CN1587102A - Integrated sewage treating apparatus combining biological fitler tower and underground percolation - Google Patents
Integrated sewage treating apparatus combining biological fitler tower and underground percolation Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- VTEIFHQUZWABDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)-2-methoxyethanamine Chemical compound COC(CN)C1=CC(OC)=C(C)C=C1OC VTEIFHQUZWABDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 101150006573 PAN1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000192700 Cyanobacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219098 Parthenocissus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 gravel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Treatment Of Biological Wastes In General (AREA)
Abstract
一种生物滤塔地下渗滤复合一体化污水处理装置，由地面滴滤塔和地下渗滤系统两部分组成，开有通风口的滴滤塔塔内装有作为生物膜生长载体的填料，滴滤塔上方布置滴滤塔布水盘，下部设置隔栅网，滴滤塔出水管与地下渗滤系统中的布水管相通；地下渗滤系统的出水管埋在底部砾石堆中，上部特配土壤中埋设厌氧槽，地下渗滤布水管埋入厌氧槽上部的砾石堆中。污水在滴滤塔中大部分氨氮被转化成为硝态氮，大部分BOD被降解，进入地下厌氧槽后，剩余的悬浮颗粒被截留，硝态氮同时在槽中完成反硝化，而后污水经土壤渗滤进一步除磷、脱氮和去处BOD，达到深度处理效果。本发明成本低，应用灵活，安装维护方便，适合于分散性污水处理。
A biofiltration tower underground infiltration composite integrated sewage treatment device, which consists of two parts: a ground dripping filter tower and an underground infiltration system. The trickling filter tower with vents is equipped with fillers as biofilm growth carriers. The drip filter tower cloth water tray is arranged above the tower, and the lower part is equipped with a grid mesh. The outlet pipe of the drip filter tower is connected with the water distribution pipe in the underground infiltration system; The anaerobic tank is buried, and the underground percolation distribution pipe is buried in the gravel pile above the anaerobic tank. In the trickling filter tower, most of the ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrate nitrogen, and most of the BOD is degraded. After entering the underground anaerobic tank, the remaining suspended particles are retained, and the nitrate nitrogen is denitrified in the tank at the same time, and then the sewage is passed through Soil infiltration further removes phosphorus, nitrogen and BOD to achieve advanced treatment effect. The invention has low cost, flexible application, convenient installation and maintenance, and is suitable for decentralized sewage treatment.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种污水处理装置，尤其涉及一种由地面生物滤塔与地下渗滤系统复合而成的一体化污水处理装置，属于环境工程污水处理技术领域。The invention relates to a sewage treatment device, in particular to an integrated sewage treatment device composed of a ground biological filter tower and an underground infiltration system, belonging to the technical field of environmental engineering sewage treatment.
背景技术Background technique
我国是一个水资源匮乏的国家，然而随着我国经济的迅速发展，水体污染问题日益突出，各大城市的内河都受到不同程度的污染，黑臭、灰臭现象频发，太湖、滇池等流域则连年出现了大面积的有毒蓝绿藻水华。my country is a country that lacks water resources. However, with the rapid development of my country's economy, the problem of water pollution has become increasingly prominent. Inland rivers in major cities have been polluted to varying degrees. Black and gray odors occur frequently. A large area of toxic blue-green algae blooms have occurred year after year.
传统的二级城市污水处理厂大都采用活性污泥法来处理污水，该方法对导致水体富营养化主要的限制因子氮和磷去除效果有限，其一次性建设投资、配套的管道设施成本、运行费用对财政造成巨大负担，而且管理运行技术性要求比较高。在我国目前的国情下，大型湖泊和河流的周边农村地区和偏远的山区和旅游景点，筹建二级城市污水处理厂可行性不高。目前的面源生活污水处理的技术中，地下渗滤技术由于其建设成本低、运行管理简单、处理效果好而日益得到人们的重视。目前我国应用比较多的尼米型地下渗滤装置在系统进水管下面设厌氧槽(尼米槽)截留有机物，而污水的硝化却在污水流经尼米槽后在土壤表面张力作用下进入槽周围的好氧土壤区实现的，因而污水在硝化之后的反硝化往往存在有机碳源不足而限制系统脱氮效率的问题，另外地下渗滤技术还普遍存在容易堵塞、供氧不足、占地面积大等问题，如何改进地下渗滤如上所述的这些不足成为人们关注的热点。Most of the traditional secondary urban sewage treatment plants use the activated sludge method to treat sewage. This method has limited effect on the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus, the main limiting factors leading to eutrophication in water bodies. The one-time construction investment, the cost of supporting pipeline facilities, and the operation The cost is a huge financial burden, and the technical requirements for management and operation are relatively high. Under my country's current national conditions, it is not feasible to build secondary urban sewage treatment plants in rural areas around large lakes and rivers, remote mountainous areas and tourist attractions. Among the current non-point source domestic sewage treatment technologies, underground infiltration technology has been paid more and more attention because of its low construction cost, simple operation and management, and good treatment effect. At present, the Nimi-type underground infiltration device that is widely used in our country is equipped with an anaerobic tank (Nimi tank) under the water inlet pipe of the system to intercept organic matter, while the nitrification of sewage enters under the action of soil surface tension after the sewage flows through the Nimi tank. Therefore, the denitrification of sewage after nitrification often has the problem of insufficient organic carbon source, which limits the denitrification efficiency of the system. In addition, underground infiltration technology is also commonly prone to clogging, insufficient oxygen supply, and land occupation. Issues such as large area, how to improve these deficiencies of underground infiltration as mentioned above have become the focus of people's attention.
公开号为CN2286176Y的中国专利采用迅速扩散和逐级浸润的扩散方式，在处理槽中从上到下依次设计有土壤层、扩散层、两个浸润层、土壤层、砾石集水层。该发明的目的是提高布水效果、改善土壤的防堵塞性能，但其结构对于提高系统供氧能力的作用有限。The Chinese patent with the publication number CN2286176Y adopts the diffusion method of rapid diffusion and step-by-step infiltration. In the treatment tank, a soil layer, a diffusion layer, two infiltration layers, a soil layer, and a gravel water collection layer are sequentially designed from top to bottom. The purpose of this invention is to improve the water distribution effect and improve the anti-clogging performance of the soil, but its structure has a limited effect on improving the oxygen supply capacity of the system.
公开号为CN1405096A的中国专利针对地下渗滤法氮的去除率不高的问题，在布水管下面的渗滤扩散层引入一定量的原污水，提供充足的有机碳源促进反硝化效率，但这种方法增添了运行的操作难度，不便管理。The Chinese patent with the publication number CN1405096A aims at the low nitrogen removal rate of the underground infiltration method. A certain amount of raw sewage is introduced into the infiltration diffusion layer under the water distribution pipe to provide sufficient organic carbon sources to promote denitrification efficiency, but this This method increases the operational difficulty of operation and is inconvenient for management.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足，提供一种生物滤塔地下渗滤复合一体化污水处理装置，能有效提高脱氮除磷深度污水处理性能，成本低廉，占地面积小，适合于社区的分散性污水处理。The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the prior art, to provide a biological filter tower underground infiltration compound integrated sewage treatment device, which can effectively improve the performance of deep sewage treatment in denitrification and dephosphorization, with low cost and small footprint, suitable for Decentralized sewage treatment in communities.
为实现这样的目的，本发明的污水处理装置由地面滴滤塔和地下渗滤系统两部分组成。地面滴滤塔的壳体由玻璃钢、塑料或混凝土等材质构成，塔内装有作为生物膜生长载体如砾石、塑料或陶瓷等填料，滴滤塔开有通风口。滴滤塔的上方布置一个滴滤塔布水盘，下部设置由无纺布、塑料、金属等编制而成的隔栅网，底部的滴滤塔出水管与地下渗滤系统中的地下渗滤布水管相通。In order to achieve such purpose, the sewage treatment device of the present invention consists of two parts, a ground dripping filter tower and an underground infiltration system. The shell of the ground trickling filter tower is made of fiberglass, plastic or concrete. The tower is filled with fillers such as gravel, plastic or ceramics as biofilm growth carriers. The trickling filter tower has vents. A trickling tower cloth water tray is arranged above the dripping filter tower, and a grid net made of non-woven fabric, plastic, metal, etc. is arranged at the lower part. The water pipes are connected.
地下渗滤系统的外壳用玻璃钢、塑料、混凝土制成，内部装有特配土壤，底部铺设砾石堆，出水管埋在底部砾石堆中并从地下渗滤系统的底部引出。底部砾石堆与其上部的特配土壤用织物隔开，地下渗滤系统的上部土壤中埋设一个装有沙子等填料的厌氧槽，厌氧槽上部为用织物隔开土壤的上砾石堆，地下渗滤布水管埋入上砾石堆中。The shell of the underground infiltration system is made of fiberglass, plastic, and concrete. The interior is filled with special soil, and the bottom is paved with gravel piles. The outlet pipe is buried in the bottom gravel pile and leads out from the bottom of the underground infiltration system. The gravel pile at the bottom and the special soil above it are separated by fabrics. An anaerobic tank filled with fillers such as sand is buried in the upper soil of the underground infiltration system. The upper part of the anaerobic tank is an upper gravel pile separated from the soil by fabrics. The filter cloth water pipe is buried in the upper gravel pile.
生活污水由化粪池预处理后流经布水盘，均匀分配后滴落至生物滴滤塔内的填料表面，滴滤塔通过通风口的自然通风作用实现塔内良好的复氧情况。污水经过滴滤塔填料表面的生物膜处理后，经过隔栅网由滴滤塔出水管收集进入地下渗滤系统布水管，由布水管分配，经过表面长有生物膜的砾石堆后进入地下渗滤系统的厌氧槽，并在厌氧槽中达到足够的停留时间后在特配土壤表面张力的作用下爬升，连续地向下层土壤层渗透，在土壤层中进一步进行生态处理后由出水管收集排出系统。The domestic sewage is pretreated by the septic tank and then flows through the water distribution pan, and after being evenly distributed, it drips onto the surface of the packing in the biological trickling filter tower. The trickling filter tower achieves good reoxygenation in the tower through the natural ventilation of the vents. After the sewage is treated with the biofilm on the packing surface of the dripping filter, it is collected by the outlet pipe of the dripping filter through the grid and enters the water distribution pipe of the underground infiltration system, distributed by the water distribution pipe, and enters the underground infiltration after passing through the gravel pile with biofilm on the surface The anaerobic tank of the system, and after reaching a sufficient residence time in the anaerobic tank, it climbs under the action of the special soil surface tension, continuously infiltrates the lower soil layer, and is further ecologically treated in the soil layer and then collected and discharged by the outlet pipe system.
本发明中的地下渗滤系统可以放置在用玻璃钢、塑料、混凝土制成的外壳中，构成与外界相对独立的系统埋入土壤，系统表土上可以栽培花卉草皮等绿化作物，实现生态去污和景观建设的有机结合。本发明整个地上地下一体化污水处理装置可以安装于居家庭院或者小区的绿化场地中，根据污水负荷大小调节相应的尺寸，滴滤塔内的填料和地下渗滤系统内的土壤可以根据运行需要随时更换。The underground infiltration system in the present invention can be placed in a shell made of glass fiber reinforced plastics, plastics, and concrete to form a system that is relatively independent from the outside world and embedded in the soil. Flowers, turf, and other greening crops can be cultivated on the topsoil of the system to achieve ecological decontamination and Organic combination of landscape construction. The whole above-ground and underground integrated sewage treatment device of the present invention can be installed in the residential courtyard or the greening field of the community, and the corresponding size can be adjusted according to the size of the sewage load. replace.
本发明巧妙地利用生物滤塔供氧良好的优点完成大部分有机物的降解和氨氮的硝化，使得氨氮的硝化发生在地下渗滤装置的有机物截留之前，同时利用地下渗滤系统的厌氧槽截留剩余的有机物作为反硝化的碳源，实现反硝化效率的提高，同时厌氧槽对有机物的截留液化又解决了生物滤塔生物膜脱落引起的污泥处理问题，另外地下渗滤具备除磷能力可以对生物滤塔的出水进一步处理，使出水达到深度处理的要求。本发明采用地面生物滤塔与地下渗滤系统复合一体化结构，将滤塔高效处理后的出水引入地下渗滤系统中，对地下渗滤而言进水负荷降低，因而可以减少滤塔高度和地下渗滤系统所需的处理面积，体积的减小和占地面积的减少，可以方便地设计成一体化结构和成套设备，便于生产、运输和安装，滤塔填料和土壤可以根据需要进行更换，适合于一家一户或者社区的分散性污水处理。The invention skillfully utilizes the advantage of good oxygen supply of the biological filter tower to complete the degradation of most organic matter and the nitrification of ammonia nitrogen, so that the nitrification of ammonia nitrogen occurs before the interception of organic matter in the underground infiltration device, and at the same time, the anaerobic tank of the underground infiltration system is used to intercept The remaining organic matter is used as the carbon source for denitrification to improve the efficiency of denitrification. At the same time, the interception and liquefaction of organic matter in the anaerobic tank solves the problem of sludge treatment caused by the biofilm shedding of the biological filter tower. In addition, the underground infiltration has the ability to remove phosphorus. The effluent of the biological filter tower can be further treated to make the effluent meet the requirements of advanced treatment. The present invention adopts the composite integrated structure of the ground biological filter tower and the underground infiltration system, and introduces the effluent after the efficient treatment of the filter tower into the underground infiltration system, which reduces the water inflow load for underground infiltration, thus reducing the height of the filter tower and The treatment area required by the underground infiltration system, the reduction in volume and the reduction in floor space can be easily designed into an integrated structure and complete set of equipment, which is convenient for production, transportation and installation, and the filter tower packing and soil can be replaced as needed , suitable for decentralized sewage treatment of a family or a community.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
图中，1为滴滤塔布水盘，2为滴滤塔，3为滴滤塔填料，4为隔栅网，5为滴滤塔出水管，6为地下渗滤布水管，7为上砾石堆，8为地下渗滤系统，9为厌氧槽，10为特配土壤，11为底部砾石堆，12为系统出水管In the figure, 1 is the drip filter tower cloth water pan, 2 is the drip filter tower, 3 is the drip filter tower packing, 4 is the grid mesh, 5 is the trickle filter tower outlet pipe, 6 is the underground percolation cloth water pipe, and 7 is the upper Gravel pile, 8 is the underground infiltration system, 9 is the anaerobic tank, 10 is the special soil, 11 is the gravel pile at the bottom, and 12 is the system outlet pipe
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图和实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步描述。The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
本发明的污水处理装置由地面滴滤塔2和地下渗滤系统8两部分组成，结构如图1所示。地面滴滤塔2的壳体由玻璃钢、塑料或混凝土等材质构成，塔内装有作为生物膜生长载体的填料3，滴滤塔2开有通风口。滴滤塔2的上方布置一个滴滤塔布水盘1，下部设置隔栅网4，底部的滴滤塔出水管5与地下渗滤系统8中的地下渗滤布水管6相通。The sewage treatment device of the present invention is composed of two parts: a ground dripping filter tower 2 and an underground infiltration system 8, the structure of which is shown in FIG. 1 . The shell of the ground trickling filter tower 2 is made of materials such as glass fiber reinforced plastics, plastic or concrete. The tower is equipped with a filler 3 as a biofilm growth carrier, and the trickling filter tower 2 is provided with a vent. A trickling tower cloth water tray 1 is arranged above the dripping filter tower 2 , a grid 4 is arranged at the lower part, and the outlet pipe 5 of the dripping filter tower at the bottom communicates with the underground percolation distribution pipe 6 in the underground percolation system 8 .
地下渗滤系统8的外壳用玻璃钢、塑料、混凝土制成，内部装有特配土壤10，底部铺设砾石堆11，出水管12埋在底部砾石堆11中并从地下渗滤系统8的底部引出。底部砾石堆11与其上部的特配土壤10用织物隔开，地下渗滤系统8的上部土壤中埋设一个装有沙子等填料的厌氧槽9，厌氧槽9上部为用织物隔开土壤的上砾石堆7，地下渗滤布水管6埋入上砾石堆7中。The shell of the underground infiltration system 8 is made of glass fiber reinforced plastics, plastics, and concrete, and the inside is equipped with a special soil 10, and a gravel pile 11 is laid on the bottom. The bottom gravel pile 11 is separated from the special soil 10 on the top by fabric, and an anaerobic tank 9 with fillers such as sand is buried in the upper soil of the underground infiltration system 8, and the upper part of the anaerobic tank 9 is separated from the soil by fabric. The gravel pile 7, the underground percolation cloth water pipe 6 is embedded in the upper gravel pile 7.
生活污水由化粪池预处理后进入滴滤塔布水盘1，污水在滴滤塔布水盘1中均匀分配后滴落至生物滴滤塔2，在此过程中污水与空气直接接触，实现良好的复氧。滴滤塔2内部作为生物膜生长载体的填料3可以由砾石、塑料填料、陶瓷等组成，其特征是比表面大易于微生物生长。滴滤塔2开有通风口，利用自然通风作用实现塔内良好的复氧情况，污水流经滤料时由生物膜对污水中的大部分BOD(生化需氧量)进行降解，同时在此过程中，污水中的大部分氨氮在本装置供氧充足的特点下转化为硝态氮。污水经过滤料的生物膜处理后经过隔栅网4进入滴滤塔出水管5，隔栅网4由无纺布、塑料、金属等编制而成，其作用是阻挡污水中的大块悬浮物及脱落的大块生物膜直接进入地下渗滤系统引起堵塞。流经滴滤塔的污水由滴滤塔出水管收集进入地下渗滤布水管6，地下渗滤布水管6埋入用织物隔开土壤的砾石堆7中，污水在砾石堆中进一步由生物膜处理后均匀分布进入地下渗滤系统的厌氧槽9，厌氧槽9装有沙子等填料，对污水进行截留，大部分悬浮物和上述过程脱落的生物膜在厌氧槽9中停留酸化液化，而污水中的硝态氮在厌氧槽9中碳源充足的条件下进行反硝化，污水在厌氧槽9中达到一定高度停留足够时间后在特配土壤10表面张力的作用下爬升，连续地向下层土壤层渗透，土壤层的间隙中存在大量空气，污水在渗滤过程中，剩余的有机污染物和氨氮由土壤中的好氧微生物矿化或降解，污水中的磷则由土壤吸附去除。污水在经过生物生态两级净化后进入系统出水管12，出水管12埋在用织物隔开土壤的底部砾石堆11中。整个地下渗滤系统8可以放置在用玻璃钢、塑料、混凝土制成的外壳中，构成与外界相对独立的系统埋入土壤，系统表土上可以栽培花卉草皮等绿化作物，实现生态去污和景观建设的有机结合。本发明整个地上地下一体化污水处理装置可以安装于居家庭院或者小区的绿化场地中，根据污水负荷大小调节相应的尺寸，滴滤塔2内的填料和地下渗滤系统8内的土壤可以根据运行需要随时更换。The domestic sewage is pretreated by the septic tank and then enters the drip filter tower cloth pan 1. The sewage is evenly distributed in the trickle filter tower cloth water pan 1 and then drips to the biological trickle filter tower 2. During this process, the sewage is in direct contact with the air. Achieve good reoxygenation. The filler 3 inside the trickling filter tower 2 as a biofilm growth carrier can be composed of gravel, plastic filler, ceramics, etc., and its characteristic is that the specific surface is large and easy for microorganisms to grow. The trickling filter tower 2 is provided with a ventilation port, which uses natural ventilation to achieve good reoxygenation in the tower. When the sewage flows through the filter material, most of the BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) in the sewage is degraded by the biofilm. During the process, most of the ammonia nitrogen in the sewage is converted into nitrate nitrogen under the characteristics of sufficient oxygen supply of the device. After the sewage is treated by the biofilm of the filter material, it enters the outlet pipe 5 of the dripping filter through the grid net 4. The grid net 4 is made of non-woven fabric, plastic, metal, etc., and its function is to block large suspended solids in the sewage And the large biofilm that falls off directly enters the underground infiltration system and causes blockage. The sewage flowing through the dripping filter tower is collected by the outlet pipe of the trickling filter tower and enters the underground percolation cloth water pipe 6, which is buried in the gravel pile 7 separated by fabrics from the soil, and the sewage is further formed by the biofilm in the gravel pile. After treatment, it is evenly distributed into the anaerobic tank 9 of the underground infiltration system. The anaerobic tank 9 is equipped with fillers such as sand to intercept the sewage. Most of the suspended matter and the biofilm that falls off in the above process stay in the anaerobic tank 9 for acidification and liquefaction. , and the nitrate nitrogen in the sewage is denitrified under the condition of sufficient carbon source in the anaerobic tank 9, and the sewage climbs up under the action of the surface tension of the special soil 10 after reaching a certain height in the anaerobic tank 9 and staying for a sufficient time, continuously The ground penetrates into the lower soil layer, and there is a large amount of air in the gap of the soil layer. During the infiltration process of sewage, the remaining organic pollutants and ammonia nitrogen are mineralized or degraded by aerobic microorganisms in the soil, and phosphorus in the sewage is absorbed by the soil. remove. Sewage enters the system outlet pipe 12 after biological and ecological two-stage purification, and the outlet pipe 12 is buried in the bottom gravel pile 11 separated from the soil by fabric. The entire underground infiltration system 8 can be placed in a casing made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, plastic, and concrete to form a system that is relatively independent from the outside world and embedded in the soil. Flowers, turf, and other green crops can be cultivated on the topsoil of the system to achieve ecological decontamination and landscape construction. organic combination. The whole above-ground and underground integrated sewage treatment device of the present invention can be installed in the greening field of a residential courtyard or a community, and the corresponding size can be adjusted according to the size of the sewage load, and the filler in the trickling filter tower 2 and the soil in the underground infiltration system 8 can Need to be replaced at any time.
以下为本发明的一个具体实施例：The following is a specific embodiment of the present invention:
在上海市锦江乐园别墅区某户人家，共计人口5人，日污水发生量为1吨左右，利用家庭庭院3m×5m的绿化场地，放置截面为0.5m×0.5m高1米的玻璃钢制生物滴滤塔，塔内装有直径为3cm～8cm的砾石填料，生物滴滤塔外部种植有爬山虎藤类绿化植物，对外表进行覆盖，达到美化效果，地下渗滤系统面积为2m×2m，高60cm，外壳用玻璃钢制成，全部埋入土内，表面种植草皮，恢复原貌，地下渗滤系统所用的特配土壤为添加有粉煤灰等磷吸附剂的土壤。污水在经过化粪池预处理后由污水泵提升进入系统，进水中的COD、NH4 +-N、TN、TP浓度分别平均为110.5mg/L，18.1mg/L，34.6mg/L，10.5mg/L，经系统处理后出水浓度为10.2mg/L，0.9mg/L，3.1mg/L，0.2mg/L，去除率分别是90.8％，95.0％，91.0％，98.1％，处理出水满足国家建设部颁发的《生活杂用水水质标准》(CJ25.1-89)。In a family in Jinjiang Paradise Villa District, Shanghai, with a total population of 5 people and a daily sewage production of about 1 ton, a 1-meter-high glass-steel organism with a cross-section of 0.5m×0.5m was placed in a green space of 3m×5m in the family courtyard. The trickling filter tower is equipped with gravel packing with a diameter of 3cm to 8cm. The outside of the biological trickling filter tower is planted with creeper vines to cover the exterior to achieve a beautifying effect. The area of the underground infiltration system is 2m×2m and the height is 60cm , the shell is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, all buried in the soil, the surface is planted with turf to restore the original appearance, the special soil used in the underground infiltration system is the soil added with phosphorus adsorbents such as fly ash. After the sewage is pretreated in the septic tank, it is lifted into the system by the sewage pump. The average concentrations of COD, NH 4 + -N, TN, and TP in the influent water are 110.5mg/L, 18.1mg/L, and 34.6mg/L, respectively. 10.5mg/L, the effluent concentration after system treatment is 10.2mg/L, 0.9mg/L, 3.1mg/L, 0.2mg/L, the removal rate is 90.8%, 95.0%, 91.0%, 98.1%, the treated effluent Meet the "Water Quality Standards for Domestic Miscellaneous Water" (CJ25.1-89) issued by the Ministry of Construction.
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| CN107500468B (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2020-11-06 | 安徽师范大学 | Rural dispersion-centralized artificial sponge iron sewage treatment device |
| CN107601652A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-19 | 江苏大湖环境工程有限公司 | One kind layering bio-trickling case |
| CN109205966A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-01-15 | 景德镇陶瓷大学 | A kind of integrated A based on linker mode/O membrane bioreactor and sewage water treatment method |
| CN110498509A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-11-26 | 广西师范大学 | A high-ammonia-nitrogen sewage treatment device and a method for treating sewage using the same |
| CN110498509B (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2023-09-22 | 广西师范大学 | A high ammonia nitrogen sewage treatment device and a method for sewage treatment using the same |
| CN115536126A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-12-30 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | A biological trickling filter bag and system for household washing wastewater treatment |
| CN116161776A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-05-26 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | A method for household wastewater drainage and environmental discharge |
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