CN1575354A - Electrochemical half-cell - Google Patents
Electrochemical half-cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1575354A CN1575354A CNA028210026A CN02821002A CN1575354A CN 1575354 A CN1575354 A CN 1575354A CN A028210026 A CNA028210026 A CN A028210026A CN 02821002 A CN02821002 A CN 02821002A CN 1575354 A CN1575354 A CN 1575354A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- cell
- air
- connecting passage
- air pocket
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/24—Halogens or compounds thereof
- C25B1/26—Chlorine; Compounds thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
- C25B11/03—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
- C25B11/031—Porous electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
- C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an electrochemical half-cell, particularly for producing chlorine from an aqueous solution of alkali metal chloride, having an electrode chamber (10) for receiving an electrolyte. A plurality of gas pockets (20, 22) for containing gas are also provided. A gas diffusion electrode (36) separates the gas pocket (20, 22) from the electrode chamber (10). Furthermore, a connecting channel (26) is provided, by means of which the two air pockets (20, 22) are connected to one another. The gas present in the lower gas pocket can flow into the connecting channel (26) through the venting hole (28). In which the gas rises upwards in the direction of the arrow (46) and passes through the inlet hole (30) into the second gas pocket (22) placed above it. In order to avoid the entrainment of electrolyte into the air pocket (22), a blocking element (40) according to the invention is arranged in the connecting channel (26).
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of electrochemical half-cell, it is specially adapted to produce chlorine by gas diffusion electrode with electrochemical method from aqueous alkali metal chloride.
By known a kind of by produce the electrolyzer of chlorine and sodium hydroxide solution with the electrolysis of gas expanded electrode among the DE 19622744, it is to adopt pressure compensation and import oxygen by air pocket to carry out between to the constant voltage of the oxygen after the pressure sodium hydroxide solution before the gas diffusion electrode and height correlation and the gas diffusion electrode.
Under the electrolytical situation of alkali metal halide, gas diffusion electrode is to move as the oxygen consumption negative electrode.In this case, gas diffusion electrode is the film of perforate.It is placed between ionogen and the air chamber, and can make the generation hydrogen reduction at the three phase boundary place of ionogen, catalyzer and oxygen.This gas diffusion electrode for example can prepare by the method described in the DE-A-3710168.But the stopping property of this gas diffusion electrode only just exists when limited pressure between gas side and the liquid side falls reaching.If air pressure is too high, the function of then gas penetration electrode, and destruction electrode.On the contrary, if liquid pressure is too high, then three phase boundary is shifted to the gas side or is caused liquid to penetrate from ionogen and enters air chamber.
For in the ionogen with the pressure compensation of the pressure of height correlation, suggestion is divided into a plurality of air pockets again with air chamber in DE 19622744.This electrochemical half-cell (Fig. 1 and 2) has electrode vessel 10, through injecting conduit 12 or like ionogen is sent into wherein.Make ionogen also enter liquid chamber 14 through corresponding the connection.Described half-cell is separated by ion-exchange membrane 16 and second half battery.In addition, also be provided with a plurality of stacked air pockets 18,20,22,24 mutually.This air pocket 18,20,22,24 is separated by gas diffusion electrode 36 and electrode vessel 10, and this gas diffusion electrode is as negative electrode in DE19622744.Each air pocket 18,20,22,24 interconnects through connecting passage 26 (for example gas hood).The gas that exists in air pocket 18,20,22,24 flows in the connecting passage 26 by outlet orifice 28 according to the pressure in each air pocket, and enters the air pocket that is positioned at above it from this passage through air inlet port 30.The flow direction of the oxygen that exists in the air pocket of example is by 32 expressions of the dotted arrow among Fig. 1.This nethermost air pocket 18 for example is connected with the gas feeding device by filling tube 34.Gas from top air pocket 24 also through outlet orifice 28 enter half-cell after chamber 14, and discharge through taking over 11 with ionogen there.Just produce pressure compensation by a plurality of, at least two stacked air pocket structures, can make higher electrolyzer.Venting hole 28 by air pocket 18,20,22,24 also can make the condensation product that forms in air pocket enter liquid chamber 14.
Because all gas that is incorporated in the nethermost air pocket 18 by gas filling tube 34 is collected, therefore in gas hood, form high flow velocity in connecting passage 26 or by gas hood.The ionogen droplet can be carried secretly in the air pocket that is right after 20 that enters above it thus, thereby worsens the function of gas diffusion electrode, and this is that promptly part has been lost active electrode surface because gas diffusion electrode contacts with the ionogen droplet in the air inlet zone of air pocket.Equally disadvantageously relatively large ionogen enters air pocket, so must remove once more.Confirm that this ionogen can not removed fully from air pocket, therefore be enriched in the air pocket.Ionogen enrichment in air pocket is accelerated by the gas/liquid relief outlet at the air pocket on opposite, air inlet position again.This just demonstrates the increase of liquid input, for example can find out by the rising of electrolysis voltage.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electrochemical half-cell that has air pocket, it can reduce and carries the risk that ionogen enters air pocket secretly.
Purpose of the present invention can reach by the characteristic of claim 1.
By the present invention, in at least two interconnected connecting passages of air pocket, be provided with the retardance parts.These retardance parts are used for being arrested in the ionogen that exists in the connecting passage.For example these retardance parts can be mazy retardance parts, and it makes the droplet of being carried secretly by air-flow be blocked parts to block, because of it can not pass this special mazy retardance block construction.At least can guarantee that by these retardance parts most of ionogen can not pass through these retardance parts.Avoided thus owing to enter the harmful effect that the ionogen counter electrode function of air pocket produces.
As the retardance parts, preferably adopt net, fabric, cloth, nonwoven fabric or cavernous body.Here particularly adopt irregular fabric, as the felt class material that preferably constitutes by metal, plastics or pottery.In the configuration of cheapness, can be a metal ball of string that constitutes by wire.
Another bare bones of the present invention is the preferred arrangements of these retardance parts in connecting passage.Preferably these retardance parts are placed in the air inlet port zone.Its advantage is, do not have or almost is that minimum electrolysis mass-energy is passed the retardance parts.Preferred these retardance parts are placed in the part that is filled with gas of connecting passage, and at this moment these retardance parts are placed in to compare with bath surface and more approach air inlet position.Special preferably should retardance portion being placed in half the connecting passage zone that links to each other with air inlet port, promptly under vertically disposed connecting passage situation, be arranged in the first half that is filled with gas of connecting passage.Especially preferably these retardance parts are placed in top 1/3rd places.
Particularly advantageous is that this connecting passage or gas hood extend to the height of two air pockets.The lower edge of air pocket below, gas is drawn by air pocket, more directly by the connecting passage collection that plays the collection device effect, and leads to the air inlet port of air pocket above it.This air inlet port is preferably placed at the upper limb of this air pocket.Be adjusted in corresponding liquid level in the connecting passage according to pressure state.This above liquid level arrangement this retardance parts.
The present invention is described in detail in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Brief description:
Fig. 1 is the schematic cross-section of half-cell of the present invention that in contrast to the gas diffusion electrode of prior art.
Fig. 2 is the cut-away section synoptic diagram along A-A ' line among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is substantially corresponding to the diagrammatic cross-section of the preferred embodiment of the invention of Fig. 2 sectional view.
The structure of electrochemical half-cell of the present invention is substantially corresponding to the structure shown in Fig. 1 and 2.Therefore in Fig. 3, represent same or similar parts with same numeral.
According to the present invention, be example with Fig. 3, in the connecting passage 26 that connects two air pockets 20,22, be mounted with retardance parts 40.These retardance parts 40 for example are bonded in the connecting passage 26 or by friction and remain on wherein.Gas from Fig. 3 below venting hole 28 outflows that are provided with by zone air pocket 20 below of air pocket 20.The connecting passage 26 of this gas warp-wise lower opening is collected, and upwards lifting therein.According to the pressure size, in connecting passage 26, have ionogen 42.The height location of bath surface 44 is relevant with pressure state.The direction of being pressed arrow 46 by venting hole 28 expellant gas upwards flows, and enters the zone that is filled with gas 48 of connecting passage 26 at bath surface 44.Ionogen 42 is carried secretly by bubble 50 and is entered inflation area 48 in this process.This ionogen of being carried secretly is blocked or is separated by retardance parts 40 then, so that do not have or only have a spot of ionogen in the upper zone 52 of retardance parts 40.Gas passes retardance parts 40 back and enters this by the air inlet port 30 that is arranged on air pocket 22 upper areas and be arranged in air pocket 22 above it.
Also be placed in the connecting passage 26 that links all the other air pockets 18,20,22,24 (Fig. 1) by having of the corresponding description of Fig. 3 by the connecting passage 26 with the retardance parts of settling 40 provided by the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. electrochemical half-cell, the electrochemical half-cell especially for produce chlorine from the aqueous solution of alkali metal chloride which comprises at least:
Be used to hold electrolytical electrode vessel (10), this electrode vessel has ionogen input tube (12) and ionogen vent pipe (11),
Be used to hold a plurality of air pockets (18,20,22,24) of gas, wherein nethermost air pocket (18) has air inlet port (34),
With two air pockets (20,22) interconnective connecting passages (26), the venting hole (28) that makes gas pass through first air pocket (20) flows in the connecting passage (26), and flows into second air pocket (22) from this connecting passage by air inlet port (30),
With electrode vessel (10) and air pocket (18,20,22,24) separated gas diffusion electrodes (36),
The retardance parts (40) that it is characterized in that arrangement in connecting passage (26) are used for being arrested in the ionogen that connecting passage (26) exists.
2. the electrochemical half-cell of claim 1 is characterized in that, retardance parts (40) are based on net, fabric, cloth, nonwoven fabric or the cavernous body of being made by plastics, metal or pottery.
3. the electrochemical half-cell of one of claim 1-2 is characterized in that, retardance parts (40) are placed in the zone of air inlet port (30).
4. the electrochemical half-cell of one of claim 1-3 is characterized in that, connecting passage (26) part is filled with ionogen and part is filled with gas, and retardance parts (40) are placed in to compare more with bath surface (44) and locate near air inlet port (30).
5. the electrochemical half-cell of claim 4 is characterized in that, described retardance parts be placed in connecting passage (26) be filled with gas part (48) link to each other with air inlet port (30) half in.
6. the electrochemical half-cell of one of claim 1-5 is characterized in that, venting hole (28) is positioned at the lower region of air pocket (20), and air inlet port (30) is positioned at the upper area of air pocket (22).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10152791A DE10152791A1 (en) | 2001-10-25 | 2001-10-25 | Process for the production of chlorine and caustic soda by electrolysis using a gas diffusion electrode demister |
| DE10152791.8 | 2001-10-25 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1575354A true CN1575354A (en) | 2005-02-02 |
Family
ID=7703747
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA028210026A Pending CN1575354A (en) | 2001-10-25 | 2002-10-22 | Electrochemical half-cell |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20040262153A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1442158A2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2005506455A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20040062953A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1575354A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2002350591A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2464638A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE10152791A1 (en) |
| HU (1) | HUP0401580A3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003035939A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI568888B (en) | 2011-09-15 | 2017-02-01 | 第諾拉工業公司 | Gas-diffusion electrode |
| RU2603772C2 (en) | 2012-06-12 | 2016-11-27 | Монаш Юниверсити | Breathable electrode and method for use in water splitting |
| US9871255B2 (en) | 2013-07-31 | 2018-01-16 | Aquahydrex Pty Ltd | Modular electrochemical cells |
| US20220145479A1 (en) | 2019-02-01 | 2022-05-12 | Aquahydrex, Inc. | Electrochemical system with confined electrolyte |
| DE102022210670B4 (en) | 2022-10-10 | 2024-04-18 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Process for manufacturing a battery pouch cell |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4213833A (en) * | 1978-09-05 | 1980-07-22 | The Dow Chemical Company | Electrolytic oxidation in a cell having a separator support |
| DE4444114C2 (en) * | 1994-12-12 | 1997-01-23 | Bayer Ag | Electrochemical half cell with pressure compensation |
| DE19622744C1 (en) * | 1996-06-07 | 1997-07-31 | Bayer Ag | Pressure-compensated electrochemical half-cell |
| US6093853A (en) * | 1997-07-04 | 2000-07-25 | Nok Corporation | Phenylenediamine derivative, production method thereof and antioxidant for rubber using it as effective constituent |
| TW557331B (en) * | 1999-08-27 | 2003-10-11 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Unit cell for alkali chloride metal aqueous solution electrolytic tank |
-
2001
- 2001-10-25 DE DE10152791A patent/DE10152791A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-10-22 AU AU2002350591A patent/AU2002350591A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-10-22 HU HU0401580A patent/HUP0401580A3/en unknown
- 2002-10-22 EP EP02785267A patent/EP1442158A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-10-22 WO PCT/EP2002/011787 patent/WO2003035939A2/en active Application Filing
- 2002-10-22 US US10/493,441 patent/US20040262153A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-10-22 CN CNA028210026A patent/CN1575354A/en active Pending
- 2002-10-22 JP JP2003538433A patent/JP2005506455A/en active Pending
- 2002-10-22 KR KR10-2004-7006032A patent/KR20040062953A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-10-22 CA CA002464638A patent/CA2464638A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2002350591A1 (en) | 2003-05-06 |
| WO2003035939A3 (en) | 2004-01-08 |
| JP2005506455A (en) | 2005-03-03 |
| KR20040062953A (en) | 2004-07-09 |
| EP1442158A2 (en) | 2004-08-04 |
| CA2464638A1 (en) | 2003-05-01 |
| HUP0401580A3 (en) | 2005-07-28 |
| HUP0401580A2 (en) | 2004-11-29 |
| DE10152791A1 (en) | 2003-05-08 |
| WO2003035939A2 (en) | 2003-05-01 |
| US20040262153A1 (en) | 2004-12-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |