CN1632592A - Method and system for measuring ocean current profile flow velocity using acoustic Doppler ocean current section plotter - Google Patents
Method and system for measuring ocean current profile flow velocity using acoustic Doppler ocean current section plotter Download PDFInfo
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- CN1632592A CN1632592A CN 200310122440 CN200310122440A CN1632592A CN 1632592 A CN1632592 A CN 1632592A CN 200310122440 CN200310122440 CN 200310122440 CN 200310122440 A CN200310122440 A CN 200310122440A CN 1632592 A CN1632592 A CN 1632592A
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Abstract
This invention discloses a Doppler sea flow section flow speed test method, which comprises the following steps: first to pre-estimate the ship speed and flow speed vector and the valuation V#-[E] of V and to set first time interval T#-[1] between two sub-impulse according to the valuation; to get the pre-valuation V#-[S] of the ship speed and flow speed vector and V according to first time interval; to set second time interval T#-[2] according to pre-valuation V#-[S]; to choose the relative impulse emission code according to second time interval T#-[2] and to adopt relative impulse pair covariance method to test flow speed to get the ship speed and flow speed vector and V accurate value V#-[P]; final to get flow speed by minus the ship speed from the measurement results.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the measurement of ocean current profile flow velocity, more particularly, relate to the method and the broadband sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument of a kind of Doppler's ocean current profile instrument measurement flow rate.
Background technology
Broadband sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument is an acoustic equipment of measuring the ocean current profile flow velocity.At present, the signal processing method of broadband sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument be coherent pulse to covariance method, the pulse of its emission is to being made up of two sub-pulses, each subpulse comprises a plurality of pulse unit, ask the phase place of the related function between the respective pulses unit in two subpulses, obtain flow velocity thus.(referring to document [1]: Zhu Weiqing, etc, " Spectral moment estimatesof broadband backscattering acoustic wave in moving medium ", Chinese Journal ofAcoustics, Vol.15, No.2,1996,106-114)
The standard deviation of its velocity estimation V is expressed from the next
Wherein, λ is the wavelength of the centre frequency correspondence of section plotter work, and T and ρ are respectively the time interval and the related coefficient of two subpulses of coherent pulse centering, and L is the number of the pulse unit of subpulse, and S/N is a signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio).V particularly
a=λ/2T is called fuzzy speed, and the relative velocity when between carrier and ocean current surpasses V
aAfter, phase ambiguity will take place.Here said phase ambiguity is meant that phase place can be any value among φ ± 2m π, m=0 wherein, ± 1 ... ± N.So when phase ambiguity takes place, the phase place indeterminacy, speed is indeterminacy also.
In people's such as B.H.Brumley United States Patent (USP) 5208785,5483499 and 5615173 " Broadbandacoustic Doppler current profiler ", introduced the broadband sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument that anchor system installs, there is a sinker in the seabed, link to each other with broadband sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument with heaving pile, four wave beams of section plotter are upwards measured the flow velocity in the section.What section plotter was measured is the relative velocity of carrier and ocean current, be bearer rate and flow velocity vector with.By anchor is that mounting means limits bearer rate quite low, measurement mainly be flow velocity, and flow speed value is smaller, can avoid taking place phase ambiguity, obtains flow speed value accurately easily.
But the broadband sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument that anchor system installs exists not enough.In real work, usually wish broadband sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument is installed aboard ship, in the process of walking boat, measure the flow field in large tracts of land marine site, this moment, section plotter was measured be ship's speed degree and flow velocity vector with, because ship's speed is bigger than flow velocity, usually make this velocity and greater than fuzzy speed V
a, produce phase ambiguity, the speed indeterminacy.
Therefore just need the method for a kind of broadband sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument measurement flow rate, in the method, sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument can be installed on the underway carrier.Also need the method for a kind of broadband sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument measurement flow rate, this method can overcome phase ambiguity, thereby measures flow velocity exactly.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of method of measuring the ocean current profile fluid velocity for the sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument of installing on the carrier under sail, and right.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides the method for a kind of Doppler's ocean current profile instrument measurement ocean current profile flow velocity, sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument is loaded on the carrier, comprises the steps:
(1) estimates the vector of a ship's speed and flow velocity and the estimated value V of V
E, this estimated value V
EVector and V greater than real ship's speed and flow velocity.
(2) according to estimated value V
EVery first time interval T between two subpulses of coherent pulse centering is set
1, wherein, T
1≤ λ/(2V
E), λ is the wavelength of the work centre frequency correspondence of section plotter, preferred 0.7 λ/(2V
E)≤T
1≤ λ/(2V
E).
(3) according to the very first time interval T in the step (2)
1Select coherent pulse to launching code, sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument is launched coherent pulse to signal to fluid media (medium) to be measured, and adopts coherent pulse that covariance method is calculated the vector of ship's speed and flow velocity and the bigness scale value V of V according to echoed signal
S
(4) according to bigness scale value V
SSecond time interval T between two subpulses of coherent pulse centering is set
2, wherein, T
2≤ λ/(2V
S), preferred 0.9 λ/(2V
S)≤T
2≤ λ/(2V
S).
(5) according to second time interval T in the step (4)
2Select coherent pulse to launching code, sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument is launched coherent pulse to signal to fluid media (medium) to be measured, and adopts coherent pulse that covariance method is calculated the vector of ship's speed and flow velocity and the accurate measurement value V of V according to echoed signal
P
(6) at accurate measurement value V
PMiddle deduction ship's speed obtains flow velocity.
The present invention also provides Doppler's ocean current profile instrument a kind of, comprises computing machine 406, comprises in this computing machine 406:
The velocity estimation module, be used to store ship's speed default or outside input and flow velocity vector and V estimated value V
E
First is provided with module, is used for the estimated value V according to the velocity estimation module
EVery first time interval T between two subpulses of coherent pulse centering is set
1, wherein, T
1≤ λ/(2V
E), λ is the wavelength of the work centre frequency correspondence of section plotter;
Second is provided with module, is used for the bigness scale value V that obtains according to speed calculation module
SSecond time interval T between two subpulses of coherent pulse centering is set
2, wherein, T
2≤ λ/(2V
S), λ is the wavelength of the work centre frequency correspondence of section plotter;
Speed calculation module is used for the very first time interval T that module is set according to first
1Or second second time interval T that is provided with in the module
2Select coherent pulse to launching code, and adopt coherent pulse that covariance method is calculated ship's speed and the vector of flow velocity and the bigness scale value V of V according to the echoed signal that section plotter is gathered
SOr accurate measurement value V
P
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the method for sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument measurement flow rate of the present invention is applicable to underway carrier.
2. the method for automatic chooser burst length spacing of the present invention in the ship's speed of the scope endoadaptation carrier of broadness and the variation of flow velocity, reaches the operating distance and the total accuracy of sounding of demarcation simultaneously.
3. the method for sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument measurement flow rate of the present invention equally also is suitable for the big waters of carrier, especially flow velocity that anchor is.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is Doppler's ocean current profile instrument work synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is Doppler's ocean current profile instrument apparatus synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 is a sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument software flow pattern of the present invention.
The drawing explanation
Carrier 100 green ends 200 transducer arrays 300 electronics extension sets 400 sensors 500 dry ends 600
Wave beam 101 seabeds 102 fluids 103
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete mode the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, when sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument was measured fluid velocity, it was loaded on the carrier (ship) 100, and sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument comprises green end 200 and dry end 600 generally.Described green end comprises transducer array 300, electronics extension set 400 and sensor 500; Described dry end 600 comprises terminal computer 601 and some peripheral hardwares, and they are contained on the water surface.Sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument to launching beam 101 under water, and is accepted the reflected signal in fluid 103 and/or seabed 102 by transducer array 300, obtains the speed of fluid 103 after electronics extension set 400 is handled.
The device synoptic diagram of sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument as shown in Figure 2, it comprises transducer array 300, electronics extension set 400, sensor 500 and the dry end of being made up of transducer array 600.The electronics extension set comprises transmitter 401, receiver 402, data acquisition unit 403, high speed digital signal processor 404, sonar controller 405, PC104 computing machine 406 and PC104 bus 407.Dry end 600 comprises terminal computer 601, gyro compass 602, printer 603 and display 604, and wherein gyro compass 602 is the apolegamy part.
Terminal computer 601 is connected with PC104 computing machine 406 in the electronics extension set 400 in the dry end 600, and terminal computer 601 is connected with gyro compass 602, printer 603 and display 604.
The special use program of testing the speed of this system is loaded in the storer of computing machine 406, and in the present invention, this program comprises that velocity estimation module, first is provided with module, second module and speed calculation module are set, and carries out by the step in the process flow diagram shown in Figure 3.
In Fig. 3, the 701st, the beginning step is sent instruction by terminal computer 601, is transferred to computing machine 406, starts the program in computing machine 406 storeies, makes sonar in running order.In the step 702 and 703, software and system hardware are carried out initialization.
In step 704, select launching code according to the degree of depth in seabed, the launching code here is that coherent pulse is to launching code.
Before launching code emission acoustical signal, the time interval T of two subpulses of this coherent pulse centering need be set according to step 704.Know fuzzy speed V
a=λ/2T, wherein, λ is the wavelength of the centre frequency correspondence of section plotter work.By V
aTabular form as can be known, when λ fixes, T will lack, so that V
aBecome big, then the velocity range that is suitable for of section plotter more greatly.But T has lacked, and the number L of the pulse unit of subpulse and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) S/N are just little, and operating distance shortens, the rate accuracy variation.Particularly during the depth of water, T will grow, and makes L and S/N become big, keeps enough signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio)s, with operating distance and the rate accuracy that reaches demarcation.So when selecting launching code, rationally choosing of the time interval T of two subpulses of coherent pulse centering is crucial.This also is feature of the present invention place.
In step 705, the default ship's speed of velocity estimation module and the vector of flow velocity and the estimated value V of V
E, perhaps receive an estimated value V who imports by operating personnel by this velocity estimation module
EThis estimated value V
ECan determine according to the field condition of surveying vessel and fluid mass to be measured, in order to guarantee not take place phase ambiguity, this estimated value V
EValue bigger than the vector and the V of actual ship's speed and flow velocity, this point is that one of ordinary skill in the art is easy to judge and make an estimate.For example, when V is approximately 2m/s, can be with estimated value V
EBe made as 2.6m/s.
In step 706, first is provided with module according to estimated value V
EVery first time interval T between two subpulses of coherent pulse centering is set
1, wherein, T
1≤ λ/(2V
E).Work as T
1≤ λ/(2V
E) time, can obtain V
E≤ λ/(2T
1).At selected T
1After, according to fuzzy speed V
A1=λ/2T
1V as can be known
E≤ V
A1, again because estimated value V
EValue bigger than the vector and the V of actual ship's speed and flow velocity, so just can guarantee when velocity survey, can not take place the fuzzy of phase place.But, because T
1Value more little, measuring accuracy is poor more.Preferred in practical operation
0.7λ/(2V
E)≤T
1≤λ/(2V
E)， (2)
So both guarantee not occur phase ambiguity, can guarantee certain measuring accuracy again.For example, in the example of step (1), with V
EAfter being made as 2.6m/s, when λ is 0.5cm, T
1Should satisfy T
1≤ 0.96ms, preferred 0.67ms≤T
1≤ 0.96ms.
In step 707, the very first time interval T that launching code of selecting according to step 704 and step 706 obtain
1, computing machine 406 produces high speed digital signal processor 404 and sonar controller 405 through PC104 bus 407 and transmits, drive transmitter 401 then, drives transducer array 300 again, sends sound pulse in fluid media (medium).In step 708, transducer array 300 receives from fluid media (medium) and the backscattered echoed signal of seabed medium, presents to data acquisition unit 403 samplings through receiver 402, presents to high speed digital signal processor 405 again.In step 709,, obtain the fundamental signal of echo to the echoed signal filtering of mediating.
In step 710, speed calculation module adopts conventional coherent pulse to the covariance method computing velocity according to the echoed signal that obtains in the step 709, promptly asks time-delay to be T according to echoed signal
1Related function R (T
1), and by R (T
1) try to achieve the vector and the V of speed ship's speed and flow velocity
SHere, with the V that calculates
SBe called bigness scale value V
SIn step 705 and 706, T
1Be according to the vector of ship's speed and flow velocity and the estimated value V of V
SChoose, because V
ESetting value bigger than actual speed V, make T
1Value littler than its best value, thereby make measuring accuracy not good.Therefore, with the V that records in this step
SBe called the bigness scale value, but this bigness scale value V
SThan estimated value V
EMore approach actual ship's speed and velocity vector and V.
In step 711, second is provided with module according to bigness scale value V
SSecond time interval T between two subpulses of coherent pulse centering is set
2, wherein, T
2≤ λ/(2V
S).At selected T
2After, according to fuzzy speed V
A2=λ/2T
2V as can be known
S≤ V
A2, like this, just can guarantee when velocity survey, can not take place the fuzzy of phase place.Particularly, because bigness scale value V
SCan reflect ship's speed and this basin flow rate conditions basically, therefore, select T
2The time, that then can under the situation that phase ambiguity do not occur it be selected as far as possible is bigger, thereby improves measuring accuracy.Preferred in practical operation
0.9λ/(2V
S)≤T
2≤λ/(2V
S)， (3)
For example, the bigness scale value V that records in step 710
SBe 2.1m/s, when λ is 5cm, T
2Should satisfy T
2≤ 1.19ms, preferred 1.07ms≤T
2≤ 1.19ms.
At last, return step 707, according to second time interval T between two definite subpulses of step 711
2Repeat step 707～710, obtain last ship's speed and velocity vector and accurate measurement value V
PAccording to the accurate ship's speed of outer input, obtain flow velocity V accurately again
c
The data of temperature sensor 501 and attitude sensor 502 can also be presented the computing machine to PC104 through sonar primary controller 405 at last, present again, merge the data of gyro compass 602, provide corrected flow speed data to terminal computer 601.
Sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument is contained in when measuring on the carrier of navigation, under operating distance of demarcating and total accuracy of sounding, adopts method of the present invention can avoid taking place phase ambiguity.
In addition, in the ordinary course of things, the speed of carrier is a large amount of and flow velocity is in a small amount, so second time interval T that obtains in the method for the invention
2Depend mainly on ship's speed.On the other hand, because the speed of a ship or plane (being ship's speed) of carrier is generally to be constant, so T
2Be stable in considerable time.Like this, can be in considerable time according to second time interval T
2Launch same signal, this provides convenience for Data Post.
The measure of taking in the method for the present invention of avoiding phase ambiguity also is applicable to the carrier of anchor system, especially in the bigger waters of flow velocity.
Claims (4)
1, the method for a kind of Doppler's ocean current profile instrument measurement ocean current profile flow velocity, sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument is loaded on the carrier, comprises the steps:
(1) estimates the vector of a ship's speed and flow velocity and the estimated value V of V
E, this estimated value V
EVector and V greater than real ship's speed and flow velocity;
(2) according to estimated value V
EVery first time interval T between two subpulses of coherent pulse centering is set
1, wherein, T
1≤ λ/(2V
E), λ is the wavelength of the work centre frequency correspondence of section plotter;
(3) according to the very first time interval T in the step (2)
1Select coherent pulse to launching code, sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument is launched coherent pulse to signal to fluid media (medium) to be measured, and adopts coherent pulse that covariance method is calculated the vector of ship's speed and flow velocity and the bigness scale value V of V according to echoed signal
S
(4) according to bigness scale value V
SSecond time interval T between two subpulses of coherent pulse centering is set
2, wherein, T
2≤ λ/(2V
S);
(5) select coherent pulse to launching code according to second time interval T2 in the step (4), sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument is launched coherent pulse to signal to fluid media (medium) to be measured, and adopts coherent pulse that covariance method is calculated the vector of ship's speed and flow velocity and the accurate measurement value V of V according to echoed signal
P
(6) at accurate measurement value V
PMiddle deduction ship's speed obtains flow velocity.
2, the method for sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument measurement flow rate according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in step (2), and 0.7 λ/(2V
E)≤T
1≤ λ/(2V
E).
3, the method for sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument measurement flow rate according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, in step (4), and 0.9 λ/(2V
S)≤T
2≤ λ/(2V
S).
4, a kind of sound Doppler ocean current profile instrument of implementing the described method of claim 1 comprises computing machine (406); It is characterized in that this computing machine comprises in (406):
The velocity estimation module, be used to store ship's speed default or outside input and flow velocity vector and V estimated value V
E
First is provided with module, is used for the estimated value V according to the velocity estimation module
EVery first time interval T between two subpulses of coherent pulse centering is set
1, wherein, T
1≤ λ/(2V
E), λ is the wavelength of the work centre frequency correspondence of section plotter;
Second is provided with module, is used for the bigness scale value V that obtains according to speed calculation module
SSecond time interval T between two subpulses of coherent pulse centering is set
2, wherein, T
2≤ λ/(2V
S), λ is the wavelength of the work centre frequency correspondence of section plotter;
Speed calculation module is used for the very first time interval T that module is set according to first
1Or second second time interval T that is provided with in the module
2Select coherent pulse to launching code, and adopt coherent pulse that covariance method is calculated ship's speed and the vector of flow velocity and the bigness scale value V of V according to the echoed signal that section plotter is gathered
SOr accurate measurement value V
P
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