CN1628886A - Open overflow weir - Google Patents
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- CN1628886A CN1628886A CN 200310122702 CN200310122702A CN1628886A CN 1628886 A CN1628886 A CN 1628886A CN 200310122702 CN200310122702 CN 200310122702 CN 200310122702 A CN200310122702 A CN 200310122702A CN 1628886 A CN1628886 A CN 1628886A
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 37
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 2
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005501 phase interface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种开式溢流堰，包括有溢流堰板，所述溢流堰板上开设有溢流孔，所述溢流堰板上开设的为一排尺寸相同的等腰梯形溢流孔，所述等腰梯形溢流孔的上底边在一条连线上并与溢流堰板上边缘平行，所述等腰梯形溢流孔的下底长为等腰梯形溢流孔上底长的0.5－1倍，所述的等腰梯形溢流孔沿溢流堰板纵向中心线左右对称，溢流堰板纵向中心线左右两侧的相邻两个等腰梯形溢流孔中心距从溢流堰板纵向中心线向溢流堰板两端等距离分布，溢流孔间距逐渐减小，相邻中心距的比为1－1.2。本发明开设溢流孔，从而推迟降液管扼流现象发生，提高塔盘的液体通量10％～25％；通过设定溢流孔分布，改善塔板上的液体分布，提高塔板传质效率5％～10％。
An open overflow weir, comprising an overflow weir plate, overflow holes are opened on the overflow weir plate, a row of isosceles trapezoidal overflow holes with the same size are opened on the overflow weir plate, The upper bottom of the isosceles trapezoidal overflow hole is on a connecting line and parallel to the edge of the overflow weir plate, and the lower bottom of the isosceles trapezoidal overflow hole is as long as the upper bottom of the isosceles trapezoidal overflow hole. 0.5-1 times, the said isosceles trapezoidal overflow hole is symmetrical left and right along the longitudinal center line of the overflow weir plate, and the center distance between two adjacent isosceles trapezoidal overflow holes on the left and right sides of the overflow weir plate longitudinal center line is from the The longitudinal center line of the weir plate is equidistantly distributed to both ends of the overflow weir plate, the spacing of the overflow holes is gradually reduced, and the ratio of the distance between adjacent centers is 1-1.2. The invention provides overflow holes, thereby delaying the choke phenomenon of the downcomer and increasing the liquid flux of the tray by 10% to 25%. The mass efficiency is 5% to 10%.
Description
(一)技术领域(1) Technical field
本发明涉及一种开式溢流堰，主要应用于炼油、化工、石油化工和轻工等行业的各种板式分馏塔、吸收塔和解吸塔。The invention relates to an open overflow weir, which is mainly used in various plate fractionation towers, absorption towers and desorption towers in industries such as oil refining, chemical industry, petrochemical industry and light industry.
(二)背景技术(2) Background technology
用于气液传质的塔设备主要有板式塔和填料塔，板式塔又可分为有降液管和无降液管两类。传统有降液管塔盘的构造如附图4、5所示，每块有降液管塔盘主要有塔板、溢流堰和降液管组成。塔盘工作时，气体从塔板上开设的鼓泡元件由下向上通过塔板上的液层，液体从上一层塔板的降液管底部流出后横向通过塔板，再越过溢流堰，然后进入降液管，气液在塔板上进行接触传质。为了保证一定的气液相界面，需在塔板上维持一定厚度的液层，常常在塔板液体出口处设置溢流堰。塔板上清液层的高度由溢流堰高和溢流堰上液层高度决定。溢流堰上液层高度由溢流堰的溢流强度决定，溢流强度越大，溢流堰上液层高度越高。溢流堰上液层过高以及溢流堰距塔壁的距离过小会发生降液管扼流现象，导致降液管液泛，整个塔不能正常操作。为了提高液体通量，应适当增长溢流堰和增大溢流堰距塔壁的距离。对于传统有降液管塔板，增长溢流堰和增大溢流堰距塔壁的距离，会使塔板的鼓泡面积减少，降低气体通过塔板的能力。The tower equipment used for gas-liquid mass transfer mainly includes plate tower and packed tower, and the plate tower can be divided into two types: with downcomer and without downcomer. The structure of traditional downcomer trays is shown in Figures 4 and 5. Each downcomer tray is mainly composed of a tray, an overflow weir and a downcomer. When the tray is working, the gas passes through the liquid layer on the tray from the bottom to the top through the bubbling element on the tray, and the liquid flows out from the bottom of the downcomer of the upper tray, then passes through the tray horizontally, and then crosses the overflow weir , and then enter the downcomer, and the gas-liquid contact mass transfer on the tray. In order to ensure a certain gas-liquid phase interface, it is necessary to maintain a certain thickness of liquid layer on the tray, and an overflow weir is often set at the liquid outlet of the tray. The height of the supernatant layer on the tray is determined by the height of the overflow weir and the height of the liquid layer above the overflow weir. The height of the liquid layer above the overflow weir is determined by the overflow strength of the overflow weir, the greater the overflow strength, the higher the height of the liquid layer above the overflow weir. If the liquid layer on the overflow weir is too high and the distance between the overflow weir and the tower wall is too small, the downcomer choke phenomenon will occur, resulting in flooding of the downcomer, and the whole tower cannot operate normally. In order to improve the liquid flux, the overflow weir should be appropriately increased and the distance between the overflow weir and the tower wall should be increased. For traditional downcomer trays, increasing the overflow weir and increasing the distance between the overflow weir and the tower wall will reduce the bubbling area of the tray and reduce the ability of gas to pass through the tray.
多溢流降液管塔板和矩形降液管塔板通过增加溢流堰来使塔盘的溢流堰成倍增长，降低溢流堰的溢流强度达到扩大液体通量的目的，但液体在塔板板面上的液流长度缩短，减少了气液在塔板上的接触时间，降低了塔盘的传质效率。专利97107085.7提到一种新型塔盘，将靠塔壁的溢流通道和降液管的横截面由弓形改变为月牙形，其优点为：(1)由于采用了月牙形溢流堰，降液通道所占面积缩小，使非传质区在整块塔板上所占的面积比传统的溢流区面积要小3％以上，甚至达到20％，使塔板的有效传质面积明显增加，提高气体的处理能力；(2)由于月牙形溢流堰和月牙形降液管有一定的弧度，使整个塔板上的液体都均匀地流动，没有“死区”，塔板上液体宏观流动状态处于较理想的“活塞流”状态，有助于提高传质效率。(3)由于月牙形降液管的管尾向塔壁收缩，塔板上没有受液区，增加了塔板的有效传质面积。从有效传质面积的增加来分析，在塔径一定的情况下，这种塔盘的处理气体的能力比传统的塔盘高10~25％。理论上还可得到，这种塔盘由于溢流堰长，溢流堰的溢流强度或溢流堰上液层高度低，但溢流堰距塔壁的距离很近，在较小溢流强度或溢流堰上液层高度时就会发生降液管扼流现象，引起降液管液泛，从而对于提高液体通量效果不明显。通过综合分析，现有技术塔盘，其溢流堰结构很难达到既可以提高液体通量，又可以提高气体通量和传质效率。Multi-overflow downcomer trays and rectangular downcomer trays double the overflow weirs of the trays by increasing the overflow weirs, reducing the overflow strength of the overflow weirs to expand the liquid flux, but the liquid The length of the liquid flow on the tray surface is shortened, which reduces the contact time of gas and liquid on the tray and reduces the mass transfer efficiency of the tray. Patent 97107085.7 mentions a new type of tray, which changes the cross-section of the overflow channel and downcomer near the tower wall from a bow shape to a crescent shape. The area occupied by the channel is reduced, so that the area occupied by the non-mass transfer area on the entire tray is more than 3% smaller than the area of the traditional overflow area, and even reaches 20%, so that the effective mass transfer area of the tray is significantly increased. Improve the gas processing capacity; (2) Since the crescent-shaped overflow weir and the crescent-shaped downcomer have a certain radian, the liquid on the entire tray can flow evenly without "dead zone", and the liquid on the tray can flow macroscopically The state is in an ideal "plug flow" state, which helps to improve mass transfer efficiency. (3) Since the tail of the crescent-shaped downcomer shrinks toward the tower wall, there is no liquid receiving area on the tray, which increases the effective mass transfer area of the tray. From the analysis of the increase of the effective mass transfer area, under the condition of a certain tower diameter, the gas handling capacity of this tray is 10~25% higher than that of the traditional tray. Theoretically, it can also be obtained that due to the long overflow weir, the overflow strength of the overflow weir or the height of the liquid layer on the overflow weir is low, but the distance between the overflow weir and the tower wall is very close, and in a small overflow When the strength or the height of the liquid layer on the overflow weir, the downcomer choke phenomenon will occur, causing the downcomer to flood, so the effect of increasing the liquid flux is not obvious. Through comprehensive analysis, it is difficult for the overflow weir structure of the tray in the prior art to improve both the liquid flux and the gas flux and mass transfer efficiency.
(三)发明内容(3) Contents of the invention
为了解决现有溢流堰降液管容易发生扼流现象的缺点，本发明提供了一种能通过合理分配通过溢流堰各个部分的液体流量，降低溢流堰上液层高度，来避免降液管发生扼流现象的开式溢流堰。In order to solve the shortcoming that the downcomer of the existing overflow weir is prone to choke phenomenon, the present invention provides a method that can reasonably distribute the liquid flow through various parts of the overflow weir, reduce the height of the liquid layer on the overflow weir, and avoid falling An open overflow weir where the liquid pipe chokes.
为此本发明采用的技术方案是：The technical scheme that the present invention adopts for this reason is:
一种开式溢流堰，包括有溢流堰板，所述溢流堰板上开设有溢流孔。An open overflow weir includes an overflow weir plate, and overflow holes are opened on the overflow weir plate.
所述溢流堰板上开设的为一排尺寸相同的等腰梯形溢流孔，所述等腰梯形溢流孔的上底边在一条连线上并与溢流堰板上边缘平行。The overflow weir plate is provided with a row of isosceles trapezoidal overflow holes with the same size, and the upper bottom of the isosceles trapezoidal overflow holes is on a connecting line and parallel to the edge of the overflow weir plate.
所述等腰梯形溢流孔的下底长为等腰梯形溢流孔上底长的0.5-1倍。The length of the lower bottom of the isosceles trapezoidal overflow hole is 0.5-1 times the length of the upper bottom of the isosceles trapezoidal overflow hole.
所述的等腰梯形溢流孔沿溢流堰板纵向中心线左右对称，溢流堰板纵向中心线左右两侧的相邻两个等腰梯形溢流孔中心距从溢流堰板纵向中心线向溢流堰板两端等距离分布，所述的溢流孔间距逐渐减小，相邻中心距的比为1-1.2。The isosceles trapezoidal overflow holes are left-right symmetrical along the longitudinal centerline of the overflow weir plate, and the center distance between the two adjacent isosceles trapezoidal overflow holes on the left and right sides of the longitudinal centerline of the overflow weir plate is from the longitudinal center of the overflow weir plate to The lines are distributed equidistantly at both ends of the overflow weir plate, the spacing of the overflow holes decreases gradually, and the ratio of the distance between adjacent centers is 1-1.2.
所述的等腰梯形溢流孔的高为溢流堰高的0.3-0.8倍，等腰梯形溢流孔的上底长为等腰梯形高的0.8-1.5倍。The height of the isosceles trapezoidal overflow hole is 0.3-0.8 times the height of the overflow weir, and the length of the upper base of the isosceles trapezoidal overflow hole is 0.8-1.5 times the height of the isosceles trapezoidal shape.
所述等腰梯形溢流孔的上底边与溢流堰板上边缘的距离为开式溢流堰高的0.1-0.3倍。The distance between the upper bottom of the isosceles trapezoidal overflow hole and the edge of the overflow weir plate is 0.1-0.3 times the height of the open overflow weir.
本发明的有益效果是：1、本发明的溢流堰上开设有溢流孔，与常规溢流堰相比，有10％~25％的液体通过等腰梯形溢流孔进入降液管，减少了通过溢流堰上的液流强度，从而减小了溢流堰上液层高度，在溢流堰距塔壁或相对溢流堰的距离相同的情况下，推迟降液管扼流现象发生，提高塔盘的液体通量10％~25％；2、对于弓形降液管塔板，本发明若相邻等腰梯形溢流孔中心距从溢流堰板纵向中心线向溢流堰板两端逐渐减小，则溢流堰两端开设等腰梯形溢流孔的开孔率较大，而溢流堰中间开设等腰梯形溢流孔的开孔率较小，可以调整流量分布，增大通过溢流堰两端的液体流量，改善或消除塔板弓形区的液体返混现象，改善塔板上的液体分布，提高塔板传质效率5％~10％；3、对于相邻两层塔盘的矩形降液管互相垂直排列的矩形降液管塔盘，由于液体流到溢流堰中部至溢流堰两端的流程逐渐增长，越过溢流堰的液体在板上的停留时间从溢流堰中部至溢流堰两端亦逐渐增长，影响塔板传质效率。由于本发明溢流堰中部至溢流堰两端溢流堰上开设的等腰梯形溢流孔的开孔率逐渐增大，流过溢流堰的液体从溢流堰中部至两端逐渐增大，改善板上液体的时间停留分布，提高塔板传质效率5％~10％；4、由于本发明的溢流堰上开设有等腰梯形溢流孔分流液体，溢流堰上液层高度降低，在相同液体通量时，可以缩短溢流堰长，降低降液通道面积，增大鼓泡面积，提高气体处理能力和塔盘传质效率；5、本发明结构简单，制作方便，操作性能可靠。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The overflow weir of the present invention is provided with an overflow hole, compared with the conventional overflow weir, 10% to 25% of the liquid enters the downcomer through the isosceles trapezoidal overflow hole, Reduce the intensity of the liquid flow through the overflow weir, thereby reducing the height of the liquid layer on the overflow weir, and delay the choke phenomenon of the downcomer when the distance between the overflow weir and the tower wall or the relative overflow weir is the same 2. For bow-shaped downcomer trays, if the center distance of adjacent isosceles trapezoidal overflow holes in the present invention is from the longitudinal center line of the overflow weir plate to the overflow weir If the two ends of the plate gradually decrease, the opening ratio of the isosceles trapezoidal overflow holes at the two ends of the overflow weir is relatively large, while the opening ratio of the isosceles trapezoidal overflow holes in the middle of the overflow weir is small, and the flow distribution can be adjusted , increase the liquid flow through the two ends of the overflow weir, improve or eliminate the liquid back-mixing phenomenon in the arcuate area of the tray, improve the liquid distribution on the tray, and increase the mass transfer efficiency of the tray by 5% to 10%; 3. For adjacent The rectangular downcomer trays of the two-layer trays are arranged vertically to each other. As the liquid flows from the middle of the overflow weir to the two ends of the overflow weir, the residence time of the liquid on the plate increases gradually. From the middle of the overflow weir to the two ends of the overflow weir, it also gradually increases, which affects the mass transfer efficiency of the tray. Because the opening ratio of the isosceles trapezoidal overflow holes offered on the overflow weir from the middle of the overflow weir to the two ends of the overflow weir of the present invention increases gradually, the liquid flowing through the overflow weir increases gradually from the middle of the overflow weir to the two ends. large, improve the time residence distribution of the liquid on the plate, and increase the mass transfer efficiency of the plate by 5% to 10%; The height is reduced, and at the same liquid flux, the length of the overflow weir can be shortened, the area of the downcomer channel can be reduced, the bubble area can be increased, and the gas processing capacity and the mass transfer efficiency of the tray can be improved; 5. The present invention is simple in structure, easy to manufacture, and easy to operate Reliable performance.
(四)附图说明(4) Description of drawings
附图1为本发明弓形降液管的开式溢流堰示意图Accompanying drawing 1 is the open overflow weir schematic diagram of bowed downcomer of the present invention
附图2为本发明矩形降液管的开式溢流堰示意图Accompanying
附图3为本发明开式溢流堰的等腰梯形溢流孔的结构示意图Accompanying drawing 3 is the structural representation of the isosceles trapezoidal overflow hole of open overflow weir of the present invention
附图4为弓形降液管的已有技术溢流堰的示意图Accompanying
附图5为矩形降液管的已有技术溢流堰的示意图Accompanying drawing 5 is the schematic diagram of the prior art overflow weir of rectangular downcomer
(五)具体实施方式(5) Specific implementation methods
实施例1：Example 1:
乙醇-水体系，原塔径D＝1200mm，采用筛孔塔板1，单溢流弓形降液管2，板间距HT＝500mm，闭式溢流堰高hw＝50mm，溢流堰长lw＝848mm。采用本发明开式溢流堰后，板间距、筛孔塔板开孔情况、溢流堰长都不变，将闭式溢流堰改为开式溢流堰，开式溢流堰高仍为50mm，在开式溢流堰的堰板上开设有20个尺寸相同的等腰梯形溢流孔3，等腰梯形溢流孔的上底边为20mm、下底边为10mm、高为20mm，等腰梯形溢流孔的上底边与溢流堰板4上边缘的距离为15mm，相邻两等腰梯形溢流孔的中心距相等。测定显示，采用本发明开式溢流堰的塔的处理能力比原塔提高10.8％，塔顶乙醇浓度由原92.8％提高到93.2％。Ethanol-water system, the original tower diameter D = 1200mm, using sieve tray 1, single overflow
实施例2Example 2
乙醇-水体系，原塔径D＝1600mm，采用筛孔塔板1，单溢流弓形降液管2，板间距为HT＝500mm，闭式溢流堰高hw＝50mm，溢流堰长lw＝1170mm。采用本发明开式溢流堰后，板间距、筛孔塔板开孔情况、溢流堰长都不变，将闭式溢流堰改为开式溢流堰，开式溢流堰高仍为50mm，在开式溢流堰的堰板上开设有22个尺寸相同的等腰梯形溢流孔3，等腰梯形溢流孔的上底边为30mm、下底边为30mm、高为30mm，等腰梯形溢流孔的上底边与溢流堰板4上边缘的距离为10mm，相邻两等腰梯形溢流孔的中心距相等。测定显示，采用本发明开式溢流堰的塔的处理能力比原塔提高24.5％，塔顶、塔底乙醇浓度不变。Ethanol-water system, the original tower diameter D = 1600mm, using sieve tray 1, single overflow
实施例3Example 3
甲醇-水体系，原塔径D＝800mm，采用筛孔塔板1，单溢流弓形降液管2，板间距为HT＝500mm，闭式溢流堰高hw＝45mm，溢流堰长lw＝586mm。采用本发明开式溢流堰后，板间距、筛孔塔板开孔情况、溢流堰长都不变，将闭式溢流堰改为开式溢流堰，开式溢流堰高仍为45mm，在开式溢流堰的堰板上开设有10个尺寸相同的等腰梯形溢流孔3，等腰梯形溢流孔的上底边为30mm、下底边为20mm、高为30mm，等腰梯形溢流孔的上底边与溢流堰板4上边缘的距离为10mm，溢流堰板纵向中心线左右两侧的相邻两个等腰梯形溢流孔中心距从溢流堰板纵向中心线向溢流堰板两端逐渐减小，其相邻中心距的比为1.1。测定显示，采用本发明开式溢流堰的塔的处理能力比原塔提高18.6％，塔顶甲醇浓度由原99.0％提高到99.5％。Methanol-water system, original tower diameter D=800mm, sieve tray 1, single
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2003101227029A CN1299792C (en) | 2003-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | Open type overflow dam |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2003101227029A CN1299792C (en) | 2003-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | Open type overflow dam |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1628886A true CN1628886A (en) | 2005-06-22 |
| CN1299792C CN1299792C (en) | 2007-02-14 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2003101227029A Expired - Fee Related CN1299792C (en) | 2003-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | Open type overflow dam |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1299792C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109173975A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-11 | 燕山大学 | A kind of Novel sieve plate tower tray floor |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3738410A (en) * | 1971-05-10 | 1973-06-12 | Boeing Co | Film evaporator panel |
| SU1660712A1 (en) * | 1988-07-11 | 1991-07-07 | Предприятие П/Я В-8333 | Contact device |
| US5453222A (en) * | 1994-09-15 | 1995-09-26 | Glitsch, Inc. | Contact tray apparatus and method |
| CN1044976C (en) * | 1997-01-31 | 1999-09-08 | 清华大学 | Multiple overflow compound inclined holes tower for distillation |
| CN1103236C (en) * | 1997-05-09 | 2003-03-19 | 南京大学 | Large-throughput plate separation tower |
| CN2669950Y (en) * | 2003-12-17 | 2005-01-12 | 浙江工业大学 | Open overflow device |
-
2003
- 2003-12-17 CN CNB2003101227029A patent/CN1299792C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109173975A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-11 | 燕山大学 | A kind of Novel sieve plate tower tray floor |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1299792C (en) | 2007-02-14 |
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Granted publication date: 20070214 Termination date: 20161217 |