CN1593843A - Special type digital control vertical double slide carriage piston turning lathe - Google Patents
Special type digital control vertical double slide carriage piston turning lathe Download PDFInfo
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- CN1593843A CN1593843A CN 03124808 CN03124808A CN1593843A CN 1593843 A CN1593843 A CN 1593843A CN 03124808 CN03124808 CN 03124808 CN 03124808 A CN03124808 A CN 03124808A CN 1593843 A CN1593843 A CN 1593843A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a special kind of digit-controlling vertical double saddles piston lathe. It includes controlling system, lathe seat, chief shaft assembly, and chief electric engineer. On the lathe seat is a standing pole, on the opposite position of which are respectively the left series of rolling idler pulleys and the right series of rolling idler pulleys, the left and the right servo driving devices, the left and the right rolling wire pole assistants, and the left and the right sliding seats. On the sliding seats are the left and the right rolling guides, the left and the right sliding boards to drive the rolling wire pole assistants and the sliding boards. On the left sliding board is fixed multi reamers line servo mechanism and reamer stand. On the right sliding board is fixed eight reamers tower. The invention can be used to finely process raised ellipse piston of better quality, and the three-dimensional exploratory. The invention is advanced and has high process precision, high efficiency, high speed. So it is the key device fitting to 'OhmI, OhmIII limit value' in China, and will be good for the auto industry and environment protecting.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of machining equipment, be specifically related to the two slide carriage piston machine tools of the extraordinary digital control vertical of a kind of complicated surface linear servo multiple-tool block, can be used for the fine finishining of medium-to-high grade middle-bulged varying ellipse piston, also can be used for processing precise 3 D stereo pattern.
Background technology:
Because the enhancing of social enviroment protection consciousness, automobile exhaust emission standard both domestic and external is strict day by day, China " light-duty vehicle pollutant limit value and measuring method (I) " emission limit is equivalent to Europe I limit value at present, will carry out Europe II limit value soon, Europe III limit value will be implemented in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou in 2005.
The performance requirement of automobile engine improves day by day, piston is the key component in the engine, the cylindrical of novel piston has not been a simple face of cylinder, but be designed to specific shape line, to the skirt section, its cross sectional shape and size are gradual changes from piston crown, ring bank portion, pin-and-hole portion, the face of cylinder, taper seat, ellipse, asymmetric ellipse are arranged or become ellipse etc., be a complex set of 3-D graphic, this class irregular excircle can not be processed with common numerically controlled lathe.
The critical structures key element outer ring line of piston and the shape and the position accuracy demand of annular groove improve day by day, and at present domestic mainly is to take measures on technological process and frock clamp, and this can not adapt to the trend requirement of piston process technology progress.
This class problem is also being studied by domestic some universities and colleges (as Tsing-Hua University, University of Science and Technology for National Defence, Shanghai Communications University, Xi'an etc.) and scientific research institution in the recent period, but mature technique still is rare, does not reach the industrial applications level.
Summary of the invention:
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: solve the engine piston irregular excircle can not with centre numerically controlled lathe process and adopt multiple devices, multiple working procedure technological process and repeatedly frock clamp process, error is big, precision is low, efficient is slow, can not adapt to the problem of piston technological progress and environmental protection requirement; And provide a kind of and can and be used for accurate 3 D stereo pattern processing, machining accuracy height in turning outside piston shape face, end face, annular groove, the medium-to-high grade middle-bulged varying ellipse piston fine finishining of realization in clamping, speed is fast, efficient is high, the two slide carriage piston machine tools of extraordinary digital control vertical multiple functional, advanced technology.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: the two slide carriage piston machine tools of this extraordinary digital control vertical, has control system, base and the main shaft assembly that is fixed on the base, main motor, on base, be fixed with column, symmetric arrangement has a left side on the column, right two groups of rolling guides, a left side, right slide motion servo drive unit, a left side, on right two groups of rolling guides left slide and right slide are housed respectively, left side slide motion servo drive unit, moving screw pair rolls left, left side slide connects transmission successively, right slide motion servo drive unit, right rolling lead screw pair, right slide connects transmission successively, on the slide of a left side left slide carriage rolling guide is housed, left side slide carriage motion servo motor, left side slide carriage is contained on the left slide carriage rolling guide, left side slide carriage motion servo motor, left side slide carriage rolling lead screw pair, left side slide carriage connects transmission successively, on the slide carriage of a left side multitool linear servo mechanism is housed, multitool linear servo mechanism front-end configuration the automatic tool changer multiple-tool block, on the right slide right slide carriage rolling guide is housed, right slide carriage motion servo motor, right slide carriage is contained on the right slide carriage rolling guide, right slide carriage motion servo motor, right slide carriage rolling lead screw pair, right slide carriage connects transmission successively, and the cutter tower is installed on the right slide carriage.
In the technique scheme, left and right air-pressure balancing device is installed also on the column, the balance cylinder of left and right air-pressure balancing device is connected with left and right slide by sprocket wheel, chain respectively.
In the technique scheme, the vertical base middle part that is installed in of main shaft assembly, the employing variable-frequency motor drives, stepless speed regulation, sectional fixture on the main shaft upper flanges dish, main shaft tail end configuration codes device, also be provided with the rotary cylinder that the tension piston is used, dead head is contained in the front upper part of column, and the dead head upper end is connected and installed top cylinder, and the lower end is connected and installed top.
In the technique scheme, also be provided with on the left slide carriage two guide rail list cylinder forced locking devices of left slide carriage positioning and locking on two guide rails, this device be one by the push rod of the different angles of wedge of two groups of single air cylinder driven and the mechanism that check lock lever is formed.
In the technique scheme, the cover cutter-exchange mechanism of multitool linear servo mechanism for installing additional at the linear electric motors output, this cutter-exchange mechanism includes:
1) mechanism body;
2) be installed in the mechanism body, front end installs can replace knife rest and many straight-line transmitting dynamic components of being fixedlyed connected with the linear electric motors axle in lathe tool, rear end;
3) the cutter cassette holder by roller bearings at straight-line transmitting dynamic component connecting rod front end endoporus, by the replaced knife rest of driven gear, driving gear transmission;
4) be installed in the mechanism body, driving gear is driven by rotary cylinder with driven gear clutch, driving gear and by the knife rest of the roller bearings driving mechanism that replaces;
5) the straight dynamic air cylinder of dibit is fixed on the mechanism body, the straight dynamic air cylinder output shaft of dibit connects the rotary cylinder seat and and then drive the clutch of driving gear;
6) and be installed in elasticity positioning element, locking device, measuring transducer, protecting component in the mechanism body.
In the technique scheme, the TB160 type eight station servo turrets that the cutter tower of installing on the right slide carriage can adopt Italy to produce, this servo turret, its tool changing transposition is by the servomotor programme-control, unclamps with locking to be driven by air pressure, and the cutter tower is furnished with eight cutter spacing cutterheads.
In the technique scheme, 8248 industrial workstations that China produces are ground in SINUMERIK802D system and Taiwan that control system can select for use German SIEMENS company to produce.
In the technique scheme, main shaft assembly can adopt the high rigidity lathe spindle of the Japanese NSK L-6 of company type.
In the technique scheme, the outer protection of lathe takes full-closed structure, inside to take big flow to wash away chip removal, is provided with the waste lubricating oil gathering-device, comprises waste lubricating oil groove and waste lubricating oil passage, and lubricating oil and cooling fluid are isolated.
Characteristics of the present invention, purposes:
1) lathe of the present invention is extraordinary NC vertical lathe, is used for Middle-convex and Varying Ellipse Piston Turning processing, and this lathe can be at turning outside piston shape face, end face and annular groove in clamping;
2) this lathe has disposed the servo multiple-tool block of linear electric motors, suitable processed complex shape face ring-mounted piston;
3) this lathe has disposed eight station cutter towers, but turning outside piston, end face and annular groove;
4) this lathe also can be used for the shape face processing of non-circle revolution three-dimensional explorator.
The guardian technique index of lathe of the present invention:
1) Linear Servo Tool Holder repetitive positioning accuracy 0.001mm;
2) main shaft processing maximum speed 2000r/mim;
3) skirt section line profile degree ± 0.005mm;
4) shape line amount+ellipse amount 3mm;
5) maximum shape line amount 1.5mm;
6) maximum oval amount 1.5mm;
7) resolution ratio 0.2um;
8) ring groove side surface jitter amount 0.005mm;
The present invention relates to non-round high-speed turning processing; high frequency response linear servo multiple-tool block; high-performance machining software bag; the multinomial key technologies such as machine tool structure of innovation; it is the high-tech machine tool product of an optical, mechanical and electronic integration; be used for the fine finishining of medium-to-high grade middle-bulged varying ellipse piston or be used for processing precise 3 D stereo pattern; reasonable in design; advanced technology; multiple functional; the machining accuracy height; speed is fast; the efficient height, the engine that meets " Europe II limit value " and even " Europe III limit value " is made in the appearance of lathe of the present invention for China; provide key process equipment in advance, for the environmental protection cause of China has been made significant contribution.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a structure front view of the present invention
Fig. 2 is a structure side view of the present invention
Fig. 3 is a structure vertical view of the present invention
Fig. 4 is a structure side sectional view of the present invention
Fig. 5 is left slide carriage structure chart
Fig. 6 is two guide rail list cylinder forced locking device structure cutaway views
Fig. 7 is the spindle unit structure chart
Fig. 8 is a multitool linear servo mechanism longitudinal sectional view
Fig. 9 is a multitool linear servo mechanism section plan
Figure 10 is that multitool linear servo mechanism side is to view
Figure 11 is multitool linear servo mechanism two cutter cutter box schematic diagrames
Figure 12 is multitool linear servo mechanism three cutter cutter box schematic diagrames
Figure 13 is multitool linear servo mechanism a kind of supporting diaphragm schematic diagram
Figure 14 is a multitool linear servo mechanism another kind of supporting diaphragm schematic diagram
Figure 15 is a multitool linear servo mechanism application principle block diagram
Figure 16 is data inputting interface figure of the present invention
Figure 17 is a piston cross-section polar diagram of the present invention
Figure 18 is an outside piston shape line chart of the present invention
The specific embodiment:
Referring to accompanying drawing, the two slide carriage piston machine tools of this extraordinary digital control vertical have base 1 and the main shaft assembly 24 that is fixed on the base 1, main motor 37 and control system 22, on base 1, be fixed with column 2, symmetric arrangement has a left side on the column 2, right two groups of rolling guides 79,16, a left side, right slide motion servo motor 9,14, a left side, right two groups of rolling guides 79, left slide 8 and right slide 17 are housed respectively on 16, left side slide motion servo motor 9, moving screw pair 80 rolls left, left side slide 8 connects transmission successively, right slide motion servo motor 14, right rolling lead screw pair 15, right slide 17 connects transmission successively, on the slide 8 of a left side left slide carriage rolling guide 43 is housed, 45 and left slide carriage motion servo motor 4, left side slide carriage is contained on the left slide carriage rolling guide, left side slide carriage motion servo motor 4, left side slide carriage rolling lead screw pair 44, left side slide carriage 6 connects transmission successively, on the slide carriage 6 of a left side multitool linear servo mechanism 3 is housed, multitool linear servo mechanism 3 front-end configuration automatic tool changer multiple-tool block 5, on the right slide 17 right slide carriage rolling guide 30 is housed, right slide carriage motion servo motor 20, right slide carriage 18 is contained on the right slide carriage rolling guide, right slide carriage motion servo motor, right slide carriage rolling lead screw pair, right slide carriage 18 connects transmission successively, and cutter tower 19 is installed on the right slide carriage 18.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing concrete enforcement of the present invention is described in further detail:
Referring to the two slide carriage piston machine tool structural representations (will protect imagination outward and be considered as the transparent body) of the extraordinary digital control vertical of Fig. 1 the present invention
Column 2 also is a box-shaped foundry goods, is installed on the base, and symmetric arrangement has left and right two groups of rolling guides and rolling lead screw pair, AC servo drive unit on it, about left and right slide is housed on two groups of rolling guides, two slides all are cross slide plate unit.
Left side slide carriage 6 is driven by rolling lead screw, AC servo on steel guideway, be provided with two guide rail list cylinder forced locking devices, multitool linear servo mechanism 3 is equipped with on the slide carriage in a left side, multitool linear servo mechanism front-end configuration multiple-tool block 5, this is an automatic tool changer three cutter spacing knife rests.
Locking device 7 is the two guide rail forced locking devices of a single cylinder, is used for the auto lock of left slide carriage and unclamps.
Air-pressure balancing device 10 is left and right slide weight balance devices when moving.
The pneumatic dead head that dead head 11 is provided with for the column middle and upper part, top 13 are used for holding out against piston.Top cylinder 12 is installed in the dead head upper end.
Right slide motion servo motor 14, the right slide of secondary 15 drive installations of right rolling lead screw on right rolling guide 16 move up and down, two groups of rolling guides are arranged on the principal post, left side slide is driven by left slide motion servo motor, the moving screw pair that rolls left, and can move up and down on the moving guide rail that rolls left.
On the right slide 17 right slide carriage 18 is housed, for rolling guide, AC servo drive, right slide carriage motion servo motor 20 is the AC servo drive unit, and the cutter tower is installed on the right slide carriage.
Eight cutter spacing cutter towers 19: the present invention has adopted Italian product TB160 type eight station servo turrets, and this is a kind of servo turret, and its tool changing transposition is by the servomotor programme-control, unclamp with locking action be that air pressure drives, the cutter tower is furnished with eight cutter spacing cutterheads 21.
Control system 22: the present invention has selected for use German SIEMENS production SINUMERIK802D system of company and Taiwan to grind 8248 industrial workstations that China produces.
Piston 23: this is the processing object of this lathe.
Main shaft assembly 24: the present invention has adopted the high rigidity lathe spindle of the Japanese NSK L-6 of company type, and this is a kind of high rigidity main axle unit, frequency conversion drive, and stepless speed regulation, the encoder 25 of configuration is arranged on the main shaft lower end, is used for the angular coding of deflection axis.
The device that the pneumatic tension piston that take-up device 26 is provided with for the main shaft lower end is used.
Referring to the two slide carriage piston machine tool structure side of the extraordinary digital control vertical of Fig. 2 the present invention to view
Anchor clamps 27 are devices that the piston location clamps.
Outer protection 28 is the lathe full-closed structure, in order to guarantee safely cleaning production, beautifies moulding, the 29th, and protective door.
The 30th, right slide carriage rolling guide
The 31st, be used for collecting the food tray of lubricating oil
Lubricating system 32: be illustrated as lubricated pumping plant, each motive position of self-lubricate lathe is provided with lubricated waste oil and separates tapping equipment.
Pneumatic system 33: workpiece cramping, the cutterhead transposition of driving machine flavor, auxiliary movements such as locking, balance.
Chip removal bucket 34 is the cooling fluid channel of chip removal.
Referring to the two slide carriage piston machine tool structure vertical views of the extraordinary digital control vertical of Fig. 3 the present invention,
The parts mark is as follows: left slide carriage travel switch group 35, and left slide travel switch group 36, right slide travel switch group 40, right slide carriage travel switch group 41, main motor 37, lubricated waste oil is collected oil and is closed 38, balance cylinder 39.
Referring to the two slide carriage piston machine tool structure side sectional views of the extraordinary digital control vertical of Fig. 4 the present invention, from figure, can further well understand the structure of this lathe, base 1 is an expanded letter box-shaped foundry goods, the column of installing on the base 12 also is a box-shaped foundry goods, the front portion of base 1 installs and fixes spindle unit 24, and the rear portion of base 1 installs and fixes main motor 37, and main motor 37 connects transmission main shaft by belt pulley, belt, the main shaft lower end has disposed encoder 25, is used for the angular coding of deflection axis.Left and right slide rolling guide, left and right slide, left and right slide motion servo motor and left and right rolling lead screw pair are installed on the antetheca of column 2 and are installed in the left and right slide carriage rolling guide on the left and right slide, left and right slide carriage, left and right slide carriage shift servo motor and rolling lead screw pair thereof, and install and fix multitool linear servo mechanism on the left slide carriage, multitool position cutter tower is installed on the right slide carriage.From Fig. 4, can also know the left and right air-pressure balancing device of finding out that the present invention installs at column 2, air-pressure balancing device comprises balance cylinder 39, chain 81, sprocket wheel 82, the piston rod of balance cylinder 39 is connected and fixed an end of chain 81, the chain other end is fastened on the slide, and sprocket wheel 82 is installed on the column.The column front upper part also is mounted with dead head 11, dead head 11 upper end stationary center cylinders 12, and dead head lower end suit is top 13, and top cylinder connects and drives top moving up and down.
Referring to Fig. 5 the present invention left side slide carriage structure chart, left slide carriage is contained on two steel guideways 43,45, and the position adjustments of left slide carriage drives rolling lead screw by servomotor 4 and pays 44 adjustings, promotes retaining mechanisms locking by cylinder 7 after the position adjustments.
Referring to the two guide rail list cylinder forced locking device structure charts of Fig. 6 the present invention
This is the profile of label 7 in the accompanying drawing 1, and diagram 8 is guide rail installed surfaces of left slide carriage on the slide, the 43rd, and lower guideway, the 45th, upper rail, the 56, the 62nd, right angle pressing plate, the 57, the 61st, locking pressure plate.
Its locking action is achieved in that cylinder 7 piston rods 46 promote to have the push rod 49 of wedge surface through hookup 47, and wedge surface moves check lock lever 48 pressing plate 61 is locked on the upper rail 45; Catch bar 51 moves check lock lever 55 through push rod 54 wedge surfaces that spring 52 catch bars 53 have wedge surface during push rod 49 reaches, and pressing plate 57 is pressed on the lower guideway 43.Push rod 49 is different with the wedge surface angle of push rod 54, and push rod 49 angles of wedge are little, reliably self-locking, and push rod 54 angles of wedge are big, not self-locking.It unclamps action and is achieved in that the cylinder commutation, and its impulsive force is return push rod 49, and spring washer 58 resets check lock lever 48, has discharged the thrust of 61 pairs of guide rails of pressing plate; Because of push rod 54 not self-lockings of the angle of wedge, push rod 49 is return and has been discharged the coupling mechanism force of check lock lever to lower guideway simultaneously.The cylinder action of locking device is by programme controlled, and this has just realized that left slide carriage moves preceding unclamping automatically, moves into place auto lock.
Referring to vertical pair of slide carriage piston machine tool of Fig. 7 the present invention spindle unit structure chart
The 64th, be used to strain the rotary cylinder of piston, rely on tie-plate 6 nuts 66 to connect with the main shaft tail end.
Variable-frequency motor is taken turns 68 transmission main shafts by polywedge bet 67, polywedge bet.Spindle drum 69 is installed in main shaft assembly on the base.
The 70th, ring flange is used for connecting main shaft and anchor clamps.
The 71st, dust cover, the 72nd, the fluid passage of cooling main shaft.
The 73rd, be used to install the support of encoder, main shaft rotates via being with 74 synchronous pulleys, 75 transmission encoders 78,76th, encoder seat, the 77th, synchronous wheel shaft synchronously.Encoder can adopt prior art, and the encoder model is: LF-36BM-CO5D.
Referring to Fig. 8-Figure 15, the cover cutter-exchange mechanism of multitool linear servo mechanism 3 for installing additional at the linear electric motors output.Mainly include:
1) mechanism body;
2) peace is changeed in mechanism body, the front end installation can replace knife rest and many straight-line transmitting dynamic components of being fixedlyed connected with the linear electric motors axle in lathe tool, rear end;
3) the cutter cassette holder by roller bearings at straight-line transmitting dynamic component connecting rod front end endoporus, by the replaced knife rest of driven gear, driving gear transmission;
4) be installed in the mechanism body, driving gear is driven by rotary cylinder with driven gear clutch, driving gear and by the knife rest of the roller bearings driving mechanism that replaces;
5) the straight dynamic air cylinder of dibit is fixed on the mechanism body, the straight dynamic air cylinder output shaft of dibit connects the rotary cylinder seat and and then drive the clutch of driving gear.
The present invention also can install elasticity positioning element, locking device, measuring transducer, protecting component in mechanism body:
The elasticity positioning element comprises two flat springs and supporting diaphragm, and their end all is connected and fixed with mechanism body, and their other end is fixedlyed connected with connecting rod;
Locking device comprises: locking cylinder is fixed on the connecting rod by cylinder block, and connection of locking cylinder output shaft and driving locking pin are inserted in the driven gear backlash or from backlash to be return;
Measuring transducer comprises: the displacement transducer that is connected on mechanism body and the Connection Block is installed at two ends respectively; By driven gear both sides deep trouth and the knife rest rotational position sensor that constitutes near switch; Be installed in the clutch position sensor that the magnetic switch in the straight dynamic air cylinder of dibit constitutes; Be installed in the locking device state sensor that the magnetic switch in the locking cylinder constitutes;
Protecting component comprises interconnective square shell, front shroud and seal membrane.
Referring to Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Figure 10, the mechanism body 301 of multitool linear servo mechanism partly is made up of square shell 356 and front shroud 302 etc.Each parts that its effect is a bindiny mechanism, its rear end links to each other with the front end face of linear electric motors, and stretches out lathe tool from front end.In fact can regard the combination of mechanism of the present invention and linear electric motors as the multifunctional intelligent servo control mechanism.
The straight-line transmitting dynamic component is that the straight-line displacement with the linear electric motors output shaft is transferred on the lathe tool.It comprises (Fig. 8, Fig. 9): the Connection Block 303 of the flat spring that resets, connecting rod 304, rolling bearing 307, cutter cassette holder 308, cutter box 309, alignment pin 310 and lathe tool 311.The Connection Block 303 of flat spring of resetting links to each other with connecting rod 304 with motor output shaft 312 respectively.The front end endoporus of connecting rod 304 links to each other with cutter cassette holder 308 by rolling bearing 307 again.Cutter box 309 is fixed in the cutter cassette holder by screw 313, and prevents that with alignment pin 310 cutter box 309 from rotating in the cutter cassette holder.In the cutter box 309 with screw 314 as required fixedly 2-3 lathe tool 311 (Figure 10 and Figure 11, Figure 12).Three lathe tools are pressed 120 balanced configurations along cutter box axis, and Figure 11 is two cutter cutter boxes, and Figure 12 is three cutter cutter boxes, and the lathe tool of work is under axis.The no axial joint gap each part from motor output shaft 312 to lathe tool guarantees the axial displacement of motor accurately is sent to lathe tool.
The elasticity positioning element guarantees that lathe tool has enough rigidity with side direction vertically.It comprises two flat springs 315 and supporting diaphragm 316 (Figure 13, Figure 14).One end of two flat springs 315 links to each other with mechanism body 301, and the other end links to each other with Connection Block 303.According to the operation principle of two flat springs, the each point on the Connection Block 303 mechanism body is relatively done translational motion.Two flat springs guarantee that there is accurate zero-bit in mechanism, and the thickness of choose reasonable leaf spring can obtain the desirable dynamic property of servo-drive system.Supporting diaphragm 316 (Figure 13) is the sheet metal of a del, and the upper end is fixed on the mechanism body by press strip 317 and screw 318, and the lower end has circular hole, by bearing pressure ring 319 it is pressed on the front end of connecting rod 304.The effect of supporting diaphragm is the lateral rigidity that increases mechanism.Diaphragm 316 also can be processed into the X-shaped shape by Figure 14.
The effect of knife rest of can replacing is under the effect of knife rest transposition driving mechanism, and required lathe tool is forwarded on the operating position.It is made up of driven gear 320, cutter cassette holder 308, rolling bearing 307, cutter box 309, alignment pin 310 and hold-down screw 313 etc.Tighten together 308,309 by screw 313 and alignment pin 310, when driven gear was activated moment, knife rest promptly rotated under the support of bearing, made the lathe tool transposition.
Knife rest transposition driving mechanism is made up of rotary cylinder 321, cylinder block 322, rolling bearing 323 and driving gear 324 etc.Cylinder 321 is oscillating cylinders of dibit angle adjustable, is fixed on the cylinder block 322 by screw.Driving gear 324 links to each other with the output shaft of rotary cylinder 321.The rotation of driving gear is supported by rolling bearing 323, and bearing 323 is contained in the endoporus of cylinder block 322.Down, driving gear and driven gear mesh in working order, and the swing of cylinder is passed to driven gear by driving gear 324, thereby drive the knife rest transposition.
The effect of clutch is when the lathe tool cutting workpiece, and driving gear and driven gear are separated.It by the straight dynamic air cylinder 325 of dibit, axle sleeve 326, guide post 327, bobbin hold 328 and spacing collar 329 etc. form, the straight dynamic air cylinder 325 of dibit is screwed on mechanism body 301.Axle sleeve 326 links to each other with cylinder block 322 with the output shaft of cylinder 325 respectively.When the output shaft of cylinder 325 stretches out, promptly promote the driving gear 324 and driven gear 320 engagements of transposition driving mechanism; Otherwise when the output shaft indentation of cylinder 325, i.e. the driving gear 324 of pulling transposition driving mechanism and driven gear 320 are separately.In addition, in the both sides up and down of oscillating cylinder seat two bobbins are housed and hold 328, guide post 327 1 ends are inserted in the endoporus that bobbin holds, and the other end is fastened on the mechanism body 301, spacing collar 329 is housed again on guide post 327, guarantees the guiding of clutch and spacing with this.
The effect of locking device is when the lathe tool cutting workpiece, and the locking knife rest makes it and can not rotate.It is made up of locking cylinder 330, cylinder block 331, locking pin 332 etc.Locking cylinder 330 and cylinder block 331 are connected with screw thread, and cylinder block is fastening with connecting rod 304 again.Locking pin 332 links to each other with the output shaft of cylinder.When lathe tool cut workpiece, locking cylinder 330 held out against locking pin 332 in the backlash of driven gear, thus the locking knife rest.
Measuring transducer is the precondition that realizes multitool mechanism Based Intelligent Control, and there is multiple measuring transducer in this mechanism, and division is as follows:
(1) displacement transducer 333.The body of this sensor is installed on the mechanism body 301, and its sensitive axes is connected with the Connection Block 303 of two flat springs, and so connection can be measured the displacement of lathe tool along axis direction.(2) knife rest rotational position sensor.This sensor is used to measure lathe tool and whether forwards the operating position to.Two are fixed on the sensor stand 336 near switch 334 usefulness screws 335, and support 336 is fixed on the mechanism body 301.Have three deep trouths 337 of 120 ° of being separated by on the cylinder of driven gear 320 both sides, the position of groove is corresponding with the position of lathe tool, and when lathe tool forwarded station to, corresponding groove was aimed at just near switch.(3) clutch position sensor.In the straight dynamic air cylinder 325 of dibit of clutch, magnetic switch 338 is housed, provides the signal of corresponding clutch position.(4) locking device state sensor.Magnetic switch 339 is housed in locking cylinder 330, provides the signal of locking device state.
The effect of protecting component is to prevent that car bits and greasy dirt to the pollution of mechanism, guaranteeing mechanism's operate as normal, and it comprises front shroud 302, seal membrane 340, bearing inner pressure ring 319, outer press ring 342 and the screw gasket etc. of mechanism body.Seal membrane 340 inner pressure rings 319, outer press ring 342 and screw gasket etc. fix.Seal membrane adopts the canvas filler rubber material, can not influence the motion of lathe tool.
The annexation of multitool linear servo mechanism and Digit Control Machine Tool as shown in figure 15, Digit Control Machine Tool is prior art for the present invention among the figure.The displacement input of multitool linear servo mechanism 355 is from the output shaft 312 of linear electric motors 345; The work source of the gas of each cylinder is imported respectively through air control unit 346 and pipeline 347; The displacement output of multitool linear servo mechanism is affacted on the processed workpiece 348 by lathe tool 311; The multitool straight line is waitd upon the signal of each measuring transducer of clothes mechanism and is passed to computer 350 through cable 349.Computer is the control centre of lathe.It is measured and controls the other parts of lathe, and control signal is passed to controller 352 by cable 351, respectively control signal is passed to air control unit 346 and linear electric motors 345 by controller by cable 353,354.Among the figure, lathe, computer 350, cable 351, controller 352, cable 353,354, air control unit 346, pipeline 347, linear electric motors 345, output shaft 312, cable 349 are prior art.
Multitool linear servo working process of mechanism is as follows: the lathe tool of selecting to use in the preparatory stage (2-3), and adjust the radial position of cutter.When the good workpiece of clamping, lathe starts, and during the operation of digital control system procedure, computer is at first checked the state of each sensor.When needing tool changing.Control locking cylinder 330 unclamps locking pin 332, and when the magnetic switch 339 signals affirmation 332 in the locking cylinder 330 had been unclamped, the straight dynamic air cylinder 325 of control dibit was pushed driving gear 324 to driven gear 320, makes it engagement.When the 338 true meter engagements of the magnetic switch in the straight dynamic air cylinder 325 of dibit put in place, 321 revolutions of control rotary cylinder, driving gear drive driven gear rotates, the cutter transposition.Provide the signal whether cutter accurately puts in place near switch 334.After transposition finishes.Locking cylinder is pressed onto locking pin 332 in the backlash of driven gear again, the locking knife rest.After locking puts in place, the straight dynamic air cylinder 325 of dibit separates driving gear and driven gear, tool changing work is all finished, after this, computer is delivered to controller 352 according to the machining shape that the work cylindrical requires with coherent signal, control linear electric motors 345 are done straight reciprocating motion, on the straight-line displacement transmission lathe tool of the straight-line transmitting dynamic component of multitool linear servo mechanism with the linear electric motors output shaft, so that the cylindrical of processing work.Process after one section, need to change cutting parameter (speed of mainshaft, feed, lathe tool or the like) as next section, then computer-controlled machine tool and this multitool mechanism make corresponding action, up to the workpiece completion of processing.
In sum, this multitool linear servo mechanism has following advantage: (1) adopts multitool mechanism, different processing sections is used different cutters instead, can process each section of same unlike material and profile, for example, the cast iron ring of the middle-convex and varying ellipse cylindrical of piston skirt, head, head, collection carbon groove or the like.(2) automatic tool changer has shortened the secondary process time greatly, has improved production efficiency.(3) adopt multiple sensors, realizes increasingly automated, the minimizing fault rate.(4) clampings are finished the multi-step process of workpiece, have improved the machining accuracy of workpiece.(5) mechanism is simple, and cost is low.
Referring to Figure 16, the two slide carriage piston machine tool data inputting interface figure of the extraordinary digital control vertical of the present invention.
Its objective interface is clear, and feature richness is easy to operate, and the piston data generate software can edit irregular arbitrarily, asymmetric outside piston shape line.
Referring to Figure 17, the extraordinary digital control vertical slide carriage of the present invention piston machine tool piston cross-section polar diagram
Moving cursor can clearly be seen the figure and the parameter in arbitrary cross section of machining piston.
Referring to Figure 18, the two slide carriage piston machine tool outside piston shape line charts of the extraordinary digital control vertical of the present invention
Can intuitively edit and process the different angles outer ring line and the parameter of piston.
In sum, structure of the present invention, control, processing are as follows:
1. structure and total arrangement
Lathe of the present invention is extraordinary NC vertical lathe, and lathe is vertical layout, but is different from the general NC vertical lathe, but machine tool structure and the total arrangement that requires brand-new design manipulated in the functional requirement of root a tree name lathe and production scene.(seeing accompanying drawing 1)
Column 2 also is a box-shaped foundry goods, is installed on the base, and symmetric arrangement has left and right two groups of rolling guides and rolling lead screw pair on its vertical plane, and the AC servo drive unit is equipped with left and right slide, and two slides all are cross slide plate unit.Air-pressure balancing device 10 is installed on the column, and this is gravitational equilibrium when left and right slide is moved.
Right slide 17 can move up and down along rolling guide, adopts rolling lead screw, AC servo to drive.Move but right slide carriage horizontal direction is housed on the slide, rolling guide, rolling lead screw, AC servo drive, and the cutter tower is installed on the right slide carriage.
This is a kind of servo turret for eight cutter spacing cutter towers 19, its tool changing transposition is controlled by servomotor, unclamp with locking action be that air pressure drives, the servo motion of preceding two axes of coordinates of this cutter tower tool, end face, annular groove and chamfering that can machining piston, also available interpolation mode processing dovetail groove and arc top surface.
This is a kind of high rigidity lathe spindle unit for a main shaft assembly 24, and interior dress precise rolling bearing adopts variable-frequency motor to drive, stepless speed regulation, and the main shaft tail end has disposed encoder, also is provided with the rotary cylinder of tension and compression piston.
Lubricated and sealing is the important setting on the lathe, and this lathe driving member adopts self-lubricate with the some position of oil lubricating, and there have indivedual oil sites to be provided with grease cup to be lubricated.For preventing that lubricating oil from sneaking into cooling fluid, be provided with lubricated waste oil and collect oil groove and passage, lubricating oil is isolated with cooling fluid, thus prolongation cooling fluid service life, and be mixed with the lubricant pollution environment can exempt water base coolant drain the time.
In order to accomplish cleaner production, the totally-enclosed protection in processing district, big flow cooling fluid are washed away chip removal, and tank for coolant is provided with and filters and magnetic smear metal separator, and iron, aluminium bits are discharged respectively, and classification is reclaimed.
2. control system
Operation of machine tool is undertaken by control system 22 with programming, this machine tool control system adopts the combination of accurate digital control system and industrial workstation, has selected for use German SIEMENS production SINUMERIK 802D system of company and Taiwan to grind 8248 industrial workstations that China produces.Friendly interface, interface flexible, programming is easily, and is simple to operate, and the system reliability height, good stability.Two system's controls, the accurate digital control system is a host computer, be responsible for the coordination control of whole equipment: control right slide, left slide carriage, three reference axis of right slide carriage, main shaft and eight station cutter towers, also control top tight, tension cylinder, signals such as workpiece clamp compaction forces deficiency, slide carriage clamping pressure deficiency, cutter tower locking insufficient pressure, equalizing pressure deficiency number detect by the accurate digital control system, and the processing of annular groove is finished by the accurate digital control system; The outside piston process is finished in the linear electric motors work of industrial workstation control multitool linear servo mechanism and the operation of left slide.Cylindrical processing is calling of a subprocess for the processing of whole lathe, the accurate digital control system sends enabling signal to industrial workstation when the need processing excircles, wait for that then industrial workstation sends the work of just carrying out other behind the cylindrical completion of processing signal, the accurate digital control system can call cylindrical at any time and process this subprocess: can process annular groove reprocessing cylindrical earlier, also can be first processing excircles reprocessing annular groove, also can only process annular groove or processing excircles only.
3. machining piston flow instance
The work step process of processing middle-bulged varying ellipse piston cylindrical, annular groove and chamfering is as follows:
N1 places piston 23 to be processed on the positioning spigot of anchor clamps 27; → N2 closes protective door 29 → N3 floor push and signals; →N413,→N5→N6→N7→N8→N93→N10A→N11→N12B→N13→N14→N15A→N16→N17→N18C→N19→N20→N21：CA→N22→N23→N24→→N25：1→N26→N27→N28→N29→N30：2→N31→N32→N33→N34：3→N35→→N36→→N1。
Claims (6)
1, the two slide carriage piston machine tools of a kind of extraordinary digital control vertical, it is characterized in that: have control system, base and the main shaft assembly that is fixed on the base, main motor, on base, be fixed with column, symmetric arrangement has a left side on the column, right two groups of rolling guides, a left side, right slide motion servo drive unit, a left side, on right two groups of rolling guides left slide and right slide are housed respectively, left side slide motion servo drive unit, moving screw pair rolls left, left side slide connects transmission successively, right slide motion servo drive unit, right rolling lead screw pair, right slide connects transmission successively, on the slide of a left side left slide carriage rolling guide is housed, left side slide carriage motion servo motor, left side slide carriage is contained on the left slide carriage rolling guide, left side slide carriage motion servo motor, left side slide carriage rolling lead screw pair, left side slide carriage connects transmission successively, on the slide carriage of a left side multitool linear servo mechanism is housed, multitool linear servo mechanism front-end configuration the automatic tool changer multiple-tool block, on the right slide right slide carriage rolling guide is housed, right slide carriage motion servo motor, right slide carriage is contained on the stone slide carriage rolling guide, right slide carriage motion servo motor, right slide carriage rolling lead screw pair, right slide carriage connects transmission successively, and the cutter tower is installed on the right slide carriage.
2, the two slide carriage piston machine tools of extraordinary digital control vertical according to claim 1,, it is characterized in that: the cover cutter-exchange mechanism of multitool linear servo mechanism for installing additional at the linear electric motors output, this cutter-exchange mechanism includes:
1) mechanism body;
2) be installed in the mechanism body, front end installs can replace knife rest and many straight-line transmitting dynamic components of being fixedlyed connected with the linear electric motors axle in lathe tool, rear end;
3) the cutter cassette holder by roller bearings at straight-line transmitting dynamic component connecting rod front end endoporus, by the replaced knife rest of driven gear, driving gear transmission;
4) be installed in the mechanism body, driving gear is driven by rotary cylinder with driven gear clutch, driving gear and by the knife rest of the roller bearings driving mechanism that replaces;
5) the straight dynamic air cylinder of dibit is fixed on the mechanism body, the straight dynamic air cylinder output shaft of dibit connects the rotary cylinder seat and and then drive the clutch of driving gear;
6) and be installed in elasticity positioning element, locking device, measuring transducer, protecting component in the mechanism body.
3, the two slide carriage piston machine tools of extraordinary digital control vertical according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: left and right air-pressure balancing device also is installed on the column, and the balance cylinder of left and right air-pressure balancing device is connected with left and right slide by sprocket wheel, chain respectively.
4, the two slide carriage piston machine tools of extraordinary digital control vertical according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the vertical base middle part that is installed in of main shaft assembly, the employing variable-frequency motor drives, stepless speed regulation, sectional fixture on the main shaft upper flanges dish, main shaft tail end configuration codes device, also be provided with the rotary cylinder that the tension piston is used, dead head is contained in the front upper part of column, and the dead head upper end is connected and installed top cylinder, and the lower end is connected and installed top.
5, the two slide carriage piston machine tools of extraordinary digital control vertical according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also be provided with on the left slide carriage the two guide rail list cylinder forced locking devices of left slide carriage positioning and locking on two guide rails, this device be one by the push rod of the different angles of wedge of two groups of single air cylinder driven and the mechanism that check lock lever is formed.
6, the two slide carriage piston machine tools of extraordinary digital control vertical according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: full-closed structure is taked in the outer protection of lathe, inside takes big flow to wash away chip removal, be provided with the waste lubricating oil gathering-device, comprise waste lubricating oil groove and waste lubricating oil passage, lubricating oil and cooling fluid are isolated.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB03124808XA CN100382926C (en) | 2003-09-10 | 2003-09-10 | Special type digital control vertical double slide carriage piston turning lathe |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB03124808XA CN100382926C (en) | 2003-09-10 | 2003-09-10 | Special type digital control vertical double slide carriage piston turning lathe |
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| CN1593843A true CN1593843A (en) | 2005-03-16 |
| CN100382926C CN100382926C (en) | 2008-04-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB03124808XA Expired - Fee Related CN100382926C (en) | 2003-09-10 | 2003-09-10 | Special type digital control vertical double slide carriage piston turning lathe |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101850527A (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-06 | 南通国盛机电集团有限公司 | Novel Z-axis tensioning mechanism for gantry machining center |
| CN102218548A (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2011-10-19 | 北京微纳精密机械有限公司 | Vertical piston lathe |
| CN105665751A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-06-15 | 台州格航冠机械制造有限公司 | Vertical numerically controlled lathe |
| CN108213464A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-06-29 | 广州市耐动信息科技有限公司 | Cutter, recessing machine and wheel hub processing method |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100581695C (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2010-01-20 | 厦门大学 | Method for processing special-shaped top circle of piston |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN87203341U (en) * | 1987-06-10 | 1988-05-11 | 航空工业部第六○一研究所 | Automically turning elliptic piston equipment with fixed axis |
| US5182974A (en) * | 1991-06-17 | 1993-02-02 | The Cross Company | Dual spindle vertical axis cnc piston turning and grooving machine |
| US6219895B1 (en) * | 2000-06-27 | 2001-04-24 | Davenport Industries, Llc | Machine tool with servo drive mechanism |
-
2003
- 2003-09-10 CN CNB03124808XA patent/CN100382926C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101850527A (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-06 | 南通国盛机电集团有限公司 | Novel Z-axis tensioning mechanism for gantry machining center |
| CN102218548A (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2011-10-19 | 北京微纳精密机械有限公司 | Vertical piston lathe |
| CN105665751A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-06-15 | 台州格航冠机械制造有限公司 | Vertical numerically controlled lathe |
| CN108213464A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-06-29 | 广州市耐动信息科技有限公司 | Cutter, recessing machine and wheel hub processing method |
| CN108213464B (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2024-03-12 | 广州市耐动信息科技有限公司 | Cutter, grooving machine and hub processing method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100382926C (en) | 2008-04-23 |
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Owner name: CHANGSHA YIPAI CNC MACHINE TOOLS CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: HUNAN YIPAI CNC EQUIPMENT CO., LTD. Effective date: 20090522 |
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Effective date of registration: 20090522 Address after: Hunan province Changsha Tianhua Changsha economic and Technological Development Zone, Road No. 9 Patentee after: Changsha EPOCH NC Machine Tool Co., Ltd. Address before: F2068, Xiaoxiang Middle Road, Hunan, Changsha Patentee before: Hunan Epoch NC Equipment Co., Ltd. |
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Address after: 410100 Hunan province Changsha Tianhua Changsha economic and Technological Development Zone, Road No. 9 Patentee after: CHANGSHA EPOCH NC MACHINE TOOLE CO., LTD. Address before: 410100 Hunan province Changsha Tianhua Changsha economic and Technological Development Zone, Road No. 9 Patentee before: Changsha EPOCH NC Machine Tool Co., Ltd. |
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