CN1612385A - Optimun operating device for fuel cell system - Google Patents
Optimun operating device for fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
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- CN1612385A CN1612385A CNA2003101067797A CN200310106779A CN1612385A CN 1612385 A CN1612385 A CN 1612385A CN A2003101067797 A CNA2003101067797 A CN A2003101067797A CN 200310106779 A CN200310106779 A CN 200310106779A CN 1612385 A CN1612385 A CN 1612385A
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- fuel
- energy generator
- electric energy
- cathode
- detector
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The disclosed optimal operation equipment of fuel cell system includes electrical energy generator, fuel container, transducer and detector. The electrical energy generator includes anode and cathode. Fuel supply pipe is connected between the fuel container and anode of the electrical energy generator, and fuel recovery pipe is connected between the fuel container and cathode of the electrical energy generator. Air inlet pipe is connected air intake of cathode of the electrical energy generator. Exhaust pipe is setup at exhaust port of the cathode. A fuel pump is installed on fuel supply pipe. Air pump is setup at air inlet pipe. Output end of electrical energy generator is connected to input end of the transducer. A detector in use for detecting power consumption of load is connected between output end of the transducer and load. Control end of the detector is connected to flow control end of the fuel pump. Advantages are: saving fuel and raising efficiency of system.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a fuel cell system, and more particularly, to an optimum operation device for a fuel cell system.
Background
A fuel cell system is a device that directly converts a chemical source of fuel into electrical energy. The core components of a fuel cell system are an electrical energy generator, which generally comprises: a polymer electrolyte membrane positioned in the middle, and an anode and a cathode respectively arranged at two sides of the electrolyte membrane; the anode is also called an oxidation electrode or a fuel electrode, and fuel is subjected to oxidation reaction on the anode; the cathode is also called a reduction electrode or an air electrode, and the oxidant performs an original reaction on the cathode; in this process, electrons are moved between the anode and the cathode to generate electric energy.
The fuel of the fuel cell is hydrogen gas, and the hydrogen gas is generally Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and methanol (CH)3OH), gasoline and other hydrocarbon fuel conversion furnace through desulfurization → conversion reaction → hydrogen (H)2) And the like. Direct introduction of hydrogen (H)2) Fuel cell systems used as fuel are called Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Systems (PEMFCs); thereby introducing hydrogen (H)2) Solid compounds BH formed with boron (B)4Aqueous solution of (containing BH)4 -Ions) is used as a fuel, called a boron fuel cell system (BFC).
As shown in fig. 1, a structure of a conventional boron fuel cell system (BFC) is:
one side of the power generator 2 of the fuel cell system 1 is provided with BH for storing an aqueous solution state4 -A fuel supply pipe 4 for supplying fuel is connected between the fuel tank 3 and a fuel inlet of an anode of the electric power generator 2, and a fuel outlet of the anode is connected to the fuel tank 3There is a fuel recovery pipe 5, the fuel recovery pipe 5 functions to recover the fuel after the power generation is completed at the electric power generator 2 to the fuel tank 3, and a fuel pump 6 for sucking the fuel is provided at the fuel supply pipe 4.
An air inlet pipe 7 for supplying external air is arranged at an air inlet on the cathode of the electric energy generator 2, an exhaust pipe 8 for exhausting reaction gas is arranged at an air outlet on the cathode, and an air pump for sucking external air is arranged on the air inlet pipe 7.
The output end of the electric energy generator 1 is connected with the input end of a converter 10, and the output end of the converter 10 is connected with a load 11; the converter 10 serves to convert the electrical energy generated by the electrical energy generator 2 into an electrical signal that can be used by the load 11.
When the conventional fuel cell system is connected to a load and the switch is turned on, the fuel pump 6 is operated to bring the aqueous solution BH stored in the fuel tank 3 into the state4 -Fuel is supplied to the anode of the electric power generator 2 through the fuel supply pipe 4, and at the same time, the air pump 9 is operated to supply air to the cathode of the electric power generator 2 through the air intake pipe 7.
BH of aqueous solution state supplied to an electric energy generator 24 -The fuel and air undergo a hydrogen oxidation reaction at the anode of the electric power generator 2, and a reduction reaction of oxygen at the cathode, and charges are accumulated on the collector plates by the movement of electrons, thereby generating electric power.
The reaction equation is as follows:
the electric power generated by the electric power generator 2 is converted by the converter 10 and used as a power source for the load 11.
The disadvantages of the above-mentioned known fuel cell system are: the fuel cell 1 always outputs the maximum power regardless of the electric power consumed by the load 11, thereby always maintaining the maximum fuel consumption rate, causing fuel waste for the load 11 having a small power, and not high efficiency of the fuel cell system.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to overcoming the above-mentioned disadvantages of the conventional fuel cell system and providing an optimum operation device of a fuel cell system for automatically adjusting the fuel supplied to an electric power generator according to the magnitude of a load.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the optimum operation device of the fuel cell system of the present invention comprises: an electric energy generator, a fuel tank, a converter and a detector; the fuel tank is arranged at one side of the electric energy generator, and a gap is reserved between the fuel tank and the electric energy generator; the electric energy generator comprises an anode and a cathode; a fuel supply pipe for supplying fuel is connected between the lower part of the fuel tank and the fuel inlet of the anode of the electric energy generator, and a fuel recovery pipe for recovering the reacted fuel is connected between the fuel outlet of the anode of the electric energy generator and the upper part of the fuel tank.
The air inlet of the cathode of the electric energy generator is connected with an air inlet pipe for supplying air, and the exhaust port of the cathode of the electric energy generator is provided with an exhaust pipe for exhausting gas generated by reaction.
The fuel supply pipe is provided with a fuel pump for sucking fuel; the air inlet pipe is provided with an air pump for supplying air.
The output end of the electric energy generator is connected with the input end of the converter, a detector for detecting the power consumption of the load is connected between the output end of the converter and the load, and the control end of the detector is connected with the flow control end of the fuel pump, so that the fuel pump can automatically adjust the flow according to the power consumption of the load detected by the detector and supply the fuel which is adaptive to the power consumption of the load to the electric energy generator.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the detector can detect the power consumption of the load in real time, and the fuel pump automatically adjusts the flow rate of the fuel supplied to the electric energy generator according to thepower consumption of the load detected by the detector, so that the fuel pump has the advantages of saving the fuel and improving the efficiency of a fuel cell system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional fuel cell system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the construction of an optimum operating device of the fuel cell system according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a sectional view of a single cell in the optimum operating device of the fuel cell system of the present invention.
In the figure:
101: the electric energy generator 103: fuel supply pipe
104: fuel recovery pipe 107: air inlet pipe
108: exhaust pipe 111: load(s)
112: the converter 113: detector
114: controller
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an optimum operating device of the fuel cell system of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the optimum operation device 100 of the fuel cell system of the present invention includes: an electric energy generator 101, a fuel tank 102, a converter 112, and a detector 113; the fuel tank 102 is arranged at one side of the electric energy generator 101, and a gap is reserved between the fuel tank and the electric energy generator; the electric energy generator 101 comprises an anode and a cathode; afuel supply pipe 103 for supplying fuel is connected between the lower part of the fuel tank 102 and the fuel inlet of the anode of the electric energy generator 101, and a fuel recovery pipe 104 for recovering the reacted fuel is connected between the fuel outlet of the anode of the electric energy generator 101 and the upper part of the fuel tank 102.
An air inlet pipe 107 for supplying air is connected to an air inlet of the cathode of the electric energy generator 101, and an exhaust pipe 108 for exhausting reaction product gas is provided to an exhaust port of the cathode of the electric energy generator 101.
A fuel pump 109 for sucking fuel is arranged on the fuel supply pipe 103; the air inlet pipe 107 is provided with an air pump 110 for supplying air.
The output end of the electric energy generator 101 is connected with the input end of the converter 112, a detector 113 for detecting the power consumption of the load is connected between the output end of the converter 112 and the load 111, and the control end of the detector 113 is connected with the flow control end of the fuel pump 109, so that the fuel pump 109 can automatically adjust the flow according to the power consumption of the load detected by the detector 113 to supply the electric energy generator 101 with fuel which is suitable for the power consumption of the load.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a single cell in the optimum operating device of the fuel cell system of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, a unit cell 101 in the optimum operation device of the fuel cell system of the present invention includes: a Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA)124, a separator 126, and a current collecting plate 127; the Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA)124 is composed of an electrolyte membrane 121, and an anode 122 and a cathode 123 closely attached to both sides of the electrolyte membrane 121; a separator 126 is disposed on each side of the Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA)124, and fuel and air flow paths 125 are formed between the separator 126 and the anode 122 and the cathode 123, respectively; one collector plate 127 is provided on the outer surface of each of the two separators 126.
The electrolyte membrane 121 of the membrane electrode assembly 124 is an ion exchange membrane made of a polymer material. A typical commercial electrolyte membrane 121 is a Nafion membrane manufactured by dupont, which has a characteristic of allowing hydrogen ions to penetrate therethrough, but not allowing oxygen and hydrogen to penetrate therethrough. The anode 122 and the cathode 123 are a support of a catalyst layer made of a hydrogen storage alloy, and are formed by attaching porous carbon paper or carbon cloth to both sides of the electrolyte membrane 121.
The partition plate 126 is made of a dense carbon plate, and a plurality of flow path grooves 126a for flowing a fluid are formed on an inner surface thereof.
The current collector plate 127 is made of titanium, stainless steel, or copper metal material having good conductivity and corrosion resistance and not causing hydrogen embrittlement.
The following is the most preferable of the fuel cell system of the present inventionThe operation of the preferred operation device is illustrated: when the fuel cell system is connected to a load 111 and the switch is turned on, a fuel pump 109 is activated to start sucking BH in an aqueous solution state stored in a fuel tank 1024 -Fuel supplied to the anode 122 of the electric power generator 101 through the fuel supply pipe 103, an aqueous solutionState BH4 -Flows along a flow path 125 formed on the outer surface of the anode 122 with the electrolyte membrane 121 interposed therebetween, and diffuses over the entiresurface; at the same time, the air pump 110 is started to start supplying air to the cathode 123 of the electric power generator 101 through the air intake pipe 107, the air flows along the flow path 125 formed on the outer side surface of the cathode 123, and is diffused over the entire surface; at this time, an electrochemical oxidation reaction proceeds on the anode 122, and an electrochemical reduction reaction proceeds on the cathode 123, and the electrochemical reactions form a movement of electrons, so that charges are accumulated on the two current collecting plates 127, converted by the converter 112, and power is supplied to the load 111.
The chemical reaction equation generated on the electric energy generator 101 is:
anode chemical reaction: E0＝1.24V
cathode chemical reaction: E0＝0.4V
the total chemical reaction: E0＝1.64V
when the power generator 101 supplies power to the load 111, the detector 113 may automatically detect the power consumption of the load 111, and transmit the detected information reflecting the power consumption of the load 111 to the controller 114, and the controller 114 may adjust the operating state of the fuel pump 109 in real time according to the detected information, so as to supply fuel with an appropriate flow rate to the power generator 101.
In the present embodiment, the detector 113 is provided between the converter 112 and the load 111, but the connection method is not limited to this, and for example, the detector 113 may be directly connected to the load 111 to detect the power consumption of the load 111.
In this embodiment, only BH in an aqueous solution state is described4 -In the case of fuel BFC fuel cells, the optimum operating means of the fuel cell system of the invention are not only suitable for such fuel cells, but also for PEMFC fuel cells using hydrogen fuel and other types of fuel cells.
Claims (2)
1. An optimum operation device of a fuel cell system, comprising: an electric energy generator, a fuel tank and a converter; the electric energy generator comprises an anode and a cathode; a fuel supply pipe for supplying fuel is connected between the fuel tank and a fuel inlet of the anode of the electric energy generator, and a fuel recovery pipe for recovering fuel after reaction is connected between a fuel outlet of the anode of the electric energy generator and the fuel tank; the air inlet of the cathode of the electric energy generator is connected with an air inlet pipe for supplying air, and the air outlet of the cathode of the electric energy generator is connected with an exhaust pipe for exhausting gas generated by reaction; the fuel supply pipe is provided with a fuel pump for sucking fuel; the air inlet pipe is provided with an air pump for supplying air; the output end of the electric energy generator is connected with the input end of the converter; the method is characterized in that: a detector (113) for detecting the power consumption of the load is connected between the output end of the converter (112) and the load (111), and the control end of the detector (113) is connected with the flow control end of the fuel pump (109), so that the fuel pump (109) can automatically adjust the flow according to the power consumption of the load detected by the detector (113) to supply the power generator (101) with fuel which is adaptive to the power consumption of the load.
2. The optimum operation device of the fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the detector (113) is connected with the fuel pump, and the control end of the detector (113) is connected with the flow control end of the fuel pump (109).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2003101067797A CN1612385A (en) | 2003-10-30 | 2003-10-30 | Optimun operating device for fuel cell system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2003101067797A CN1612385A (en) | 2003-10-30 | 2003-10-30 | Optimun operating device for fuel cell system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1612385A true CN1612385A (en) | 2005-05-04 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2003101067797A Pending CN1612385A (en) | 2003-10-30 | 2003-10-30 | Optimun operating device for fuel cell system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1612385A (en) |
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2003
- 2003-10-30 CN CNA2003101067797A patent/CN1612385A/en active Pending
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| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
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