CN1625823A - 激光增益模块 - Google Patents

激光增益模块 Download PDF

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CN1625823A
CN1625823A CN03803007.1A CN03803007A CN1625823A CN 1625823 A CN1625823 A CN 1625823A CN 03803007 A CN03803007 A CN 03803007A CN 1625823 A CN1625823 A CN 1625823A
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gain module
laser gain
laserresonator
beam path
laser
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于尔根·埃哈德
贝恩德·奥齐古斯
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SMART LASER SYSTEMS GmbH
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Abstract

激光器增益模块例如用于医药技术中的示踪和雕刻技术领域以及其他领域中。本发明的目的在于提供一种激光增益模块，其具有简单的机械设计，并且允许同时泵浦激活介质内的几个部位。本发明的激光增益模块设计简洁，并且对谐振腔的其余设计不施加任何限制。至少一个光束控制元件(3)具有分光能力，并且互相连通几个光束路径，在这些光束路径内，通过目标端式泵浦来放大激光辐射。

Description

激光增益模块
技术领域
激光增益模块适用于例如医药技术中的示踪(labeling)和雕刻(inscribing)技术领域以及其他领域中。
背景技术
众所周知，二极管泵浦固态激光器已于数年前在较小输出的领域中替代了闪光灯(flashlamp)泵浦系统。此外，在二极管泵浦激光中，与横向泵浦系统相比，纵向泵浦激光器具备的优点是具有实质上更高的效率且同时具有更好的光束品质。当然，端式泵浦的缺点是输出功率在当前仅限于10至15瓦。有各种途径用以将该限制变换到更高功率。为此的一种途径例如是所谓的紧密折叠式谐振腔(EP 0 401,054 A2)。在该结构中，激光束被极其紧密地折叠，从而适于激光二极管的强烈像散泵浦辐射。当然，该类型的谐振腔对调节非常敏感，并且尚未在实践中得到检验。例如，多径激光系统是另一途径(WO 96/17418)。利用这些系统，能够借助一种简单的机械结构来利用更大激光晶体中的几个热分离泵浦区域。该方案的缺点在于谐振腔长度与输出镜的曲率半径之间的相互依赖。利用这些激光系统，仅能以非常受限的方式产生同时具有高输出功率的较好光束品质。
发明内容
利用一种机械简单的结构，本发明能够在克服多径系统中现有局限的同时，在激活(active)介质内同时泵浦几个部位。该改进是基于这样的事实来实现，即几个光束路径是由一具有分光性的光束控制(manipulation)元件来合并的，在这些光束路径中由于目标端式泵浦会发生激光辐射的强化；由此，取决于每种情况下的结构类型，通过一半反射或波长选择镜、一偏振器、一衍射元件或其他部件来提供分光性。  以这种方式，耦合谐振腔形成于通用系统之中。然而在特定情况下，激活介质中的单独强化会相继发生。与多径谐振腔概念相比，由于泵浦光束和激光束的一般共轴过程，本发明具有的优点是可自由选择谐振腔和更好的泵浦效率。
这里所述结构的实质物理差异在于使用合并的光束路径。先前公知的系统都是基于多重反射，在这些系统中反射的部位在激活介质中被泵浦。在这些公知系统中，激光束与泵浦光束并不共轴，这会造成较低的效率。
本方案的附加特征源于本专利权利要求。
附图说明
下面将基于实施例的实例更详细地说明本发明。在附图中：
图1示出激光增益模块的示意图；
图2示出具有激光二极管栅栏的按照图1的可选实施例；
图3示出集成于激光谐振腔中的按照图1的激光增益模块；
图4示出集成于线性谐振腔中的按照图2的激光增益模块；
图5示出具有薄膜偏振器的按照图1的激光增益模块；
图6示出具有两个时间延迟波片的按照图5的改型方案。
具体实施方式
图1示出以两个激光二极管栅栏来泵浦的一实施例。重要的是该激光二极管栅栏的光被分为几个——在该例中为3个——泵浦光束14(参见DE197 18 933.4)。两个激活介质1和2被泵浦。光束控制元件3在一侧具有半反射涂层(在该例中，R为50％)，在另一侧具有两个分离的区域，分别具有高反射涂层(HR)和防反射涂层(AR)。必须与泵浦区域之间的距离相对应的光束间距，由所用材料的厚度和折射率来给定。相应地，所采用的光束形成光学的耦合元件必须适合于所泵浦的光。
图2示出以一个激光二极管栅栏来泵浦的一实施例。该系统也被设计为用于三个泵浦光束14。仅利用一个激活介质4(例如Nd:YAG)。耦合元件5设计为平顶棱镜的形式。在该实施例中，半反射镜设置于耦合元件5内部。有两个表面具有AR涂层。由于在该棱镜内部发生全反射，一HR涂层在该情况下可省略。如果该光束控制元件由激光激活材料例如Nd:YAG或Nd:YVO4制成，则该结构的复杂性可进一步明显降低。
图3示出图1的激光增益模块在激光谐振腔内部。在该情况下，该谐振腔构造为一环形谐振腔，其具有一光二极管9、两个倾斜镜7、一输出镜8和一倍频单元10。
图4示出图2的激光增益模块在线性谐振腔内部。除耦合元件5和激活介质4之外，在该谐振腔中还设置有一Q开关11，例如声光调制器11。此类型激光可利用于例如雕刻激光器或外部倍频系统之中。利用具有输出反射率Rout的输出镜12在这里并非必需的，因为光束控制元件的有效反射率已足够高。
图5示出以薄膜偏振器代替半反射镜的图1的激光增益模块。该方案造成的事实是，只有未被偏振器反射的偏振态被强化。余下的偏振态在光束控制元件3内部被反射，并且未得到强化。有强化发生的光束路径被耦合，与具有半反射光束控制元件的情形相同。
此外，在图6中，在激活介质1和2的前面设置两个λ/4时间延迟波片13。与薄膜偏振器相结合，这些部件造成的事实是，从薄膜偏振器中透射的偏振态交替地通过两个激活介质中的三个强化区域。
基本上，两种差别很大的类型的谐振腔可由具有激活介质1的光束控制元件3制成。超结构的另一重要特性是几个谐振腔长度同时存在，在该超结构中不同的光束路径被耦合。以此种方式，在整个谐振腔中存在着对谐振条件更大的限制。因此通过适当选择这些长度，大为减少了纵模的数量。对于谐振腔内部的倍频激光，这具有充分改善输出功率稳定性的效果。

Claims (20)

1.一种激光增益模块，其特征在于，几个光束路径通过具有分光性的至少一个光束控制元件(3)来合并，在所述光束路径中，通过目标端式泵浦实现激光辐射的强化。
2.如权利要求1所述的激光增益模块，其特征在于，所述光束路径共轴地延伸至其所属的泵浦光束，其中在所述光束路径中发生强化。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的激光增益模块，其特征在于，全部光束路径或光束路径的各组平行地延伸，其中在所述光束路径中发生强化。
4.如权利要求1至3所述的激光增益模块，其特征在于，所述平行延伸的光束路径组的至少其中之一在公共激活介质中被强化，其中在所述光束路径中发生强化。
5.如权利要求1至4任一项所述的激光增益模块，其特征在于，至少一个光束控制元件的至少一个界面具有半反射性。
6.如权利要求1至5任一项所述的激光增益模块，其特征在于，至少一个界面具有波长相关性，以使不同的波长可在激光增益介质中被强化。
7.如权利要求1至6任一项所述的激光增益模块，其特征在于，至少一个该光束控制元件的至少一个界面具有偏光性。
8.如权利要求7所述的激光增益模块，其特征在于，影响偏振态的至少一个元件附加地设置于至少一条光束路径中，其中在所述光束路径中发生强化。
9.如权利要求8所述的激光增益模块，其特征在于，在所述光束路径中附加设置的至少一个元件是一时间延迟波片，其中在所述光束路径中发生强化。
10.如权利要求1至9任一项所述的激光增益模块，其特征在于，具有分光性的至少一个光束控制元件与至少一个激活介质整体地结合。
11.如权利要求1至10任一项所述的激光增益模块，其特征在于，具有分光性的该光束控制元件同时用作激活介质。
12.一种激光谐振腔，其特征在于，至少一个如权利要求1至11任一项所述的激光增益模块设置于该激光谐振腔中。
13.如权利要求12所述的激光谐振腔，其特征在于，强化器支路中的不同谐振腔长度导致单纵模操作。
14.如权利要求12所述的激光谐振腔，其特征在于，在该谐振腔内部发生频率倍增。
15.如权利要求12所述的激光谐振腔，其特征在于，该谐振腔是被动式地Q开关的。
16.如权利要求12所述的激光谐振腔，其特征在于，该谐振腔是主动式地Q开关的。
17.如权利要求15至16任一项所述的激光谐振腔，其特征在于，该光束控制元件(3)还取代该Q开关的功能。
18.如权利要求12所述的激光谐振腔，其特征在于，该激光能以几个波长同时驱动。
19.如权利要求12所述的激光谐振腔，其特征在于，在该谐振腔内部，一个或多个同时生成的波长被频率倍增。
20.如权利要求12所述的激光谐振腔，其特征在于，该谐振腔中的不同尺寸适于这样一种方式，即可主动或被动地将该激光驱动耦合成模式，以生成超短脉冲。
CN03803007.1A 2002-02-01 2003-01-31 激光增益模块 Pending CN1625823A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10204796A DE10204796A1 (de) 2002-02-01 2002-02-01 Lasergainmodul
DE10204796.0 2002-02-01

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ATE363758T1 (de) * 2004-05-29 2007-06-15 Trumpf Laser Gmbh & Co Kg Strahlformungsoptik und -modul für eine diodenlaseranordnung
US7505491B1 (en) * 2007-08-29 2009-03-17 Coherent, Inc. Frequency-converted high-power laser with recirculating polarization control
US9065241B2 (en) * 2012-05-11 2015-06-23 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Methods, systems, and apparatus for high energy optical-pulse amplification at high average power
DE102016108474A1 (de) * 2016-05-09 2017-11-09 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Festkörper, Laserverstärkungssystem und Festkörperlaser

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US5132977A (en) * 1989-09-07 1992-07-21 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Coupled-cavity Q-switched laser
DE4229498A1 (de) * 1992-09-04 1994-03-10 Deutsche Aerospace Festkörperlaser
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DE29816107U1 (de) * 1998-09-08 1999-02-04 Hell Gravure Systems Gmbh Laserstrahlungsquelle hoher Leistungsdichte und hoher Energie zur Materialbearbeitung
US6865213B2 (en) * 2001-03-07 2005-03-08 General Atomics Diode-pumped solid-state laser in a polyhedronal geometry

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WO2003065521A3 (de) 2004-01-29
ES2283765T3 (es) 2007-11-01
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EP1472765B1 (de) 2007-03-28
DE10204796A1 (de) 2003-08-21
EP1472765A2 (de) 2004-11-03
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ATE358346T1 (de) 2007-04-15
WO2003065521A2 (de) 2003-08-07

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