CN1636352A - 提供用于原始连接的备用连接的功能特征的方法 - Google Patents

提供用于原始连接的备用连接的功能特征的方法 Download PDF

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CN1636352A
CN1636352A CN02823974.1A CN02823974A CN1636352A CN 1636352 A CN1636352 A CN 1636352A CN 02823974 A CN02823974 A CN 02823974A CN 1636352 A CN1636352 A CN 1636352A
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CN100586068C (zh
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W·希普芬格
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Unify GmbH and Co KG
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q3/00Selecting arrangements
    • H04Q3/0016Arrangements providing connection between exchanges
    • H04Q3/0025Provisions for signalling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13034A/D conversion, code compression/expansion
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13141Hunting for free outlet, circuit or channel
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13145Rerouting upon failure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13167Redundant apparatus
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13176Common channel signaling, CCS7
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13196Connection circuit/link/trunk/junction, bridge, router, gateway
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13389LAN, internet

Abstract

在建立备用连接代替原始的通信连接、特别是基于IP的语音通信(VoIP)连接的方法时,其中在主网(106b)中进行数据传输和在(通常效能低的)辅助网络(106a)中进行备用的数据传输,可采用具有地区分布的网关(102a+b)的体系结构,该体系结构通过中央呼叫处理服务器(104)进行控制。在此,收集主网(106b)的通信连接的信令路径(107a)的故障,建立通过辅助网络(106c)代替信令路径(107a)的备用连接,将主网(106b)的信令路径(107a)与辅助网络(106c)所建立的信令路径彼此进行逻辑连接,并且使用借助主网(106b)的信令路径(107a)提供的通信连接数据用于辅助网络(106c)的信令路径(107a)。

Description

提供用于原始连接的备用连接的功能特征的方法
本发明涉及一种创建用于准备代替原始通信连接的备用连接的方法,该备用连接特别是基于IP的语音通信连接(VoIP),其中数据传输在主网中进行,备用的数据传输在(通常效能低的)辅助网络进行。在此,特别采用了具有按地区分布的网关的体系结构,该体系结构通过中央呼叫处理服务器(CPS)进行控制。
为能理解基于本发明的中心思想,以下按照现有技术简短地说明在VoIP应用范围内采用的分组交换的数据传输的最重要的观点可能的途径和优缺点、以及因特网电话通信的最重要的实施方案。
分组交换网系指执行无直达的物理信道提供给通信连接的交换类型。代之于此,在发射机上需传递的消息划分成小的可能是不同长度的消息分组,该所述的消息分组在消息头中配有附加数据以识别发射机和接收机和连续编号,然后,再彼此单独地通过网络进行派送。在此,每个分组再在各个网络结点中进行分析。然后,涉及到当前的网络负荷,在各个网络结点中对每个分组判断,通过哪个出线的通信连接将相应的分组继续派送给接收机。接着,分组在涉及网络加负荷的情况下也许采用不同的路径直达接收机,并且不能按发送所述分组的序列到达。也许由于这个原因必须将分组暂存在各个网络结点,并且在接收机中分类。
分组交换技术的优点在于良好的网络负荷和能以不同连接速率在终端设备之间进行通信。但是,分组交换网却很少适用于与时间密切有关的应用,因为在各个网络结点中处理分组、不同长度的传输路径、以及分组和去分组都需要很多时间。
通过因特网和/或内联网在2个通信用户之间传输语音数据的通信类型称之为“因特网电话通信”、IP电话通信或基于IP的语音通信(VoIP),在该因特网和/或内联网中作为通信终端设备可使用计算机或常规的固定网电话、无声电话或移动电话。除了语音传输和电子邮件外,传真和视频业务以及语音邮件通过因特网或内联网传输都是可能的。通信的这些不同形式的硬件和软件的规一化在文献中通常在此都用专用词汇“统一通信联络”统称。
在因特网电话通信中通常都可同电话网和因特网共用2种原本独立的网络类型。通常使用常规的电话通信连接用于从主叫通信用户或被叫通信用户直到分别为下一个网络直拨结点的路段。与此相反,使用因特网可用于相应的网络直拨结点之间通常为很长的路段。
不同的通信连接平台所得到的结果可视在参与因特网通电话的通话方使用的哪种技术而定。在此,通信即可在不同的计算机之间、在计算机和常用的电话之间、或者也可在不同的电话之间进行。由此,原则上可分为4种因特网电话通信的改进方案:
1、改进方案:计算机←→因特网←→计算机
在这种改进方案中,用户从其计算机(譬如一台PC)开始通过所谓的“提供商”直拨入因特网。然后,他再试验通过其电话通信软件拨打所要接通的通信用户的固定的IP地址。当所要接通的通信用户的计算机与因特网连接时,和相关的通信用户装入其电话通信软件时,它就可通话。在此,两个通信用户的计算机通过公用电话交换网(PSTN)与一个所谓的因特网电话业务提供商(ITSP)连接,从那里开始它们可在分组交换的因特网中传输语音数据。
2、改进方案:计算机←→因特网←→电话
在此改进方案中,用户从其计算机开始通过其“提供商”拨号进入因特网。然后,他再通过其电话通信软件拨打所要接通的通信用户的号码。由软件将数据分组派送到在地区上靠所要接通的通信用户最近的一个“网关”。网关是一种在不同的网络运营商的网络或国家网络之间的专用的接口,该网络都彼此通过因特网耦合联接小交换机或交换站,并且用来进行计费、进行转换不同的信令程序以及速度匹配。借助于此,譬如使得有可能通过拨电话号码和使用专用的因特网入口代码,从一个常用的电话连接到另一个常用的电话连接进行电话通信。语音数据从位于最近的网关进入本地的公用电话交换网PSTN。这种方法对提供商的基本设施提出了很高的要求。为能提供成本低廉的因特网电话通信,在世界上每个国家都必须在因特网和本地电话网之间启动至少一个网关。
3、改进方案:电话←→因特网←→计算机
为能经一部电话机通到一部计算机,必须建立到因特网电话业务提供商的通信连接。然后才可拨打所要接通的通信用户。对此的前提条件是要接通所要接通的通信用户的计算机,装入其电话通信软件和将其计算机与因特网连接起来。
4、改进方案:电话←→因特网←→电话
在此改进方案中,用户从其电话连接通过线路交换的PSTN直拨入网关。在直拨入网关后,用户拨打由网络运营商分配给它的因特网入口代码(英文意为“个人识别号码”PIN),并且最后拨打所要接通的通信用户的目的地呼叫号码。然后,网关系统借助所拨的目的地号码或其中的一部分通过路由表来测出在地区上离这个目的地最近的网关,该网关在其一侧通过IP地址识别,并且这个网关可继续通过在那里的本地PSTN实现到所要接通的通信用户的通信连接。只要这一点实现了,主叫通信用户就可得到一个信号并且可通话。在此,语音数据可面向分组地通过因特网进行传输。
所有这4种改进方案不仅可通过世界范围的因特网而且通过公司建立的或机构建立的内联网(在那里通常传输质量更好)来实现。
因特网的电话系统的基本单元是所谓的“呼叫处理服务器”(CPS),通常也称之为“网闸”。它是由一系列的在一个或多个服务器上运行的软件应用程序组成。这些软件应用程序都位于逻辑IP网内的某一点。CPS以其最简单的形式提供综揽属于某个特定区域的所有客户的状态。按照国际电信联盟(ITU)的H.323标准可确定其功能。这些功能其中包括地址的分辨能力(按照IP的E.164和相反)和多种多样的确认任务和授权任务、中央呼叫处理和路由。此外,还执行用于IP网内的客户和网关的交换功能(包括通信连接的建立和拆除在内的通信连接控制),并且管理着存储着用户简档和网络配置的数据库。在此,由CPS提供的功能性更多地从制造商到制造商变化着。
当各个语音信道可不通过因特网连通时,并且通过线路交换网接通备用连接代替基于IP的语音通信的通信连接时,也许对用户来说就失去了VoIP通信连接的由呼叫处理服务器控制的功能特征。在这种情况下,某些功能特征譬如建立会议连通就不再用了。
在ISDN中线路交换或分组交换的数据通信的主要标志特征是坚持分开在不同信道上传输信令数据和有用数据。在此,首先所谓的B-和D信道就很重要。在此,使用具有传输速率64kBit/s的第一B信道用于传输数字化的语音信号。与此并行的可提供给用户同样使用传输速率64kBit/s的第二条B信道用于传输数据。在此,尽管在用户的电话上无数据连接,但还是可提供一个完整的S0接口,该接口对每个用户都可连接达8个不同的通信终端设备。这就意味着在每种情况中在两个通信方向上都拥有两条B信道,并且多个通信终端设备都可同时使用着,方式是它们每次都同时使用两条B信道的一条。与此相反,为传输信令数据可附加使用一条传输速率16kBit/s(D16)或64kBit/s(D64)的D信道。除交换信令数据外,用户还可将在D信道上的数据分组派送到网络中,该数据分组可重新从网络转接到其它的通信用户。但是,不同于在B信道上的是通过D信道不能建立通信连接。
按照现有技术,通过严格的分开信令数据和有用数据保证了,用户在通过备用网络迂回转接有用数据时不会损失信息或功能特征,因为D信道在连续不断地校正传输信令信息和控制信息。
从上述所谓的现有技术出发,所依据的本发明所赋予的任务是提供一种方法,借助该方法建立备用连接代替原始的通信连接,其中通过主网实现数据传输或通过辅助网络实现备用,其中在选取备用连接时尽可能广泛地保持所建立的功能特征。
按照本发明,这个任务由独立的权利要求的特征来解决。优选扩展的本发明的思想的实施例在从属权利要求中确定。
所依据的本发明涉及一种技术,用该技术借助呼叫处理服务器提供备用连接代替原始的通信连接、特别是基于IP的语音通信的通信连接。在这方面,采用了通过中央呼叫处理服务器控制的具有按地区分布的网关的体系结构。在此,在统一网络方案的范围内无须进行变化就可承担进入线路交换网的标准化的呼叫处理过程。
从本发明的从属权利要求中、以及从借助下列附图展示的本发明的实施例所做的下面的说明中产生本发明的特点、特征、优点及应用。
在此示出:
图1:展示采用所举的备用连接代替进行分组交换的VoIP通信连接的简化方框图100,并且
图2a、b:示出了通过线路交换网提供备用连接代替分组交换的VoIP通信连接的流程图200。
下面将详细说明包含在基于本发明的实施例中的单元的功能,如图1和2所示。
就图1来说,首先用方框图来说明本发明。所描绘的简化的方框图展示了具有按地区分布的IP机架或网关102a和102b和具有一个呼叫处理服务器104的在本发明所述的方案中使用的体系结构。在这方面所示出的是一个在经终端设备101a和101b以及网关102a、102b连接的2个通信用户A和B之间进行的分组交换的基于IP的语音通信的通信连接的例子,其中在所示的画面中不仅基于IP的语音通信的通信连接的信令路径107a(D信道)而且其有用数据路径107b(B信道)都是中断的。在此,终端标识码#A:2000分配给通信用户A,并且将终端标识码#B:3000分配给通信用户B。由于信令路径107a和有用数据路径107b可不再通过因特网106b连通,所以必须通过备用网络连通备用路径以代替基于IP的语音通信的通信连接。在此,在图1所示的实施例中,使用备用网106c代替信令路径107a,并且使用线路交换网106a作为备用网代替有用数据路径107b。后者譬如系指德国电信的公用电话交换网(PSTN)。
对于经终端设备101a和101b以及经网关102a、102b参与基于IP的语音通信的通信连接的两个通信用户A和B来说,通过因特网出现的基于IP的语音通信的通信连接的故障不再引人注目,因为备用连接可提供同一种功能范围如基于IP的语音通信的通信连接、如在下面所说明的那样。
在图2中所示的流程图,分4个步骤解释说明了本发明所述的方法,以通过线路交换网提供备用连接代替分组交换的基于IP的语音通信的通信连接。下面详细地说明该方法的各个步骤。
步骤#1:
首先在分步骤202中由具有终端标识码#A:2000的用户A的通信终端设备101a拨打需呼叫的用户B的通信终端设备101b的终端标识码#B:3000,并且在此传信令给呼叫处理服务器104进行通信连接呼叫。于是,呼叫处理服务器104在下一个分步骤204中应识别,不能通过主网106b(在这种情况下为分组交换因特网)使用有用数据路径107b,原因譬如是因为断开的出故障的路由器造成传输质量差或诸如此类的问题不能使用。
步骤#2:
由于从呼叫处理服务器104到通信终端设备101a和101b的网关或接入点102a、102b,信令路径107a总是可使用的,这就意味着信令路径107a通过主网106b既总可使用又可(如在这个例子中假定是这样)转接到备用网络106c。于是,在另一个分步骤206中必须确定两种可能性的哪个可行。
步骤#3:
如果信令路径107a转接到备用网络106c,则呼叫处理服务器104在分步骤208中传信令给网关102a拨打备用呼叫号码#B:0-1234567,以便通达用户B的通信终端设备101b。在图1中所绘的实施例中,用的就是这个备用呼叫号码#B:0-1234567。在这方面,置于前面的0表示接入到线路交换网106a的入口代码。(将在许多情况下已经实现的标准流程转接到其它的线路交换网上以维持通过线路交换的电话网进行的电话通信连接正常工作)。然后,呼叫处理服务器104在另一个分步骤210中,存储相应的通信连接的功能特征和存储原拨呼叫号码#B:3000和备用呼叫号码#B:0-1234567之间的逻辑连接。
步骤#4:
在分步骤212中给呼叫处理服务器104传信令在网关102b上借助备用呼叫号码#B:0-1234567进行进线通信连接呼叫。在下一个分步骤214中,这个呼叫处理服务器104所要测定的在此是指备用连接的进线部分。于是,呼叫处理服务器104在另一个步骤216中,调用相应的通信连接的存储在步骤210中的功能特征,并且在最后一个步骤218中给用户B的通信终端设备101b传信令进行进线通信连接呼叫,看来绝不用通过备用网络106a+c传送VoIP通信连接的有用数据和信令数据。
于是,在本发明的范围内,如上所述从通信用户A的通信终端设备101a到线路交换网106a作为配套设施要识别出线的通信连接呼叫,并且作为配套设施要识别从线路交换网106a到通信用户B的通信终端设备101b进线通信连接呼叫(也即通过线路交换网的备用连接的出线和进线的部分)。然后,在备用连接的出线和进线部分之间建立一条逻辑连接。这在中央呼叫处理服务器104中进行,因为在这里本来就有用于内部通信连接的数据。然后,允许所有的功能特征用于这条通信连接。对此前提条件当然是通向网关102a和102b的信令路径107a仍旧保持运行畅通。
可分别根据备用网络和备用连接的类型以不同方式、譬如通过已拨打的呼叫号码来产生备用连接的出线和进线部分之间的逻辑连接,只要备用连接指的是模拟交换局组(Amtssatz)即可。
另一种可能途径就在于使用已拨打的呼叫号码和仿制的主叫方号码,只要指的是具有多个B信道的数字的交换局组即可。在这种情况下,通过基群多路复用接口或基群速率接口(PRI)可实现用户入网。
在本发明所述的方法的范围内,首先通过(备用的)信令路径107a将进线的备用连接报告给呼叫处理服务器104。根据逻辑连接这个呼叫处理服务器104可识别通信连接是指进线备用连接,并且将此与备用连接的出线部分进行逻辑连接。然后,呼叫处理服务器104调出通信连接的通信连接数据和功能特征(譬如通话等候、呼叫转移、会议连通等等),并且通过(备用)信令路径107a发送这些通信连接的通信连接数据和功能特征。由此,尽管使用了一条备用路径,但是对于被叫通信终端设备101b来说,通信连接作为内部通信连接显示。
在基于本发明的实施例中,对于备用连接的出线和进线部分之间的逻辑连接类型附加规定了,对每个被叫的通信终端设备101b不需要自己的备用呼叫号码。代之于此,借助呼叫处理服务器104从多个备用呼叫号码中动态地分配一个备用呼叫号码。这种方法的优点在于交换局号码耗用少,以此在相当大的范围内使节省费用成为可能。
所依据的本发明一般可用于进行对用户来说通过公用电话网建立备用连接如内部通信连接。在此。所有的内部功能特征仍可在建立备用连接的情况下使用。
特别是可在一种体系结构中以有利的方式使用本发明,其中在IP网络106b内各个地区分布的网关102a、102b中与专用小交换机的通信终端设备连接。

Claims (14)

1、建立通过主网(106b)从第一用户(A)到第二用户(B)的通信连接的备用连接的方法,
具有以下步骤:
-收集主网(106b)的通信线路的信令路径(107a)的故障,
-通过备用网络(106c)建立用于信令路径(107a)的备用连接,
-主网(106b)的信令路径(107a)与备用网络(106c)所建立的信令路径的逻辑连接,并且
-存储借助主网(106b)的信令路径(107a)提供的通信连接数据,以便由此也可使用该通信连接数据用于备用网络(106c)的信令路径(107a)。
2、按照权利要求1所述的方法,
其特征在于,
-借助主网(106b)的信令路径(107a)与备用网络(106c)的信令路径(107a)的逻辑连接,将备用连接的出线部分与进线部分进行逻辑连接,
-调用所存储的通信连接数据,并且通过备用网络(106c)的信令路径(107a)共同传输。
3、按照权利要求1或2所述的方法,
其特征在于,
使用一个分组交换网作为主网(106b),并且使用一个分组交换网作为备用网络(106c)。
4、按照权利要求3所述的方法,
其特征在于,
使用因特网和/或公司的或机构团体的内联网作为分组交换的主网(106b)。
5、按照权利要求3和4之一所述的方法,
其特征在于,
采用公用电话网(PSTN)作为线路交换的备用网络(106a)。
6、按照上述权利要求之一所述的方法,
其特征在于,
采用通过基于IP的语音通信(VoIP)连接的数字化语音信号传输作为通信连接。
7、按照权利要求1-5之一所述的方法,
其特征在于,
采用通过因特网和内联网连接的数字化数据信号传输作为通信连接。
8、按照权利要求1-5之一所述的方法,
其特征在于,
采用通过因特网和内联网连接的数字化视频信号和/或音频信号多媒体传输作为通信连接。
9、通过连接控制服务器(104)在从一个主叫到一个被叫终端设备(101a、101b)不按规定工作的有用数据路径(107b)和在不能提供使用所属的信令路径(107a)的情况下,建立备用连接的方法,具有如下步骤:
-通过备用网络(106c)转接(220)信令路径(107a),
-请求(208)主叫终端设备(101a)的网关(102a),用备用网(106c)的备用呼叫号码(#B)通达被叫终端设备(101b),
-存储(210)不按规定工作的有用数据路径(107b)的功能特征并且将原拨打的与备用呼叫号码(#B)进行逻辑连接,
-收集(212)在被叫终端设备(101b)的网关(102b)上进线的通信连接请求,并且
-识别(214)备用连接的进线部分,
-查询(216)中断的通信连接的所存储的功能特征,并且
-传信令(218)给被叫终端设备(101b)进行进线通信连接请求。
10、按照权利要求9所述的方法,
其特征在于,
通过所拨打的呼叫号码建立备用连接的出线和进线部分之间的逻辑连接,如果这个呼叫号码指的是模拟的交换局组即可。
11、按照权利要求9所述的方法,
其特征在于,
通过所拨打的呼叫号码和仿制的主叫方号码建立备用连接的出线和进线部分之间的逻辑连接,如果这指的是具有多个B信道的数字的交换局组即可。
12、按照权利要求9-11之一所述的方法,
其特征在于,
在建立备用连接的出线和进线部分之间的逻辑连接时,对被叫终端设备(101b)来说,借助呼叫处理服务器(104),从多个重复使用的备用呼叫号码中动态地分别分配一个备用呼叫号码。
13、用于在因特网中实施交换功能的呼叫处理服务器,
其特征在于,
配置它用于实施按照上述权利要求之一所述的方法。
14、用于操作在因特网中本地化的呼叫处理服务器(104)的软件应用程序,
其特征在于,
该软件应用程序实现按照权利要求1-13之一所述的方法。
CN02823974A 2001-11-30 2002-11-29 建立代替通信连接的备用连接的方法和呼叫处理服务器 Expired - Fee Related CN100586068C (zh)

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CN100586068C (zh) 2010-01-27
US7353293B2 (en) 2008-04-01
WO2003049367A3 (de) 2003-08-14
EP1449388B1 (de) 2005-10-26
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