CN1634949A - Process for preparing light color transparent alkyl glycoside - Google Patents

Process for preparing light color transparent alkyl glycoside Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1634949A
CN1634949A CN 200410064505 CN200410064505A CN1634949A CN 1634949 A CN1634949 A CN 1634949A CN 200410064505 CN200410064505 CN 200410064505 CN 200410064505 A CN200410064505 A CN 200410064505A CN 1634949 A CN1634949 A CN 1634949A
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alkyl glycoside
light
acid
fatty alcohol
preparation technology
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CN1305886C (en
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杨秀全
张剑
杨庆利
王军
郝栩
李秋小
董万田
程玉梅
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China Daily Chemical Industry Research Institute
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China Daily Chemical Industry Research Institute
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Abstract

A process for preparing a light colored transparent alkyl glycoside is provided. Glucose and fatty alcohol are charged into a reaction kettle for outside loop. Neutralizer is charged under the conditions of inert gas shield, acid catalyst existence and vacuum after reaction. The pH value is regulated to 8-9. Free fatty alcohol is removed by distillation under the conditions of temperature in the range of 130-180 DEG C and pressure less than 2mmHg. Oxydol is charged into alkyl glycoside alkaline aqueous solution after dealcoholization, The light colored transparent alkyl glycoside product is obtained after fine filtration. The process is simple, and the operation is convenient.

Description

A kind of preparation technology of light-coloured transparent alkyl glycoside
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparation technology of alkyl glycoside nonionogenic tenside, relate in particular to a kind of technology for preparing the light-coloured transparent alkyl glycoside product.
Background technology
At present, the technological line of production alkyl glycoside in the world is to change glucosides method (claim not only two-step approach or acetal exchange process) and direct glucosides method (but also claiming single stage method or direct method), and poor product quality is eliminated just gradually because the two-step mode technique technical process is grown; The direct method technology is in the presence of certain temperature, pressure and acid catalyst, the C of long-chain in making 8-18Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) and glucose directly carry out the solid-liquid phase reaction and prepare alkyl glycoside, reaction principle be hemiacetal on the glucose ring through base and Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) through the acetalation process of base.In the preparation process of alkyl glycoside, in order to obtain the suitable alkyl glycoside product of the sugared polymerization degree, the often excessive greatly use of Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18), reaction finish the back Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) and need remove from product.Because glucose and glucosides belong to heat-sensitive substance, the alkyl glycoside that process glycosylation reaction and high temperature dealcoholysis obtain is the brownish black product, just must carry out the aftertreatment of product in order to obtain light-coloured prods.Synthetic and application about alkyl glycoside, a large amount of reported in literature is arranged both at home and abroad, wherein some relates to light-coloured prods preparation technology, is to use hydrogen peroxide to float look in the presence of magnesium oxide to obtain light-coloured prods as German Henkel the patent US5554740 in 1994 of company; Among the patent ZL95118925 of Kaipu Chemical Co., Ltd., Henan Prov. in 1996, be unreacted sugar and other water-soluble impurity in the water extraction glucosides product before dealcoholysis, the product after the dealcoholysis be made into the aqueous solution again in the presence of magnesium oxide the use hydrogen peroxide float look and obtain light-coloured prods; The patent ZL98813130 of LG Chemical Ltd. in 1998 has then increased the pre-mixing of glucose and Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18), adds reaction system then, so that conversion of glucose is complete substantially, can alleviate the product post-processing difficulty.But in above technology, owing to float the magnesian existence of look auxiliary agent, a large amount of apparent suspended substances are arranged in the resulting product, this series products at engine emulsified fuel oil, electronics is downhearted and other requires can not use in the apparent limpid application system.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the technology that a kind of preparation technology is easy, the directly sugared widely official communicationization legal system of product application is got light-coloured transparent alkyl glycoside.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, uses the stirred reactor that has external circulating system to carry out glycosylation reaction, and external circulating system is drawn material from reactor bottom, sends reactor top back to by outer circulation pump and connecting tube.The reaction process that direct glucosides legal system is got alkyl glycoside is controlled by the dissolving of glucose in vinegar, by the material outer circulation, glucose is not easy to be deposited on the stirring dead angle of stirred reactor bottom and coking, the glucose particle is constantly sent back to reactor top from reactor bottom in material outer circulation process simultaneously, help solid-liquid biphase mass transfer, strengthen the dissolving of glucose in alcohol, thus fast reaction speed.Glucose need not pre-treatment, in Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) and the disposable input reactor of acid catalyst, finishes glucosidesization under stirring, outer circulation, vacuum and heating condition.Use the mixture of alkaline earth metal oxide and alkali metal hydroxide or single alkaline earth metal oxide neutralizing acid catalyzer termination reaction (alkaline earth metal oxide in follow-up dealcoholysis process as the high temperature resistance auxiliary agent, float in the look process as floating the look auxiliary agent at hydrogen peroxide), again through dealcoholysis, the preparation alkaline aqueous solution, hydrogen peroxide floats the light alkyl sugar misery solution that look obtains the outward appearance muddiness, the outward appearance muddiness is because the cotton-shaped suspended substance that alkaline earth metal oxide forms in alkaline aqueous solution causes, and must just can obtain the alkyl glycoside product of light-coloured transparent with the fine filtering of special precision.
Step of preparation process of the present invention is as follows:
(1) with glucose and C 8-18Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) is pressed glucose and C 8-18The Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) mol ratio is in 1: 3~6 adding reactors, material in the reactor carries out outer circulation, at protection of inert gas, acid catalyst existence and pressure is under the vacuum condition of 10~30mmHg, in 100~130 ℃ of reactions 3~4 hours, be cooled to 80~90 ℃ and add neutralizing agent, regulate pH value most 8~9, obtain containing the mixture of alkyl glycoside and Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18);
(2) mixture of alkyl glycoside and Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) is under the vacuum condition of 130~180 ℃ of temperature and pressure<2mmHg, and free alkyl alcohol is removed in distillation;
(3) to be made into concentration under agitation condition be that to add concentration behind 50~70% the alkaline aqueous solution be that 30~50% hydrogen peroxide, its add-on are 5~8wt% of glucose weight to the alkyl glycoside that obtains after the dealcoholysis, obtains the light alkyl glycoside aqueous solution of outward appearance muddiness;
(4) the light alkyl of outward appearance muddiness sugar misery solution is sent into the fine filter in 3~15 microns in filter screen aperture, filters the alkyl sugar former times product that obtains light-coloured transparent under 60~90 ℃ and pressure 0.2~0.6MPa condition.
Aforesaid fine filtering can be aided with diatomite, atlapulgite etc. and help filter.
Aforesaid acid catalyst can be an organic acid, as tosic acid, Witco 1298 Soft Acid, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) etc.; Also can be mineral acid, as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid etc.; Or mineral acid and organic acid mixture.
Aforesaid neutralizing agent is alkaline earth metal oxide and alkali metal hydroxide mixture or single alkaline earth metal oxide.
Material in the aforesaid reactor carries out outer circulation and is meant from reactor bottom and draws material, sends reactor top back to by outer circulation pump and connecting tube.
Aforesaid reactor has whipping appts.
The alkyl glycoside of the present invention's preparation can be used as utilizes the renewable natural matter synthetic of nature tensio-active agent, no matter from resource, environmental protection, still from human consumer's consumer psychology angle, has all demonstrated great vitality.In the daily use chemicals industry, the alkyl polyglycoside of outward appearance muddiness can be applicable to two-in-one shampoo, body lotion, shower emulsion, cleansing milk, collutory, liquid washing agent, kitchen detergent of new generation etc., also can be used as active ingredient and make makeup, application is also arranged in frontiers such as food emulsifier, materials for construction auxiliary agent, pesticide synergistic agents.The how bitter product of the alkyl of appearance transparent is applicable to that also biochemical field, engine emulsified fuel oil, glass antifogging anti, electronics clean and other requires apparent limpid application system except that above purposes.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, technology of the present invention is by the mixing of materials and the mass transfer of material outer circulation reinforcement two phase reaction, and Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18), glucose and acid catalyst are disposable to feed intake; And the pre-mixing that need not glucose and Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) just can realize the quick conversion of glucose, also need not set up the water extraction plant and can use hydrogen peroxide to float look in the presence of magnesium oxide to obtain light-coloured prods before dealcoholysis, and technology is simple, easy to operate.
2, the present invention uses Fine Filtration Technology to remove the deformable suspended particle of the alkaline earth metal hydroxides in the alkyl glycoside product, obtains the alkyl glycoside product of outward appearance light-coloured transparent.
3, the transparent alkyl glycoside product that obtains of the present invention has product suitability widely.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
2M 3Add C in the reactor 8-12Natural fatty alcohol 550kg, disposable adding dextrose anhydrous 150kg, Catalyzed by p-Toluenesulfonic Acid agent 1kg are stirred and the outer circulation pump in logical nitrogen, unlatching.At pressure 25mmHg and 120 ℃ of following reaction 3hr, be cooled to 80 ℃, add the mixture 270g of MgO and NaOH, adjust pH to 8, this moment, reaction mixture was faint yellow.Material is sent into the film scraper evaporator, 140~150.The C temperature condition, pressure 0.5mmHg deviates from free natural fatty alcohol.Under agitation condition, be mixed with concentration and be 50% alkyl sugar former times alkaline aqueous solution, add H 2O 2Float look and obtain 450kg light color C K-10The alkyl glycoside product.
Prefabricated diatomite helps filtering layer in the fine filter, and the filter screen aperture of fine filter is 3 microns, and keeping the temperature of charge in the fine filter is 75 ± 2 ℃, and filter pressure maintains pressure 0.4~0.5MPa, above-mentioned light C 8-10The alkyl glycoside product enters strainer continuously, obtains the alkyl glycoside product 448.5kg of the little yellow transparent of outward appearance.
Embodiment 2:
2M 3Add C in the reactor 12-16Natural fatty alcohol 600kg, disposable adding dextrose anhydrous 125kg, dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid catalyst 1.8kg are stirred and the outer circulation pump in logical nitrogen, unlatching.At pressure 15mmHg and 110 ℃ of following reaction 3.5hr, be cooled to 90 ℃, add the mixture 210g of MgO/NaOH, adjust pH to 8, this moment, reaction mixture was a khaki color.Material is sent into film and is scraped and pull vaporizer, and at 160~180 ℃ of temperature condition, pressure 0.2mmHg deviates from free natural fatty alcohol.Compound concentration is 50% alkyl glycoside alkaline aqueous solution under agitation condition, adds H 2O 2Float look and obtain the little yellow C of 426kg 12-16The alkyl glycoside product.
The filter screen aperture of fine filter is 5 microns, and keeping the temperature of charge in the fine filter is 88 ± 2 ℃, and filter pressure maintains pressure 0.5~0.6MPa, above-mentioned little yellow C 12-16The alkyl glycoside product enters strainer continuously, obtains the faint yellow transparent alkyl glycoside product 424.5kg of outward appearance.
Embodiment 3:
2M 3Add C in the reactor 8-12Natural fatty alcohol 550kg, disposable adding dextrose anhydrous 180kg, tosic acid/phosphoric acid/ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) mixed catalyst 1.2kg are stirred and material outer circulation pump in logical nitrogen, unlatching.At pressure 10mmHg and 100 ℃ of following reaction 4hr, be cooled to 80 ℃, add the mixture 270g of MgO and NaOH, adjust pH to 9, this moment, reaction mixture was faint yellow.Material is sent into the film scraper evaporator, and at 150~160 ℃ of temperature condition, pressure 1.5mmHg deviates from free natural fatty alcohol.Compound concentration is 50% alkyl glycoside alkaline aqueous solution under agitation condition, adds H 2O 2Float look and obtain the little yellow C of 522kg 8-10The alkyl glycoside product.
Above-mentioned little yellow C 8-10The alkyl glycoside product enters fine filter continuously, the filter screen aperture of fine filter is 8 microns, keeping temperature of charge is 70 ± 2 ℃, filter pressure is maintained under pressure 0.2~0.3MPa condition carry out, and obtains the faint yellow transparent alkyl glycoside product 520kg of outward appearance.
Embodiment 4:
2M 3Add C in the reactor 8-12Natural fatty alcohol 550kg, disposable adding dextrose anhydrous 100kg, catalyzer vitriol oil 100g are stirred and the outer circulation pump in logical nitrogen, unlatching.At pressure 10mmHg and 130 ℃ reaction 3hr down, be cooled to 80 ℃, add MgO 300g, adjust pH to 8.5, this moment, reaction mixture was yellow.Material is sent into the film scraper evaporator, and at 130~140 ℃ of temperature condition, pressure 0.3mmHg deviates from free natural fatty alcohol.Compound concentration is 70% alkyl glycoside alkaline aqueous solution under agitation condition, adds H 2O 2Float look and obtain the faint yellow C of 228kg 8-10, the first product of alkyl sugar.
Prefabricated atlapulgite helps filtering layer in the fine filter, and the filter screen aperture of fine filter is 10 microns, above-mentioned faint yellow C 8-12The alkyl glycoside product enters fine filter continuously, and keeping temperature of charge is 62 ± 2 ℃, and filter pressure maintains pressure 0.3~0.4MPa, obtains the light yellow transparent alkyl glycoside product 227kg of outward appearance.
Embodiment 5:
2M 3Add C in the reactor 8-12Natural fatty alcohol 550kg, disposable adding dextrose anhydrous 125kg, Catalyzed by p-Toluenesulfonic Acid agent 1kg are stirred and the outer circulation pump in logical nitrogen, unlatching.At pressure 30mmHg and 120 ℃ of following reaction 4hr, be cooled to 90 ℃, add the mixture 270g of MgO and NaOH, adjust pH to 8, this moment, reaction mixture was faint yellow.Material is sent into the film scraper evaporator, and at 155~160 ℃ of temperature condition, pressure 1mmHg deviates from free natural fatty alcohol.Compound concentration is 60% alkyl glycoside alkaline aqueous solution under agitation condition, and adding H2O2 floats look and obtains the little yellow C of 310kg 8-10The alkyl glycoside product.
Above-mentioned little yellow C 8-12The alkyl glycoside product enters fine filter continuously, the filter screen aperture of fine filter is 13 microns, keeping temperature of charge is 82 ± 2 ℃, and filter pressure maintains under pressure 0.4~0.5MPa condition and carries out, and obtains the bitter product 308.5kg of alkyl sugar of the little yellow transparent of outward appearance.
Embodiment 6:
2M 3Add C in the reactor 8-18Natural fatty alcohol 600kg, disposable adding dextrose anhydrous 150kg, catalyzer Witco 1298 Soft Acid 2.4kg are stirred and outer circulation in logical nitrogen, unlatching.At pressure 20mmHg and 110 ℃ of following reaction 4hr, be cooled to 85 ℃, add the mixture 240g of MgO/NaoH, adjust pH to 8, this moment, reaction mixture was shallow khaki color.Material is sent into the film scraper evaporator, and at 165~175 ℃ of temperature condition, pressure 0.3mmHg deviates from free natural fatty alcohol.Compound concentration is 50% alkyl glycoside alkaline aqueous solution under agitation condition, adds H 2O 2Float look and obtain the little yellow C18-18 alkyl glycoside product of 435kg.
The filter screen aperture of fine filter is 15 microns, and keeping the temperature of charge in the fine filter is 85 ± 2 ℃, and filter pressure maintains pressure 0.5~0.6MPa, above-mentioned little yellow C 8-18The alkyl glycoside product enters strainer continuously, obtains the faint yellow transparent alkyl glycoside product 434kg of outward appearance.
Comparative Examples 1:
2M 3Add C in the reactor 8-12Natural fatty alcohol 550kg, disposable adding dextrose anhydrous 150kg, catalyzer tosic acid 1kg are stirred in logical nitrogen, unlatching.At pressure 25mmHg and 120 ℃ of following reaction 3hr, be cooled to 80 ℃, add the mixture 270g of MgO and NaOH, adjust pH to 8, this moment, reaction mixture was pale brown look, contained the pyrogenic black glucose of part particle simultaneously.Material is sent into film and is scraped and pull vaporizer, and at 140~150 ℃ of temperature condition, residual voltage 0.5mmHg deviates from free natural fatty alcohol.The alkyl glycoside alkaline aqueous solution of compound concentration 50% adds H under good agitation condition 2O 2Float look and obtain the pale brown look C of 415kg 8-10The alkyl glycoside product.This process can not obtain light-coloured prods, need not filter, as substandard products.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of preparation technology of light-coloured transparent alkyl glycoside is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) with glucose and C 8-18Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) is pressed glucose and C 8-18The Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) mol ratio is in 1: 3~6 adding reactors, material in the reactor carries out outer circulation, at protection of inert gas, acid catalyst existence and pressure is under the vacuum condition of 10~30mmHg, in 100~130 ℃ of reaction 3~4h, be cooled to 80~90 ℃ and add neutralizing agent, regulate pH value most 8~9, obtain containing the mixture of alkyl glycoside and Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18);
(2) mixture of alkyl sugar hardship and Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) is under the vacuum condition of 130~180 ℃ of temperature and pressure 2mmHg, and free alkyl alcohol is removed in distillation;
(3) to be made into concentration under agitation condition be that to add concentration behind 50~70% the alkaline aqueous solution be that 30~50% hydrogen peroxide, its add-on are 5~8wt% of glucose weight to the alkyl glycoside that obtains after the dealcoholysis, obtains the light alkyl sugar misery solution of outward appearance muddiness;
(4), the light alkyl glycoside aqueous solution of outward appearance muddiness sends into the fine filter in 3~15 microns in filter screen aperture, filters the alkyl glycoside product that obtains light-coloured transparent under 60~90 ℃ and pressure 0.2~0.6MPa condition.
2, the preparation technology of a kind of light-coloured transparent alkyl glycoside as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described fine filtering also is aided with diatomite, atlapulgite helps filter.
3, the preparation technology of a kind of light-coloured transparent alkyl glycoside as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that described acid catalyst is organic acid, mineral acid or mineral acid and organic acid mixture.
4, the preparation technology of a kind of light-coloured transparent alkyl glycoside as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that described organic acid is tosic acid, Witco 1298 Soft Acid or ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA).
5, the preparation technology of a kind of light-coloured transparent alkyl sugar as claimed in claim 3 former times is characterized in that described mineral acid is sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or phosphoric acid.
6, the preparation technology of a kind of light-coloured transparent alkyl glycoside as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that described neutralizing agent is alkaline earth metal oxide and alkali metal hydroxide mixture or single alkaline earth metal oxide.
7, the preparation technology of a kind of light-coloured transparent alkyl sugar as claimed in claim 1 or 2 former times is characterized in that material in the described reactor carries out outer circulation and is meant from reactor bottom and draws material, sends reactor top back to by outer circulation pump and connecting tube.
8, the preparation technology of a kind of light-coloured transparent alkyl glycoside as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that described reactor has whipping appts.
CNB2004100645050A 2004-10-18 2004-10-18 Process for preparing light color transparent alkyl glycoside Expired - Fee Related CN1305886C (en)

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CN100390187C (en) * 2005-12-02 2008-05-28 西北大学 Method for preparing alkyl glycoside
CN102643313A (en) * 2012-04-23 2012-08-22 上海发凯化工有限公司 Heterogeneous secondary alcohol alkyl glycoside, and synthesis method and application thereof
CN102786558A (en) * 2011-05-19 2012-11-21 扬州晨化科技集团有限公司 Preparation method of decyl glucopyranoside
CN104117321A (en) * 2014-08-07 2014-10-29 偃师然合生物材料有限公司 High-efficiency emulsifying dispersion system and method for production of glycoside
CN104262420A (en) * 2014-09-23 2015-01-07 浙江合诚化学有限公司 Method for preparing dodecyl glucoside under catalysis of composite organic acid
CN105126905A (en) * 2015-07-30 2015-12-09 中国日用化学工业研究院 Ionic liquid for synthesizing long-chain alkyl glucoside, preparation method and applications thereof
CN105254685A (en) * 2015-10-14 2016-01-20 河北科技大学 Preparing process for alkyl glycoside
CN105418699A (en) * 2015-12-29 2016-03-23 河北合佳医药科技集团有限公司 Method and production device for continuously producing alkyl glucoside
CN105732731A (en) * 2016-01-28 2016-07-06 上海发凯化工有限公司 Method for preparing light-colored alkyl glycoside product
CN104418922B (en) * 2013-08-23 2016-12-28 河北科技大学 Use the reaction of guanosine device of one-step method continuous synthesis alkyl polyglucoside
CN109180750A (en) * 2018-09-04 2019-01-11 安徽红太阳新材料有限公司 The method of Dextrose Monohydrate synthesizing alkyl polyglycoside 0810
CN109180751A (en) * 2018-09-04 2019-01-11 安徽红太阳新材料有限公司 The preparation method of alkyl glycosides 1214
CN116333014A (en) * 2023-03-27 2023-06-27 上海发凯化工有限公司 Method for producing alkyl glycoside and device system used by same

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CN100390187C (en) * 2005-12-02 2008-05-28 西北大学 Method for preparing alkyl glycoside
CN102786558A (en) * 2011-05-19 2012-11-21 扬州晨化科技集团有限公司 Preparation method of decyl glucopyranoside
CN102643313A (en) * 2012-04-23 2012-08-22 上海发凯化工有限公司 Heterogeneous secondary alcohol alkyl glycoside, and synthesis method and application thereof
CN102643313B (en) * 2012-04-23 2015-03-18 上海发凯化工有限公司 Heterogeneous secondary alcohol alkyl glycoside, and synthesis method and application thereof
CN104418922B (en) * 2013-08-23 2016-12-28 河北科技大学 Use the reaction of guanosine device of one-step method continuous synthesis alkyl polyglucoside
CN104117321A (en) * 2014-08-07 2014-10-29 偃师然合生物材料有限公司 High-efficiency emulsifying dispersion system and method for production of glycoside
CN104262420A (en) * 2014-09-23 2015-01-07 浙江合诚化学有限公司 Method for preparing dodecyl glucoside under catalysis of composite organic acid
CN105126905A (en) * 2015-07-30 2015-12-09 中国日用化学工业研究院 Ionic liquid for synthesizing long-chain alkyl glucoside, preparation method and applications thereof
CN105254685A (en) * 2015-10-14 2016-01-20 河北科技大学 Preparing process for alkyl glycoside
CN105254685B (en) * 2015-10-14 2018-11-16 河北科技大学 A kind of preparation process of alkyl glycosides
CN105418699A (en) * 2015-12-29 2016-03-23 河北合佳医药科技集团有限公司 Method and production device for continuously producing alkyl glucoside
CN105418699B (en) * 2015-12-29 2018-11-23 河北合佳医药科技集团有限公司 The method of continuous production alkyl glycosides
CN105732731A (en) * 2016-01-28 2016-07-06 上海发凯化工有限公司 Method for preparing light-colored alkyl glycoside product
CN109180750A (en) * 2018-09-04 2019-01-11 安徽红太阳新材料有限公司 The method of Dextrose Monohydrate synthesizing alkyl polyglycoside 0810
CN109180751A (en) * 2018-09-04 2019-01-11 安徽红太阳新材料有限公司 The preparation method of alkyl glycosides 1214
CN116333014A (en) * 2023-03-27 2023-06-27 上海发凯化工有限公司 Method for producing alkyl glycoside and device system used by same

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