CN1599832A

CN1599832A - Earth drilling machine device

Info

Publication number: CN1599832A
Application number: CN02813357.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 尤诺·洛夫
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2001-07-02
Filing date: 2002-06-27
Publication date: 2005-03-23
Also published as: SE522135C2; SE0102373D0; ATE363015T1; SE0102373L; EP1402146A1; DE60220277D1; WO2003004824A1; EP1402146B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a drill and a method for down-the-hole drilling, said drill comprising a central pilot hole drill bit (20), a reamer bit (33) and a guide body (12) controlling said drill and mutually opposite drill pipes, said guide body (12), reamer bit (33) and pilot hole drill bit (20) being formed such that rotational energy is transmitted from said guide body (12) to the reamer bit (33) and from the reamer bit (33) to the pilot hole drill bit (20), but said transmission of both rotational energies does not involve any threaded connection. And a substantially radial displacement between the guide body (12) and the reamer (33). This arrangement also facilitates retraction of the reamer (33) without the need for the pilot hole bit to also rotate.

Description

At the ground drilling apparatus

Technical field

The present invention relates to one and be used for the rig that down-the-hole creeps into, it is used to drill the rock stratum of ground and covering, described rig will be before follow-up drilling pipe hole of subdrilling.

Background technology

Known in the past rig comprises a central pilot drill bit (pilot drill bit), the guide body (guide body) of a reaming bit (reamer) and a described rig of guiding and mutual relative drilling pipe are when having an axial installation site in guide body described in the described rig all working state on described rig.Described guide body is positioned at inside drill pipe and will rotates with impact energy and is delivered to described reamer and pilot drill bit.Described reamer can be positioned at the position with described guide body and pilot drill bit centering, can guide by drilling pipe at the above pilot drill bit of this position and reamer, and get out a hole bigger than described drilling pipe an exercisable position that extends radially out.For example, such rig can be with reference to EP-A-36847 and SE-B-411139.

Under the situation of using this rig, when boring hard ground or fissured rock, for example described reamer inserts danger too tight so that lose described drilling tool sometimes.The where the shoe pinches here is that described guide body will be prevented from rotating with the eccentric pivot hole of jammed reamer with pilot drill bit.With opposite rotation, screw thread will unclamp and separate with drilling rod, just described reamer can not be brought back to the position of withdrawal to be packed up by described drilling pipe.

And, for example in guide body with to support the parts of described reamer being threaded between straight be the weakness of known rig.A known structure comprises a guide body, the axle that becomes one with described guide body and will be connected with a hidden hole drilling impactor.External screw-thread plug of a pilot drill bit drilling pipe is connected with described guide body, and described thread plug is received in the internal whorl hole of guide body, and a reamer is bearing on the described pilot drill bit by an intermediate member rotationally.The most recurrent infringement is that screw thread on thread plug top is damaged in this case.

Some trials have been done in the rig of hidden hole drilling, avoiding being threaded.Describe a down-the-hole drill as EP-A-515538, wherein between the axle of guide body and pilot drill bit, do not use to be threaded.According to this known structure, described rig comprises a central pilot drill bit, a reamer reaches relative drilling pipe mutually with a guide body with the control rig, also has an axle, this axle will be connected on the hidden hole drilling impactor, described axle and pilot drill bit form a unit of one, and described guide body is installed on the described axle so that it can be dismantled, and for example are used to replace described reamer.But according to this structure, the axle of described guide body still is used for fixing the internal thread of hidden hole drilling impactor by an external screw-thread, and this still has possibility that screw thread unclamps takes place, if when particularly described reamer is stuck too tightly.Described reamer is driven by the axle of pilot drill bit.

Known structure (comprising described EP-A-515538) unless the screw thread main cause of unclamping sometimes be described pilot drill bit rotating described jammed reamer on the contrary with the direction of rotation of creeping into, otherwise just can not be retracted.Therefore, tightly blocked or be prevented from rightabout and freely rotate if understand the axle of described reamer and/or pilot drill bit easily, described screw thread will unclamp and cause drilling tool is drawn back.

A kind of structure of down-the-hole drill has been described in US-A-5787999, comprise a guide body, a drill bit and be installed in reamer arm between these two elements, described arm can extend into an operating position and be raised and regain, for example by a drilling pipe.But these reamer arms are more crisp and are damaged easily.And, drilling cuttings, foreign material on the ground are easy to enter into the back or the centre of arm, stop described arm to return the position that it should stop, and drilling tool is lost.And, being delivered to pilot drill bit (shoulder seat) according to the described impact energy of this US manual from the reamer arm, this is undoubtedly a shortcoming when the connection of bearing energetically.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, first purpose of the present invention is not need to rotate the reamer of regaining down-the-hole drill under the situation of described pilot drill bit.

Another object of the present invention is to avoid being threaded.

The 3rd purpose of the present invention is to obtain a kind of drilling cuttings and insensitive rig with operating reliability of other foreign material to entering that down-the-hole creeps into that be used for.

Further purpose of the present invention is to design a kind of rig that parts by closely lacking that down-the-hole creeps into are formed that is used for.

The present invention still has another purpose to be to provide a kind of rig that improves characteristic that has, to remedy when taking place and guarantee improved control flexibility simultaneously on the operating position of described drilling tool and retrieving position blocking.

It is controlled that extension and withdrawal are determined ground.If the hole that the fracture of an axle and described pilot drill bit and reamer leave lifting takes place, their can be caught by the drilling tool that is rotated with the operating position equidirectional.

These and other objects are clearly for the expert, are familiar with in unexpected mode by thinking according to the rig of the characteristic of claim 1 design.The rig of the most preferred embodiment of being invented is limited by independent claims.

Description of drawings

Below with reference to the accompanying drawings a preferred embodiment of the present invention is schematically described, but is not to limit this embodiment, briefly explain as follows:

Fig. 1 represents that guide body in the pilot drill bit of side-looking passes the sectional view of drilling pipe, and the expression reaming bit is at the retrieving position sectional view of described relatively guide body with one heart.

Fig. 2 represents that described pilot drill bit and described extension reaming bit are positioned at the position of work, are lower than the corresponding view of the casing shoe in described drilling pipe aperture.

Pilot drill bit in Fig. 3 presentation graphs 1 and reaming bit are at the sectional view of 3-3.

Pilot drill bit in Fig. 4 presentation graphs 2 and reaming bit are at the sectional view of 4-4.

Fig. 5 represents to have the described pilot drill bit of camshaft, the lateral view of cam and axle.

Fig. 6 is the top view of pilot drill bit shown in Figure 5.

Fig. 7 represents the lateral view of the guide body shown in Fig. 1 and 2.

Fig. 8 is a guide body shown in Figure 7 sectional view at 8-8.

Fig. 9 represents the lateral view of the reaming bit shown in Fig. 1 and 2.

Figure 10 is a reaming bit shown in Figure 9 sectional view at 10-10.

Figure 11 is a reaming bit shown in Figure 9 sectional view at 11-11.

Figure 12 represents the bottom view by the 12-12 of Fig. 5.

The specific embodiment

Fig. 1 represents that drill bit and reaming bit 33 are in withdrawal (inoperative) position.Described guide body 12 (seeing Fig. 7 equally) is connected to a continuous drilling rod by a device in a usual manner in a drilling pipe 13, this device clockwise rotates and is received between described drilling rod and the guide body 12 with the hidden hole drilling impactor of torsionally rigid manner connection or the impact energy of a left-rotating top hammer with what represent in an embodiment with guide body.Described drilling rod and its parts are not show among general type so the figure.Described guide body 12 has a columnar leader 47, and it is installed with one heart and the guiding and the auger spindle 16 in the aperture by described drilling pipe 13 rotate coaxially.As shown in the Examples, by driving the hidden hole drilling impactor, described drilling pipe comprises the casing shoe 14 (casing shoe) of a welding, and it is at drilling pipe 13 inner neck portion 15 and bullports 19 that the leader that is guide body 12 47 forms that form an annular.And described guide body 12 has one and the time leans against the rear shoulder 17 of described neck portion 15 in work, so that the impact energy of a part of hidden hole drilling impactor is transferred to described drilling pipe 13 is downward to drive it.

Described pilot drill bit 20 (seeing Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 equally) comprises that an axle 21 and cam 22 one become a camshaft 42, and a work drill bit 48.Described axle 21 by drill bit plane 23 to the linear measure longimetry L of its top surface 24 (with camshaft 42 together) greater than the diameter D of axle 21.The top end surface 24 of described axle 21 makes form a groove 59 between the upper surface of described guide body lower surface and reaming bit on the other side to accept impact energy and to have such length perpendicular to the described longitudinal axis 16.Described axle 21 has the sliding pin 30 (equally see Fig. 8) of a radial slot 26 to hold a flexibility equally.Described axle 21 is rotatably supported in the centre bore 28 of guide body.Described axle 21 is with the terminal point of a recess 25 as top, and this recess is sealed described axle in 180 degree with parallel described cam.And described guide body 12 has one at its underpart end two parallel plane 27A is arranged, the shoulder 27 of 27B, and its position is as shown in Figure 8.These planes and reaming bit near the bottom orifice in hole 28 two shoulders 36 ', 36 " two parallel plane 36A of (seeing Fig. 9 and 10), 36B is in contact with one another.The advantage of this connection between guide body 12 and reaming bit 33 is very cheaply and easily to replace parts, and described reaming bit is very easy to damage in operation.

The described reaming bit 33 of Fig. 2 be positioned at it the operating position of extension and the design of its single-piece at Fig. 9, expression in 10 and 11.In Figure 10, can see recess 34 and plane 35 for cam 22 dextrorotation (from last) are positioned, the downside that forms should be close to the plane 23 of described pilot drill bit.Have under the situation of left-handed rotation at the probing drilling tool, it is the position of mirror image with Figure 10 that described recess 34 should be positioned at one, therefore also can work when using the drill bit 20 of a same guiding.Figure 11 represents the top of described reaming bit, and it has two parallel shoulders 36, and its vertical surface is parallel to the longitudinal extension of oval recess 37.When described reaming bit 33 was extended, described surperficial 36A, 36B slipped into two plane 27A of guide body, 27B, the motion that makes described reaming bit is radially, by the displacement of the described relatively longitudinal axis 16, described cam 22 moves into described recess 34, from the retrieving position to the extended position.

Among Fig. 1, described pilot drill bit 20, freely hang in guide body 12 by transverse holes 38 (see figure 8)s, this hole is across and into a circular radial groove on the inner surface in described hole 28, and described flexible sliding pin is inserted in described radial slot and rotating 21 is supported in guide body.In an aperture of a described bore hole 38 of perpendicular, insert a tubular pin 31 and be used to pin described sliding pin 30.This pins pin/plug 31 preferably by the low density material manufacturing than fixator 12.Described stop pin 31 is wished by elastomeric material, as chemglaze or thermoplastic polymer (PAG).Used the stop pin 31 of low density material, stop pin 31 is compromised or the danger of deviating from significantly reduces.Therefore this solution principle can be more favourable to the operating reliability of this drilling tool.Should understand the scheme of this up-to-date name and not plan to be limited in only such drill bit, but this principle can be applied to the locking of the interaction parts of other type drill bit.

Should be clear by Fig. 1, at the drill bit

internal center scourway

43,44 is set, its diameter will be suitable for the scour medium and/or the flow of described hope.Described scourway 43 in guide body 12 by and enter a scourway 44 in pilot drill bit 20.Tubular recess 43A and 44A lay respectively at the

scourway

43,44 between guide body 12 and the described pilot drill bit 20 through the zone in.Described recess has basically the same external diameter, can hold with the suitable material seal cartridge 50 made of the material of plastics preferably.Middle part roughly at the recess 44A of pilot drill bit is provided with a groove 44B, and this groove is used for combining with the annular projection 51 of the seal cartridge 50 of corresponding formation.Because like this, described seal cartridge 50 just can be stuck in the recess 44A place of pilot drill bit 20 securely and be fixed.The effect of described seal cartridge 50 is sealed in the top sub in the middle of pilot drill bit 20 and the described guide body 12.Therefore so just can prevent that scour medium from leaking from described joint enters described joint.

As shown in Figure 5, by the seal cartridge of selecting one to have desirable diameter R50, using described seal cartridge 50 is favourable to regulate washing away of scour medium.Therefore described drill bit has the seal cartridge of accepting many various internal diameters, can obtain best washing away rapidly and easily.

According to Fig. 2, described pilot drill bit 20 and described reaming bit 33 are positioned at the position of work.The described casing shoe 14 that has described seat 15 transmits impact energy, described impact energy comes from the shoulder 17 of the back that is positioned at neck portion 15 (when driving a top of use impactor, do not use when actual drilling pipe is inboard to be subjected to guiding owing to having described casing shoe and described guide body 12 to nestle up) axial direction of described drilling rod in described drilling pipe, guide body 12 surpasses the length that distance that ledges casing shoe 14 or drilling pipe 13 front ends should reach the plane 39 from this to reaming bit top is approximately equal to or less than shoulder 17 greatly in this case.When periphery-cutting reamerbutton 49 leans against on the hard basis, downside and described impact energy that described plane 39 is pressed towards guide body are passed to described reaming bit tooth 49, according to Fig. 4, rested on extended position regularly by cam 22 described reaming bits, and, reamer 33 is supported its rear portions by axle 21 and is supported with flute profile (as Fig. 4 and 12) more closely by the hard-metal insert 46 of pilot drill bit at opposition side, thereby a back-pressure of being come by wall of drill hole is provided in hole 28.Prove that by Fig. 6 a plurality of edge teeths 58 of described pilot drill bit 20 equipments are very favourable.

Described reaming bit is outstanding and provide the hole of a circle by rotation with a radius by central axis 16, the diameter that this hole surrounds greater than the outside of drilling pipe 13.Described pilot drill bit is positioned in the recess 34 of described reaming bit by having the camshaft 42 of cam 22 (Fig. 5), and obtains its rotation at the recess 25 (Fig. 5 and 6) and the described support shoulder 18 (Fig. 8) of axle.

Described guide body 12 has axial, preferably straight scour trough 40, it stop at the rear portion between the shoulder 17 and have affact the rear portion as tap 41 and be connected on the inner bottom plane.It comprises hole 28.Described scour trough 40 was blocked before the leading edge of their arrival guide body 12, and the residence stops and a part 27 upper sheds on the plane of described groove.

In probing, the major part of probing work is durable by the wearing and tearing of pilot drill bit, because a zone of this probing is slightly smaller than the internal diameter of casing shoe 14 or drilling pipe 13.Reaming bit 33 is positioned at the extension of just carrying out after the transverse plane of guide body 12 radially in the hole when drilling pipe or casing shoe, the plane of pilot drill bit mounting teeth is forced into ground and its confining force and frictional force significantly greater than the frictional force on the end opposite plane of axle 21, when described guide body and described reaming bit when described axle 21 and camshaft 42 rotate, described pilot drill bit maintenance stable state.The longitudinal end of described cam 22 enters at the hole 37 that overlaps and the end position of recess 34.The back of described cam 22 forms a camshaft 42, and it leans against opposite end, hole 37, prevents the motion that described reaming bit vibrates in operation.When described reaming bit 33 is regained, the direction of rotating is inverted and repeats above-mentioned radial motion by described reaming bit, its described shoulder 36 ', 36 " slide; make slip plane 36A; 36B leans against the parallel plane 27A of guide body, on the 27B, guarantee the withdrawal of described reaming bit and maintain on the position according to Fig. 3.

Described scour medium, the venthole that can comprise the hidden hole drilling impactor, be fed to the path 43 (Fig. 7) of guide body and the path 44 that process is advanced forward into pilot drill bit by drilling rod, it is opened through the path arm, enter the opening 45 of camshaft 43 and cam 22 respectively on the one hand, and enter the front surface of the pilot drill bit that tooth is installed on the other hand.Described guide body has the hole 28 of outlet opening 41 near basal surface.As mentioned above, a plurality of scour holes 45 are arranged on the pilot drill bit with cam 44, these holes radially enter camshaft 42 and cam 22, for recess 34 provides a great pressure, prevent that drilling cuttings and other foreign material from entering.Described scour medium is partly flowed out by the transverse plane 35 of reaming bit.

Very clear by top description meeting, improved the design of the rig that is used for the hidden hole drilling impactor, wherein can be fully without thread connecting mode.It has provided the level of the operating reliability that reaches of failing up to now.And, from the guide body to the reaming bit, reach and get into the pilot drill bit transferring power continuously from fraising, mean that described reaming bit can rotate half-turn and regain and rotate without pilot drill bit.This facility is guaranteed the withdrawal of reaming bit under a crowded operating position, because according to driving reaming bit by pilot drill bit in the prior art, and it is impossible up to now.

Should be appreciated that top description only is a preferred embodiment and still has a plurality of improved space that falls in the claim scope for the expert.According to the above embodiments, should be noted that the drill bit 48 of described axle 21 and operation is a unit of one.But, in framework of the present invention, can allow described axle and drill bit separate, but be connected to each other, for example by the molecule connected mode with the rigidity torsional mode.And, should be understood that the

connection

27,36 between guide body and reaming bit 33 can be with opposite mode, make reaming bit 33 replace guide body 12 that the center shoulder is set and the shoulder of two lateral arrangement is set on guide body 12.The seal cartridge 50 that should know each recess that is arranged in scourway is dispensable.Under situation about determining, can wish as only on pilot drill bit 20, arranging recess, or even not want recess, and only use groove on pilot hole 20 or other device that is fit to keep described lining in location, place, junction surface.Also have, should be appreciated that and to use another to be slidingly connected 30 that for example diameter is suitable for the ball of groove 26,38.Can understand that also scour hole 41 can be placed on many planes and plane not just described above, be placed down in situation about determining that to be higher than lining 50 more favourable.

The displacement that also will be appreciated that reaming bit neither be along a straight slip plane, also can reach a definite scope through the slip plane of a bending with respect to the reaming bit 33 of guide body 12, a definite rotation, but this displacement still will be thought substantially radially described relatively guide body.And, should be understood that according to basic principle of the present invention and can use equally on being threaded of transmission of power.

Described summary also is an integral part of this manual.

Claims

1. be used for the rig that down-the-hole creeps into, wherein rig will bore a hole before in following casing tube (13), described rig comprises a central pilot drill bit (20), the guide body (12) and the drilling pipe of a reamer (33) and a described rig of control, it is characterized in that: described guide body (12), reamer (33) and pilot drill bit (20) form and make rotational energy be transmitted to reamer (33) and from reamer (33) to pilot drill bit (20) by described guide body (12), and make one of between guide body (12) and reamer (33) existence radially displacement basically.

2. rig according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described guide body (12) has at least one slip plane (27A; 27B), described reamer (33) has at least one and has slidingsurface (36A; Shoulder 36B) (36 '; 36 ") lean against described slip plane (27A to lean against at least in part and to slide; 27B), thus make by described slip plane (27A; 27B) and slidingsurface (36A; Interaction 36B) is delivered to described reamer with the rotational motion of guide body, and can allow mutual slip radially to extend easily respectively and to regain described reamer (33) between described slip plane and the slidingsurface.

3. as rig as described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described pilot drill bit (20) has a radially-protruding cam (22), be fit to hold a recess (34) engagement of this cam (22) in it and the reamer (33), by this way rotational motion be delivered to pilot drill bit (20) from described reamer (33).

4. as rig as described in the claim 3, it is characterized in that: the recess (34) of described reamer (33) is designed to allow described cam (22) and described recess (34) to rotate mutually, when the recess (34) of described reamer (33) around described cam (22) by primary importance when the second place is rotated, reamer (33) extends radially out radially retrieving position of position to from one.

5. as rig as described in above-mentioned arbitrary claim, it is characterized in that: described pilot drill bit (20) comprises an axle (21) that connects described guide body (12) by a sliding connecting device rotationally, preferably with the form of an annular sliding pin (30), make described pilot drill bit when the withdrawal of reamer and extended position rotate, keep motionless respectively at guide body and reamer.

6. as rig as described in claim 4 and/or 5, it is characterized in that: described guide body (12) and reamer (33) roughly rotate half-turn in the withdrawal of reamer with when stretching out.

7. as rig as described in above-mentioned arbitrary claim, it is characterized in that: described reamer (33) has a through hole (37) that is essentially elliptical shape except described recess (34), and described through hole (37) forms a polygon haply (Figure 10) with three limits with described recess (34).

8. as rig as described in above-mentioned arbitrary claim, it is characterized in that: the pressure that described reamer (33) has a plurality of edge cuts teeth (40) and props up these teeth during operation along one on the opposite edge of described pilot drill bit (20,48) more closely flute profile (46) compensate to a certain extent.

9. as rig as described in above-mentioned arbitrary claim, it is characterized in that: the hole of drilling pipe (13) has a casing shoe (14), its upper end has a seat (15), described guide body (12) upper end has a shoulder (17), it leans against on the described seat (15) during operation, and therefore described drilling pipe (13) is driven to down and enters described hole.

10. as rig as described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that: described slidingsurface (36A; 36B) and slip plane (27A; 27B) have same bending respectively, best described slidingsurface and slip plane are respectively straight planes.

11. rig according to claim 1 is characterized in that: wherein said two rotational energies transmission all do not comprise any being threaded.

12. rig according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: scourway (43 is set with one heart at described drill bit internal, 44), wherein scourway (43,44) extend to pilot drill bit (20) by guide body (12), scourway (43,44) is provided with a seal cartridge (50) through the zone between guide body (12) and pilot drill bit (20).

13. as rig as described in the claim 12, it is characterized in that: scourway (43 between guide body (12) and pilot drill bit (20), 44) through the zone at least one recess (43A is set, 44A), best two, (43A 44A) has basically and the identical diameter of described seal cartridge (50) external diameter wherein said recess.

14., it is characterized in that: be lower than the device of the shank (31) of the material that is used for securing member/guide body (12) by a density, described sliding connector (30) is locked on the guide body (12) as rig as described in the claim 5.

15. use rig to bore the down-the-hole drilling method in a hole before at following casing tube (13), described rig comprises a central pilot drill bit (20), the guide body (12) and the drilling pipe of a reamer (33) and a described rig of control, it is characterized in that: described guide body (12), reamer (33) and pilot drill bit (20) form and make rotational energy be transmitted to reamer (33) and from reamer (33) to pilot drill bit (20) by described guide body (12), but the transmission of described two rotational energies does not all comprise any being threaded.