CN1573142A - Sliding bearing having spherical or columnar bearing surface - Google Patents
Sliding bearing having spherical or columnar bearing surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN1573142A CN1573142A CNA2004100446004A CN200410044600A CN1573142A CN 1573142 A CN1573142 A CN 1573142A CN A2004100446004 A CNA2004100446004 A CN A2004100446004A CN 200410044600 A CN200410044600 A CN 200410044600A CN 1573142 A CN1573142 A CN 1573142A
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- sliding bearing
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- bearing
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 201000007094 prostatitis Diseases 0.000 claims 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C23/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for aligning or positioning
- F16C23/02—Sliding-contact bearings
- F16C23/04—Sliding-contact bearings self-adjusting
- F16C23/043—Sliding-contact bearings self-adjusting with spherical surfaces, e.g. spherical plain bearings
- F16C23/045—Sliding-contact bearings self-adjusting with spherical surfaces, e.g. spherical plain bearings for radial load mainly, e.g. radial spherical plain bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/12—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load
- F16C17/24—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load with devices affected by abnormal or undesired positions, e.g. for preventing overheating, for safety
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a sliding bearing, comprising a first bearing ring (1) with a first bearing surface (4) and a second bearing ring (2) with a second bearing surface (5). The sliding bearing is characterized in that the first bearing surface (4) and the second bearing surface (5) are respectively designed as a spherical surface or a cylindrical surface and are kept a distance from each other through a sliding piece (3) arranged between the first bearing surface (4) and the second bearing surface (5) and fixed on one of the two bearing rings (1, 2). At least one sensor (8) is fixed on the first bearing ring (1) to detect a measuring parameter relevant to the distance between the sensor (8) and the second bearing surface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sliding bearing with the sphere of being designed to or cylindrical bearing surface.In addition, the invention still further relates to a kind of sliding bearing slide wearing and tearing that are used to determine to have sphere of being designed to or cylindrical bearing surface and/or the method for the load that bears by this sliding bearing.
Background technique
Have the sliding bearing of sphere or cylindrical bearing surface known have varied, their general being characterised in that, establish a slide that good sliding properties arranged between the supporting surface that is made of hard and high-abrasive material, it is used usually than the thin-skinned material of supporting and makes and be worn at the life period of sliding bearing.Because this wearing and tearing, not only changed the location of sliding bearing, bearing play for example, and changed sliding properties.Consequently can little by little cause no longer satisfying the minimum requirements of sliding bearing regulation, and thereby can not use and necessary the replacing.Because sliding bearing often is designed to the mode of structure that seals, slide usually can't near or at the most can only be approaching limitedly, so will identify the state of slide reliably, it generally is impossible not doing to decompose to small part.
Known by DE 201 04 695U1 in this respect, the state of determining to be particularly useful for the mill stand scuff panel of milling train can carry out like this, that is, the scuff panel design has measuring hole, and they can be measured by measuring equipment.Scheme is advised in this file as an alternative, the one or more measured value Detecting elements that are used for linear measure of setting-in in scuff panel.In addition, can also be in scuff panel setting-in be used for the measured value Detecting element of tonometric measured value Detecting element and acceleration analysis.Therefore, can determine wearing and tearing, load condition and the acceleration of relevant scuff panel by measured value Detecting element separately.
For scuff panel, in view of bigger thickness size, can have no problem in-process measurement hole, ground or setting-in measured value Detecting element.But because thin wearing and tearing sheet inequality usually, so this method can not be transplanted on the sliding bearing of annular or cylindrical bearing surface.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is, be reduced at determining of the real-time state of wear of slide in the sliding bearing with sphere or cylindrical bearing surface.
This purpose reaches by the characteristics combination of claim 1.
By sliding bearing of the present invention a clutch shaft bearing circle and second race ring with second supporting surface with first supporting surface is arranged.First supporting surface and second supporting surface are designed to spherical or cylindrical respectively, and they keep a distance each other by a slide that is located between first supporting surface and second supporting surface and is fixed on one of two race rings.Characteristics by slide of the present invention are, fix at least one sensor on the clutch shaft bearing circle, be used to detect one with the measurement parameter of sensor from the distance dependent of second supporting surface.
Advantage of the present invention is that the state of wear of slide and/or the load that is born by sliding bearing are determined in cost ground that at any time can be big in the sliding bearing of so design.Especially there is this possibility in this respect, that is, monitors state of wear and/or load sustainably.Can in time take maintenance measure thus, monitor according to given operating conditions, or definite survey data for the applicable cases of stipulating.
By a preferred embodiment, sensor is contained in the hole of clutch shaft bearing circle.This hole is preferably towards the first supporting surface direction opening.Sensor groups can be combined in the clutch shaft bearing circle in this way, so needn't carry out any change the installation environment of sliding bearing.According to the bulk of sensor and available measuring range, sensor also can extend in the slide.Thus, can design the hole in the clutch shaft bearing circle less on the one hand, and the sensor that can use less measuring range on the other hand.
If should reach high as far as possible reliability, advantageously at least one of sensor regulation as the spare part of accepting the fault sensor function.Guarantee thus, even still can provide measured value after a sensor damages.
Slide preferably is fixed on the clutch shaft bearing circle, so slide and sensor not relative movement each other.
Employing determines to be located at slide state of wear between two race rings of sliding bearing that are designed to sphere or cylindrical bearing surface and/or the load that is born by this sliding bearing by method of the present invention.It is characterized in that by method of the present invention, evaluate sensor signal, this signal depend on two supporting surfaces each other spacing and produce by at least one sensor that is fixed on one of two race rings.
There is this possibility in employing by method of the present invention, that is, same sensor both had been used for determining that the state of wear of slide also was used for definite load that is born by sliding bearing.
By a kind of preferred embodiment, determine the state of wear of slide and/or the load that in sliding bearing setting-in layer, bears by sliding bearing, sensor is contained in the setting-in layer in the main loading zone or in the relief area.The advantage of this geometrical construction is only to need a sensor, and the assessment of sensor signal is fairly simple.Be applied to determine the sensor signal of state of wear, can under a kind of load condition of regulation, preferably when sliding bearing bears a negligible load, obtain.Can avoid in this way because the influence that the distortion of slide under the load effect causes sensor signal.
The load that bears by sliding bearing can be when bearing a negligible load sensor signal or the value that derives thus and the sensor signal of bearing when preload determine.Can calculate of the influence of slide state of wear in this way to sensor signal.
The definite of load who is born by sliding bearing can be that carry out on the basis with the elasticity of slide.Elasticity by slide becomes distance with load transition and thereby can measure than being easier to.In order to obtain as far as possible accurate measurement result, advantageously for new sliding bearing, the load condition in regulation preferably is under the negligible load at sliding bearing, determines sensor signal and stores as reference signal.Can consider this reference signal during the load determining the slide state of wear afterwards and/or bear by sliding bearing.
Description of drawings
Further specify the present invention by the embodiment who represents in the accompanying drawing below.
Wherein:
Fig. 1 is by sliding bearing embodiment sectional view of the present invention;
Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 presses sliding bearing embodiment of the present invention at the different loads and the schematic sectional view of state of wear with Fig. 5 is shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 represents the sectional view by a kind of embodiment of sliding bearing of the present invention.This sliding bearing has an outer ring 1, an inner ring 2 and a slide 3, and slide radially is located within outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2.Slide abuts in outer ring 1 with its outer radial surface and is designed on the spherical outer bearing surface 4, and fixedlys connected with outer ring 1.Slide 3 abuts in inner ring 2 with its inside radial face and is designed on the spherical inner bearing face 5, and can slippage on this inner bearing face 5.Make with steel usually inner ring 2 and outer ring 1.Otherwise slide 3, for example available plastics manufacturing.
There is an axial bore 6 outer ring 1, and 1 axial end face 7 extends to 1 inside, outer ring to axial bore from the outer ring.1 vertically the central authorities in the outer ring, the sensor 8 of in axial bore 6, packing into.Sensor 8 is radially invaded in the outer bearing surface 4 and is inserted in the groove 9 of set for it slide 3.Except that groove 9, slide 3 also has a flute profile depression 10 on the sagittal plane of portion within it in groove 9 locations.The groove 9 of slide 3 and depression 10 are not absolute demand, suitably designing sensor 8 and depending on whole geometrical construction, they can be cancelled yet.Sensor 8 is connected with the plug 12 that inserts in the axial bore 6 in axial end 7 scopes by cable 11.
At the state that slide is packed into, outer ring 1 for example is fixed in the shell, and rotatable and tiltable axle of inner ring 2 installations also thereby with respect to outer ring 1 moves.Along with this motion, between the inner bearing face 5 of the interior sagittal plane of slide 3 and inner ring 2, produce sliding movement.This sliding movement little by little causes slide 3 wearing and tearing, and this shows as the thickness that reduces slide 3.The reducing and cause slide 3 to abut in no longer all sidedly on the inner bearing face 5 of thickness, and along with the increase of wearing and tearing makes sliding bearing that increasing gap be arranged.In other words, two supporting surfaces 4 and 5 no longer keep constant spacing by slide 3, this spacing slide 3 abut on the inner bearing face 5 minimum value d1 and along diameter minimum separable d1 opposite side form apart from d2 between change.Minimum separable d1 between two supporting surfaces 4 and 5 or maximum spacing d2 detect by sensor 8, so can determine the state of wear that slide 3 is current by sensor signal.
Because the material of slide 3 is elasticity sinking usually under pressure, so should consider load condition when evaluate sensor signal.There is this possibility in addition, under defined terms, also can determines the load that bears by sliding bearing with same sensor 8.Determine state of wear and determine that the details of load illustrate below by sensor 8.At first by Fig. 2,3,4 and 5 explanations, which type of effect is different load conditions produce with different state of wear to outer bearing surface 4 and inner bearing face 5 the relative position of each other for this reason, and the signal that is produced by sensor 8 depends on this relative position.
Fig. 2,3,4 and 5 expressions are by sliding bearing of the present invention embodiment as shown in Figure 1 separately schematic sectional view under different loads and state of wear.For the difference between these states can clearly be described, sliding bearing is intactly expression respectively.Respectively draw an axle 13 in addition, it is installed in the inner ring 2 and by it load is imported in the sliding bearing where necessary.
The characteristics of the state of representing among Fig. 2 are, also do not have wearing and tearing fully on slide 3, and sliding bearing do not bear the load of being worth mentioning.In this research, arbitrarily small load L is regarded in the deadweight of sliding bearing as, and it acts on the axle 13 and with arrow vertically downward represents.As seen from Figure 2, slide 3 abuts on the inner bearing face 5 of inner ring 2 with sagittal plane in it comprehensively, that is to say that sliding bearing is very close to each other.In addition, be identical size at outer bearing surface 4 with distance between the inner bearing face 5, so especially also identical with maximum spacing d2 in the sliding bearing upper zone at the minimum separable d1 that in the sliding bearing lower region, forms under the situation shown in Figure 2 everywhere.This means that sensor 8 provides identical sensor signal at rigging position of being represented by solid line in the sliding bearing lower region and the rigging position in the sliding bearing upper zone that is being illustrated by the broken lines.
Fig. 4 has represented a kind of state, sliding bearing this moment stand under load not, however on slide 3, there have been wearing and tearing.The radial dimension that this wearing and tearing show as slide 3 is compared with Fig. 2 and is reduced.Certain this radial dimension is identical everywhere under the precondition of uniform wear.Especially, this radial dimension sliding bearing upper zone and lower region in Fig. 4 is always identical.But the minimum separable d1 in the bearing lower region between two supporting surfaces 4 and 5 but significantly less than upper zone in maximum spacing d2 between two supporting surfaces 4 and 5.Inner ring 2 is abutted on the slide 3 with its inner bearing face 5 from focusing in the bearing lower region based on it, and thereby between inner bearing face 5 and slide 3, form radial gap in upper zone.As shown in Figure 3, the distance between two supporting surfaces 4 and 5 not only can but also can be measured in upper zone in lower region in Fig. 4.Because this distance depends on the state of wear of slide 3, so can always determine this state of wear in real time according to sensor signal.Certainly, although should be noted that the change that can determine minimum separable d1 between two supporting surfaces 4 and 5 or maximum spacing d2 by sensor 8 when implement measuring, in addition sensor 8 can not detect the reason that causes spacing d1 and d2 change.Thus need be when producing sensor signal rated condition and evaluate sensor signal by this way, that is, can infer the state of wear of slide 3 truly.Also to set forth below here specifically how carrying out.
At last, Fig. 5 has represented a kind of situation, and wherein slide 3 has suffered certain wearing and tearing and act on a load L in addition on sliding bearing.Therefore, relate to a kind of combination of state described in Fig. 3 and 4 here.Consequently, slide 3 in supporting region when effect be compressed to during with same load L shown in Figure 3 one than Fig. 3 in littler radial dimension, so the minimum separable d1 between two supporting surfaces 4 and 5 is in the corresponding way less than the minimum separable d1 that represents among Fig. 3.Interrelate bigger than shown in Fig. 3 of the maximum spacing d2 in relief area between two supporting surfaces 4 and 5 with it.Therefore, the signal that is sent by sensor 8 is to compare the total tolerance that the minimum separable d1 that produced by slide 3 wearing and tearing with by inner ring 2 stands under load or maximum spacing d2 change with the sliding bearing of new not stand under load.As following also to describe in detail, by in the scope of method of the present invention, although by sensor signal this two kinds of effects that superposeed, but still can be by selecting to determine the state of wear of slide 3 or acting on load L on the sliding bearing.
The state of wear of determining slide 3 is undertaken by following:
Sliding bearing is by supporting axle 13 or take other measures to place not loaded state.Strictly speaking, however sliding bearing still because the deadweight of inner ring 2 and stand under load.The load that certain deadweight causes is so little, so that does not cause slide 3 that the compression of being worth mentioning is arranged thus.At this not loaded state, minimum separable d1 between two supporting surfaces 4 and 5 or maximum spacing d2 determine by sensor 8.Can determine the state of wear of slide 3 for example by the reference value of the slide 3 of state of wear compares with being used for not by the value of so determining.For obtaining result especially accurately, reference value can be individually given at this sliding bearing, be implemented in the measurement of other conditions when identical for new sliding bearing, and the sensor signal that will so obtain noted as reference value for this reason.State of wear in the time of also can determining load at least approx in principle.In advance under the load of unanimity, produce reference value in this case.
In order to determine to act in real time the load on the bearing, need to eliminate of the influence of the state of wear of slide 3 to measurement result.For example can on the bearing of stand under load not, implement to measure by sensor 8 for this reason.Then, carrying out the second time on the sliding bearing at stand under load under the identical situation of other conditions measures.By these two kinds spacing d1 between two supporting surfaces 4 and 5 that measure or the difference of d2,, and thereby be a relevant tolerance that acts on load L on the sliding bearing only owing to the sliding bearing carrying causes.This means, not only can determine the state of wear of slide 3 with same sensor 8, and can determine to act on the load L on the sliding bearing by the present invention.
When adopting a plurality of sensor 8, also exist this possibility in addition, that is, by method of the present invention can also be in these sensors 8 enforcement during one or more damages.Be transferred in this case on original sensor 8 as spare part.
In illustrated embodiment's remodeling, also can be designed to columniform supporting surface 4 and 5 by sliding bearing of the present invention, replace the supporting surface 4 and 5 that is designed to sphere.
According to the design by sliding bearing of the present invention, sensor 8 can for example be designed to induction type or measurement by capacitance system.
The Reference numeral list
1 outer ring
2 inner rings
3 slides
4 outer bearing surfaces
5 inner bearing faces
6 axial bores
7 axial ends
8 sensors
9 grooves
10 depressions
11 cables
12 plugs
13
Claims (12)
1. sliding bearing, comprise a clutch shaft bearing circle (1) and second race ring (2) with one second supporting surface (5) with one first supporting surface (4), wherein, first supporting surface (4) and second supporting surface (5) are designed to spherical or cylindrical respectively and are located between first supporting surface (4) and second supporting surface (5) and are fixed on two race rings (1 by one, 2) slide (3) one of keeps a distance each other, it is characterized by: on clutch shaft bearing circle (1), fix at least one sensor (8), be used to detect one with the measurement parameter of sensor (8) apart from the distance dependent of second supporting surface.
2. according to the described sliding bearing of claim 1, it is characterized by: sensor (8) is arranged in the hole (6) in the clutch shaft bearing circle (1).
3. according to the described sliding bearing of claim 2, it is characterized by: hole (6) are towards first supporting surface (4) direction opening.
4. according to the described sliding bearing of one of all claims in prostatitis, it is characterized by: sensor (8) extends in the slide (3).
5. according to the described sliding bearing of one of all claims in prostatitis, it is characterized by: one of sensor (8) regulation is as the spare part of accepting sensor (8) function of fault at least.
6. according to the described sliding bearing of one of all claims in prostatitis, it is characterized by: slide (3) is fixed on the clutch shaft bearing circle (1).
7. the method for the load (L) that is used to determine to be arranged on the state of wear of the slide (3) between two race rings (1,2) of sliding bearing and/or bears by this sliding bearing with the sphere of being designed to or cylindrical bearing surface (4,5), it is characterized by: assess a sensor signal, this signal depend on two supporting surfaces (4,5) each other spacing and produce by at least one sensor (8) that is fixed on one of two race rings (1,2).
8. in accordance with the method for claim 7, it is characterized by: determine the state of wear of slide (3) and/or the load (L) that in a setting-in layer of sliding bearing, bears by sliding bearing, sensor (8) in the setting-in layer, be arranged in the main loading zone or relief area in.
9. according to the described method in one of claim 7 or 8, it is characterized by: under a kind of load condition of regulation, preferably under the negligible load of sliding bearing, obtain the sensor signal that adopts in order to determine state of wear.
10. according to the described method of one of claim 7 to 9, it is characterized by: by sensor signal or a value that derives thus and the definite load (L) that bears by sliding bearing of sensor signal that is used for working as preload that is used for negligible load.
11. according to the described method of one of claim 7 to 10, it is characterized by: the elasticity with slide (3) is determined born load (L) by sliding bearing by the basis.
12. according to the described method of one of claim 7 to 11, it is characterized by: for new sliding bearing, the regulation load condition under preferably when sliding bearing bears negligible load, obtain a sensor signal and it is stored as reference signal, this sensor signal takes in when the state of wear of determining slide (3) and/or the load (L) that born by sliding bearing.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10324924.9 | 2003-06-03 | ||
| DE10324924.9A DE10324924B4 (en) | 2003-06-03 | 2003-06-03 | Method for determining a load absorbed by a plain bearing with spherical or cylindrical bearing surfaces |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1573142A true CN1573142A (en) | 2005-02-02 |
| CN1299016C CN1299016C (en) | 2007-02-07 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100446004A Expired - Lifetime CN1299016C (en) | 2003-06-03 | 2004-05-17 | Sliding bearing having spherical or columnar bearing surface |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1299016C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE10324924B4 (en) |
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| CN104006969A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-08-27 | 江南阀门有限公司 | Online automatic-detection sliding bearing fault early-warning system and expansion amount measurement method |
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| DE102005056983A1 (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2007-05-31 | Schaeffler Kg | Hinge bearing`s service life extension method, involves equipping hinge bearing, rotating equipped hinge bearing until section of slide coating is in provided load region, and reassembling hinge bearing in rotated condition |
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| JP2001323927A (en) * | 2000-05-17 | 2001-11-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Guide bearing device for rotary electric equipment |
| DE20104695U1 (en) | 2001-03-19 | 2001-09-20 | Corts Jochen | Bearing element, in particular plate-shaped plain bearing or guide element for roll stands, and measuring device |
| JP2003028216A (en) | 2001-07-11 | 2003-01-29 | Sumitomo Wiring Syst Ltd | Abrasion detecting probe for brake shoe |
| DE10144269A1 (en) | 2001-09-08 | 2003-03-27 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Sensor element for measuring a physical variable between two bodies which move relative to each other and are subjected to high tribological strain, whereby the element has very high wear resistance to increase its service life |
-
2003
- 2003-06-03 DE DE10324924.9A patent/DE10324924B4/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-05-17 CN CNB2004100446004A patent/CN1299016C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| CN109455286A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-03-12 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇九研究所 | A kind of ship stern support device of multifunctional unit |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1299016C (en) | 2007-02-07 |
| DE10324924A1 (en) | 2004-12-23 |
| DE10324924B4 (en) | 2021-08-26 |
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