CN1617981A - Compressor unit with control system - Google Patents
Compressor unit with control system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1617981A CN1617981A CNA028278844A CN02827884A CN1617981A CN 1617981 A CN1617981 A CN 1617981A CN A028278844 A CNA028278844 A CN A028278844A CN 02827884 A CN02827884 A CN 02827884A CN 1617981 A CN1617981 A CN 1617981A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- compressor
- transmission system
- power transmission
- useless
- turbine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
- F02C6/06—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output providing compressed gas
- F02C6/08—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output providing compressed gas the gas being bled from the gas-turbine compressor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/08—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
- F02C9/16—Control of working fluid flow
- F02C9/18—Control of working fluid flow by bleeding, bypassing or acting on variable working fluid interconnections between turbines or compressors or their stages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
- F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
- F04D17/12—Multi-stage pumps
- F04D17/122—Multi-stage pumps the individual rotor discs being, one for each stage, on a common shaft and axially spaced, e.g. conventional centrifugal multi- stage compressors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/02—Surge control
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
A compressor unit for delivering a pressurized gaseous medium at a variable outlet flow rate to a consumer with a variable load demand, the compressor unit comprising one or more rotors (K; 10, 11) forming one or more compressor stages and configured for continuously operating at high speed thereby delivering a determined outlet flow rate, and a drive motor (M; 19) and a drivetrain component (N; 17, 18) mechanically connecting the compressor rotor or rotors (K; 10, 11) to the drive motor (M; 19), and a waste flow circuit connected to the outlet end of the compressor stage, the waste flow circuit incorporating at least one energy recovery turbine (T) mechanically connected to the drivetrain component (N; 17, 18)R(ii) a 22. 23) and one or more valves (V; 25. 34, 35), wherein the energy recovery turbine or turbinesMachine (T)R(ii) a 22. 23) is configured to reduce the load demand of the consumer when the load demand is less than the load demand of the compressor rotor or rotors (K; 10. 11) of the one or more power transmission systems (N; 17. 18).
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of compressor unit, be used for being transported to and having the consumer that variable load requires with the gas medium of variable rate of discharge with pressurization.
Especially, the present invention relates to a kind of technology, be used to control the output of the compressor unit of the above-mentioned type, the compressor unit of the above-mentioned type comprises one or more compressor drums, and is used to provide the continuous high speed of this compressor drum or a plurality of rotors and the control system of the output flow determined.The purpose of this technology is responsive for the quick variation maintenance of the load request of consumer, and too much pressure medium can not dumped or is discharged in the atmosphere.Load request can change in second widely part.
For example, if operate off and on the speed that reduces, the typical feature of turbocompressor is that their relatively slow acceleration and pressure increase.This means in such compressor speed adjustment and can not control output flow and load request increase is fast kept suitable sensitivity in good mode.A kind of mode that addresses this problem may be to use the pressure medium reservoir of a constant volume, the quantity delivered of the medium that is used for keep-uping pressure during the acceleration of this compressor drum or a plurality of rotors order.The if there is no free space of enough big reservoir, the another kind of mode that solves sensitivity problem are to operate this compressor drum or a plurality of rotor at a high speed continuously with what have a high output flow.This technology is known in prior art system and device, can optimize the design of this compressor drum or a plurality of rotors for concrete velocity level on the one hand, and very high efficient is provided.Require and too much pressure medium must be dumped or be discharged in the atmosphere according to partial load on the other hand, this means high power consumption penalty and, therefore, the whole efficiency of compressor unit is lower.
In U.S. Patent No. 4,809, the gas turbine that is driven by such turbo compressor unit is disclosed in 497.Receptance is to carry whole output flows apace preferably in order to have, and this compressor is operated at full speed continuously, and too much flow is dumped the decline of the load request that satisfies consumer in the atmosphere by opening by-pass line.Provide this flow dump device and be used to prevent to impact the risk of harm with consequential compressor.Yet, when operating gas turbine, dump too much air in atmosphere through by-pass line in the ceiling capacity mode, mean the unnecessary loss of energy and the relatively poor efficient of compressor unit.
In U.S. Patent No. 5,117, the gas turbine that is driven by turbocompressor is disclosed in 625, this turbocompressor is used for carrying pressurized air by the venting line of expection when needed.Yet, be mechanically connected to another load of forms such as generator, oil hydraulic pump when gas turbine, and only need less energy and while only to need under the little compressed-air actuated situation in load, most output quantity of compressor is dumped in the atmosphere as useless stream by the venting line.This means sizable energy loss and relatively poor compressor efficiency.
Disclose a kind of gas turbine engine that is connected to load in WO 01/27452, it comprises the turbocompressor of partly being supplied with from the exhaust of the recirculation of this turbine.When increasing energy requirement, provide the fresh air of accelerating to compressor, this compressor has a plurality of outlet plugs and is used for progressively discharging the exhaust to atmosphere according to the energy requirement of load variations.Provide an auxiliary turbine in order to reduce energy loss, it is by the exhaust gas driven from the plug in the compressor high-pressure area, and is used to drive the compresses fresh air machine and is used for only when the high capacity requirement fresh air being sent into compressor.When this waste gas recovering device only is used in the high capacity requirement, because turbine combustion only needs seldom fresh air when low load request.This means that most of waste gas is discharged to the atmosphere from compressor when low-yield the requirement, and without any energy recovery.
Main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of compressor unit that is used to carry the gas medium of pressurization, its quick variation for load request has the receptance of height, wherein this compressor drum or a plurality of rotor are operated continuously with high speed and high rate of discharge, and wherein the useless outflow opening of this compressor drum or a plurality of rotors is used to energy recovery when the load request that reduces.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of compressor unit that is used to carry the gas medium of pressurization, it has variable rate of discharge, when this compressor drum of high speed operation or a plurality of rotor are carried high output flow thus continuously, wherein this compressor drum that requires for partial load or the useless output flow of a plurality of rotors are used to drive one or more power recovery turbine, are connected on the power transmission system of this compressor drum or a plurality of rotors to be used for mechanical energy is turned back to the compressor power transmission system power recovery turbine tool.
Other purpose of the present invention and advantage will be below explanation and claim in apparent.
Describe preferred implementation of the present invention below with reference to accompanying drawings in detail.
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the indicative icon according to the compressor unit of a basic embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 has schematically provided the two stage compressor unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.
The compressor unit that schematically provides among Fig. 1, the compressor drum K that it comprises drive motor M and is connected to motor M through power transmission system N.Power transmission system N suitably is included in the rotatingshaft in one or more coaxial parts.Air and discharge pressure that compressor drum K is configured to be provided atmospheric pressure P1 are the pressurized air of P2.Compressor drum K is configured to need be by the pressurized air of motor M with constant speed driving and delivered constant flow.Select this constant velocity level with respect to the feature of rotor K, so that under its optimal conditions, carry out the operation of back.
Compressor unit is used to be connected to the pressure air consumer (not shown) with load request, and load request can promptly change between the whole output flows of the zero-sum of compressor drum K.When consumer did not need the full capacity output flow of compressor drum, the flow that exceeds part was transferred to the useless road of flowing back to through valve V.The useless road of flowing back to comprises the power recovery turbine T that is mechanically connected to power transmission system N and is driven by useless stream
RActual useless flow makes power recovery turbine T
RTo power transmission system N and drive motor M, recovered energy needn't be caught up with the load request of the reality of consumer immediately thus with energy feedback.Therefore, the energy of supply motor M can be reduced to a level where, and just remains on the velocity level of its predetermined the best at this horizontal compressor rotor K.
Useless gas door V is suitably controlled by the pressure of the output terminal of compressor drum K, so that accurately the unwanted flow of consumer is transferred to power recovery turbine continuously.Energy control unit PCU is connected to useless current control valve V and drive motor M, and is used for adapting to the energy of motor M continuously so that compressor drum K remains on the velocity level of predetermined the best.
Drive motor M can be an any kind, electric synchronous motor, gas turbine etc.
The compressor unit that provides for example among Fig. 2 comprises two compressor drums 10,11 that are arranged in series through interstage cooler 12, to form two stage compressor.Compressor unit has the air inlet 13 of atmospheric air and is used for through air-cooler 15 compressed air outlet 14 of compressed air delivery to the consumer (not shown).Consumer can be to have one type that the quick variable load that changes requires between low and high capacity requirement.
Using the reason of two power transmission system of separating is to provide different optimum speed levels for two continuous compressor drums 10,11.
Waste air flow loop process valve 25 is connected to the compressed air outlet end 14 of compressor 10,11, and this waste air flow loop comprises the branch road that is connected to two power recovery turbine 22,23.Valve 25 also is arranged to the gas that the firing unit 27 that is connected to gas turbine 19 is sent in control.The air stream that is transported to firing unit 27 depends on actual load request.The air mass flow that is transported to power recovery turbine 22,23 is consumer and firing unit 27 temporary transient all unwanted excessive off-air amounts.When hanging down load request, a large amount of useless stream that is transported to power recovery turbine 22,23 will be had, so lot of energy feeds back to power transmission system 17,18.Still there is certain air stream that directly enters firing unit 27, is used to turbine 19 that energy is provided, and make spinner velocity remain on predetermined level.
The power transmission system 17 that is connected to primary compressor rotor 20 also is connected to and is used for the motor 30 that turbine starts.Motor 30 is by storage battery 31 or by main the connection providing energy.
In order to obtain the preferable operation of power recovery turbine 22,23 under different flows, these turbo machines preferably have adjustable guide vane 32,33.In addition, each the useless flow that flows to power recovery turbine 22,23 flows back to two valves that separate 34,35 controls in the road by useless.Also can be suitably for the first order 20 of gas turbine 19 provides adjustable guide vane (not shown), optimize turbine operation with the load request that correspondence is different.Correspondence is similar to spinner velocity, actual pressure level P
1, P
2, P
3, P
4, P
5And temperature T
1, T
2, T
3, T
4, T
5, T
6, T
7, T
8, T
9Etc. a plurality of parameters, adjust guide vane 32,33 and valve 25,34,35.Do not provide the sensor of these parameters among Fig. 2 in detail.
In order to finish the suitable operation control of compressor unit, provide a kind of control system 36.For the sake of clarity, symbolically provide control system 36 and do not provided some leads of connected system different piece.Control system 36 itself does not constitute any part of the present invention, no longer further describes at this.
According to the feature of pressure air consumer, can operate above-mentioned compressor unit in a different manner.Consumer should be the type for the very short attention receptance of whole traffic requirements, and compressor when by full-speed operation, and reclaims too much energy through useless stream by power recovery turbine 22,23 the free planted agent of institute.When hanging down load request, waste air flow is very big, feeds back to power transmission system 15,16 and motor, that is, the energy of gas turbine is very high, and the network consumption energy is very low.Load request should be increased to whole flows of compressor apace, and the gas turbine that rotates can be carried whole output flows at once at full speed.
Pressure air consumer should may be used the susceptibility than the compressor unit of low degree at the whole flow of specific delays time requirement.This means that gas turbine 19 and compressor drum 10,11 can be operated with the speed that reduces slightly according to partial load or non-loaded requirement, for example at 80-90% at full speed.Be used for obtaining the delay general weak point very of whole output flows, but will further reduce institute's energy requirement of supply gas turbine from compressor.In addition, the useless stream during partial load will be recovered and be converted to mechanical energy by power recovery turbine 22,23.
Claims (5)
1. compressor unit, with variable rate of discharge with the superheated steam medium transport to having the consumer that variable load requires, this compressor unit comprises one or more rotor (K; 10,11), be used to form one or more compressor stages and be arranged to continuously high speed operation and carry definite output flow thus, and drive motor (M; 19) with mechanically with described compressor drum or a plurality of rotor (K; 10,11) be connected to described drive motor (M; 19) power transmission system assembly (N; 17,18),
It is characterized in that: the described useless outlet end (14) that the road is connected to described one or more compressor stages that flows back to, and be configured for the described definite rate of discharge of at least a portion that reception is not covered by the actual loading requirement, describedly uselessly flow back to the road and comprise that at least one is mechanically connected to described power transmission system assembly (N; 17, power recovery turbine (T 18)
R22,23), and at least one valve (V; 25,34,35) being configured to respond actual load request controls by the described useless useless stream that flows back to the road, wherein said at least one power recovery turbine (T
R22,23) provide power by described useless stream, and be configured to load request during less than described definite output flow with energy feedback to described power transmission system assembly (N; 17,18).
2. compressor unit as claimed in claim 1 wherein is provided with a kind of control unit (PCU; 36) be used to respond actual load request and control supply drive motor (M; 19) energy is controlled described one or more valve (V; 25, operation 34,35), thus according to variable load request with described one or more compressor drum (K; 10, rotating speed 11) remains on high level.
3. compressor unit as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein said one or more compressor drum (K; 10,11) comprise two compressor drums that separate (10,11), described power transmission system assembly (N; 17,18) comprise two power transmission system parts (17 of separating, 18), each described compressor drum (10,11) be mechanically connected to a described power transmission system part (17,18), described drive motor (19) comprises having two turbine wheels (20,21) gas turbine (19), each turbine wheel (20,21) be mechanically connected to a described power transmission system part (17,18), described at least one power recovery turbine (22,23) comprise two power recovery turbine (22,23), each all is mechanically connected to a described power transmission system part (17,18), describedly useless flow back to the road and be branched to described two power recovery turbine (22,23), described one or more valve (25,34,35) be configured for control by described two power recovery turbine (22,23) described useless stream.
4, compressor unit as claimed in claim 3, wherein said two compressor drums (10,11) are contacted to be connected to form first compressor stage and second compressor stage, the described useless output terminal (14) that the road is connected to this second compressor stage that flows back to.
5. compressor unit as claimed in claim 3, wherein said two power transmission system parts (17,18) are counterrotatings.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE0104204A SE521349C2 (en) | 2001-12-14 | 2001-12-14 | Compressor unit with control system |
| SE01042043 | 2001-12-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1617981A true CN1617981A (en) | 2005-05-18 |
Family
ID=20286313
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA028278844A Pending CN1617981A (en) | 2001-12-14 | 2002-12-06 | Compressor unit with control system |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20050118034A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1463889A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2005513328A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20040096502A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1617981A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2470046A1 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE521349C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003052276A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101663488B (en) * | 2007-01-08 | 2012-07-04 | 西门子公司 | Method for operating a compressor arrangement, and a compressor arrangement |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006050943B4 (en) * | 2006-10-28 | 2020-04-16 | Pfeiffer Vacuum Gmbh | Vacuum pump and method for operating the same |
| ITCO20110031A1 (en) * | 2011-07-28 | 2013-01-29 | Nuovo Pignone Spa | TRAIN OF TURBOCHARGERS WITH ROTATING SUPPORTS AND METHOD |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1751851B2 (en) * | 1968-08-08 | 1973-12-13 | Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union Muenchen Gmbh, 8000 Muenchen | Gas turbine plant |
| US4627234A (en) * | 1983-06-15 | 1986-12-09 | Sundstrand Corporation | Gas turbine engine/load compressor power plants |
| US4809497A (en) * | 1983-06-15 | 1989-03-07 | Sunstrand Corporation | Gas turbine engine/load compressor power plants |
| US5117625A (en) * | 1988-05-23 | 1992-06-02 | Sundstrand Corporation | Integrated bleed load compressor and turbine control system |
| US5343692A (en) * | 1989-06-23 | 1994-09-06 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Contaminate neutralization system for use with an advanced environmental control system |
| US5163286A (en) * | 1991-02-25 | 1992-11-17 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Gas turbine engine with free turbine inlet flow control |
| US6282897B1 (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 2001-09-04 | Marius A. Paul | Advanced thermo-electronic systems for hybrid electric vehicles |
| US5956960A (en) * | 1997-09-08 | 1999-09-28 | Sundstrand Corporation | Multiple mode environmental control system for pressurized aircraft cabin |
| US6735953B1 (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 2004-05-18 | Allied Signal Inc. | Turbomachine-driven environmental control system |
| AU1328201A (en) * | 1999-10-12 | 2001-04-23 | Alm Development, Inc. | Gas turbine engine |
-
2001
- 2001-12-14 SE SE0104204A patent/SE521349C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2002
- 2002-12-06 WO PCT/SE2002/002254 patent/WO2003052276A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-12-06 US US10/498,675 patent/US20050118034A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-12-06 KR KR10-2004-7009182A patent/KR20040096502A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-12-06 CN CNA028278844A patent/CN1617981A/en active Pending
- 2002-12-06 EP EP02793607A patent/EP1463889A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-12-06 CA CA002470046A patent/CA2470046A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-12-06 JP JP2003553133A patent/JP2005513328A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101663488B (en) * | 2007-01-08 | 2012-07-04 | 西门子公司 | Method for operating a compressor arrangement, and a compressor arrangement |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2005513328A (en) | 2005-05-12 |
| KR20040096502A (en) | 2004-11-16 |
| SE0104204L (en) | 2003-06-15 |
| SE0104204D0 (en) | 2001-12-14 |
| EP1463889A1 (en) | 2004-10-06 |
| WO2003052276A1 (en) | 2003-06-26 |
| US20050118034A1 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
| SE521349C2 (en) | 2003-10-21 |
| CA2470046A1 (en) | 2003-06-26 |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |