CN1596132A - 使用流量计控制系统的收集容器 - Google Patents

使用流量计控制系统的收集容器 Download PDF

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CN1596132A
CN1596132A CNA028236122A CN02823612A CN1596132A CN 1596132 A CN1596132 A CN 1596132A CN A028236122 A CNA028236122 A CN A028236122A CN 02823612 A CN02823612 A CN 02823612A CN 1596132 A CN1596132 A CN 1596132A
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威廉·J·诺伊贝特
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Abstract

一种收集容器(54)，包括适于连接到抽吸管(50)的刚性壁的盒。盒还包括一对电极(36)，电极的位置使电极可电气连接到流量计(34)。在运行时，电极暴露在从手术位置抽吸的流体和组织中，从而流量计指示流体和组织从手术位置流出的流动速率。

Description

使用流量计控制系统的收集容器
发明领域
本发明涉及检测外科泵系统的抽吸流动速率。更具体地，本发明涉及用于外科泵系统的流量计和控制系统。
背景技术
组织和流体通过抽吸管的流动以及流动速率在手术过程中，包括眼科手术，受到关注。但是，直接测量流动速率通常是不切实际的。流动速率一般用于容积式泵，例如，根据泵的旋转或其它间接测量的基于流动的泵，这些泵也常常称为蠕动泵。基于文氏管的泵的流动速率一般不测量或不使用间接测量。
外科抽吸流动速率测量的价值在于，它能为眼科外科设备提供安全控制。在大多数基于容积式的系统中，公知的是流量能够由抽吸泵的循环频率，即旋转速率，进行推断。但是，当泵内具有不同的压力差时，这种推断是无效的。压力变化的出现可以来自于冲洗流体瓶高度的变化、抽吸物粘度的变化、以及抽吸管末端吸着条件的变化。对于公知的基于文氏管的抽吸系统，流量测量先前是不可行的，从真空度大小也不能准确地推断流量。这是因为实际的流动速率随抽吸物粘度和抽吸管的吸着状态而变化。
在先前工艺中，使用传统流量传感器可以测量容积式或基于文氏管系统或任何其它类型抽吸系统的抽吸管的流动速率。这些传统流量传感器包括在存在流体流动时产生偏转的明轮、热丝或其它装置。但是，这些装置将被抽吸物污染或堵塞，不能重复用于不同的病人，从而使用这些传感器价格高。
因此，需要具有低成本流量传感器，它可以便宜地使用到一次性的或可重复的系统中，直接测量流动速率。这种流动测量能产生新的操作方式，特别是对于基于真空的系统。一个这种应用是通过基于真空的泵使用额外控制回路模拟基于流动的泵。
附图说明
图1是先前技术的霍尔效应流量计的电路图；
图2是本发明的抽吸系统的局部剖切图；
图3是本发明中插在控制台中的外科盒的正视图；
图4是根据本发明一个方面的外科盒；
图5是根据本发明另一个实施例的、连接到外科盒的抽吸管的图。
具体实施方式
用于检测导电流体的流量的霍尔效应流量计是公知的。这种先前技术的霍尔效应流量计示于图1。流量计10包括导管12，导管12包括电极14，电极14与导管12的内部是连通的，从而使电极与流过导管12的导电流体16接触。磁芯18放置在导管12周围，从而产生垂直于穿过电极14的直线的电磁场。变压器20连接到驱动器22和振荡器24。电极14的信号被放大器26放大，放大后的信号被送入同步解调器28。代表导电流体16流动速率的信号输出到节点30。
眼科的外科系统可以广泛地分类成基于流量的和基于真空的。基于流量的泵系统在特定的真空范围内使流动保持恒定的或可控的速率。一个反馈或控制回路可以用于保证驱动系统在不同负载条件下的稳定性。额外的反馈控制回路可以存在于电机抽吸管的传感器之间，用于限制抽吸管中的真空度。
基于真空的系统也具有反馈控制回路，其中将抽吸管路中的真空传感器的信号与预定的所需真空大小进行比较。接着将误差信号发送到真空发生器，例如比例阀和文氏管室，用于增大或减小真空度。
在某些情况下，需要通过基于真空的泵系统模拟基于流动的泵系统。这种模拟在本发明之前没有被实践，因为没有实用的装置用于测量基于真空的系统中的流动速率。
本发明解决眼科抽吸流动速率测量的方案优先使用单独的霍尔效应电磁流量计，例如图1中所示的。本发明，如图2所示，其优势在于眼外科中常用的盐溶液是导电的。这样，如果施加磁场，则在穿过抽吸管产生霍尔电压。眼外科泵系统32的流量计34(优选地与图1中的流量计10相似)，包括磁场源或电磁磁体，流量计34使用时连接到一次性电极组件36(如图3-5所示)。控制电子组件38(优选地响应流量计34的输出)，用于控制比例阀或文氏管泵56的文氏管室(未图示)，通过保持流过管路或管50的流体和组织的稳定流动速率评价蠕动泵。优选的实施例表示抽吸管50，但管50也可以是允许流体和组织从手术位置流走的其它通道。
图2还表示与冲洗管42连接的冲洗流体瓶40，箭头表示盐水流入手持器械46的方向。手术手持器械46执行眼48的外科手术。瓶40的流体以及离体的手术组织通过抽吸管道50(优选的是标准的手术管)沿箭头52所示的方向从眼睛48抽走。抽走的流体和组织由收集容器54接收，收集容器54包含在泵56内(优选地也可以使用利用蠕动泵或其它泵的文氏管泵)。文氏管泵优选地是与博士伦公司的Millennium眼外科系统一起出售的相同泵。文氏泵56产生真空，用于将流体和组织从眼48的手术位置抽吸到收集容器54中。流量计34电子地连接(未图示连接)到控制电路38，并电子地连接到抽吸管50或收集容器54中的一个，这将在下面详细描述。
控制电路38连接到流量计34并连接文氏管泵56，用于改变泵56的真空度，从而保持从手术位置抽走的流体和组织的所需流动速率。
优选地，收集容器54是刚性壁的盒，从而盒可以操作，并且在由真空泵56产生真空的过程中不会塌陷。并且，收集容器54，除了本发明中改进的和说明的以外，与目前博士伦销售的盒相似。电极36在图2中不能看到，但在图3-5中的另一个实施例中可以看到。
图3表示文氏管泵56的局部正视图，其中文氏管泵56包括外科泵系统32中使用的收集容器54。收集容器54优选地是刚性壁的盒，适于连接到抽吸管50，并且接收从手术位置抽吸的流体和组织。收集容器54也包括一对电极36，其位置使电极电气连接到流量计34。在手术过程中，电极36暴露在流体和组织中，从而流量计34可以指示从手术位置抽吸的流体和组织的流动速率。优选地，电极36的定位，使电极36在手术中垂直对齐电磁体60，从而形成霍尔效应流量计。图4表示上述收集容器54的侧视图。电极36可以成形在容器54中或通过任何其它的公知方法插在其中，但在任何情况下，电极应该形成对容器54的充分密封，防止流体泄露。
图5是本发明的另一个实施例，其中外科管62本质上与管50相同，但管62包括一对电极64，它们与电磁体60和流量计电路34共同作用，图中表示可以连接到收集容器66。外科管62将流体输送到或输送出手术位置，并且包括位于管内的一对电极，从而在运行时电极暴露在流体中，使电极电气连接到流量计，用于指示管中流体的流动速率。优选地，电极64的位置使电极在运行时垂直于电磁体，例如，如图3所示，从而形成霍尔效应流量计。电极64可以成形在管62中，或者可以压配合在其中，形成与管62的流体不泄露密封。
流量计34提供产生霍尔效应电压所需的磁场。磁性驱动器可以用永磁体或优选的用电磁体制成。优选的是电磁体，从而磁场可以是振荡的。另外，通过旋转固定的圆柱形磁体(未图示)，磁场可以是振荡的。在每种结构中都需要气隙，从而抽吸管可以插入磁场中。一次性的电极64或36必须与抽吸物接触。这些电极可以成形在抽吸管60中，如图5所示，或成形在盒54中，如图3和4所示，或成形在低成本的回流球68中。还要注意的是，如上所述的霍尔效应流量计可以连接到冲洗管42，为眼睛提供准确流动速率的盐溶液。
金属电极36或60与抽吸的盐溶液接触，产生电化学反应，例如腐蚀，由此产生电信号。使用霍尔效应流量计的另外磁场产生另外的电压。这个另外磁场的幅度与流动速率是相关的。与流动速率无关的电化学电压被容易地过滤和消除，因为它们是稳定电流。
这样，这里表示了用于眼外科泵系统的本发明流量计。这种流量计可以用于如上所述的基于流量的泵或基于真空的泵。
流量计34连接到基于文氏管的泵系统的重要应用是模拟容积式泵。流量计34的流动速率输出可以用于反馈控制回路，用于调整真空度。这个反馈控制回路优选地是控制电路38的一部分。这个控制回路包括用流量计34测量流动速率并将此速率与设定的流动速率对比。如果检测到的流动速率低于设定值，则提高真空发生器的运转，产生更高的真空。由此增大流动速率。相反，如果流动速率过高，则降低真空发生器的转运，产生减小的流动速率。以这种方式，利用控制系统设计基于流量的泵的特性，可以使用文氏管泵56进行模拟。具有或没有反馈控制回路，优选的是流量计34检测的流动速率由泵系统32进行显示(未图示)。
流量计34的其它用途是检测阻塞。本质上，检测阻塞是简单的另一种流动速率检测方案，其中当组织阻塞手术装置或抽吸管的尖端时检测到的流动速率接近零(0)。当流动速率接近零(0)时将产生危险状况，例如手术装置的过热或阻塞抽吸管道，快速检测这种状况是非常迫切的。因此，检测到流动速率接近零(0)，可以用于警告用户(听觉或视觉)，系统已经阻塞，或根据检测减慢或停止抽吸。如同本领域一般技术人员应该意识到的，流动速率的检测和报警不需要是零(0)，也可以在零(0)以上某个流动速率，在这个速率仍关心过热的问题。
因此，这里说明了本发明具有低成本抽吸流量计的眼外科泵系统。另外，这种系统可以用于其它的外科泵系统，例如，内窥镜泵。

Claims (2)

1.一种用于外科泵系统的收集容器，包括：
刚性壁的盒，适于连接到抽吸管并用于容纳从手术位置抽吸来的流体和组织；以及
一对电极，电极的位置使电极可电气连接到流量计，其中在运行时电极暴露在流体和组织中，从而流量计指示流体和组织从手术位置流出的流动速率。
2.如权利要求1所述的容器，其中电极的定位使运行时电极对齐电磁体，从而形成霍尔效应流量计。
CNB028236122A 2001-11-30 2002-11-21 使用流量计控制系统的收集容器 Expired - Fee Related CN100479870C (zh)

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US09/997,901 US6634237B2 (en) 2001-11-30 2001-11-30 Collection reservoir for use with flow meter control system

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CN103442744A (zh) * 2011-02-08 2013-12-11 弗雷塞尼斯医疗保健控股公司 磁性传感器及相关系统和方法
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CA2468913A1 (en) 2003-06-12
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CA2468913C (en) 2008-11-18
DE60233687D1 (de) 2009-10-22
US20030101826A1 (en) 2003-06-05
DE60211374T2 (de) 2007-05-24
EP1642604A1 (en) 2006-04-05
ATE325630T1 (de) 2006-06-15
ATE442170T1 (de) 2009-09-15
JP2005515806A (ja) 2005-06-02
EP1448248B1 (en) 2006-05-10
WO2003047652A1 (en) 2003-06-12
US6634237B2 (en) 2003-10-21
HK1076405A1 (en) 2006-01-20
DE60211374D1 (de) 2006-06-14
EP1448248A1 (en) 2004-08-25
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CN100479870C (zh) 2009-04-22

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