CN1579468A - Use of narrow-leaved polygala root in preparing medicine for treating senile dementia resulted from A beta - Google Patents

Use of narrow-leaved polygala root in preparing medicine for treating senile dementia resulted from A beta Download PDF

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CN1579468A
CN1579468A CN 03153399 CN03153399A CN1579468A CN 1579468 A CN1579468 A CN 1579468A CN 03153399 CN03153399 CN 03153399 CN 03153399 A CN03153399 A CN 03153399A CN 1579468 A CN1579468 A CN 1579468A
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radix polygalae
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beta
medicine
chinese medicine
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张岱
贾宏晓
屠鹏飞
姜勇
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MENTAL HEALTH INSTITUTE PEKING UNIVERSITY
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MENTAL HEALTH INSTITUTE PEKING UNIVERSITY
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Abstract

The invention discloses an application of Chinese traditional medicine yuanzhi in preventing senile dementia caused by A beta, the invention also provides the Chinese traditional medicine yuanzhi, especially the application of yuanzhi saponin in producing medicine for restraining beta-starch protein secretion and the application in medicine for restraining beta-secretion.

Description

The purposes of Radix Polygalae in the medicine of the senile dementia that preparation A β causes
Technical field
The present invention relates to the medicinal application of Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae in the anti-senile dementia disease, specifically relate to the Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae and suppress the excretory medicine of amyloid-beta of Alzheimer and the purposes aspect inhibition beta-secretase (the being called for short BACE) medicine in preparation.
Technical background
Senile dementia be a kind of be the central nervous system's of main clinical manifestation degenerative disease with the infringement of the cognitive disorder of carrying out property and memory, be the syndrome of intelligence infringement.This disease generally can be divided into 3 classes: 1. PDD is called Alzheimer (Alzheimer ' s disease, be called for short AD); 2. vascular dementia (VD); 3. Combination dementia (ischemic leukoencephalopathy under the existing called after cortex) comprises parkinsonism dementia (PD), lobar atrophy, Bin Siwanggeer disease (Binswanger).Alzheimer and vascular dementia are two big topmost types in the senile dementia, prevalence accounts for more than 90% of all dementias, wherein AD accounts for half, and the vascular dementia common with the another kind of geratic period has essential distinction at aspects such as the cause of disease, pathogeny and prognosis.AD hides onset more, and carrying out property increases the weight of, and is main clinical manifestation with the dementia, and the main pathology of brain changes into starch speckle, neurofibrillary tangles and selective neuronal and synapse is lost.Foreign data shows that worldwide, spend 1,000 hundred million dollar because of AD every year.Become the 4th cause of death after heart disease, tumor, apoplexy at western countries AD.China's Epidemiological study finds that crowd's prevalence reaches 3.46%~3.9% more than 60 years old, and other has report Beijing area prevalence is 3.3%, and area, Shanghai prevalence is 4.6%.The AD fatality rate that disables is high, owing to etiology unknown does not have effective treatment measure.
The cause of disease of AD is not clear and definite as yet at present, may be biochemical change, autoimmune and the viral infection etc. of acetylcholine in aluminum Developmental and Metabolic Disorder, the brain according to analysing.The etiology of Guan Zhuing has in recent years: the amyloidosis theory; Gene theory; The inflammation theory; And cholinergic damage theory etc.Increasing scientist believes that the mechanism of amyloidosis of AD is relevant with amyloid-beta.
Amyloid-beta generting machanism: three kinds of anomalous structurees are arranged in AD patient's brain: senile plaque, neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and amyloid deposition cerebrovascular.Senile plaque claims starch speckle or neuritis's speckle again, is the important characteristic pathological change of AD brain, all sporadic and all visible typical case of familial patient AD brain or dispersivity starch speckles.Starch speckle nucleus is amyloid-beta (amyloid β-protein is called for short A β or β A4).A β then has very strong neurotoxicity by emiocytosis after the cellular matrix precipitation is built up, be AD brain starch speckle periphery neuronal degeneration and main causes of death.Because A β is by amyloid-beta precursor (Amyloid β-Protein Precursor, be called for short APP) after beta-secretase and gamma secretase hydrolysis, produce, therefore suppress the generation that beta-secretase can reduce A β, so seek the focus that effective beta-secretase inhibitor is AD treatment research.
External AD medicine mainly is neurotrophy medicine, cholinomimetic or cholinesterase inhibitor, all belongs to the verification medicine, there is no the development that significant curative effect maybe can slow down AD according to research reports.Still there are not effectively inhibition A β secretion and effective beta-secretase inhibitor so far for clinical practice.
The traditional Chinese medical science comprised VD, the AD of doctor trained in Western medicine or the mixed type of the two about the diagnosis of alzheimer disease more, promptly at senile dementia whole associated conditions only for having made a general reference.Effective prescription of treatment by Chinese herbs senile dementia is that heart-benefiting recipe (Radix Codonopsis, Poria, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Rhizoma Acori Graminei, Radix Polygalae etc.) and the kidney invigorating side (Radix Asparagi, Radix Ophiopogonis, the Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Fructus Corni etc.), DANGGUI SHAOYAO SAN, Rhizoma Coptidis toxic materials clearing away decoction, Ramulus Uncariae cum Uncis loose, subduing the hyperfunction of the liver looses, Herba Sidae Rhombifoliae soup, Radix Bupleuri add Os Draconis Concha Ostreae soup, DX-9386 (Radix Ginseng, Radix Polygalae, Poria, Rhizoma Acori Graminei etc.) etc.Wherein clinical demonstration Rhizoma Coptidis toxic materials clearing away decoction is more effective to the treatment of VD.
In the record of Chinese medicine document, the plant Radix Polygalae belongs to intelligence promoting and the mind tranquilizing class Chinese medicine, " Chinese pharmacopoeia (2000 editions) has been recorded 2 kinds of basic source plants: Radix Polygalae Polygala tenuifolia and ovum leaf Radix Polygalae P.sibirica, medicinal part is a root, bitter in the mouth, suffering, temperature, GUIXIN, kidney, spleen channel have the Fructus Alpiniae Oxyphyllae of calming the nerves, eliminate the phlegm, effect such as detumescence.According to record, the pharmacologically active of Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae mostly is aspects such as eliminating phlegm and relieving cough, tranquillizing and allaying excitement, convulsion, defying age, blood pressure lowering and brain protection.
The composition of Radix Polygalae mainly is saponins, glucide class, ketone, alkaloid etc.The polygalic acid conduct is one of active component wherein, the research report of more existing separation, purification monomer whose.Arrow portion etc. has carried out the test of Radix Polygalae to the effect of neurocyte trophic factors, proves that the Radix Polygalae aqueous extract has protective effect to brain; The meal tomb is advanced for inquiring into the brain protection activity of Radix Polygalae; effect to KCN hypoxia cerebral disorders is studied; find that several acyl group sugar have the effect of shortening righting reflex disappearance persistent period; show partly cause that the Radix Polygalae cerebral protection occurs and acyl group sugared relevant (the meal tomb is advanced. foreign medical science-Chinese medicine fascicle; 1995,17 (5): 29).
Though there is the statistics of multi-section medical book to show, Radix Polygalae is one of Chinese medicine that occurrence probability is the highest in the nootropic drug, and its nootropic effect is more comprehensive, but research up to the present, also only be confined to research and development to the anti-senile dementia aspect of general reference, and mostly be the compound recipe form, the concrete mechanism and do not appear in the newspapers as yet of curing the disease from treatment of etiology angle or the researchs such as disease type alleviated.
At present both at home and abroad relevant treatment or the drug research of alleviating the AD that A β causes do not have obvious progress, and existing medicine all belongs to the verification medicine, at significant curative effect or slow down and do not see breakthrough aspect the development of AD yet; And Chinese medicinal formulae can only improve symptom, the Chinese medicine extract of screening treatment AD or active ingredient become focus and the common recognition in the international in recent years AD research field from natural Chinese medicinal herb, but the present research report that does not still have effectively inhibition A β secretion and effective beta-secretase inhibitor does not have at the systematic study of A β and medicine or the plant extract for the treatment of or alleviate AD from the etiology angle yet.Along with the aged's increase year by year, AD has become the able-bodied a kind of commonly encountered diseases of serious threat old people, and the medicine of screening and development treatment AD has become very urgent task.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the application of Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae in the medicine of preparation inhibition amyloid-beta secretion and preparation inhibition beta-secretase.
Another purpose of the present invention has provided the Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae and has treated because the application aspect the medicine of the AD that A β causes in preparation.
The mentioned Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae of the present invention is meant any pharmaceutically acceptable form of Radix Polygalae botanical drug substance, preferably mainly comprises the Radix Polygalae crude drug effective site of Radix Polygalae total saponins.According to the result of study of existing document, Radix Polygalae total saponins generally has following general structure:
Figure A0315339900061
R wherein 1Can be H, CH 3, CH 3CO, Glc; R 2Can be H, CH 3, CH 3CO, various monosaccharide, disaccharidase or oligosaccharide can connect or not connect CH on the sugar 3CO, p-methoxycinnamoyl, 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamoyl, 3, substituent groups such as 4-dimethoxycinnamoyl and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaroyl.
So the Radix Polygalae effective site that the present invention mentioned should be a class mixture that obtains by any feasible method, and removed composition such as ketone in the Radix Polygalae crude drug, sugar as much as possible and kept whole saponins materials.This Radix Polygalae effective site can be a kind of alcohol extract, also can be water extract or other forms of extract.The extracting method of described alcohol extract comprises that alcohol reflux extracts or pure supersound extraction, extract obtainedly separates out precipitation in cold preservation is placed, and this precipitate is through methanol (MeOH) dissolving, activated carbon decolorizing, acetone (Me 2CO) precipitation finally obtain rough Radix Polygalae total saponins extract (Yang Yun, chemical composition of Chinese materia medica extraction separation handbook, 1998 the 1st edition, p163-164); Perhaps process organic solvent extraction and/or process for refining and purifying such as resin adsorption method or column chromatography are removed other impurity components and are finally obtained the Radix Polygalae total saponins extract.
Radix Polygalae effective site of the present invention comprises the alcohol extraction product-Radix Polygalae total saponins of above-mentioned Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae; Also comprise Radix Polygalae total saponins dissolving or be suspended in the solvent, adopt organic solvent extraction and/or macroreticular resin absorbing method or column chromatography remove impurity, primary purification and purification after, the Radix Polygalae total saponins that utilizes the drying means of this area routine to be prepared into; Comprise that also the Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae slightly carries product-Radix Polygalae total glucosides, this Radix Polygalae total glucosides can be that commerce is buied, and also can be that root or the root bark with Radix Polygalae is raw material, obtains through solvent extraction, extraction.
The used solvent of described extraction Radix Polygalae total saponins is selected from the lower alcohol that water, ethanol, methanol, n-butyl alcohol or other be no more than 9 C atoms the mixed solvent that any one or any two or more solvent are formed with arbitrary proportion, adopt conventional extracting method, for example dipping extracts under the room temperature, or ultrasonic wave concussion extracts, or heated condition soaks into extraction or reflux, extract, etc. down, described solvent preferred alcohol finally obtains containing the Radix Polygalae extract that Radix Polygalae total saponins is a main component.
Described Radix Polygalae effective site is preferably the ethanol extraction of Radix Polygalae.
Described extraction, macroreticular resin absorbing method and column chromatography are those skilled in the art and know technology, can isocratic elution during eluting also can gradient elution, do not add at this and to give unnecessary details, and the mensuration of saponin constituent also can realize according to any conventional method or known method in the extract.
The inventor has disclosed the Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae by pharmacodynamics test can suppress the secretion of amyloid-beta and the effect of inhibition beta-secretase, and then has proposed the application of Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae in the medicine of preparation inhibition amyloid-beta secretion and preparation inhibition beta-secretase.
Based on such result, the invention allows for the Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae and treat because the application aspect the medicine of the AD that A β causes in preparation.
The present invention also provides a kind of be used to suppress beta-secretase and the excretory pharmaceutical composition of amyloid-beta, and said composition contains the Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae and the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier of above-mentioned arbitrary form.Described compositions comprises the dosage form of oral administration and the injection type of non-oral administration.
The Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae, especially described Radix Polygalae total saponins can be used as defying age, anti-senile dementia disease, especially treats the effective ingredient of AD medicine.Promptly, can make according to conventional method and be used to suppress beta-secretase and the excretory pharmaceutical composition of amyloid-beta, said composition contains the Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae of above-mentioned arbitrary form, preferably Radix Polygalae total saponins or contain the Radix Polygalae extract and the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier of Radix Polygalae total saponins.This medicine can comprise the dosage form of oral administration and the injection type of non-oral administration.Described oral administered dosage form is dosage forms such as capsule, granule, powder, tablet, syrup, tincture injection, can clinically be used for defying age, prevention and treatment senile dementia, especially AD.
During the oral administration administration, said composition and conventional medicinal adjuvant such as excipient, disintegrating agent, binding agent, lubricant, antioxidant, coating materials, coloring agent, aromatic, surfactant etc. are mixed, be made into form administrations such as granule, capsule, tablet; Can injection during non-oral administration administration, form administration such as infusion solution or suppository.When preparing above-mentioned preparation, can use conventional preparation technique.
The inventor finds that Radix Polygalae extract can suppress the secretion of A β, and the effect that suppresses beta-secretase is arranged that these two pharmacological actions did not still have bibliographical information in the past in the present invention through a large amount of pharmacology's screening operations.The present invention is also by carrying out alcohol extraction to the Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae, and what obtain defying age, anti-AD is the Radix Polygalae extract of main component with the Radix Polygalae total saponins.Radix Polygalae extract and other plant amedica of with the Radix Polygalae total saponins being main component can be used together according to the present invention.
In a word, the present invention has studied the Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae from etiologic etiological angle, especially Radix Polygalae total saponins is suppressing A β secretion and is suppressing effect aspect the beta-secretase and the medicinal usage among the treatment AD, be intended to seek the effective inhibitor that suppresses excretory active drug of A β and beta-secretase, thereby search out the active drug of treatment AD, believe that the research for anti-AD has positive progradation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the influence of Radix Polygalae extract (Radix Polygalae total saponins) to the total A β of APP695 gene transfection SH-SY5Y cell culture fluid.
Among the figure: lane 1 is total A β of control cells; Lane 2 is the reagent contrast; Lane 3-5 handles total A β of cell for adopting 1 μ g/ml, 2 μ g/ml and 4 μ g/ml dosage Radix Polygalae extracts respectively.
Specific embodiments
1, Radix Polygalae total saponins extract
Method one: Radix Polygalae (Polygala tenuifolia) medical material 1kg, pulverize, a little through defat with petroleum ether, add 7 times of amount 95% alcohol reflux 3 times, the 1st extraction 2 hours, respectively extracted 1 hour for twice the back, merge extractive liquid,, refrigerator was placed 24 hours, separated out precipitation, filter, precipitation is dried, with the MeOH dissolving of 10 times of amounts, activated carbon decolorizing, filter, filtrate adds equivalent Me through reclaiming solvent to 1/2 of original volume 2CO filters, and collecting precipitation is used Me 2The CO washing gets the about 40g of rough Radix Polygalae total saponins extract.
Method two: the 95% ethanol extraction extractum of getting the 1kg Radix Polygalae, suspend in water, use defat with petroleum ether respectively, chloroform, n-butanol extraction, extract are concentrated near doing, be dissolved in the water, last macroporous resin washes with water earlier, discards eluent, use ethanol elution then, eluent concentrates, lyophilization gets the about 20g of total saponins.
2, pharmaceutical research and result:
The present invention is an index with A β secretion in the suppressor gene transfection neurocyte, and the anti-AD activity of Radix Polygalae has been carried out deep research.
1) Radix Polygalae extract is to the excretory inhibitory action of SH-SY5Y cell A β of human amyloid-beta precursor (being called for short APP) gene A PP695 transfection.
Experimental technique: make screening model with APP695 gene transfection SH-SY5Y cell line (SH-SY5Y APP695).The condition of culture of SH-SY5Y APP695 cell is:
Culture fluid: MEM/F-12 culture medium, 10% (V/V) inactivated fetal bovine serum, 0.4 μ g/ml HYG, 1% (V/V) non essential amino acid, the glutamine of 200mm.
Cultivate: 37 ℃, 5% (V/V) CO 2Cultivate under the condition.
With the above-mentioned cell five equilibrium of exponential phase that is in 4 75cm 2Culture bottle in, every bottle adds the 10ml culture medium, to the cell attachment stand density greater than 95%, abandon culture fluid, with PBS (PH7.4) washing, add culture medium 10ml respectively, wherein three experimental grouies add the Radix Polygalae extract that 1 μ g/l, 2 μ g/ml and 4 μ g/ml said methods one obtain respectively, matched group adds the aseptic ultra-pure water of equal-volume, and cell continues to cultivate collecting cell culture fluid after 10 hours.
Each group cell culture fluid was divided centrifugal 15 minutes in 2700r/, get supernatant and respectively add anti-A β 1-16 monoclonal antibody (WO-2) 6 μ l, protein G-agarose 35 μ l, mix in 4 ℃ of rotations and to spend the night, 2700r/ divides after centrifugal 10 minutes and abandons supernatant, and precipitate is with PBS (PH7.4) washing three times, each adds protein electrophoresis sample-loading buffer 25 μ l, in 97 ℃ of degeneration 10 minutes, centrifugal, get sample on the supernatant.After electrophoresis 10%Tris-Tricine gel, electrophoresis finish with protein by the electrotransfer method be transferred to nitrocellulose filter (385mA, 40min).After finishing, electrotransfer place PBS (PH7.4) to boil 5min nitrocellulose filter to increase protein signal, nitrocellulose filter sealed PBS rinsing 3 times, each 5 minutes 1 hour with 5% defatted milk powder (PBS dissolving), adding monoclonal antibody WO-2 (dilutes with PBS, 1: 2000), hatched PBS (PH7.4) rinsing 3 times under the room temperature 1 hour, adding the anti-Mus IgG of alkali phosphatase coupling (dilutes with PBS, 1: 2000), incubated at room 1 hour is with dyeing with the BCIP/NBT system after the PBS rinsing.
The result: A β content reduces (Fig. 1) with the increase of Radix Polygalae extract concentration in the cell culture fluid, 6 times independent experiment all obtains identical result, and check shows that 1 μ g/ml, 2 μ g/ml have compared notable difference (p<0.05) with the content of 4 μ g/ml Radix Polygalae extract processed group emiocytosis A β with matched group with the Bonferroni multiple comparisons through one factor analysis of variance.Experimental results show that the Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae extract is inhibited to SH-SY5Y APP695 gene transfecting cell A β secretion.(seeing Table 1)
Table 1. Radix Polygalae extract is to the excretory inhibitory action of SH-SY5Y gene transfecting cell A β
Radix Polygalae extract concentration (μ g/ml)
Matched group 124
A β content and matched group contain
100.00±0.00 75.75±19.89 * 36.33±10.26 ** 28.86±8.42 **
Amount difference (%)
*:p<0.05, **:p<0.01。
2) Radix Polygalae extract is to the inhibitory action of beta-secretase (BACE)
Experiment material: recombinant human B ACE-1 (purchases in R﹠amp; D company); Fluorogenic substrate IV (purchases in R﹠amp; D company); Sodium-acetate buffer.
Instrument: Fluostar galaxy microplate optical detecting instrument and supporting fluoremetry 384 orifice plates (BMG company product).
Experimental procedure: the Radix Polygalae extract that obtains prior to the said method one that adds 0.01 μ g/ml, 0.1 μ g/ml, 10 μ g/ml and 100 μ g/ml in the fluoremetry plate hole, three multiple holes of each concentration, other gets three holes and does not add Radix Polygalae extract as negative control, adds enzyme and substrate, enzyme final concentration 4 μ g/ml thereafter in every hole, substrate final concentration 10 μ M, mixing, Ex320nm, Em 405nm place surveys fluorescence, calculate fluorescent value and change slope, relatively enzymatic activity.
Experimental result: the Radix Polygalae extract of 10 μ g/ml and 100 μ g/ml is respectively 69.64% and 83.28% (seeing Table 2) .IC50 (μ g/ml) to the suppression ratio of BACE: 0.2465.
The inhibitory action of table 2. Radix Polygalae extract beta-secretase (BACE)
Radix Polygalae extract concentration (μ g/ml)
Matched group 0.01 0.1 10 100
Suppression ratio (%) 0 45.32 45.48 69.64 83.28 to BACE
More than described specific embodiments of the invention, so it is not in order to limit the present invention.Those skilled in the art can not depart from the improvement and the variation of category of the present invention and spirit to embodiment disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1, the application of Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae in the excretory medicine of preparation inhibition amyloid-beta.
2, the application of Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae in the medicine of preparation inhibition beta-secretase.
3, the application of Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae in the medicine of the senile dementia that the preparation treatment causes owing to A β.
4, as the application of claim 1-3 in each, wherein said Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae is the Radix Polygalae effective site that contains Radix Polygalae total saponins.
5, application as claimed in claim 4, wherein said Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae effective site is the Radix Polygalae extract that obtains through the alcohol extraction method.
6, application as claimed in claim 5, wherein said alcohol extraction method comprises alcohol reflux extraction method or pure ultrasonic extraction.
7, application as claimed in claim 6, wherein said alcohol extraction method also further comprise organic solvent extraction and/or absorption with macroporous adsorbent resin remove impurity process.
8, as the application of claim 5 or 6, used alcohol is ethanol in the wherein said alcohol extraction method.
9, as the application of claim 1-3 in each, wherein said medicine is the pharmaceutical composition that contains Chinese medicine Radix Polygalae and pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
10, application as claimed in claim 9, wherein said medicine comprise the dosage form of oral administration and the dosage form of non-oral administration.
CN 03153399 2003-08-12 2003-08-12 Use of narrow-leaved polygala root in preparing medicine for treating senile dementia resulted from A beta Pending CN1579468A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103385929A (en) * 2013-07-19 2013-11-13 上海市中医老年医学研究所 A traditional Chinese medicine composition used for treating Alzheimer's dementia, preparation thereof and an application thereof
CN103893322A (en) * 2014-04-28 2014-07-02 中国药科大学 Effective part of traditional Chinese medicine for treating Alzheimer disease and preparation method and application thereof

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103385929A (en) * 2013-07-19 2013-11-13 上海市中医老年医学研究所 A traditional Chinese medicine composition used for treating Alzheimer's dementia, preparation thereof and an application thereof
CN103893322A (en) * 2014-04-28 2014-07-02 中国药科大学 Effective part of traditional Chinese medicine for treating Alzheimer disease and preparation method and application thereof
CN103893322B (en) * 2014-04-28 2016-01-27 中国药科大学 A kind of effective ingredient in Chinese for the treatment of senile dementia and preparation method thereof and application

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