CN1591940A - Direct alcohol fuel cell diaphragm electrode structure and preparing process - Google Patents
Direct alcohol fuel cell diaphragm electrode structure and preparing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN1591940A CN1591940A CNA031557929A CN03155792A CN1591940A CN 1591940 A CN1591940 A CN 1591940A CN A031557929 A CNA031557929 A CN A031557929A CN 03155792 A CN03155792 A CN 03155792A CN 1591940 A CN1591940 A CN 1591940A
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Abstract
This invention relates to a structure of a fuel battery membrane electrode(MEA) and it preparing method. The said MEA is composed of a proton exchange membrane, a catalyst layer and a diffused layer applying porous metal material to combine the diffused layer with the collector.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fuel cell technology, particularly a kind of fuel cell membrane electrode (MEA) structure and preparation method.
Background technology
In recent years, the fast development of portable electronic product, the various battery prices that exist on the market are expensive at present, and useful life is short, but also exist various waste treatment problems, thereby develop power and become urgent demand to several hectowatts, long service life, the free of contamination energy at several watts.And direct methanol fuel cell is the energy that is hopeful to satisfy these demands most, because methyl alcohol energy density height, aboundresources, cost is low.The direct methanol fuel cell of hot operation needs various auxiliary equipment, so system complex, is not suitable for the portable electronic product.Normal temperature air self-respiration type direct methanol fuel cell is worked, at normal temperatures without any need for auxiliary equipment, but it can provide desired power, energy conversion efficiency height, energy density height, therefore be applicable to the portable electronic product, as notebook computer, mobile phone etc.
Directly alcohol fuel battery is the electrochemical reaction appts that a kind of chemical energy with fuel (liquid fuels such as methyl alcohol, ethanol) and oxidant directly changes into electric energy.It is not subjected to the restriction of Carnot Engine circulation, the energy conversion efficiency height, and simple in structure, safe and reliable, low in the pollution of the environment, this battery has broad application prospects in fields such as small portable portable power source and senser elements.
Directly alcohol fuel battery (DAFC) structure as shown in Figure 1, the both sides of proton exchange membrane 1 are respectively cathode catalysis layer 2 and anode catalyst layer 2 ', the outside of anode and cathode Catalytic Layer is respectively cathode diffusion layer 3 and anode diffusion layer 3 ', the outside of anode and cathode diffusion layer is respectively a collector 4 and 4 ', outermost is respectively a bipolar plates 5 and 5 ', if the normal temperature air self-respiration type does not then have bipolar plates.Membrane electrode (MEA) is the critical component of direct alcohol fuel battery, is made up of porous anode, proton exchange membrane and porous cathode usually.And porous anode or porous cathode are divided into diffusion layer and Catalytic Layer two parts, and the effect of diffusion layer mainly is to support Catalytic Layer, conduction current, and electronics, gas, fluid passage are provided, and Catalytic Layer then is the place that electrochemical reaction takes place.
The preparation of diffusion layer mainly is to use carbon paper or carbon cloth, handles and the formation diffusion layer through hydrophobic and leveling.The preparation method of Catalytic Layer generally is divided into two kinds: a kind of be Preparation of Catalyst on proton exchange membrane (as Nafion), make membrane electrode with diffusion layer combination again; Another kind method be Preparation of Catalyst on diffusion layer, carry out hot pressing with proton exchange membrane again and become membrane electrode.
The afflux of electronics, transmission then are to realize that by put bipolar plates or other collector in the diffusion layer outside this current collection mode contact resistance is big, is unfavorable for battery pack, and particularly normal temperature air self-respiration type battery pack is integrated.
The crackless diffusion layer that patent [WO 02/059989 A2] is introduced has reduced the loss of catalyst, has improved stability, and still, owing to adopted carbon cloth to do the backing material of diffusion layer, resistance still is relatively large.
United States Patent (USP) [US 2002/0098402 A1] has been introduced a kind of direct methanol fuel cell that metal foam is made the air self-respiration type of collector that has, and directly puts metal foaming material in the outside of two diffusion layers of being made by carbon cloth and makes collector.
Using carbon paper or carbon cloth is that electrochemical stability is good as the major advantage of the backing material of electrode; but need high-temperature process and atmosphere protection in carbon paper or the carbon cloth preparation process; make that their price is higher, and compare the conductivity of material with carbon element low two orders of magnitude of conductivity with metal than metal.
On the other hand, material with carbon element can directly weld unlike metal material, therefore in the battery pack assembling process, in order to make the better effects if of afflux, need the carbon fiber in wire netting or collector plate and carbon paper, the carbon cloth to press together, and the mechanical strength of carbon fiber is lower, non-deformability is relatively poor, so carbon fiber is usually crushed under the effect of pressure, has influenced catchment effect.
The collector of the metal foaming material that patent [US 2002/0098402 A1] is introduced, be by with diffusion layer contact afflux, so also caused the contact resistance increase.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention mainly provides a kind of electrode preparation method about Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, particularly the method for preparing membrane electrode of normal temperature air self-respiration type direct methanol fuel cell.The principal character of this method is:
1, uses porous metal material, press expensive carbon paper or the carbon cloths of replacement such as net as porous foam metal (nickel foam, foam stainless steel, sintered type stainless steel fibre felt), metal stretching net, metal knitted net, stamped metal, diffusion layer and collector are integrated.
2, by selecting the porous metal material of suitable porosity, pore size and thickness, will help cathode gas diffusion, generate the discharge of water, the discharge of the carbon dioxide that anode generates, and methanol permeation had certain retardation.
3, can directly wire bonds be drawn electric current on porous metal material, so just greatly reduce the internal resistance of battery, improve battery performance, and help the integrated of a plurality of batteries.For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention provides a kind of membrane electrode of direct alcohol fuel battery, is made up of proton exchange membrane, Catalytic Layer, diffusion layer, it is characterized in that, adopts porous metal material, and diffusion layer and collector are integrated.
The membrane electrode of described direct alcohol fuel battery, its described porous metal material is for porous foam metal, metal stretching net, metal knitted net, stamped metal are pressed net.
The membrane electrode of described direct alcohol fuel battery, its described foam metal are nickel foam, stainless steel fibre felt.
The membrane electrode of described direct alcohol fuel battery has a Catalytic Layer on its described porous metal material.
The membrane electrode of described direct alcohol fuel battery has a Catalytic Layer on its described proton exchange membrane.
The membrane electrode of described direct alcohol fuel battery, its described porous metal material plates one deck conductivity height, and the coating that corrosion resistance is high, this coating are platinum, gold, silver.
The membrane electrode of described direct alcohol fuel battery, its described porous metal material can be used for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, directly hydrazine types of fuel cells, the directly membrane electrode preparation of ethers fuel cell.
The membrane electrode of described direct alcohol fuel battery, its described porous metal material can be made afflux device relevant with fuel cell and electrochemical sensing device.
A kind of method for preparing membrane electrode of direct alcohol fuel battery comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of electrode diffusion layer:
A) will spread the slurries of strata and thing, supersonic oscillations evenly after, be applied on the stainless steel fibre felt oven dry;
The diffusion layer that contains mixture that b) will obtain flattens with pressure, and the size of pressure is determined according to the area size, is as the criterion to guarantee that diffusion layer is flawless, and is standby;
C) diffusion layer that will do negative electrode places roasting under the high temperature, and is standby;
2) preparation of pole catalyze layer:
With the slurries of Catalytic Layer polymer, after supersonic oscillations are even, be applied on the diffusion layer, oven dry, standby;
3) processing of proton exchange membrane:
With proton exchange membrane successively at 3～5%H
2O
2, redistilled water, 0.5MH
2SO
4Solution was handled in the redistilled water 1～1.1 hour, and treatment temperature is 75～85 ℃;
Proton exchange membrane after the processing is placed in the redistilled water standby;
4) size of area as required cuts an anode and a negative electrode, respectively with their Catalytic Layer towards proton exchange membrane, place the proton exchange membrane both sides, hot pressing 80～100 seconds, membrane electrode (MEA) product.
Described method for preparing membrane electrode, it is described 1 years old)-a) in the slurries of diffusion strata and thing, anode is for containing 80%XC-72R, the slurries of 20%Nafion; Negative electrode is for containing 80%XC-72R, the slurries of 20%PTFE.
Described method for preparing membrane electrode, its described 1-b) pressure in is 48～52kg/cm
2
Described method for preparing membrane electrode, it is described 1 years old)-c) middle cathode diffusion layer is under 350～370 ℃ of temperature, roasting 40～45 minutes.
Described method for preparing membrane electrode, they are described 2 years old)-a) in the slurries of Catalytic Layer polymer, anode catalyst layer is deceived (Johnson Matthey company), the slurries of 15%Nnafion (Dupont company) for containing 85%Pt/Ru; Cathode catalysis layer is for containing 90%Pt black (Johnson Matthey company), the slurries of 10%Nnafion (Dupont company).
Described method for preparing membrane electrode, they are described 4 years old) in hot pressing 80～100 seconds, be at 140～160kg/cm
2Pressure carries out under 125～135 ℃ of temperature.
Characteristics of the present invention:
1. adopt the high porous metal material of conductivity, diffusion layer and collector are integrated, replaced traditional carbon cloth and carbon paper, avoided the breakage problem of carbon fiber in hot pressing and the battery pack process of assembling, greatly reduce the internal resistance of cell as diffusion layer.
2. the supporting layer of metal material can adopt direct welding, has reduced the resistance that connects between the battery, improves battery performance; And help the integrated of a plurality of batteries more.
3. simplify the cell preparation program, reduced preparation cost simultaneously.
4. the membrane electrode of the present invention's preparation is applicable to Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, the preparation of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells group of the room temperature self-respiration type of especially suitable hydrogen or methanol feeding.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing direct alcohol fuel battery structure chart;
Fig. 2 is film electrode structure figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the monocell discharge curve of specific embodiments of the invention 1;
Fig. 4 is the monocell discharge curve of specific embodiments of the invention 2.
Embodiment
In the film electrode structure of the present invention of Fig. 2, the both sides of proton exchange membrane 1 are respectively cathode catalysis layers 2, anode catalyst layer 2 ', and the outside of anode and cathode Catalytic Layer is respectively cathode diffusion layer 3 and the anode diffusion layer of being made by porous metal material 3 '.This porous metal material not only plays the effect of diffusion layer, and the effect of collector is arranged, and lead directly can be welded on the porous metal material and electric current is drawn, so just no longer need be at diffusion layer outside pad one deck afflux material.Porous metal material can select porous foam metal (as nickel foam, sintered type stainless steel fibre felt), metal stretching net, metal knitted net, stamped metal to press net etc., Catalytic Layer 2,2 ' can be prepared on the proton exchange membrane 1, also can be prepared on the diffusion layer 3, on 3 ', diffusion layer, Catalytic Layer, proton exchange membrane are combined formation membrane electrode (MEA) by methods such as hot pressing.
Adopt the sintered stainless steel fibrofelt to make diffusion layer and collector, its porosity is 90%, and the aperture is 400 orders, and thickness is 145 μ m, and preparation process is as follows:
Anode diffusion layer: preparation contains 80%XC-72R, and the slurries of 20%Nafion polymer after supersonic oscillations are even, are applied on the stainless steel fibre felt, obtain containing 6mg/cm after the oven dry
2The diffusion layer of XC-72R and Nafion mixture flattens this diffusion layer then with certain pressure, the size of pressure is determined according to the area size, thereby guaranteed that diffusion layer is flawless.
Cathode diffusion layer: preparation contains 80%XC-72R, and the slurries of 20%PTFE are applied on the stainless steel fibre felt after supersonic oscillations are even, obtain containing 6mg/cm after the oven dry
2The diffusion layer of XC-72R and PTFE mixture flattens this diffusion layer then with certain pressure, the size of pressure is determined according to the area size, is generally 50kg/cm
2Thereby, guaranteeing that diffusion layer is flawless, the diffusion layer roasting under 360 ℃ of high temperature that obtains more than inciting somebody to action at last can obtain cathode diffusion layer after 40 minutes.
The preparation process of Catalytic Layer is as follows:
Anode catalyst layer: preparation contains 85%Pt/Ru black (Johnson Matthey company), and the slurries of 15%Nnafion (Dupont company) polymer are applied on the anode diffusion layer after supersonic oscillations are even, obtain 4mg/cm after the oven dry
2Pt/Ru is black, the anode catalyst layer of 15%Nafion mixture.
Cathode catalysis layer: preparation contains 90%Pt black (Johnson Matthey company), and the slurries of 10%Nnafion (Dupont company) polymer are applied on the cathode diffusion layer after supersonic oscillations are even, obtain 4mg/cm after the oven dry
2Pt is black, the cathode catalysis layer of 10%Nafion mixture.
This example adopts Nafion115 film (Dupont company) as proton exchange membrane, and its processing procedure is as follows: with the Nafion115 film of certain size successively at 3-5%H
2O
2, redistilled water, 0.5MH
2SO
4Solution was handled 1 hour in the redistilled water, and treatment temperature is 80 ℃.Nafion115 film after handling is placed in the redistilled water standby.
The preparation process of membrane electrode is as follows:
Cutting area is 2 * 2cm
2Size is by above anode of making and negative electrode, respectively with their Catalytic Layer towards the Nafion115 film, at 150kg/cm
2Hot pressing is 90 seconds under pressure and the 130 ℃ of temperature, makes membrane electrode (MEA).
Fig. 3 is in the specific embodiments of the invention 1, and the membrane electrode that adopts the making of sintered stainless steel fibrofelt is under the condition that normal temperature air is breathed certainly, and electrode area is 2 * 2cm
2The monocell discharge curve.
Adopt the sintered stainless steel fibrofelt to make diffusion layer and collector, its porosity is 85%, and the aperture is 300 orders, and thickness is 160 μ m, and other preparation process is with example 1.
Fig. 4 is in the specific embodiments of the invention 2, and the membrane electrode that adopts the stainless steel mesh grid to make is breathed under the condition of bar certainly at normal temperature air, and electrode area is 2 * 2cm
2The monocell discharge curve.
The above membrane electrode that obtains packed into test in the battery tester, its discharge curve is seen Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
The condition of work of battery is as follows:
Under the normal temperature and pressure, negative electrode directly is exposed in the air, anode injects 6.5ml 1M methyl alcohol, without any auxiliary equipment.
As can be seen from Figure 3, current density is at 78mA/cm
2The time, the power density of battery reaches 21mW/cm
2As can be seen from Figure 4, current density is at 82mA/cm
2The time, the power density of battery reaches 22mW/em
2In order to investigate the stability of battery, battery is through continuous 30mA/cm
2Constant current discharge 24 hours, voltage is not seen obvious decay.
Claims (14)
1. the membrane electrode of a direct alcohol fuel battery is made up of proton exchange membrane, Catalytic Layer, diffusion layer, it is characterized in that, adopts porous metal material, and diffusion layer and collector are integrated.
2. the membrane electrode of direct alcohol fuel battery as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described porous metal material is for porous foam metal, metal stretching net, metal knitted net, stamped metal are pressed net.
3. the membrane electrode of direct alcohol fuel battery as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described foam metal is nickel foam, stainless steel fibre felt.
4. the membrane electrode of direct alcohol fuel battery as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, a Catalytic Layer is arranged on the described porous metal material.
5. the membrane electrode of direct alcohol fuel battery as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, a Catalytic Layer is arranged on the described proton exchange membrane.
6. the membrane electrode of direct alcohol fuel battery as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described porous metal material plates one deck conductivity height, and the coating that corrosion resistance is high, this coating are platinum, gold, silver.
7. the membrane electrode of direct alcohol fuel battery as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described porous metal material can be used for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, directly hydrazine types of fuel cells, the directly membrane electrode preparation of ethers fuel cell.
8. the membrane electrode of direct alcohol fuel battery as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described porous metal material can be made afflux device relevant with fuel cell and electrochemical sensing device.
9. the method for preparing membrane electrode of a direct alcohol fuel battery is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of electrode diffusion layer:
A) will spread the slurries of strata and thing, supersonic oscillations evenly after, be applied on the stainless steel fibre felt oven dry;
The diffusion layer that contains mixture that b) will obtain flattens with pressure, and the size of pressure is determined according to the area size, is as the criterion to guarantee that diffusion layer is flawless, and is standby;
C) diffusion layer that will do negative electrode places roasting under the high temperature, and is standby;
2) preparation of pole catalyze layer:
With the slurries of Catalytic Layer polymer, after supersonic oscillations are even, be applied on the diffusion layer, oven dry, standby;
3) processing of proton exchange membrane:
A) with proton exchange membrane successively at 3～5%H
2O
2, redistilled water, 0.5MH
2SO
4Solution was handled in the redistilled water 1～1.1 hour, and treatment temperature is 75～85 ℃;
B) proton exchange membrane after the processing is placed in the redistilled water standby;
4) size of area as required cuts an anode and a negative electrode, respectively with their Catalytic Layer towards proton exchange membrane, place the proton exchange membrane both sides, hot pressing 80～100 seconds, membrane electrode (MEA) product.
10, the slurries of diffusion strata and thing method for preparing membrane electrode as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described 1)-a), anode is for containing 80%XC-72R, the slurries of 20%Nafion; Negative electrode is for containing 80%XC-72R, the slurries of 20%PTFE.
11, method for preparing membrane electrode as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described 1)-pressure among the b is 48～52kg/cm
2
12, method for preparing membrane electrode as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described 1)-c) middle cathode diffusion layer is under 350～370 ℃ of temperature, roasting 40～45 minutes.
13, the slurries of Catalytic Layer polymer method for preparing membrane electrode as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described 2)-a), anode catalyst layer is deceived the slurries of 15%Nnafion for containing 85%Pt/Ru; Cathode catalysis layer is black for containing 90%Pt, the slurries of 10%Nnafion.
14, hot pressing is 80～100 seconds method for preparing membrane electrode as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described 4), is at 140～160kg/cm
2Pressure carries out under 125～135 ℃ of temperature.
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| CNB031557929A CN100399609C (en) | 2003-09-02 | 2003-09-02 | Direct alcohol fuel cell diaphragm electrode structure and preparing process |
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| CNB031557929A CN100399609C (en) | 2003-09-02 | 2003-09-02 | Direct alcohol fuel cell diaphragm electrode structure and preparing process |
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| CN100399609C CN100399609C (en) | 2008-07-02 |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100377399C (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2008-03-26 | 长沙丰日电气集团有限公司 | Hydrogen air fuel battery MEA microwave hot-press method and device |
| CN100486007C (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2009-05-06 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Process for preparing integrated renewable fuel double effect oxygen electrode diffusion layer |
| CN101071880B (en) * | 2007-05-21 | 2010-05-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Serial battery for passive self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell |
| CN102386421A (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2012-03-21 | 浙江大学 | Microbial fuel cell air cathode easy to perform scale preparation and preparation method thereof |
| US8288057B2 (en) | 2009-03-16 | 2012-10-16 | National Taiwan University Of Science And Technology | Electrode layer of fuel cell and method of fabricating the same |
| CN102891327A (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2013-01-23 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Membrane with laminated structure and orientation controlled nanofiber reinforcement additives for fuel cells |
| CN103022515A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2013-04-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Polar plate-free micro-methanol fuel cell membrane electrode and preparation method thereof |
| CN104979576A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2015-10-14 | 陈家骏 | Methanol battery |
| CN105428676A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2016-03-23 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell cathode structure for in-situ raman spectroscopy test and testing method |
| WO2017143788A1 (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2017-08-31 | 西安交通大学 | Four-in-one electrode fuel cell and preparation method therefor |
| CN109768298A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-05-17 | 中南大学 | New proton exchange film fuel battery |
| CN112838233A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-05-25 | 中汽创智科技有限公司 | Fuel cell gas diffusion layer, electrode, membrane electrode assembly, single cell and preparation method thereof |
| CN113258079A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-08-13 | 西安交通大学 | Electrode for expanding reaction interface |
| CN114934290A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-08-23 | 氢克新能源技术(上海)有限公司 | Gas diffusion layer and processing technology thereof |
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| US6368751B1 (en) * | 1999-10-08 | 2002-04-09 | Reves, Inc. | Electrochemical electrode for fuel cell |
| EP1328030A1 (en) * | 2002-01-15 | 2003-07-16 | N.V. Bekaert S.A. | Metal stack for fuel cells or electrolysers |
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- 2003-09-02 CN CNB031557929A patent/CN100399609C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN100377399C (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2008-03-26 | 长沙丰日电气集团有限公司 | Hydrogen air fuel battery MEA microwave hot-press method and device |
| CN100486007C (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2009-05-06 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Process for preparing integrated renewable fuel double effect oxygen electrode diffusion layer |
| CN101071880B (en) * | 2007-05-21 | 2010-05-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Serial battery for passive self-breathing direct methanol fuel cell |
| US8288057B2 (en) | 2009-03-16 | 2012-10-16 | National Taiwan University Of Science And Technology | Electrode layer of fuel cell and method of fabricating the same |
| CN101841042B (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2013-03-20 | 黄炳照 | Electrode layer of fuel cell and method of fabricating the same |
| CN102891327A (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2013-01-23 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Membrane with laminated structure and orientation controlled nanofiber reinforcement additives for fuel cells |
| CN102386421A (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2012-03-21 | 浙江大学 | Microbial fuel cell air cathode easy to perform scale preparation and preparation method thereof |
| CN103022515A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2013-04-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Polar plate-free micro-methanol fuel cell membrane electrode and preparation method thereof |
| CN104979576A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2015-10-14 | 陈家骏 | Methanol battery |
| CN105428676A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2016-03-23 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell cathode structure for in-situ raman spectroscopy test and testing method |
| CN105428676B (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2017-10-31 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Fuel battery cathode with proton exchange film structure and method of testing for in-situ Raman spectrum test |
| WO2017143788A1 (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2017-08-31 | 西安交通大学 | Four-in-one electrode fuel cell and preparation method therefor |
| CN109768298A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-05-17 | 中南大学 | New proton exchange film fuel battery |
| CN112838233A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-05-25 | 中汽创智科技有限公司 | Fuel cell gas diffusion layer, electrode, membrane electrode assembly, single cell and preparation method thereof |
| CN112838233B (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2023-02-28 | 中汽创智科技有限公司 | Fuel cell gas diffusion layer, electrode, membrane electrode assembly, single cell and preparation method thereof |
| CN113258079A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-08-13 | 西安交通大学 | Electrode for expanding reaction interface |
| CN114934290A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-08-23 | 氢克新能源技术(上海)有限公司 | Gas diffusion layer and processing technology thereof |
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