CN1597118A - Quaternary ammonium type anion exchange agent and its preparation method - Google Patents

Quaternary ammonium type anion exchange agent and its preparation method Download PDF

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CN1597118A
CN1597118A CNA2004100415203A CN200410041520A CN1597118A CN 1597118 A CN1597118 A CN 1597118A CN A2004100415203 A CNA2004100415203 A CN A2004100415203A CN 200410041520 A CN200410041520 A CN 200410041520A CN 1597118 A CN1597118 A CN 1597118A
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quaternary ammonium
ammonium type
type anion
preparation
anion exchanger
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CN100381206C (en
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刘晓宁
魏荣卿
王强
欧阳平凯
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Nanjing Tech University
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Nanjing Tech University
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Abstract

A quanternary ammonium type anionic exchanging agent with 0.3-3.9 meq/g dry agent of exchange capacity is prepared through Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction to introduce the alpha-haloaceyl to polystyrene and reaction on amine or ammonia.

Description

A kind of quaternary ammonium type anion exchanger and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to filed of functional.Be specifically related to a kind of have absorption and quaternary ammonium type anion exchanger that exchanges dual-use function and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The quaternary ammonium type strongly basic anionite is a kind of of ion-exchanger.Its purposes is very extensive.In water treatment industry, strongly basic anionite can be used for foreign ion and remove; In catalyzed chemical reaction, strongly basic anionite can be used for reactions such as Michael addition, cyanohydrination, phenolic alcohol condensation; Aspect biochemistry, strongly basic anionite can be used for alkaloid extraction, streptomysin and amino acid whose separation and purifying etc.
The common method for preparing strongly basic anionite will be used raw materials such as chloromethyl ether with strong carcinogenicity or dichlormethyl ether, as, under the condition that the Friedel-Crafts catalysts exists, make chloromethylated polystyrene, carry out amination then and make the quaternary ammonium type strong-base anion-exchange resin with chloromethyl ether and polystyrene reactant.Chloromethylation also exists problems such as polysubstituted and secondary cross-linking in addition, makes the structure complicated of chloromethyl resin, and exchange capacity descends.
(Bayer E such as Bayer; Liu X N; Tallarek U; et al.Polystyrene-immobilized Poly (ethylene imine) Chains--a New Class of Graft Copolymers, Polymer Bulletin, 1996; 37; 565-572.) reported and on polystyrene, introduced acetyl group, with formaldehyde and polyethylene polyamine the Mannich reaction takes place again, obtain the weak-base anion-exchange resin of amination.This method can't directly obtain the quaternary ammonium type strong-base anion-exchange resin, and the scope of application is limited.
(Xu Hui such as Xu Hui; Hu Xizhang; Friedel-Crafts acyl group legal system is equipped with polystyrene type anion exchange resin; the functional polymer journal; 1998.11 (4); 513-520) reported by the Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction and on crosslinked polystyrene, introduced acetyl group, prepared anion exchange resin through bromination, aminating reaction then.This method needs multistep reaction, and the exchange capacity of quaternary ammonium group is not high, and the nitrogen content of actual measurement is no more than half of theoretical value.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has overcome the problem of raw materials such as the chloromethyl ether that uses strong carcinogenicity in the prior art or dichlormethyl ether, and the method that a kind of materials safety, reactions steps are simple, can directly be made the quaternary ammonium type anion exchanger by the acyl group polystyrene is provided.
The used polystyrene of the present invention is by aromatic series mono-vinyl compound (or and non-aromatic mono-vinyl compound) and the many vinyl compounds of crosslinking agent, carries out polymerization (or combined polymerization) and prepares.
Quaternary ammonium type anion exchanger of the present invention has following structure:
Figure A20041004152000051
The exchange capacity of this quaternary ammonium type anion exchanger is: 0.3-3.9meq/g does agent.
Quaternary ammonium type anion exchanger of the present invention can prepare according to the following steps:
(1) preparation of alpha-halogen acetylation polystyrene
Polystyrene after solvent I dissolving or swelling, is carried out the Friedel-Crafts reaction with the alpha-halogen acylting agent in the presence of catalyst.Obtain alpha-halogen acetylation polystyrene.
Described polystyrene can be linear, crosslinked, macropore or gel, the degree of cross linking is 0-60%, particle diameter is 3-1200 μ m.
(2) preparation of quaternary ammonium type anion exchanger
With resulting alpha-halogen acetylation polystyrene in (1) through solvent II dissolving or swelling 1-36 hour, then with amine at 0-100 ℃, reacted 1-24 hour, obtain the quaternary ammonium type anion exchanger.
Described solvent II is an ethanol, methyl alcohol, oxolane, N, dinethylformamide, methyl-sulfoxide, water, toluene, nitrobenzene or carrene.
Described amine is trimethylamine, triethylamine, pyridine or NH 3
The exchange capacity of quaternary ammonium type anion exchange resin of the present invention is: 0.3-3.9meq/g does agent.
Advantage of the present invention:
Materials safety used in the present invention, reactions steps is few, and process is simple, mild condition, aminating reaction conversion ratio height, exchange capacity can be controlled in 0.3-3.9meq/g does the agent scope.Problems such as polysubstituted and secondary cross-linking have been improved.Avoided carcinogenic substances such as use chloromethyl ether, reduced harm operating personnel's health.
Specific embodiments
Embodiment 1
Get 1g polystyrene (degree of cross linking: 7%DVB, particle diameter: 8 μ m) add in three mouthfuls of reaction bulbs, add the anhydrous methylene chloride swelling, stirring is uniformly dispersed it, drips the 0.8ml chloracetyl chloride, feeds nitrogen, stir and add the 1.3g alchlor down, normal temperature and pressure reaction 4.5h.Promptly obtaining loading is the chloroacetylation polystyrene of 4.1meq/g.
Get the above-mentioned resin of 1g in the round bottom beaker, add the 10ml oxolane, swelling 12h adds trimethylamine, stirs it is uniformly dispersed the following 70 ℃ of reaction 3h of normal pressure.Promptly obtaining loading is the quaternized resin of 3.3meq/g.
Embodiment 2
Get 1g polystyrene (degree of cross linking: 7%DVB, particle diameter: 200 μ m) add in three mouthfuls of reaction bulbs, add the anhydrous methylene chloride swelling, stirring is uniformly dispersed it, drips the 0.16ml chloracetyl chloride, feeds nitrogen, stir and add the 0.26g alchlor down, normal temperature and pressure reaction 1h.Promptly obtaining loading is 1.5meq/g chloroacetylation polystyrene.
Get the above-mentioned resin of 1g in the round bottom beaker, add the 5ml oxolane, swelling 12h adds trimethylamine, stirs it is uniformly dispersed the following 70 ℃ of reaction 3h of normal pressure.Promptly obtaining loading is the quaternized resin of 1.4meq/g.
Embodiment 3
Get 10g polystyrene (degree of cross linking: 7%DVB, particle diameter: 200 μ m) add in three mouthfuls of reaction bulbs, add the anhydrous methylene chloride swelling, stirring is uniformly dispersed it, drips the 0.3ml bromoacetyl bromide, feeds nitrogen, stir and add the 1.4g zinc chloride down, normal temperature and pressure reaction 0.5h.Promptly obtaining loading is 0.34meq/g acetyl bromide polystyrene.
Get the above-mentioned resin of 1g in the round bottom beaker, add 5ml ethanol, swelling 12h adds trimethylamine, stirs it is uniformly dispersed the following 70 ℃ of reaction 3h of normal pressure.Promptly obtaining loading is the quaternized resin of 0.33meq/g.
Embodiment 4
Get 1g polystyrene (degree of cross linking: 7%DVB, particle diameter: 200 μ m) add in three mouthfuls of reaction bulbs, add anhydrous carbon disulfide swelling, stirring is uniformly dispersed it, drips the 0.8ml chloracetyl chloride, feeds nitrogen, stir and add the 1.3g alchlor down, normal temperature and pressure reaction 2.5h.Promptly obtaining loading is 2.6meq/g chloroacetylation polystyrene.
Get the above-mentioned resin of 1g in the round bottom beaker, add 10ml N, dinethylformamide, swelling 12h adds trimethylamine, stirs it is uniformly dispersed the following 70 ℃ of reaction 3h of normal pressure.Promptly obtaining loading is the quaternized resin of 2.26meq/g.
Embodiment 5
The polystyrene of getting the 1g linearity adds in three mouthfuls of reaction bulbs, add anhydrous nitrobenzene dissolving after, drip the 0.9ml chloracetyl chloride, feed nitrogen, stir and add the 2.1g alchlor down, normal temperature and pressure reaction 4.5h.Promptly obtaining loading is 5.13meq/g chloroacetylation polystyrene.
Get the above-mentioned resin of 1g in the round bottom beaker, add 10ml ethanol, add trimethylamine, stirring is uniformly dispersed it, the following 70 ℃ of reaction 3h of normal pressure.Promptly obtaining loading is the quaternized resin of 3.93meq/g.
Embodiment 6
Get 1g polystyrene (degree of cross linking: 1%DVB, particle diameter: 10 μ m) add in three mouthfuls of reaction bulbs, after the adding anhydrous methylene chloride swelling, drip the 1.2ml chloracetyl chloride, feed nitrogen, stir adding 2.1g alchlor down, normal temperature and pressure reaction 6h.Promptly obtaining loading is the chloroacetylation polystyrene of 5.0meq/g.
Get the above-mentioned resin of 1g in the round bottom beaker, add the 10ml oxolane, swelling 12h adds trimethylamine, stirs it is uniformly dispersed the following 80 ℃ of reaction 3h of normal pressure.Promptly obtaining loading is the quaternized resin of 3.83meq/g.
Embodiment 7
Get 1g polystyrene (degree of cross linking: 7%DVB, particle diameter: 1000 μ m) add in three mouthfuls of reaction bulbs, add anhydrous nitrobenzene swelling, stirring is uniformly dispersed it, drips the 1.0ml chloracetyl chloride, feeds nitrogen, stir and add the 1.4g alchlor down, normal temperature and pressure reaction 6h.Promptly obtaining loading is the chloroacetylation polystyrene of 1.8meq/g.
Get the above-mentioned resin of 1g in the round bottom beaker, add the 10ml oxolane, swelling 12h adds trimethylamine, stirs it is uniformly dispersed the following 80 ℃ of reaction 6h of normal pressure.Promptly obtaining loading is the quaternized resin of 1.6meq/g.

Claims (9)

1. one kind has absorption and the quaternary ammonium type anion exchanger that exchanges dual-use function, it is characterized in that described anionite is a strong basicity, and its structural formula is as follows:
2. one kind has the preparation method of adsorbing with the quaternary ammonium type anion exchanger that exchanges dual-use function, it is characterized in that step is carried out in the following order:
(1) preparation of alpha-halogen acetylation polystyrene
Polystyrene after solvent I dissolving or swelling, is carried out the Friedel-Crafts reaction with the alpha-halogen acylting agent in the presence of catalyst, obtains alpha-halogen acetylation polystyrene,
(2) preparation of quaternary ammonium type anion exchanger
With resulting alpha-halogen acetylation polystyrene in (1) through solvent II dissolving or after swelling 1-36 hour, with amine or ammonia under 0-100 ℃, reacted 1-24 hour, obtain the quaternary ammonium type anion exchanger.
3. a kind of preparation method of quaternary ammonium type anion exchanger with absorption and exchange dual-use function according to claim 2 is characterized in that described polystyrene for linear, crosslinked, macropore or gel.
4. a kind of preparation method according to claim 2 with quaternary ammonium type anion exchanger of absorption and exchange dual-use function, the degree of cross linking that it is characterized in that described polystyrene is 0-65%, particle diameter is 3-1200 μ m.
5. a kind of preparation method with quaternary ammonium type anion exchanger of absorption and exchange dual-use function according to claim 2 is characterized in that the structure of described acylting agent is:
X is Cl or Br, and Y is Cl or Br; X, Y can be identical also can be inequality.
6. a kind of preparation method with quaternary ammonium type anion exchanger of absorption and exchange dual-use function according to claim 2 is characterized in that described solvent II is an ethanol, methyl alcohol, oxolane, N, dinethylformamide, methyl-sulfoxide, water, toluene, nitrobenzene or carrene.
7. a kind of preparation method with quaternary ammonium type anion exchanger of absorption and exchange dual-use function according to claim 2 is characterized in that described amine is trimethylamine, triethylamine, pyridine or NH 3
8. a kind of preparation method with quaternary ammonium type anion exchanger of absorption and exchange dual-use function according to claim 2 is characterized in that described ammonia is NH 3
9. a kind of have absorption and the quaternary ammonium type anion exchanger that exchanges dual-use function according to claim 1, the exchange capacity that it is characterized in that described anionite is that 0.3-3.9meg/g does agent.
CNB2004100415203A 2004-07-28 2004-07-28 Quaternary ammonium type anion exchange agent and its preparation method Expired - Fee Related CN100381206C (en)

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Cited By (10)

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CN100427203C (en) * 2006-03-15 2008-10-22 南京工业大学 A hydroxylamine type chelating absorption resin and method for preparing the same
CN1978038B (en) * 2005-12-09 2010-05-05 中国科学技术大学 Method for preparing homogeneous-phase anion exchange film
CN101879466A (en) * 2010-07-02 2010-11-10 河南省科学院化学研究所有限公司 Strong caustic anion exchanging fiber material and synthetic method thereof
CN101885807A (en) * 2010-07-09 2010-11-17 南京工业大学 Polystyrene star-like sulfonic resin
CN101274226B (en) * 2008-05-06 2012-02-22 武汉大学 Method for preparing polymer anion-exchange membrane
CN101565481B (en) * 2009-05-27 2012-08-08 深圳大学 Method for preparing methanol absorbing agent polymer
CN105153344A (en) * 2015-10-23 2015-12-16 蓝星(成都)新材料有限公司 Diethylamine anion exchange resin and preparation method thereof
CN105169977A (en) * 2015-10-26 2015-12-23 南阳师范学院 Modified triblock copolymer electrolyte membrane and preparation method thereof
CN105237786A (en) * 2015-10-22 2016-01-13 南阳师范学院 Method for preparing quaternization polyphenyl ether anion exchange membrane
CN105273206A (en) * 2015-11-25 2016-01-27 成都锦汇科技有限公司 Globular alkali lignin amine-mixing type anion exchanger and preparation method thereof

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US4232125A (en) * 1979-02-22 1980-11-04 The Dow Chemical Company Aminoalkylation of aromatic polymers using aldehyde, diacylamine and strong acid catalyst
JPS61117118A (en) * 1985-10-08 1986-06-04 Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd Separation of silver by adsorption
EP1078689A3 (en) * 1999-08-27 2003-02-26 Bayer Ag Method for producing monodispersed anion exchangers with strong basic functional groups

Cited By (14)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1978038B (en) * 2005-12-09 2010-05-05 中国科学技术大学 Method for preparing homogeneous-phase anion exchange film
CN100427203C (en) * 2006-03-15 2008-10-22 南京工业大学 A hydroxylamine type chelating absorption resin and method for preparing the same
CN101274226B (en) * 2008-05-06 2012-02-22 武汉大学 Method for preparing polymer anion-exchange membrane
CN101565481B (en) * 2009-05-27 2012-08-08 深圳大学 Method for preparing methanol absorbing agent polymer
CN101879466A (en) * 2010-07-02 2010-11-10 河南省科学院化学研究所有限公司 Strong caustic anion exchanging fiber material and synthetic method thereof
CN101879466B (en) * 2010-07-02 2012-11-21 河南省科学院化学研究所有限公司 Strong caustic anion exchanging fiber material and synthetic method thereof
CN101885807A (en) * 2010-07-09 2010-11-17 南京工业大学 Polystyrene star-like sulfonic resin
CN101885807B (en) * 2010-07-09 2012-08-08 南京工业大学 Polystyrene star-like sulfonic resin
CN105237786A (en) * 2015-10-22 2016-01-13 南阳师范学院 Method for preparing quaternization polyphenyl ether anion exchange membrane
CN105237786B (en) * 2015-10-22 2017-12-01 南阳师范学院 A kind of preparation method of quaternized polyphenylene oxide anion-exchange membrane
CN105153344A (en) * 2015-10-23 2015-12-16 蓝星(成都)新材料有限公司 Diethylamine anion exchange resin and preparation method thereof
CN105169977A (en) * 2015-10-26 2015-12-23 南阳师范学院 Modified triblock copolymer electrolyte membrane and preparation method thereof
CN105169977B (en) * 2015-10-26 2017-09-15 南阳师范学院 A kind of modified triblock copolymer dielectric film and preparation method thereof
CN105273206A (en) * 2015-11-25 2016-01-27 成都锦汇科技有限公司 Globular alkali lignin amine-mixing type anion exchanger and preparation method thereof

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