CN1587497A

CN1587497A - Sol-gel negative ion finshing method for fabric

Info

Publication number: CN1587497A
Application number: CN 200410053180
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杜鹃; 陈水林; 占莉
Original assignee: Donghua University
Current assignee: Donghua University
Priority date: 2004-07-27
Filing date: 2004-07-27
Publication date: 2005-03-02
Anticipated expiration: 2024-07-27
Also published as: CN1282793C

Abstract

The present invention performs negative ion finishing of fabric by means of sol-gel technology, and in a rolling-stoving-roasting process with silicate ester as precursor for preparing stable transparent nanometer sol. During the negative ion finishing of cellulose, silk and other natural fiber and polyamide, polyester and other synthetic fiber, adhesive and softening agent are used to endow fabric with excellent and lasting negative ion performance and excellent hand feeling and comfort.

Description

Sol-gel negative ion finishing method for fabric

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical industry, and particularly relates to a sol-gel anion finishing method for fabrics comprising cellulose, silk, polyamide, polyester and the like.

Background

The sol-gel technology is mainly used for preparing nano ceramic powder and preparing membranes, and research reports of applying the sol-gel technology to textiles are rare. But it is feasible and meaningful to produce functional fabrics by applying them to textiles according to the basic principles.

Transparent, highly adherent metal or non-metal oxide films can be formed on a variety of textiles by padding or dipping using sol-gel techniques. The varietyof the precursor and the adsorption state of the film on the surface of the fabric can endow the fabric with different performances, such as abrasion resistance strength, antistatic property, viscosity/anti-adhesion property, coloring, luster, photochromism, ultraviolet light stability, biocompatibility, biocatalysis, antibiosis, antianaphylaxis, release of bioactive substances and fragrance.

The characteristic of finishing the fabric to release negative ions is a newly developed technology, and currently, the technology is still in the exploration stage, such as adding tourmaline fine particle textile fibers or spinning into porous fibers in the spinning process, or dispersing tourmaline and carbon powder fine particles in a coating agent for coating, and the like, but some problems to be solved exist, such as the combination problem of fine particles and textile fibers, the dispersion problem of fine particles, the combination fastness problem of fine particles and textile fibers, and the like.

The invention adopts silane coupling agent as precursor to prepare stable nano sol containing silicon element under certain condition, finishes the textile under certain condition, forms a film with nano particles and nano micropores on the surface of the textile, gives the textile the performance of releasing negative ions, and overcomes the defects of poor binding property between tourmaline particles and fiber and easy aggregation of the particles.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a sol-gel anion finishing method for natural fibers such as cellulose and silk, synthetic fibers such as polyamide and polyester, and blended fabrics thereof.

The invention designs a novel negative oxygen ion finishing method. The silane coupling agent is hydrolyzedunder acidic or alkaline conditions to form silanol, and a part of alcoholic hydroxyl groups of the silanol are condensed under the same conditions to generate silicate ester, wherein the formula is as follows:

(1)

(2)

(3)

the nanometer particles are arranged on the fabric, and a layer of nanometer particle and nanometer micropore film is formed on the fabric in the baking process, so that the fabric is endowed with the anion releasing performance.

The method of the invention comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a nano sol finishing liquid: coupling of silane coupling agent or with C_1-4The mixed solution of the alcohol is dripped into pure water or water containing 0.03 to 0.1 percent of acid, and is aged for hours after being stirred for a certain time at room temperature to obtain transparent silicon-containing sol. Silane coupling agent, C_1-4The weight percentages of alcohol, acid and water are as follows: 0.1-90% of silane coupling agent, 0-0.1% of acid and C_1-40-10% of alcohol and 10-95% of water. The weight percentage is preferably 5-50: 0-0.01: 0-0.1: 50-95.

The silane coupling agent is gamma-glycidyl ether propyl trimethoxy silane, vinyl triethoxy silane, N- β - (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane, gamma- (methacryloyloxy) propyl trimethoxy silane, gamma-aminopropyl triethoxy silane, aniline methyl triethoxy silane, methyl orthosilicate or ethyl orthosilicate.

The acid may be an inorganic acid or a water-soluble organic acid, such as hydrochloric acid,sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid, acetic acid, or the like, inclusive.

Said C_1-4Such as ethanol, methanol or isopropanol, and the like.

(2) Anion finishing

Soaking and rolling the fabric in the sol finishing liquid for two times, wherein the pressure is 2-3 Kg/cm²Drying in a blast oven, washing with water or neutralizing with alkali to remove excessive acid on the fabric, avoiding the loss of fabric strength caused by high-temperature baking, and then baking at 100-180 ℃ for 0.5-10 minutes.

The fabric can be cellulose, silk, polyamide or polyester fabric and blended fabric thereof.

(3) Softener and adhesive post-treatment

In order to improve the hand feeling and the strength of the fabric and improve the durability of the anion of the nano gel particles, the fabric needs to be treated by a softening agent and a bonding agent after the anion finishing of the fabric, and the specific method comprises the following steps:

placing the above fabrics in an aqueous solution containing an organosilicon softening agent, a polyacrylate binder or a formaldehyde-free cross-linked binderThe finishing liquid is soaked twice and rolled twice, and the pressure is 2-3 Kgcm²And drying the finished cloth in a blast oven, and then baking for 0.5-10 minutes at 100-140 ℃. The finishing liquid contains 1-4% of organic silicon softening agent, 2-8% of polyacrylate adhesive fabric and the balance of water.

According to the invention, a silane coupling agent is selected as a precursor to prepare the silicon-containing nano sol, and the padding method which is suitable for the textile is adopted, so that the nano film containing silicate can be formed on the inner surface and the outer surface of the fiber only bycarrying out heat treatment at 100-180 ℃, and negative ions can be released.

The negative ion finishing method is different from the existing nanometer material negative ion method, and silicate nanometer sol particles and a nanometer microporous film are formed on the fabric by using a sol-gel process, so that the negative ion effect is generated. Overcomes the defects that the conventional fine granules are easy to gather on the fabric, easy to migrate and weak in binding force. Simultaneously, the special performance of the nano particles is exerted.

THE ADVANTAGES OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

Compared with the traditional sol-gel process and the nanometer material anion finishing method, the method has the following advantages:

1. the baking temperature is low, and only needs to be baked at 100-180 ℃, and is 200-600 ℃ lower than that of the traditional solution glue-gel process;

2. forming a thin and transparent complex network nano sol particle film on the surface of a substrate by adopting a rough surface as a film forming substance;

3. the problems of difficult dispersion of fine particles and poor stability are solved;

4. the defects that fine particles are easy to gather, easy to migrate and uneven to disperse on the fabric are overcome;

5. overcomes the defects of weak binding force between fine particles and fabric and poor washability;

6. the use of the adhesive greatly improves the durability of the fabric negative ion finishing;

7. the use of the softening agent improves the hand feeling and the comfort of the fabric.

Detailed Description

The following examples will help to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

(1) Preparation of the finishing liquor

47.2g of gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane were added dropwise to 72g of an aqueous solution (pH adjusted with hydrochloric acid) containing pH 4, and stirred at room temperature for 2 hours to obtain a transparent silica-containing sol.

(2) Anion finishing

Soaking and rolling the all-cotton poplin 4040X 3372 in the sol finishing liquid twice under the pressure of 3Kg/cm, drying in a blast oven at 105 ℃, washing with water or neutralizing with alkali (removing excessive acid on the fabric to avoid fabric strength loss caused by high-temperature baking), and baking at 170 ℃ for 3 minutes.

(3) Negative ion test at room temperature, gently kneading, and testing with IC-1000 type tester, wherein the number of negative ions per cubic centimeter is 4800.

Example 2

(1) Preparation of the finishing liquor

47.2g of gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane was added dropwise to 54g of an aqueous solution containing pH 4 (pH adjusted with hydrochloric acid), and stirred at room temperature for 2 hours to obtain a transparent silica-containing sol.

(2) Anion finishing

(3) Negative ion test

Washing with water for 50 times, drying in the shade, gently kneading at room temperature, and testing with IC-1000 type tester with 5300 anions per cubic centimeter.

Example 3

(1) Preparation of sol finishing liquor

(2) Anion finishing

(3) Softener and adhesive post-treatment

In order to improve the hand feeling and the strength of the fabric and improve the durability of the anion finishing of the nano sol particles, the fabric needs to be treated by a softening agent and an adhesive after the anion finishing. The method comprises the following specific steps:

soaking and rolling the cellulose fabric in finishing liquid containing organic silicon softening agent (1%) and polyacrylate adhesive (3%) under 3Kg/cm pressure²The finished cloth was dried in a forced air oven and then baked at 120 ℃ for 3 minutes.

(4) Negative ion test

Washing with water for 50 times, drying in the shade, gently kneading at room temperature, and testing with IC-1000 type tester with 6100 anions per cubic centimeter.

Example 4

(1) Preparation of the finishing liquor

46.4g N- β - (aminoethyl) - γ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane was added dropwise to 72g of a pure aqueous solution and stirred at room temperature for 2 hours to give a transparent silica-containing sol.

(2) Anion finishing

75g/m²The silk broadcloth is soaked and rolled in the sol finishing liquid twice, the pressure is 3Kg/cm, the silk broadcloth is dried in a blast oven at 105 ℃, and then the silk broadcloth is dried for 3 minutes at 145 ℃.

(3) Negative ion test room temperature gently rubbed and tested with an IC-1000 type tester, and 6100 negative ions per cubic centimeter were obtained.

Example 5

(1) Preparation of the finishing liquor

29.6g of vinyltrimethoxysilane were added dropwise to 72g of an aqueous solution having a pH of 4 (pH adjusted with hydrochloric acid) and stirred at room temperature for 2 hours to give a transparent silica-containing sol.

(2) Anion finishing

70g/m²Soaking and rolling dacron in the sol finishing liquid twice under the pressure of 3Kg/cm, drying in a blast oven at 105 ℃, washing with water or neutralizing with alkali (to remove excessive acid on the fabric and avoid fabric strength loss caused by high-temperature baking), and baking at 145 ℃ for 3 minutes.

Claims

A sol-gel anion finishing method of fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) soaking and rolling the fabric in the nano sol finishing liquid at the pressure of 2-3 Kg/cm²Drying after finishing, washing with water or neutralizing with alkali, and then baking for several minutes at 100-180 ℃;

(2) the fabric treated by the finishing liquid is soaked and rolled twice in the water finishing liquid containing 0-4% of organic silicon softening agent and 2-8% of polyacrylate adhesive or formaldehyde-free crosslinking adhesive under the pressure of 2-3 KG/cm²Then baking for several minutes at 100-140 ℃;

the nano sol finishing liquid contains the following substances in percentage by weight: 0.1-90% of silane coupling agent, acid and C_1-40-10% of alcohol and 10-95% of water.
2, a method of sol-gel anion finishing of a fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that said silane coupling agent, acid, C_1-4The weight percentage of the alcohol and the water is 5-50: 0-0.01: 0-0.1: 50-95.
The method of claim 1, wherein the silane coupling agent is gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, N- β - (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, gamma- (methacryloyloxy) propyltrimethoxysilane, gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, aniline methyltriethoxysilane, methyl orthosilicate, or ethyl orthosilicate.
A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the acid is an inorganic acid or a water-soluble organic acid.
The method of claim 1, wherein the textile fabric is selected from natural fibers such as cellulose and silk, synthetic fiberssuch as polyamide and polyester, and blends thereof.