CN1576866A - Tester for energy-saving fuse of circuit mounted with fuse - Google Patents
Tester for energy-saving fuse of circuit mounted with fuse Download PDFInfo
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- CN1576866A CN1576866A CN 03152357 CN03152357A CN1576866A CN 1576866 A CN1576866 A CN 1576866A CN 03152357 CN03152357 CN 03152357 CN 03152357 A CN03152357 A CN 03152357A CN 1576866 A CN1576866 A CN 1576866A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to electric test system, such as automobile tester, and repeated and controlled current pulse with short duration is used in lowering load current through the electric system. In one of the test mode, one pair of input contacts are connected across the fuse holder to turn on the circuit between the input contacts temporarily and repeatedly, so as to make the power source produce repeated current pulse through the system. When the current pulse amplitude exceeds some reference current value, sensible signal is produced. In one other mode, the electric system tester is designed to be inserted into fuse ends inside the fuse holder and the tester includes several exchangeable breaker modules for the measurement of circuits with different rated currents.
Description
Related application
The application requires the common unsettled U.S. Provisional Application No.60/382 that submitted on May 24th, 2002, and 934 and the right of priority of applying date of 60/323,384 of submitting to September 20 calendar year 2001, their disclosure merges as a reference at this.
Technical field
The application relates to tester, more particularly, relates to and is used to test the circuit that fuse is housed, such as the tester of short circuit or grounding circuit detecting device and indicator.
Background technology
Many electrical systems comprise a plurality of circuit that fuse is housed, and its fuse is placed in fuse board or the box.Usually, be easy to test the circuit on the fuse board, if it is positioned at relatively easy approaching position.When the circuit on the test fuse board, usually tester is applied on the circuit just tested, in parallel with fuse.Yet when the test short circuit, this process can cause this fuse that fuses.
Being well known that provides the circuit tester with built-in isolating switch, can be connected to replace fuse on the fuse board, is used to test the circuit that fuse is housed.A this device is sold by Snap-on Tools company, YA809 by name, and it is the short circuit steady arm.YA809 has the isolating switch of high rated current, and when YA809 being connected to the circuit with low rated current, this allows to flow in just tested circuit and has potential destructive electric current.In addition, YA809 requires the technician to be positioned at the position of fuse board so that the visual detector that is provided is provided.This may be inconvenient, may need this technician to be positioned at the other place of institute's test circuit when testing.The diagnostic techniques that another kind is used to find out short circuit or has a current path of electric current surplus is to repeat to replace the fuse of fusing till finding out fault.This can slattern a large amount of fuses before successfully finishing test.A kind of more practical methods of test is electric current temporarily to be provided and to be attempted to find out this short circuit by the isolating switch that can reset.
A kind of tester model has and is installed in the fuse two ends and repeats to allow electric current to flow through the 30A of this short circuit with the form of current impulse from resetting thermal breaker.This isolating switch is opened short delaying when hot, automatically resets after cooling then.Repeat the result of isolating switch action thus, during temporary transient high-current pulse, generate magnetic field around this short circuit line.This tester comprises the pin type magnetic detector of response magnetic field deflection.By move this magnetic detector along wiring harness, the user can point out this short circuit when this instrument stops deflection.
Because this detecting device must very connect up work near this, therefore be difficult to use this tester.Therefore, the repetition rate of thermal breaker has been approximately tens seconds, this make the technician in a position etc. closed for a long time this thermal breaker so that check that whether this short circuit is in that position.When the position of this short circuit be difficult near the time, this latent period has produced trouble.The long current impulse duration also makes at each impulse duration, this electrical system is exposed to have more long period of potential destructive high current level.Thermal breaker is easy to premature damage and instability, because their cut-out electric current is decided by temperature, life-span and other external key elements.
Other circuit testers do not allow high electric current, use to be transferred to short circuit and with the high-frequency AC signal of the mobile correlation receiver of this wiring.No matter the power supply of this electrical system is to connect or disconnection, this tester all can be worked.When this signal drops to 0, find out this short circuit.Therefore, guaranteeing correctly to connect institute's time spent makes and finds out this short circuit and slow down.The cost of this system is higher relatively, makes it can not become desirable instrument.
Therefore, exist, find out electronic failure quickly and do not make system be subjected to the needs of the tester that is used for electrical system of the destruction of high electric current for a long time playing reflection to short-circuit state more quickly.Further need can the detecting electric system and with the circuit of being tested in the irrelevant tester of polarity of contact.Same existence need be by setting the circuit breaker current limit so that find out the just tester of the level of mobile electric current of this circuit fast.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses the improved tester that is used for electronic circuit, it has avoided the shortcoming of existing tester, and other structure and service advantages are provided simultaneously.
Disclose and a kind ofly can directly insert the tester of fuse that fuse board replaces being equipped with the circuit of fuse.
A kind of tester that can be used to test the circuit of different rated current and not have the danger of the rated current that exceeds any circuit is further disclosed.
Further disclose a kind of tester, listening and visual indication of test result is provided.
The tester of a kind of simple, compactness and economic structure is further disclosed.
Disclose further that the circuit of fuse is equipped with in a kind of test and the method that do not have the risk of blow out fuse.
With the fuse end two ends in the circuit of switch application in test, it is temporary transient and repeat closed this switch so that produce short persistent current pulse in circuit, and wherein the size of current impulse is compared with specifying reference current.
Measuring current surpasses the method for the electrical system of designated value, comprise the fuse holder two ends that pair of contact are connected the fuse that is used to have the specified amount definite value, according to this specified amount definite value, circuit between temporary transient closing contact is so that produce the current impulse of passing through this electrical system, the size of this current impulse and the reference current value of appointment are compared, and when the size of this current impulse surpasses predetermined reference current value, produce appreciable signal.
The diagnostic test device that is used for electrical system comprises a pair of contact that is used to be connected the fuse holder two ends, and described fuse holder is used to have the fuse of subscription rate definite value.Gauge tap is so that temporary transient closed to produce the current impulse by this electrical system between the contact.Comparer compares the size of current impulse with specifying reference current value.Connect output unit, but so that produce the perceptual signal of expression when the size of this current impulse surpasses the appointment reference current value.
In one form, repeat current impulse so that the operator identifies the position of fault.Duration of pulse is quite short so that can not destroy system during current impulse.Make the test contact that is arranged in fuse holder and contact to being connected.The tester input voltage is with to be connected to the right polarity in this contact irrelevant.Pot is indicated and adjustment is arranged to provide and the specified current flow of the proportional threshold values of rated current of corresponding fuse.
Be used for tester that the excess current of electrical system is tested, comprise pair of contact, be used to be connected the fuse holder two ends, for use in fuse with subscription rate definite value.Provide switch so that temporary transient closed between the contact to produce gating pulse by this electrical system.The programming microcontroller is so that temporary transient this switch of closure to produce the current impulse of passing through the circuit in the test, compares this pulse and appointment reference current value, and produce specification signal when the size of this current impulse surpasses the appointment reference current value.
Circuit between temporary transient closed pair of contact produces the current impulse by this system.Therefore, compare by size and designated value with current impulse, whether the electric current of testing this electrical system exceeds designated value
In one form, control this current impulse so that have width in the 10-20ms scope.The repetition rate of pulse can be about pulse p.s. 1.
Description of drawings
The theme of attempting to protect for ease of understanding; example has illustrated the embodiment of the invention in the accompanying drawings; from inspection, when considering, should be readily appreciated that and recognize theme, its structure and the operation attempting to protect and many other advantages in conjunction with following description to it.
Fig. 1 is the front view of tester;
Fig. 2 is the view with the similar improved tester of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the view with the similar tester assembly of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the view of the tester assembly similarly revised with Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram of circuit of the tester of Fig. 1-4;
Fig. 6 is the top plan view of another tester assembly;
Fig. 7 is the skeleton view of tester assembly of Fig. 5 that has breaker assembly and be connected to a plug-in type connector of master unit;
Fig. 8 is the decomposition diagram of the tester assembly of Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is amplification, decomposition, the skeleton view of the tester components of Fig. 6;
Figure 10 is another amplification, perspective and the other exploded view of the tester components of Fig. 8;
Figure 11 describes the electrical system according to the automobile of the example property said embodiment;
Figure 12 represents to can be used on the fuse kind in the electrical system of automobile;
Figure 13 example illustrates the example of shell of the another kind of form of described electrical system tester;
Figure 14 example explanation can be used on the circuit diagram in the Electronic Testing device of Figure 13;
Figure 15 represents the other general structure based on the microprocessor form of the Electronic Testing device that can use with the Electronic Testing device of Figure 13;
Figure 16 (A) and 16 (B) are illustrated in the waveform of the pulse that the fuse holder two ends generate and the response that is generated by the circuit in the test; And
Figure 17 represents the structure of the magnetic current fault detector that can use with the Electronic Testing device of Figure 13.
Embodiment
With reference to figure 1, example a kind of electrical system tester, general represent with numeral 10, comprise shell 11, comprise tripper 12 (see figure 5)s, this tripper 12 can be specific rated current load, such as 20 thermal breakers that reset certainly of pacifying.Shell 11 has the reduction width and from its end supporting end that extend, that be designed to directly insert fuse board with a pair of spade tip 14, such as the thickness outshot 13 from motor-car, terminal 14 is identical with the fuse that is installed in usually in the fuse board.Shell 11 has and is used to browse suitable visual detector, such as the opening 15 of LED scintillater, and has the earcon of being used for apparatus, such as the opening 16 of suitable hummer.Tester 10 also is fit to directly to insert the fuse that fuse board replaces being used to testing the identical rated current of short circuit, so that the tripper in tester 10 is tested its short circuit, prevents current overload on the circuit and the risk of not wasting fuse.To recognize that in use, test suite can comprise a plurality of test components 10, each test component has is enough to cover the different rated current of specifying the fuse rating in the fuse board.
With reference to figure 2, example a kind of tester 10A, tester with Fig. 1 is identical basically for it, remove and replace having spade tip, be directly installed on outside the outshot 13, cable 17 by comprising electric wire connecting junction is connected to fuse adapter plug 18 with the circuit among the tester 10A, and this breakout box 18 has the spade tip 19 that is fit to directly insert relevant fuse board.This allow with the shell of tester 10A and fuse board separate some apart from placement so that be positioned at fuse board under the situation of the position that is difficult to see, check visual detector.
With reference to figure 3, example a kind of tester assembly 20, comprise shell 21, have socket 22 and have the outshot 23 that reduces thickness and width at the one end at its other end, this outshot 23 has a pair of spade tip 24.This shell 21 has visual and audible indicator hole 25 and 26.This tester assembly 20 also comprises breaker module 27, this isolating switch module comprise with tester 10 in similar tripper 12, this isolating switch module has when isolating switch module 27 is arranged in socket 22, the pair of terminal 28 that corresponding terminal 29 suitable and in the shell 21 is connected.Isolating switch module 27 has predetermined rated current, and is such as 20 amperes, consistent with the rated current of the fuse that will be replaced by tester assembly 20.Isolating switch module 27 is with the form of male connection and is installed in the socket 22 that this socket 22 is the forms with female adapter.
In the use, with the tester 10 described identical forms of Fig. 1, directly shell 21 is inserted the fuse that relevant fuse board replaces circuit that will test.To recognize that tester assembly 20 can comprise a plurality of isolating switch modules 27, have the different rated current of the different rated current unanimities that correspond respectively to the various fuses in concrete fuse board or the like respectively.Therefore, for example,, this 10 peace isolating switch module 27 can be inserted in these sockets 22 if plan to use this tester assembly 20 to test the circuit that fuses at 10 ampere-hours.This device has can test the circuit with various different rated current, only needs the advantage of single test and indicator circuit simultaneously.
With reference to figure 4, example a kind of tester assembly 20A, tester assembly 20 with Fig. 3 is identical basically for it, remove and replace spade tip 24, but be directly installed on the outshot 23, circuit in the shell 21 is connected to by cable 17 on the plug 18 with terminal 19, similar with the tester 10A of Fig. 2, be used to insert fuse board and allow shell 21 and this dish to separate some simultaneously apart from placement.
With reference to figure 5, example the circuit of the type in a kind of shell 21 that is placed on tester 10 and 10A and tester assembly 20 and 20A as mentioned above.This circuit has terminal 31, is directly connected to spade tip 14 or 24 or be connected to the lead of cable 17 respectively.Respectively terminal 31 is connected to the terminal of diode bridge 32, its output terminal is connected to the terminal of earcon device or hummer 33.That be connected in series in the hummer two ends is resistor 34 and LED35.To recognize that hummer 33 is placed in the shell 11 or 21 that is located immediately under audible indicator hole 16 or 26, place LED35 simultaneously so that can see by visual detector hole 15 or 25.Circuit 30 also comprises tripper 12, be under the situation of hard wire at terminal 31 two ends at tester 10 or 10A, or under the situation of tester assembly 20 and 20A, this tripper 12 will be arranged in isolating switch module 27 so that can insert socket 22.
With reference now to Fig. 6-10,, example comprise the tester assembly 40 of main shell 41, this main shell 41 comprises two molded structures 42 and 43 that link together by proper device.This shell 41 has and reduces neck 44 thickness, that go out from the one distal process.Be placed in the shell 41 for circuit board 45, this circuit board 45 has can be basically and the similar circuit shown in Fig. 5, and comprise earcon device or hummer 46 and visible annunciator, such as LED47, and have a pair of contact 48 that extends to neck 44, so that co-operating is to limit socket with it.Also respectively terminal 48 is connected to the abutting end of the lead 49 that forms cable, its opposite end is connected with socket 50.
Tester assembly 40 also comprises a plurality of socket adapters, and example illustrates three in them and represents with 51A, 51B and 51C respectively.Breakout box 51A-C has spade tip 53A, 53B and the 53C of different sizes respectively, is used for inserting respectively in the different big or small fusible link receptacles of fuse board.Although example has illustrated three breakout box 51A-C, will recognize, according to the dissimilar quantity of plan, can provide any amount with the fuse board bonder terminal of tester assembly 40 uses.In its opposite end, each pin adaptor 51A-C also has the pair of terminal 54 that is fit to insert in the socket 50.
Tester assembly 40 also comprises a plurality of isolating switch modules 60 (example), and it is with above-mentioned to combine isolating switch module 27 shown in Figure 3 similar, and has different rated current respectively.Isolating switch module 60 has can comprise that two are fit to the molded socket member 62 that is fixed together by any proper device and 63 socket or shell 61.Socket 61 has outstanding neck 64 and can hold the circuit board 65 of the suitable isolating switch with specified current flow capacity 66 at the one end.Isolating switch module 60 also comprises pair of terminal 68, can be placed in the neck 64 and when the neck 64 of isolating switch module 60 inserts the neck 44 of main shells 41, is suitable for closely cooperating with the terminal 48 of main shell 41.To recognize, tester assembly 40 can provide the dirigibility of increase, tester assembly 40 a plurality of different electric currents-electric capacity isolating switch module not only is provided, and a plurality of different pin adaptors is provided, so that can insert any one that replaces various dissimilar fuses in the circuit.
Electrical system tester shown in Figure 13-17 provides the quick repetition rate that should be used for producing by the load current pulse of this electrical system, short duration current impulse.Generate high-repetition-rate, short duration pulse cause the shorter connection cycle and still less electric current flow through this system.The operator is connected the specified amperage that the fuse holder two ends will fuse or remove fuse simultaneously with pair of terminal and is arranged on potentiometer dial or other reference level indicators.Be temporary transient and each closed circuit separately, and therefore produce load current,, send a series of current impulses by system by temporarily and repeat switch between closed terminal in described mode.
But generation can or be higher than selected current level and adjust to the perception alarm of connection, thereby be illustrated in the excess current that flows in the circuit.If the alarm access failure, this fuse that may fuse prematurely, or this short circuit can be interrupted or acyclic.If there is short circuit, alarm produces pulsation intermittently, and it represents that this circuit is just flowing through the more electric current that can transport than this fuse.During temporary transient high-current pulse, generate magnetic field around short circuit line.The operator moves magnetic sensor so that scan and find out the short circuit part that this sensor stops indicator current along this lead.In addition, this operator can stop pulsation up to alarm by " shake " these leads.
Manual operation pot or other benchmark adjusting gears are so that adjust the amplitude of current impulse according to the rated current of fusing or removal fuse.By adjusting upward pot till alarm stops, the magnitude of current of circuit is flow through in indication.
Figure 11 represents the figure of the electrical system in the automobile.System 110 has a plurality of circuit by battery 112 power supplies, and this battery 112 offers each electrical load with the DC power supply, such as lamp, motor-driven part and other DC parts as representing with load 114.One group of fuse 116 is included in the fuse block 118 and can remove structure is arranged in fuse holder 120.Its corresponding circuit of each fuse series connection and have the amperage of the currents match that is had with that circuit.The fuse rated current be short-circuited or the situation of partial circuit by a large amount of electric currents under, excess current destroys before the critical piece, the electric current when its tripping operation or fusing.
Figure 12 represents to be used in the typical fuse in the automobile circuit.Fuse 130 has protection such as the resistive element in the insulation shell of electron tube 138 132.The resistance of this element 132 is defined as the high electrical resistance value corresponding with higher nominal with the rated current of this fuse, wherein provides low rated current than low resistance for this fuse.The conductive head 134 that is connected to the fuse two ends can contact with electrically conductive socket by being arranged in fuse holder 120 with 136, as shown in figure 11.
With reference to Figure 13, the external structure of Electronic Testing device has been described, represent the shell of this tester and the example of surface.Shell 181 keeps and the circuit of protection electrical system and the various terminals that are provided for indicator on its outer surface and are connected to other equipment.But LED window 182 and alert audio output 186 provide the perception diagnostic indicators.Dividing plate 184 being placed on the surface of shell 181 and being provided for allowing this tester is the position of portable removable battery.In addition, the AC adapter can be connected to AC outlet 185, is used for providing the energy when not using battery.Connector outlet 188 is provided for inserting the terminal of tester cord 154, and conversely, tester cord 154 is connected to the tester inlet plug 150 with plug insertion portion 152.Realize a pair ofly removing terminal such as binding clip or other suitable connectors, as shown in figure 11 so that the tester plug that enters the mouth is connected to the fuse circuit at fuse holder 120 two ends.Shell 181 further comprises index dial 190, the electric current scale 192 of the rated current scale that this index dial 190 passing markers one-tenth expression is used to test.This index dial selects rated current and this tester to be set to the automobile circuit typical current from the electric current scale.
The example of the circuit diagram of electrical system tester has been shown among Figure 14.This tester comprises pair of terminal 220, so that use by fuse holder 120, as shown in figure 11, resistor R 1 break contacts common and electromechanical relay 200 are electrically connected in series.This contact is temporary transient and repeat closed so that produce short duration current impulse by power supply by the fuse holder in input end and the circuit.Progressively form the definite input voltage of electric current that flows through this resistor according to Ohm law at the two ends of R1.
With this input voltage by being applied to the full-bridge rectifier 202 formed by diode D1-D4 so that the positive voltage signal by current-limiting resistor R2 to be provided.The right closure in the contact at this input voltage and these input end two ends has nothing to do.That is, use the contact at full-bridge rectifier permission non-disconnecting fuse-holder two ends and need not to comply with polarity, thus the accelerated test process.In full-bridge rectifier, electric current flows through two diodes in any one direction.Under the situation of germanium diode, for example, total voltage is reduced to about 0.6 volt, and it is the twice of 0.3 volt of voltage drop at each diode two ends.
Capacitor C1 is connected rectifier terminal two ends and passes through resistor R 1 by the input voltage pulse charge.The network of C1-R1 provides functions of low-pass filter and temporary transient storage input voltage.The storage voltage at capacitor C1 two ends is offered the different amplifier circuits of forming by first operational amplifier 204 and resistor R 3-R6.Select resistor values so that stage gain-1 to be provided.Operational amplifier can be a discrete parts or at one chip, such as LM324, on have the part of the integrated circuit of a plurality of amplifier IC1.With the output of this amplifier offer in the circuit common bus as a reference and to by the synchronous negative supply main line of the voltage of C1-V pulsation.
To be connected to the voltage comparator circuit of forming by second operational amplifier 206 from the output of differential amplifier by resistor R 7.Be provided for representing fusing or removed the trip-point benchmark of the specified amperage of fuse by bleeder circuit, this bleeder circuit is made up of resistor R 8-R10 and is connected between omnibus circuit and the negative supply main line-V.Resistor R 9 is mounted in adjustable resistor or the pot on the front panel of shell, is used to select the comparer trip-point.As shown in figure 13, index dial 190 is connected on the bar of the resistor R 9 on the negative input end of operational amplifier 204 and selects amperage setting values different on the scale 192.Changing the resistance value operator is convenient to adjust tester according to the specified amperage of fusing or removal fuse.For stability, the resistor R 11 that is connected operational amplifier 206 two ends provides magnetic hysteresis as feedback resistor to comparer.Capacitor C5 is connected between the negative input of operational amplifier 206 and the negative supply so that minimize noise on the comparator reference.
When comparer output is very high, use output to come switch alarm 208 from comparer.By resistor R 12 comparer output is connected to driving transistors Q1, encourages alarm 208 to realize switch.Alarm generates will be from listened to the chimes of doom of audio alarm 186 outputs, as shown in figure 13.But alarm can be highlighted indicator or the device that generates any artificial perceptual signal.For example, warning acoustical generator MSR-320 can be used to generate and can listen alerting signal.Still be higher than during cycle of fixed point voltage of this comparer this continuation of reporting to the police at the voltage at capacitor C1 two ends.This time cycle can listen perception long with permission by the operator than closing relay contact basically.Be used to report to the police typically the cycle is about 100 milliseconds on time.
Further with reference to Figure 14, configuration pulsation unstable oscillation device is so that generate the gating pulse at relay 200 two ends, and this relay is temporary transient and repeat the circuit of 220 of closing contacts.Therefore, by the current impulse of the generation of the electrical system in the test from this power supply.Oscillator comprises operational amplifier 210 and resistor R 13-R16, and wherein resistor R 14 is connected the operational amplifier two ends as feedback resistor.Resistor R 15 and R16 each with stabistor D5 and D6 in the two ends of connecting and being connected operational amplifier 210.Resistor R 15 and diode D5 are provided with the output current duration of pulse, and resistor R 16 and diode D6 are provided with the repetition rate of this train of impulses.Capacitor C2 is connected between the negative input end and negative supply of operational amplifier 210.
As Figure 14 institute method, the output of oscillator is by resistor R 17 driving transistors Q2.When the output of this oscillator is very low when continuing about 10 milliseconds, connect transistor.In its on-state, transistor Q2 makes the coil electricity of relay 200, thereby according to this electrical system tester, the closed as mentioned above contact that is arranged on the fuse board two ends.Resistor R 18, shunting transistor Q2 guarantee to drop on disconnection transistor Q2 when being lower than about 1.5 volts of positive supply main line+V when the output of the height of operational amplifier.Therefore, switch on and off and can temporarily and repeat closing contact 220 during to the coil electricity of relay 200 during in its on-state as transistor Q2.In addition, diode D7 is positioned at switch 200 two ends, and when generating current impulse, the noise spike that shunting generates in the induction of relay coil 200 two ends.
The further actuation indicator device notice of the output of operational amplifier 210 is the operator of the tester of the time cycle that current impulse is connected.Device indicating can be light emitting diode (LED) but, audio alarm or any perceptual signal.For example, as shown in figure 16, LED212 is connected between the output and negative supply of operational amplifier 210 by resistor R 19.Height is shinny in the time of lasting about 1 second to have generated current impulse with expression to LED212 when oscillator is output as.LED212 can be installed on the LED window 182 on the tester shell box 181.
Replace the microprocessor of discrete circuit to can be used to control the contact at temporary transient closed fuse holder two ends so that generate current impulse by power supply by this electrical system.The example of this system is shown in Figure 15, and expression is based on the system 300 of microprocessor, the I/O port 306 that it comprises microprocessor 302, storage arrangement 304 and is used for transmission information and instruction.Microprocessor 302 is programmed to generate is used for temporary transient and repeats the circuit at closed fuse board 120 two ends, preset frequency as shown in figure 11 and the gating pulse of pulse width.The size that further processor is programmed for the current impulse of will cross from the circuit flow in the power supply tested person with compare by fusing or the reference current value of removing the rated current setting of fuse.Analog digital (A/D) converter is the index dial 190 received current setting values that are used for from as shown in figure 13, and the inlet of digital current threshold value setting value is provided to microprocessor 302.In addition, the current level that A/D converter 308 receives and conversion tested person circuit flow is crossed is to provide the excess current of crossing with circuit flow consistent digital current pulse reading.Then, by I/O port 306 this current impulse reading is sent to microprocessor 302.
The current impulse reading of the circuit in the microprocessor self-test in the future and the specified threshold values of fuse compare.If electrical system flows through than the more electric current of threshold current, generate signal 320 to connect alarm, there is the ratings that exceeds its corresponding fuse by the electric current of this electrical system in expression.Further this microprocessor of programming serves as to open long enough to keep this alarm, so that the operator perceives this signal.This signal can be can listen, optical signal, such as LED or the like.With reference Figure 14 described those similarly other indicators can be by the output activation signal of microprocessor.Figure 15 further shows display device 310 and the input media 312 that is connected to microprocessor by the I/O port, and the system and the execution that are used to programme based on microprocessor are tested.
With reference to Figure 16 (A), gating pulse 400 is represented temporarily and the repetition closure fuses or the figure of the contact at the fuse board two ends of removal fuse.The repetition rate of this pulse can be approximately pulse p.s. one.Gating pulse is to have the width in the 10-20ms scope.The circuit of able to programme or the design microcontroller of Figure 15 and Figure 14 is to provide assigned frequency and the gating pulse in the duration.
Figure 16 (B) expression has the current impulse 450 of the electric current that the frequency identical with gating pulse 400, expression tested person circuit flow through from power supply.Fusing that reference current values or expression be provided with by the index dial of the front end of the shell shown in Figure 13 180 or the threshold level of removing the rated current of fuse are specified in current level 470 expression.Current impulse 460 shows the electric current that is flow through from power supply by circuit, exists short circuit or partial circuit to flow through under the situation of multiple current, and this electric current can surpass threshold level 470.Comparator circuit or the amplitude and the threshold current level 470 of pulse 460 are compared based on the programming microprocessor system.Tester is reported to the police but generate perception when detecting this circuit flow and cross the appointment reference current.
Magnetic detector can be used to when detect this circuit flow find out short circuit during multiple current.Detecting device indication since during the result's of repeat switch operation the temporary transient high-current pulse around the magnetic field of short circuit line.Described an example of this magnetic sensor in Figure 17, expression has the sensor 500 of shell 508, connects the conducting ring 506 that is used to detect magnetic field at this shell.Port 510 and 512 provides respectively over the ground and being connected of power supply.With the pin 504 that is arranged in display window 502 or the indicator of other types, represent to exist magnetic field such as the deflection of banded gauge or digital indicator.Move this magnetic sensor by lead, when this detection stops indicator current, find out short circuit along the circuit in the test.This magnetic sensor can be independent parts or with the integration section of disclosed electrical system tester.Can make other modification so that the integrated or detachable magnetic sensor that is connected with this tester is provided to the shell of tester.
The electrical system tester of Figure 13-15 provides the voltage stabilizer of 5 volts of stabilized power sources to obtain power supply from Voltaic battery with between negative supply main line-V and omnibus circuit.Obviously, can comprise other supply unit.According to specific design and structure, can remove power supply unit, AC breakout box and other power supply and rise to this tester.But power supply can be the removing component of inserting in the battery socket that has or do not have the port that is connected with the AC breakout box.
Power supply in described electrical system tester can have the various structures according to application-specific.For example, power supply can be the form that can provide the battery of necessary power supply with various types of.Battery can be conventional alkaline battery, high-quality lithium ion battery, or the battery of customization.Battery can be chargeable, so that provide convenience and reuse.This rechargeable battery is the form with NI-G (NiCd) or ni-mh (NiMH) battery.Yet, should be noted that can provide must power supply the rechargeable battery of any other type of output can be used in this electrical system tester.
Obviously, the structure of disclosed electrical system tester can provide the equipment of compactness, hand-held or simple form.The available material that crash protection is provided constitutes this tester and falls so that this tester can bear from various height.
The embodiment disclosed herein can comprise any available suitable voltage source, such as battery, alternator or the like, provides any suitable voltage, all 13 volts according to appointment, about 43 volts or the like.
Embodiment described here can be used with any required system or engine.Those systems or engine can comprise and utilize fossil fuel, such as gasoline, rock gas, propane or the like, such as by battery, magneto, solar cell or the like, wind and potpourri or it is in conjunction with the electric product that generates.Those systems or engine can be included in another system, in automobile, truck, bateau or ship, motorcycle, generator, aircraft or the like.
Whether the electric current that the described tester of Figure 13-15 advantageously allows the operator to test by electrical system exceeds the appointment reference current value, and this electric current is to be produced by the high-frequency current pulse by this system.There is the current level that is higher than reference current value in the indicator notice.The operator determines the position of fault and can for a long time electrical system be exposed to the damaging high current level that is sent by system at each impulse duration in the short time cycle then.
From above; the improved proving installation that is used to test short circuit or grounding circuit is provided as can be seen; it provides visual and maybe can listen indication and can directly insert the fuse that replaces in the various dissimilar fuse boards the circuit that fuse is housed of tested person, provides effective overload protection at test period simultaneously.
Although illustrated and described specific embodiment, those skilled in the art will recognize under the situation of the principle that does not break away from the measuring technology in its broad aspect, can make a change and revise.Only be provided at content described in above-mentioned instructions and the accompanying drawing rather than conduct restriction by example.
Claims (34)
1, a kind of tester that multiple current is tested of crossing that is used for electrical system, described system is powered by power supply, and comprises the fuse holder of the fuse that is used to have the subscription rate definite value, and described tester comprises:
Pair of contact is connected electrically in the two ends of described fuse holder;
Switch is connected with described contact and can be connected with described power supply, can temporarily closed described switch so that current impulse is delivered to described fuse holder;
Controller is connected with described switch, and it is repeatedly temporary transient closed to control described switch;
Comparer compares the size of described current impulse with specifying reference current value; And
Indicator when the size of described current impulse surpasses described appointment reference current value big or small, but produces perceptual signal.
2, tester as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, further comprises rectifier in having the right circuit in described contact, and described rectifier produces the input voltage signal irrelevant with being connected to the right polarity in described contact.
3, tester as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described controller comprises the oscillator of the gating pulse that generates preset width and frequency.
4, tester as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the pulse width of described gating pulse in the scope of about 10-20 millisecond and pulse recurrence rate be about 1 cycle of per second.
5, tester as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, further comprise with described contact to resistor of connecting and the differential amplifier that is connected to described resistor, described differential amplifier detects the voltage drop at described resistor two ends.
6, tester as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described comparer comprises operational amplifier.
7, tester as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, further comprises microprocessor, and programming is used for
(a) temporary transient closed described switch is so that the power supply generation current impulse by described electrical system;
(b) size with described current impulse compares with specifying reference current value; And
(c) when the size of described current impulse surpasses described appointment reference current value big or small, but produce perceptual signal.
8, the device that is used for the detecting electric system as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, repeating said steps (a) to (c) has preset width and frequency with generation current impulse.
9, the device that is used for the detecting electric system as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described current pulse width is that about 10-20 millisecond and pulse recurrence rate are the about one-period of per second.
10, a kind of electrical system is surpassed the method that the electric current of designated value is tested, described system is by the power supply power supply and comprise the fuse holder of the fuse that is used to have the subscription rate definite value, and described method comprises step:
Pair of contact is connected described fuse holder two ends;
Circuit between temporary transient closed described contact is so that produce current impulse by the power supply by described electrical system;
The size of described current impulse is compared with specifying reference current value; And
When the size of described current impulse surpasses described appointment reference current signal big or small, but produce perceptual signal.
11, the method for detecting electric as claimed in claim 10 system is characterized in that, further comprises:
Repeat the step of the circuit between the described contact of described temporary transient closure so that produce the current impulse of repetition by described electrical system.
12, the method for detecting electric as claimed in claim 11 system is characterized in that, produces current impulse with the speed of 1 pulse of per second.
13, the method for detecting electric as claimed in claim 12 system is characterized in that each current impulse has the duration in 10-20 millisecond scope.
14, the method for detecting electric as claimed in claim 10 system is characterized in that, further comprises according to the rated current for the fuse that is connected to described fuse holder appointment, sets the step of specifying reference current value.
15, the method for detecting electric as claimed in claim 14 system is characterized in that, described appointment reference current value is to be provided with by adjusting variohm.
16, the method for detecting electric as claimed in claim 10 system is characterized in that, further comprises by described system, irrespectively generates the step of positive voltage signal with the right polarity in described contact.
17, the method for detecting electric as claimed in claim 10 system is characterized in that, but further comprises when producing perceptual signal, determines the step of location of short circuit.
18, a kind of tester that is used for the detecting electric system comprises fuse holder, is used to have the fuse of predetermined rated current loading, and described device comprises:
Pair of contact is electrically connected to described fuse holder;
Isolating switch, it is right to be electrically connected to described contact, and has the predetermined rated current loading identical with described fuse; And
Indicator when having over-current condition in described isolating switch, but produces perceptual signal.
19, tester as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, further comprises the shell with described isolating switch, with described contact to being rigidly connected to described shell.
20, tester as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, further comprise shell and with described contact to being connected to the lead of described shell.
21, tester as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, further comprises having the shell that reduces width and thickness, is connected to the right outshot in described contact.
22, tester as claimed in claim 21 is characterized in that, described contact is pair identical to the contact with another, and wherein said another is the contact of described fuse to the contact.
23, tester as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that, described isolating switch is from resetting thermal breaker.
24, a plurality of testers that are used for the detecting electric system, it comprises the fuse holder of a fuse that is used for having a plurality of predetermined rated loads, each tester comprises:
Pair of contact is electrically connected to described fuse holder;
Isolating switch, it is right to be electrically connected to described contact, and have with a plurality of predetermined rated current loadings in one; And
Indicator when having over-current condition in described isolating switch, but produces perceptual signal.
25, a plurality of tester as claimed in claim 24 is characterized in that, the described isolating switch of a tester has the predetermined rated load current of the described isolating switch that is different from another tester.
26, a plurality of tester as claimed in claim 24 is characterized in that, a tester further comprises the shell with described isolating switch, and wherein said contact is to being rigidly connected to described shell.
27, a plurality of tester as claimed in claim 24 is characterized in that, tester further comprise shell and with described contact to being connected to the lead of described shell.
28, a plurality of tester as claimed in claim 24 is characterized in that, a tester further comprises having the shell that is connected to the right outshot that reduces width and thickness in described contact.
29, the method for a kind of detecting electric system, described system comprise the fuse holder of the fuse that is used to have the subscription rate definite value, comprising:
The a plurality of testers that have isolating switch respectively are provided, and described isolating switch has predetermined rated current load respectively;
Select to have the tester of its predetermined rated current loading and the isolating switch of the subscription rate definite value coupling of the described fuse that is used for described fuse holder from described a plurality of testers;
The contact of selected tester is connected to the two ends of described fuse holder; And
But provide the perception indication of over-current condition by described isolating switch.
30, a kind of tester that is used for the detecting electric system, described system comprises the fuse holder of one the fuse that is used for having a plurality of subscription rate definite values, described tester comprises:
Indicating device comprises the first pair of contact that is electrically connected to described fuse holder and is electrically connected to second pair of contact of described first pair of contact and the indicator that is connected to described second pair of contact; And
The module that opens circuit has the 3rd pair of contact that is used for being connected to movably described second pair of contact, and the described module that opens circuit comprises the isolating switch with predetermined rated current loading;
Wherein when having over-current condition in the described module that opens circuit, but described indicator produces perceptual signal.
31, tester as claimed in claim 30, it is characterized in that, further comprise shell with described indicator, in external thread and the female adapter one comprises described second pair of contact and is held by described shell, in external thread and the female adapter another comprise described the 3rd contact to and held by described first module that opens circuit, and described male connection inserts described female adapter movably, and it is right to be used to be electrically connected the described second and the 3rd contact.
32, tester as claimed in claim 31, it is characterized in that, in described external thread and the described female adapter one comprises that the socket and described first that the is arranged in shell module that opens circuit inserts described socket movably, and it is right to be used to be electrically connected the described second and the 3rd contact.
33, tester as claimed in claim 30, it is characterized in that, further comprise having being used for being connected to movably another right module that opens circuit of the 4th right contact of described second contact, described another module that opens circuit comprises another isolating switch with another predetermined rated current loading.
34, tester as claimed in claim 33 is characterized in that, described predetermined rated current loading is different from described another predetermined rated current loading.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031523579A CN100520422C (en) | 2003-07-29 | 2003-07-29 | Tester for energy-saving fuse of circuit mounted with fuse |
| HK05104817.8A HK1072102A1 (en) | 2003-07-29 | 2005-06-08 | Fuse saving tester for fused circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031523579A CN100520422C (en) | 2003-07-29 | 2003-07-29 | Tester for energy-saving fuse of circuit mounted with fuse |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1576866A true CN1576866A (en) | 2005-02-09 |
| CN100520422C CN100520422C (en) | 2009-07-29 |
Family
ID=34579829
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031523579A Expired - Lifetime CN100520422C (en) | 2003-07-29 | 2003-07-29 | Tester for energy-saving fuse of circuit mounted with fuse |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100520422C (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1072102A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101266277B (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2010-06-16 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | DC switch protective circuit on/off detection device and method |
| CN103135036A (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2013-06-05 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | Device for detecting connection and disconnection of fuses in fuse box |
| CN103364690A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2013-10-23 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | Testing system and method for safety |
| CN104749485A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2015-07-01 | 周玉林 | Intelligent indicating device for electricity load of fuse |
| CN108242574A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-07-03 | 安徽新能科技有限公司 | The security feature of energy storage device |
| CN114094658A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-02-25 | 北京航天长征飞行器研究所 | All-solid-state power supply and distribution method and device with load characteristic measurement function |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107861035B (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2019-11-26 | 中国振华集团云科电子有限公司 | Fuse performance detection device and method |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3621384A (en) * | 1968-07-19 | 1971-11-16 | Kazuo Yamada | Apparatus for locating a short circuit in a dc wiring |
| US3699433A (en) * | 1970-11-24 | 1972-10-17 | Raymond Peter Smith Jr | Short circuit locator apparatus including a plurality of intermittently operated circuit breakers |
| US4021730A (en) * | 1975-02-21 | 1977-05-03 | Brinegar Paul E | Electrical conductor and short circuit locator |
| CA2019589C (en) * | 1990-06-22 | 1994-09-13 | Dennis J. Bokitch | Auto electric tester |
| CN2172482Y (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 1994-07-20 | 陈李月娥 | Circuit overload safety alarm |
-
2003
- 2003-07-29 CN CNB031523579A patent/CN100520422C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-06-08 HK HK05104817.8A patent/HK1072102A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101266277B (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2010-06-16 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | DC switch protective circuit on/off detection device and method |
| CN103135036A (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2013-06-05 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | Device for detecting connection and disconnection of fuses in fuse box |
| CN103364690A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2013-10-23 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | Testing system and method for safety |
| CN103364690B (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2016-03-02 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of test macro of insurance and method |
| CN104749485A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2015-07-01 | 周玉林 | Intelligent indicating device for electricity load of fuse |
| CN104749485B (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2017-12-12 | 江苏智光创业投资有限公司 | Fuse electric loading Intelligent indicating device |
| CN108242574A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-07-03 | 安徽新能科技有限公司 | The security feature of energy storage device |
| CN114094658A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-02-25 | 北京航天长征飞行器研究所 | All-solid-state power supply and distribution method and device with load characteristic measurement function |
| CN114094658B (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2023-11-10 | 北京航天长征飞行器研究所 | All-solid-state power supply and distribution method and device with load characteristic measurement function |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100520422C (en) | 2009-07-29 |
| HK1072102A1 (en) | 2005-08-12 |
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