CN1587126A - Energy saving biological sewage treating method of low soluble oxygen filament bacteria sludge expansion - Google Patents

Energy saving biological sewage treating method of low soluble oxygen filament bacteria sludge expansion Download PDF

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CN1587126A
CN1587126A CNA200410068854XA CN200410068854A CN1587126A CN 1587126 A CN1587126 A CN 1587126A CN A200410068854X A CNA200410068854X A CN A200410068854XA CN 200410068854 A CN200410068854 A CN 200410068854A CN 1587126 A CN1587126 A CN 1587126A
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sludge
pond
aeration tank
active sludge
concentration
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CN1253389C (en
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彭永臻
陈滢
王淑莹
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SDIC Xinkai Water Environment Investment Co Ltd
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Beijing University of Technology
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/20Sludge processing

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Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of biological sewage treating technology. The present invention features that the biological sewage treating process includes the following steps: aeration of sewage in aeration tank with mixed active sludge liquid and dissolved oxygen concentration of 0.4-0.8 mg/L; deposition in secondary settling tank for water-sludge separation, overflowing supernatant, returning partial sludge to the aeration tank in the reflux ratio of 85-105 %, and exhausting other sludge; and stagnating active sludge in the secondary settling tank for not less than 2.5 hr while active sludge concentration is 800-3000 mg/L, or less than 4 hr while active sludge concentration is 3000-7000 mg/L. The present invention utilizes filamentous bacteria to raise sewage treating efficiency.

Description

Energy saving biological sewage treating method of low soluble oxygen filament bacteria sludge expansion
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of efficient, energy-conservation biological method for treating waste water, be applicable to and handle sanitary sewage and trade effluent.
Background technology
Biological sewage treatment is a kind for the treatment of processes of utilizing the removal of microorganisms organic matter of mixed culture, this is a kind of process that approaches natural purification, zoogloea bacterium and thread fungus are grown in together in the operational process, form the ecosystem of a microorganism, wherein exist the dynamic equilibrium relation on time and space between two quasi-microorganisms.In the active sludge flco, thread fungus forms the skeleton of mud flco, and other zoogloea bacterial adhesion forms mud wadding big and that intensity is higher thereon and carries.Thread fungus has great role for the intensity that guarantees the mud flco, as lacks the thread fungus of capacity, and the intensity of mud flco will reduce, and anti-shearing force can cause the muddiness of treat effluent to make the effluent quality variation also with variation simultaneously.
Usually the visual valuation method that adopts microscopically to observe is judged hyphomycetic quantity in the mud.Promptly, hyphomycetic quantity is divided into five grades according to the ratio of thread fungus in the active sludge and zoogloea bacterium:
0 grade: almost do not have thread fungus in the mud and exist;
± level: have a small amount of thread fungus in the mud;
+ level; The thread fungus that has moderate quatity, but total amount still is less than the zoogloea bacterium;
++ level: have a large amount of filamentous bacteriums, total amount and zoogloea bacterium are about equally;
+++level: have a large amount of filamentous bacteriums, quantity surpasses the zoogloea bacterium.
At present, comprise that the many countries of China are all with the leading indicator of SVI value as the judgement activated sludge settling property.The SVI value is defined as bulking sludge greater than the active sludge of 150mL/g.SVI be meant exit, aeration tank mixed solution through 30 minutes quiet heavy after, the shared volume (seeing formula 1-1) of precipitating sludge that every gram dewatered sludge forms.
Figure A20041006885400031
SVI in the formula---sludge volume index is called for short sludge index (mL/g);
SV---sludge settling ratio (%);
MLSS---mixed liquor suspended solid, MLSS concentration is called for short sludge concentration (mg/L)]
In thread fungus and zoogloea bacteria paragenesis system, because energy the force rate zoogloea bacterium of the low substrate of thread fungus degraded is stronger, thereby the existence of some amount thread fungus (±~+ grade) can guarantee organic concentration low in the water outlet and good purification efficiency.The suitable number thread fungus (±~+ level, and SVI<150mL/g) exists formed mud flco reticulated structure to help mud to catch suspended particle tiny in the water in precipitation process, and current are played a role in filtering and adsorb the free bacteria in the trap water and use clarification of water.But, hyphomycetic excess growth (++~+++level) will cause Filamentous Bulking (SVI>150mL/g), influence the sedimentation compression performance of mud.
For a long time, people think that Filamentous Bulking is a great problem in sewage work's operational management, think sludge loss, treat effluent water quality deterioration will occur as long as sludge bulking takes place, so that the whole collapse of active sludge operational management.In fact, the service experience of many Sewage Plant shows, thread fungus expansible active sludge takes place, just settling property is bad, when active sludge processing system has enough capacity and maneuvering ability, its processing capacity and decontamination effect improving are not only no problem, and also better than the water quality treatment of normal active sludge.Municipal sewage plant, Beijing takes place to reach six months Filamentous Bulking because of what low dissolved axygen caused, during the sludge bulking, its effluent quality is fine, leakage does not take place in mud, sludge concentration still can be kept desired level in the aeration tank, sewage work's operation is normal, and processing power is not affected.So, can make full use of this thread fungus bulking sludge and dispose of sewage, not only treat effluent water quality can be ensured but also aeration rate can be reduced.In addition, present many sewage works have all taked conservative way when design, and the residence time of second pond is long, so the sludge loss problem can be avoided.By innovation to traditional active sludge expansion idea, give full play to hyphomycetic physiological ecological characteristics, reaching under the prerequisite that guarantees effluent quality and improve processing efficiency, reduce the purpose of aeration rate and save energy again, will be significant improvement and breakthrough to conventional activated sludge process.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to the innovation on the traditional concept of relevant activated sludge bulking problem, utilizes hyphomycetic physiological ecological characteristics, gives full play to the advantage of thread fungus bulking sludge.Adopt the operating mode of low aeration rate, the aeration tank is moved under the low dissolved axygen condition, turns out to contain a large amount of hyphomycetic active sludge, under the prerequisite that guarantees effluent quality, increases substantially processing efficiency, saves the working cost of aeration.
Low dissolved axygen sludge bulking energy saving biological sewage treating method is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
Step (1) raw waste water enters the dissolved oxygen concentration that the contains active sludge intermixture aeration tank at 0.4~0.8mg/L continuously;
The water outlet of step (2) aeration tank enters the second pond precipitation, carries out mud-water separation, and clarifying supernatant liquor is deposited in the form discharging of the active sludge part of second pond bottom with excess sludge from overflow weir overflow, the discharging on second pond top; A part is back to the aeration tank with the form of returned sluge, and the control return sludge ratio is 85%~105%; When activated sludge concentration during at 800~3000mg/L, active sludge residence time in second pond is not less than 2.5 hours.When activated sludge concentration during at 3000~7000mg/L, active sludge residence time in second pond is not less than 4 hours.
Raw waste water enters the aeration tank of containing active sludge intermixture continuously.Place dissolved oxygen probe in the aeration tank, gather the signal of dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) and temperature, go out hyphomycetic control signal in a large number as cultivating.According to the variation of water temperature in the aeration tank and influent quality, in conjunction with the DO signal of being gathered, dissolved oxygen concentration is in 0.4~0.8mg/L scope in the maintenance aeration tank.The zoogloea bacterium is different to the avidity of dissolved oxygen with thread fungus in the aeration tank, and under the low dissolved axygen condition, hyphomycetic maximum specific growth rate is faster than the maximum growth rate of zoogloea bacterium, impels the thread fungus excess growth, forms Filamentous Bulking.The activated sludge process of Filamentous Bulking takes place, according to hyphomycetic physiology and ecological characteristic, it is strong and can form the characteristics of netted mud flco structure to give full play to the low substrate ability of thread fungus oxidation, treat effluent is further purified and filters, make effluent characteristics good, reach the purpose that reduces aeration rate, save energy simultaneously.
The water outlet of aeration tank enters second pond by rising pipe, precipitates in second pond, carries out mud-water separation (active sludge and processing back water outlet), and clarifying supernatant liquor (handling the back water outlet) is from overflow weir overflow, the discharging on second pond top.It is constant that the quantity of the active sludge in the aeration tank is kept, and guarantees its treatment effect.
For fear of the loss of the active sludge that is in swelling state, the volume of choose reasonable second pond, determine the rational residence time, if the second pond volume is excessive, will cause capital cost to increase; If the second pond volume is too little, cause active sludge residence time in second pond too short, may cause the loss of active sludge, reduce the activated sludge concentration in the aeration tank.When activated sludge concentration during at 800~3000mg/L, active sludge residence time in second pond is not less than 2.5 hours.When activated sludge concentration during at 3000~7000mg/L, active sludge residence time in second pond is not less than 4 hours.
The choose reasonable reflux ratio should guarantee to keep relative constant sludge concentration in the aeration tank, satisfies the different needs of practical situation again, also will reduce working cost.If reflux ratio is too little, it is insufficient to reflux, and can't guarantee to keep sludge concentration required in the aeration tank; If reflux ratio is too big, and because be expansible mud in the aeration tank, settling property is bad, may cause returned sluge concentration too low, and sludge concentration there is no benefit in the aeration tank for keeping, and increases running cost.The may command return sludge ratio is avoided sludge loss 85%~105%, ensures that the activated sludge concentration in the aeration tank maintains desired level.
Further specify: (1) the present invention is the Filamentous Bulking of utilizing.Activated sludge bulking has two types, and the one, the Filamentous Bulking that causes owing to hyphomycetic a large amount of breedings in the active sludge; The 2nd, accumulate a large amount of non-Filamentous Bulking that exist of no thread fungus that reasons such as high viscosity substance or the excessive propagation of bacterium cause in a large number owing to the zoogloea bacterium.What the present invention emphasized is to utilize hyphomycetic physiological ecological characteristics, gives full play to the advantage that the thread fungus bulking sludge can guarantee good treat effluent water quality.And when non-Filamentous Bulking takes place, the general variation of treat effluent water quality, so the present invention does not comprise the situation of non-Filamentous Bulking.
What (2) the present invention emphasized is the Filamentous Bulking that causes because of low dissolved axygen concentration.The reason that causes Filamentous Bulking has a variety of, such as: waste water quality, temperature, pH value, sludge loading, reactor fluidised form and dissolved oxygen concentration etc.The present invention refers in particular to main because the Filamentous Bulking that low dissolved axygen causes, the sludge bulking of having only low dissolved axygen to cause, could realize purpose of energy saving guaranteeing to reduce aeration rate under the constant situation of the original influent quality of sewage work, operational conditions and operation scheme.
Present method is specially adapted to oxidation ditch.Oxidation ditch adopts mechanical aeration, and its aerating apparatus has the effect that muddy water mixed solution circulates with certain flow rate in the promotion oxidation ditch, so can not produce the sedimentary phenomenon of active sludge under the low dissolved axygen condition.And in oxidation ditch, adopt the low dissolved axygen aeration, and also might produce synchronous nitration and denitrification (SND), improve the clearance of TN.
Present method is unsuitable for SBR technology.The length receptor 1 activity sludge settling performance impact of the SBR cycle of operation is bigger, has determined the time of precipitate phase.When designing sedimentation time more in short-term, should not adopt present method.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: traditional concept thinks that Filamentous Bulking is the operating cancer of activated sludge process, thinks as long as sludge bulking takes place, and will cause sludge loss, and sludge concentration reduces in the aeration tank, process result degrades.But, facts have proved, rationally control the residence time and the return sludge ratio of second pond, not only the activated sludge process that Filamentous Bulking takes place can not cause the problem of sludge loss, water quality treatment is also fine.It mainly contains following advantage:
(1) aeration tank is moved under the low dissolved axygen condition, turn out and contain a large amount of hyphomycetic active sludge, according to hyphomycetic physiology and ecological characteristic, it is strong and can form netted mud flco structure to give full play to the low substrate ability of thread fungus oxidation, and further filteration is carried out in water outlet.The organic concentration and the concentration of suspension of treat effluent are further reduced.
(2) compare with not containing or contain a small amount of hyphomycetic Sludge System, this system is because hyphomycetic skeleton function forms netted mud flco structure, and the anti-shear ability of active sludge flco improves, intensity improves.
(3) aeration tank is moved under the low dissolved axygen condition, also can produce synchronous nitration and denitrification (SND) phenomenon, further improves the denitrogenation ability of activated sludge process.
(4) aeration tank is moved under the low dissolved axygen condition, compares with moving under traditional high-solubility oxygen condition, and aeration rate reduces greatly, thus saving working cost that can be a large amount of.
(5) to original activated sludge process, when adopting this invention, only need to reduce aeration rate, select rational return sludge ratio and excess sludge discharge amount, be incorporated into discharge and determine that suitable active sludge is in the second pond residence time.The processing power that this invention is specially adapted to former construction is very big, and during actual motion, the active sludge treatment factory that flooding quantity is less.By the mode under the low dissolved axygen concentration conditions, both satisfied treat effluent water quality, can reach the purpose that reduces working cost again.
(6) the many municipal sewage plants of China are in when design, design more conservatively, and the second pond volume is bigger, and sludge retention time is longer, so the mud that expands the sludge loss phenomenon can not take place as a rule.After adopting this method, the working cost of these sewage works can reduce greatly, and can make full use of existing second pond, can also guarantee effluent quality simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the device synoptic diagram that the present invention adopts
1-inlet chest 2-constant current intake pump 3-aeration tank 4-aerating apparatus 5-second pond 6-sludge reflux pump 7-shore pipe
Embodiment
The main part of activated sludge process, aeration tank can be hybrid fully, also can be pulling flow type.Second pond is selected radial-flow or pulling flow type.The aeration tank is furnished with pneumatic line (inlet pipe), links to each other successively with aerator with air flowmeter.Place dissolved oxygen probe in the aeration tank, gather the signal of dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) and temperature, go out hyphomycetic technology controlling and process signal in a large number as cultivating.
(1) reduces aeration rate, reduce dissolved oxygen concentration (dissolved oxygen concentration is in 0.4~0.8mg/L scope) in the aeration tank,, turn out and contain a large amount of hyphomycetic expansion active sludge by long-term cultivation.
(2) (when activated sludge concentration during at 800~3000mg/L, active sludge residence time in second pond is not less than 2.5 hours to the choose reasonable active sludge in residence time of second pond.When activated sludge concentration during at 3000~7000mg/L, active sludge residence time in second pond is not less than 3 hours), avoid the loss of bulking sludge.
(3) determine rational return sludge ratio (return sludge ratio is 85%~105%) and excess sludge discharge amount, keep the reasonable sludge concentration of aeration tank.
(4) to original activated sludge process, when adopting this invention, only need to reduce aeration rate, select rational return sludge ratio and excess sludge discharge amount, be incorporated into discharge and determine that suitable active sludge is in the second pond residence time.The processing power that this invention is specially adapted to former construction is very big, and during actual motion, the active sludge treatment factory that flooding quantity is less.By the mode under the low dissolved axygen concentration conditions, both satisfied treat effluent water quality, can reach the purpose that reduces working cost again.
Embodiment 1:
With certain biotope real life sewage is former water (pH=7.2~7.8, COD=160~655mg/L).Selected improvement A/O process reactor useful volume 66L, MLSS is about 3000mg/L, between 20~23 ℃ of the temperature of reaction in the reaction tank.Return sludge ratio is 85~105%, and the residence time was greater than 2.5 hours in the second pond.DO concentration is reduced to 0.4~0.8mg/L from 2.0mg/L.Filamentous Bulking takes place.The COD clearance does not have influenced substantially, still remains on about 90%.The SS clearance improves, and water outlet SS can not detect.The TN clearance brings up to 55~75% by 30~45%.Can save 15~18% aeration oxygen-supplying amount.
Embodiment 2:
Municipal sewage plant, Beijing adopts oxidation ditch process, handles the water yield 170,000 m at present 3/ d.Its main technologic parameters: 16 days ages of mud; Reflux ratio 100~120%; Sludge concentration is at 4000~6000mg/L; About oxidation ditch hydraulic detention time 16.8 hours.This sewage work's second pond design residence time is 3.4h, and the actual motion water yield does not reach designed water so far, and the actual residence time of second pond is about 4.0h.Filamentous Bulking when DO is reduced to 0.3~0.8mg/L, takes place with low in aeration rate.It is good that treat effluent water quality keeps.COD, BOD 5, SS and ammonia nitrogen removal frank still maintain more than 90%.
Embodiment 3:
The municipal sewage plant, Chongqing adopts improvement oxidation ditch (A/O technology) technology, handles water yield 7000m at present 3/ d.10~15 days ages of mud; Sludge concentration is about 5000mg/L; Oxidation ditch is about total 21.2 hours residence time of name; About reflux ratio 100%.Second pond 5.2h between the design stopping time, the actual residence time about 7.5.After adopting the low dissolved axygen operation, dissolved oxygen concentration is reduced to below the 1.0mg/L by original 2.0mg/L in the oxidation ditch, how between 0.5~0.8mg/L.SVI is risen to more than the 110mL/g by 70mL/g.The day current consumption of aerator had reduced about 20% than originally.Water outlet COD, BOD, TP concentration still maintain original level.The TN clearance significantly improves, and water outlet TN concentration is reduced to below the 20mg/L about by original 30mg/L, can be reduced to 12mg/L.The TN clearance is elevated to about 75% by original about 45%, reaches one-level category-B standard (the water outlet TN<20mg/L) of the urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard of new promulgation.

Claims (1)

1, low dissolved axygen sludge bulking energy saving biological sewage treating method is characterized in that, it may further comprise the steps:
Step (1) raw waste water enters the dissolved oxygen concentration that the contains active sludge intermixture aeration tank at 0.4~0.8mg/L continuously;
The water outlet of step (2) aeration tank enters the second pond precipitation, carries out mud-water separation, and clarifying supernatant liquor is deposited in the form discharging of the active sludge part of second pond bottom with excess sludge from overflow weir overflow, the discharging on second pond top; A part is back to the aeration tank with the form of returned sluge, and the control return sludge ratio is 85%~105%; When activated sludge concentration during at 800~3000mg/L, active sludge residence time in second pond is not less than 2.5 hours.When activated sludge concentration during at 3000~7000mg/L, active sludge residence time in second pond is not less than 4 hours.
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101130447B (en) * 2007-06-08 2010-06-09 北京工业大学 Method for optimizing controlling denitrification and phosphorus release in double precipitation pool by A2/O technique
CN101607778B (en) * 2009-08-06 2012-05-23 北京师范大学 Water body purifying method of A<2>/O artificial floating island
CN102730910A (en) * 2012-06-19 2012-10-17 常州大学 Method for inhibiting expansion of anaerobic active sludge
CN113860653A (en) * 2021-10-27 2021-12-31 华电水务科技股份有限公司 Sewage treatment system and process utilizing filamentous fungi and controlling sludge bulking

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101130447B (en) * 2007-06-08 2010-06-09 北京工业大学 Method for optimizing controlling denitrification and phosphorus release in double precipitation pool by A2/O technique
CN101607778B (en) * 2009-08-06 2012-05-23 北京师范大学 Water body purifying method of A<2>/O artificial floating island
CN102730910A (en) * 2012-06-19 2012-10-17 常州大学 Method for inhibiting expansion of anaerobic active sludge
CN113860653A (en) * 2021-10-27 2021-12-31 华电水务科技股份有限公司 Sewage treatment system and process utilizing filamentous fungi and controlling sludge bulking

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