CN1607322A - Heating control method for oxygen sensor of automotive engine - Google Patents

Heating control method for oxygen sensor of automotive engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1607322A
CN1607322A CNA2003101216880A CN200310121688A CN1607322A CN 1607322 A CN1607322 A CN 1607322A CN A2003101216880 A CNA2003101216880 A CN A2003101216880A CN 200310121688 A CN200310121688 A CN 200310121688A CN 1607322 A CN1607322 A CN 1607322A
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Prior art keywords
oxygen sensor
factor
heating
predetermined
predetermined condition
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CNA2003101216880A
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CN1321264C (en
Inventor
权宁洙
尹钟石
辛基夏
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Hyundai Motor Co
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Hyundai Motor Co
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/403Cells and electrode assemblies
    • G01N27/406Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
    • G01N27/4067Means for heating or controlling the temperature of the solid electrolyte
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/1454Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1493Details
    • F02D41/1494Control of sensor heater
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1493Details
    • F02D41/1495Detection of abnormalities in the air/fuel ratio feedback system

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Measuring Oxygen Concentration In Cells (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Fluid Adsorption Or Reactions (AREA)

Abstract

A lower limit of a heating factor for heating control of an oxygen sensor is adjusted on the basis of the heating factor, a P-jump delay time calculated based on an output voltage of the oxygen sensor, and a diagnosis index of the oxygen sensor, and thereby an engine may be stably controlled even if the oxygen sensor is aged.

Description

The method for heating and controlling of the oxygen sensor of motor car engine
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automobile (vehicle).More particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of method for heating and controlling of oxygen sensor of motor car engine.
Background technique
In order to reduce the noxious gas emission of automobile, according to oxygen sensor (O 2Sensor) output signal is carried out the control that fuel sprays.For example, when the output voltage of oxygen sensor was low, promptly when air fuel ratio is low, the increase of the P-hop delay time of fuel injection control made that more fuel is injected and goes into motor.
For the normal running of oxygen sensor, the temperature of oxygen sensor should be maintained under the suitable start-up temperature.Therefore, do not reach in the delivery temperature of motor under the situation of start-up temperature of oxygen sensor,, force to heat oxygen sensor such as after motor just starts.In the heating control procedure of such oxygen sensor, the electric heater in the oxygen sensor has the work of control.
On the basis of the prime power that calculates according to engine speed and engine load, multiply by a feedback factor (calling heating factor in the following text) and obtain oxygen sensor heating power controlling (calling heating power in the following text).Just, heating factor is controlled by P-I (in proportion synthetically) on the basis of the output voltage of oxygen sensor, thus the feedback control oxygen sensor.
In the prior art, such heating factor only is the output voltage increasing or decreasing control simply according to oxygen sensor.
Yet, behind oxygen sensor aging (such as heat ageing), mistake can appear, can't compensate in so wrong prior art.
The exemplary of such oxygen sensor mistake is mistake conversion time, wherein sensor A/F ratio from low to surpassing limit conversion time required conversion time to high status transition or to the inverse state transition.Conversion time, index was calculated with the ratiometer of conversion time and limit conversion time, conversion time mistake according to conversion time index whether surpass a preestablished limit index and determine.
Another example of oxygen sensor mistake is the frequecy characteristic mistake, and wherein the frequecy characteristic of the output voltage of oxygen sensor does not reach a limiting frequency.Frequency index calculates with the inverse that is proportional to frequency, and whether the frequecy characteristic mistake is determined greater than the preestablished limit frequency index according to frequency index.
As a more detailed example,,, found that conversion time, the exponential sum frequency index became very high when heating factor being controlled at low state following time according to the aged oxygen sensor of the relevant titanium oxide type of undocumented test.In addition, in this case, find that also the P-hop delay time becomes a very big numerical value.
Just, after the oxygen sensor heat ageing, conversion time, the exponential sum frequency index can worsen at one time, and the result excessive fuel takes place spray.Yet in the prior art that adds heat control of oxygen sensor, the prerequisite of the normal running of oxygen sensor is that oxygen sensor only carries out minimal heating.
Disclosed technology contents only is used to the background technique of the present invention that sharpens understanding in this background of invention part, it should be interpreted as or think that it is a kind of hint of form, and these technology contents have been domestic those skilled in the art technique known.
Summary of the invention
The method for heating and controlling that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of oxygen sensor of motor car engine, the advantage of its indefiniteness are that the P-hop delay time of oxygen sensor and diagnosis index are reflexed to adding in the heat control of oxygen sensor.
The method of the embodiment of the invention is according to the heating with heating factor Control of Automobile engine oxygen sensor of a lower bound, heating factor is set as a basic value when being included in engine start, calculate the average voltage of oxygen sensor, whether the average voltage of determining oxygen sensor is less than a preset reference voltage, at the average voltage of oxygen sensor during less than reference voltage, reduce the lower bound that heating factor and the P-hop delay time that calculates according to the heating factor that has reduced with according to the output voltage of oxygen sensor and at least one oxygen sensor diagnosis index are adjusted heating factor.
In another embodiment, the lower bound of adjustment heating factor comprises whether first predetermined condition of determining relevant heating factor is met; Whether second predetermined condition of determining relevant P-hop delay time and at least one oxygen sensor diagnosis index is met; Under situation about being met, the lower bound of heating factor is rearranged into described basic value in first and second predetermined conditions.
In another embodiment, first predetermined condition comprises that heating factor is less than the reference factor that is lower than described basic value.
In another embodiment, the predetermined reference factor approximately is 0.65.
Among another embodiment, determine whether second predetermined condition is met, comprise that the output voltage according to oxygen sensor calculates the P-hop delay time; With the diagnosis index that calculates oxygen sensor, wherein the P-hop delay time greater than predetermined reference retard time or oxygen sensor diagnosis index under the situation greater than one first estimated rate of preset limit index, second predetermined condition.
Among another embodiment, first estimated rate is approximately 50%.
Among another embodiment, the method of the embodiment of the invention comprises also whether the 3rd predetermined condition of determining relevant oxygen sensor diagnosis exponential sum engineer coolant temperature is met, with in satisfied the 3rd predetermined condition, under the situation of predetermined factor value greater than basic value, keeping the lower bound of heating factor is a predetermined factor value, is used for a scheduled period.
Among another embodiment, the predetermined factor value approximately is 1.25, and the described scheduled period approximately is 45 seconds.
Among another embodiment, the 3rd predetermined condition comprise oxygen sensor diagnosis index greater than one second estimated rate of preset limit index and engineer coolant temperature less than a predetermined reference temperature value.
Among another embodiment, second estimated rate approximately is 80%.
Among another embodiment, reference voltage is between the high and low zone of air fuel ratio.
Also have among the embodiment, reference voltage approximately is 2.5V or approximately is 0.5V.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing as the part of specification of the present invention shows one embodiment of the present of invention, combines with the word segment of corresponding specification, is used to set forth the principle of the invention.
Fig. 1 is embodiment's the skeleton diagram of heating control device of the oxygen sensor of motor car engine of the present invention; With
Fig. 2 is embodiment's the skeleton diagram of method for heating and controlling of the oxygen sensor of motor car engine of the present invention.
Embodiment
One embodiment of the present of invention are described below with reference to accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, the heating control device controlling packet of the motor car engine oxygen sensor of one embodiment of the present of invention is contained in the heating of the oxygen sensor 70 in the motor 80.
Motor 80 has a sparger 60, and sparger 60 fuels injection in the motor 80.
Heating control device as the motor car engine oxygen sensor of one embodiment of the invention comprises that one is used for the engine speed detector 10 of the present engine speed of detection of engine 80, one is used for the throttle opening detector 20 of the throttle valve opening of detection of engine 80, one is used for the coolant temperature detector 30 of the coolant temperature of detection of engine 80, and a controller 50 according to the heating of the output voltage control oxygen sensor 70 that comes the signal of self-detector 10,20 and 30 and oxygen sensor.
Controller 50 is also controlled the fuel injection amount of sparger 60 according to the output voltage of signal that comes self-detector 10,20 and 30 and oxygen sensor 70.In the fuel control procedure, controller 50 calculates the P-hop delay time, and controls fuel injection amount with it.Such fuel control ejection function of controller 50 can be realized by conspicuous conventional scheme to those skilled in the art.
Controller 50 can constitute realization by the one or more processors that start by a preset program, and preset program can be compiled into each step of the method that realizes the embodiment of the invention.
The method for heating and controlling of the motor car engine oxygen sensor of the embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to Fig. 2.
Hereinafter the heating factor HF of Miao Shuing has a lower bound, is not lower than this lower bound so that it can not be calculated as, and this lower bound can change in the implementation of the method for heating and controlling of this embodiment's motor car engine oxygen sensor.
When motor 80 beginning, at step S210, controller 50 be provided with heating factor HF as a basic value (such as, 1) to start oxygen sensor 70.
Then, at step S215, controller 50 is controlled the heating of oxygen sensor 70 on the basis of heating factor HF.
At step S215, multiply by heating factor HF according to engine speed and the definite basic value of engine load (for example, when throttle valve is opened) and obtain a heating power value, controller 50 is controlled oxygen sensor 70 in view of the above.
Subsequently, at step S220, whether the average voltage of the output voltage of controller 50 definite oxygen sensors 70 is less than a predetermined reference voltage value.
At step S220, reference voltage can be predisposed to different numerical value according to oxygen sensor dissimilar.For example, for titanium oxide type oxygen sensor, its reference voltage is preferably disposed on about 2.5V, and for the zirconia-type oxygen sensor, its reference voltage is preferably disposed on about 0.5V.
Setting in advance between the high and low zone that will be located at air fuel ratio of reference voltage.Such as, when when air fuel ratio is low, the output voltage of oxygen sensor 70 becomes less than 1 volt; And when air fuel ratio was high, the output voltage of oxygen sensor 70 became greater than under 2 volts the situation, and reference voltage level is set in advance a numerical value between 1 volt and 2 volts.
Set like this after the reference voltage level, step S220 can distinguish the high or low state of air fuel ratio roughly.
When at the average voltage of step S220 oxygen sensor 70 during less than reference voltage level, controller 50 increases heating factor HF at step S225, and returns step S215, with the heating of the heating factor HF control oxygen sensor 70 that has increased.The increasing amount of heating factor HF is preferably set by those skilled in the art among the step S225.
When the average voltage at step S220 oxygen sensor 70 was not less than reference voltage level, controller 50 reduced heating factor HF at step S230.The reduction amount of heating factor HF is best among the step S230 is set by those skilled in the art.
Then, in step 200, controller 50 is adjusted the lower bound of heating factor HF according to the heating factor HF that has reduced, and calculates the P-hop delay time according to output voltage and at least one oxygen sensor diagnosis index of oxygen sensor.
The step S200 that adjusts lower bound will be described below in more detail.
At first, at step S235, controller 50 determines whether to satisfy first predetermined condition of a relevant heating factor HF.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when heating factor HF is lower than the reference factor of basic value (that is, 1) less than one, preestablish first predetermined condition.Here, the predetermined reference factor preferably is set at about 0.65 less than basic value.
During first predetermined condition, it is not low that this implys heating factor, and controller 50 turns back to the heating of step S215 with the control oxygen sensor, and does not need to adjust its lower bound.
Be independent of the step S235 that determines whether first predetermined condition, at step S240, controller 50 determines whether to satisfy second predetermined condition of relevant P-hop delay time and at least one oxygen sensor diagnosis index.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the P-hop delay time greater than predetermined reference retard time (such as, 350 milliseconds) or oxygen sensor diagnosis index greater than first estimated rate of preset limit index (such as, 50%) situation under, second predetermined condition.
Therefore, by step S240, controller 50 can be judged fuel, and whether the possibility of the mistake of overspray or oxygen sensor 70 is higher relatively.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the diagnosis index of oxygen sensor comprises exponential sum frequency index conversion time simultaneously.Just, when conversion time index greater than preset limit index conversion time 50% the time or frequency index greater than the preset limit frequency index 50% the time, the diagnosis index of oxygen sensor is greater than 50% of limit index.
As mentioned above, be independent of step S235, in the running of motor, step S240 is repeated to carry out.
More specifically, at step S270, for the fuel control of motor 80, controller 50 repeatedly calculates the P-hop delay time according to the output voltage of oxygen sensor 70, and at step S275, it also calculates oxygen sensor diagnosis index.
At step S275, conversion time, the exponential sum frequency index was all calculated.
By repeating of step S270 and S275, controller 50 can be examined the situation that satisfies of second predetermined condition.
Not during second predetermined condition, it is not high that this implys the P-hop delay time at step S240, and the possibility of oxygen sensor 70 mistakes is not high yet, and controller 50 turns back to the heating of step S215 with the control oxygen sensor, and does not need to adjust lower bound.
Subsequently, at step S245, controller 50 determines whether first and second predetermined conditions satisfy simultaneously.
When step S245 first and second predetermined conditions both or when wherein any was not satisfied, controller 50 turned back to the heating of step S215 with the control oxygen sensor, and does not need to adjust lower bound.
Under the situation that first and second predetermined conditions all are satisfied, the lower bound of heating factor HF is rearranged into basic value at step S250.
Usually, the lower bound of heating factor HF initially is configured to less than basic value.At step S250, such lower bound is adjusted to basic value with increasing gradually.Like this, after step S250, controller 50 should be by a heating greater than the heating power of basic power control oxygen sensor 70.
In an embodiment of the present invention, at step S285, controller 50 also determines whether to satisfy the 3rd predetermined condition of relevant oxygen sensor diagnosis exponential sum motor 80 coolant temperatures.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the 3rd predetermined condition be predetermined to be oxygen sensor diagnosis index greater than second estimated rate of preset limit index (such as, 800%), the coolant temperature of motor 80 less than a predetermined reference temperature value (such as, 85 ℃).
Fall into a trap at above-mentioned steps S275 and to let it pass after the oxygen sensor diagnosis index that includes exponential sum frequency index conversion time, controller 50 detects coolant temperature at step S280, at step S285, it determines whether coolant temperature and oxygen sensor diagnosis index satisfy the 3rd predetermined condition subsequently.
As mentioned above, in an embodiment of the present invention, the diagnosis index of oxygen sensor comprises exponential sum frequency index conversion time simultaneously.Just, under conversion time, index was greater than 80% or frequency index of preset limit index conversion time 80% situation greater than the preset limit frequency index, oxygen sensor diagnosis index was greater than 80% of limit index.
When satisfying the 3rd predetermined condition, the lower bound that controller 50 keeps heating factor HF as a predetermined factor value (such as, 1.25), continue a scheduled period (such as, 45 seconds).The predetermined factor value is greater than basic value.
Therefore, in the scheduled period after step S290, the heating power of the heating of controller 50 control oxygen sensors 70 should be greater than multiply by the value that basic power obtains by basic value.
Therefore, at the possibility height of the mistake of oxygen sensor 70 and under the low situation of coolant temperature, oxygen sensor is heated certain hour to heavens, so that be activated apace.
In an embodiment of the present invention, even oxygen sensor is aging or heat ageing, because oxygen sensor suitable adds heat control, so still can stably control motor.
Below table 1 in experimental result according to the method for heating and controlling of the engine oxygen sensor of embodiments of the invention and prior art has been shown.
Table 1
(according to prior art/embodiment of the invention)
The SWT index The FRQ index The P-hop delay time (millisecond)
Low → height High → low Low → height High → low
Car category 1 ??B1 ??101/53 ??76/54 ??63/48 ??71/62 ?850/617
??B2 ??115/57 ??75/58 ??56/52 ??72/63 ?850/583
Car category 2 ??B1 ??92/46 ??55/33 ??38/35 ??79/69 ?850/569
??B2 ??31/31 ??23/20 ??39/35 ??76/67 ?818/547
Car category 3 ??B1 ??100/36 ??72/27 ??53/40 ??83/59 ?750/497
??B2 ??81/44 ??39/34 ??44/36 ??80/55 ?760/551
For two automobile B1 in three kinds of car categories (being Class1, type 2 and type 3) each and B2, provided the comparative experiment result of art methods and embodiment of the invention method in the above-mentioned table 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, in the embodiments of the invention, index conversion time (SWT index) has improved about 64% the biglyyest.Just, even an oxygen sensor has worn out, also can suitable added heat control and reduce the conversion time of oxygen sensor by it.
In addition, in an embodiment of the present invention, frequency index (FRQ index) has also improved widely.
Also have, in an embodiment of the present invention, the given value of P-hop delay time changes to the 547-617 millisecond from 850 milliseconds of the prior art, can prevent the overspray of fuel like this.
In addition, though do not illustrate in above-mentioned table, also from 600 ± 20 ℃ of levels of bringing up to 700 ± 20 ℃ of the prior art, this temperature is near the start-up temperature of oxygen sensor for the temperature of oxygen sensor.
The experimental result of the method for heating and controlling of the embodiment of the invention and motor car engine oxygen sensor of the prior art has been shown in the following table 2.
Below the experimental result shown in the table 2 be motor adopt aged oxygen sensor and situation about its heating being controlled according to the controlling method of the controlling method of prior art and the embodiment of the invention under obtain.
Table 2
NOx (prior art/embodiment)
Car category 1 Can allow boundary ??0.6
Experimental result ??2.05/0.41
Car category 2 Can allow boundary ??0.5
Experimental result ??0.84/0.17
Car category 3 Experimental result ??1.12/0.23
In the table 2 as can be seen, in the prior art when oxygen sensor aging/heat ageing after, comprise in the exhaust of motor than allowing the more nitrogen oxides NOx of boundary.Yet in an embodiment of the present invention, because oxygen sensor suitable adds heat control, the amount of such nitrogen oxides NOx has reduced significantly.
Invention has been described though illustrated embodiments is thought in above reference at present, but what should be thought of is that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, on the contrary, in the aim of appended claim and scope, various modification variations and equivalent way have been comprised.

Claims (12)

1. a basis has the method for heating of oxygen sensor of the heating factor Control of Automobile motor of lower bound, and this method comprises:
Heating factor is set as a basic value when engine start;
Calculate the average voltage of oxygen sensor;
Whether the average voltage of determining oxygen sensor is less than a preset reference voltage;
During less than reference voltage, reduce heating factor at the average voltage of oxygen sensor; With
The lower bound that the P-hop delay time that calculates according to the heating factor that has reduced with according to the output voltage of oxygen sensor and at least one oxygen sensor diagnosis index are adjusted heating factor.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that the lower bound of adjusting heating factor comprises: whether first predetermined condition of determining relevant heating factor is met;
Whether second predetermined condition of determining relevant P-hop delay time and at least one oxygen sensor diagnosis index is met; With
Under the situation that first and second predetermined conditions are met, the lower bound of heating factor is rearranged into described basic value.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that first predetermined condition comprises that heating factor is less than the reference factor that is lower than described basic value.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that the described predetermined reference factor approximately is 0.65.
5. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that determining whether second predetermined condition is met comprises:
Output voltage according to oxygen sensor calculates the P-hop delay time; With
Calculate the diagnosis index of oxygen sensor,
Wherein the P-hop delay time greater than the situation of predetermined reference retard time or oxygen sensor diagnosis index greater than one first estimated rate of preset limit index under, second predetermined condition.
6. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that described first estimated rate is approximately 50%.
7. method as claimed in claim 2 also comprises:
Whether the 3rd predetermined condition of determining relevant oxygen sensor diagnosis exponential sum engineer coolant temperature is met; With
In satisfied the 3rd predetermined condition, under the situation of predetermined factor value greater than basic value, keeping the lower bound of heating factor is a predetermined factor value, is used for a scheduled period.
8. method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that described predetermined factor value approximately is 1.25, and the described scheduled period approximately is 45 seconds.
9. method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that described the 3rd predetermined condition comprises:
Oxygen sensor diagnosis index is greater than one second estimated rate of preset limit index; With
Engineer coolant temperature is less than a predetermined reference temperature value.
10. method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that described second estimated rate approximately is 80%.
11. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that described reference voltage is between the high and low zone of air fuel ratio.
12. method as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that reference voltage approximately is 2.5V or approximately is 0.5V.
CNB2003101216880A 2003-10-15 2003-12-30 Heating control method for oxygen sensor of automotive engine Expired - Fee Related CN1321264C (en)

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US20050082279A1 (en) 2005-04-21
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DE10361368A1 (en) 2005-05-25
JP2005121005A (en) 2005-05-12

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