CN1570337A - Burglar-proof door lock with multiple spring bolts - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention involves one kind of lock, causes to lock not not conveniently for the improvement existing security lock switch designs. It including locks the tongue motion, the impetus locks the tongue to transport controls the organization movement the driving mechanism, defined locks the tongue to transport controls the organization movement lock the organization, but also includes the impetus to suppose the motion in the room the manual closure organization, outside the manual lock and may in the manual regulative room manual open the organization with the organization. The merit lies in through additionally builds inside and outside the room closure the organization, but in the manual regulative room manual opens the organization, may direct manual cage inside and outside the room, in the room is direct manually operates the lock, leaves when the gate might in the direct manual regulative prohibition room manual open, saves has come the sales commission key to lock a door the gate, on insured the trouble, also had simultaneously prevented piggy back entry easily the possibility which exited from the gate; In order to prevent the external force forcefully destroys, in locking device kto prevent going in each driving mechanism if operated Niu attach to establish the over-load protection, therefore not only the ease of operation moreover safely guarded against theft.

Description

Many dead bolts safe-guard door lock

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of lock, particularly relate to a kind of can indoor and outdoor with manually lock, indoor manual open and can forbid many dead bolts safe-guard door lock of indoor manual lock when going out.

Background technology

Safe-guard door lock is as various daily neces saries, many development have been arranged, from the monolock tongue to many dead bolts, multi-direction sealed to being locked to from folk prescription, to many tapered ends, its safety has had large increase from the monolock head, but also there is in various degree trouble in operating aspect, open as: twin-lock head and sealedly all will use key, the monolock head is gone out also to be needed to pin indoor manual open mechanism with key, can go out and also needs with key pinning indoor manual open mechanism once bumping a latch that door locks.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art and a kind of many dead bolts safe-guard door lock is provided, make its can indoor and outdoor with manually lock, the indoor manual open theftproof lock, and can manually forbid when going out reaching not only easy to operate but also can guarantee purpose of safety by the indoor manual lock.

In general, safe-guard door lock comprises the dead bolt motion, drives driving mechanism, lockable mechanism that the dead bolt motion moves, and the regulating and controlling mechanism of the interior manual drives mechanism of controlling chamber, and each concrete component parts all can change according to actual conditions.

The dead bolt motion: stretching motion back and forth under the effect of driving force, thus reach the effect of locking and unblanking.

Driving mechanism: with key or directly manually as the driving force of dead bolt motion, can drive the dead bolt motion again behind the separate lock locking mechanism, reach switching purposes.

Lockable mechanism: the motion of restriction dead bolt motion can not bounce back its dead bolt, thereby reaches the purpose of locking.

Regulating and controlling mechanism: can pin indoor manual opening part at the outdoor use key, reach the indoor manually opened purpose of forbidding.

The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted:

Many dead bolts safe-guard door lock, comprise the dead bolt motion, drive the driving mechanism of dead bolt motion motion, limit the lockable mechanism of dead bolt motion motion, also comprise the indoor manual locking mechanism that drives the dead bolt motion, outdoor manual locking mechanism and the indoor manual open mechanism that can manually regulate and control.

The present invention has increased man-operated mechanism on the composition of existing lock, with the driving force of manual force as motion, can separate unblanking of lock piece rear drive dead bolt motion, can drive the dead bolt motion again and lock, and reaches manually the purpose of unblanking, locking.Can also manually regulate and control indoor manual open mechanism simultaneously, make it can realize the purpose of forbidding or enabling.Before locking, manually regulate and control behind forbidding shelves and gone up lock, indoorly just can not realize easy to operate purpose of safety again directly with manually unblanking.

Among the present invention, inside and outside manually locking mechanism of man-operated mechanism locellus and the indoor manual open mechanism that can manually regulate and control, the operating knob of locking mechanism is separately positioned on indoor and outdoor, the manual operation of opening mechanism is arranged on indoor, manually regulates and control button and is arranged on the indoor side that also can be arranged on door, manually opened operating knob and manually regulate and control button according to different designs, can be same axle, also can be inside and outside coaxial or two axles respectively, can be arranged on same indoor surface, also can be arranged on antarafacial.

The manual locking mechanism of indoor and outdoor can pass through this mechanism of manual direct control in indoor and outdoor, with mechanism power preach to the dead bolt motion by the mode of unidirectional delivery, reach sealed purpose, by the operation motion mode be divided into rotary and parallel-moving type.

Among the present invention, the indoor manual open mechanism that can manually regulate and control can be divided into clutch method and locking method.

Clutch method: make separating of manual opening part and dead bolt motion or lockable mechanism or closed by operation, realize the forbidding of this mechanism or enable to this mechanism regulation and control parts.The clutch method can be divided axial mobile clutch method and push-and-pull clutch method radially again.

Locking method: by regulation and control to these mechanism's regulation and control parts and manual opening part, make on the manual opening part locking face and regulation and control parts locking face or be arranged in the dead bolt motion or lock piece on the locking face overlap locking by sealed motion, realized manually opened forbidding purpose.The locking method can be divided self-locking method or his lock method.

Among the present invention, be that initial state is divided into memory type, closed type, open type according to the manually opened regulation and control state that is presented behind the key operated safe-guard door lock.

Memory type: initial state is last regulation and control state, and regulation and control are born by being installed in the indoor and manual regulation and control button side, can arbitrarily repeat before sealed.

Closed type: initial state is an initiate mode, and it is driven this mechanism action and kept this state by opening movement, and manually regulation and control can only be transferred to forbidding from enabling.

Open type: initial state is a disabled status, and it is to be driven this mechanism action and kept this state by opening movement, and manually regulation and control can only be transferred to forbidding and enable.After sealed, when manually opened mechanism is in and enables grade,, be again disabled status by manually opened.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that by setting up the indoor and outdoor locking mechanism, the indoor manual open mechanism that can manually regulate and control, can directly manually lock in indoor and outdoor, indoorly directly manually unblank, can directly manually regulate and control to forbid indoor manual open when going out, save the trouble of coming reuse key lock Men Kaimen, insuring, also prevent the possibility that illegal incomer goes out from door easily simultaneously; In order to prevent that external force from destroying by force, be provided with overload protection in each driving mechanism and its operating knob junction of lockset, therefore not only easy to operate but also safe antitheft.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is memory type self-locking locking method theft-proof door lock structure figure;

Fig. 2 is crank multi-link structure figure;

Fig. 3 is a crank multi-slide structure chart;

Fig. 4 is rack-and-pinion slide block structure figure;

Fig. 5 is that normally closed side control locking bumps theft-proof door lock structure figure;

Fig. 6 is the vertical view of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is that memory type self-locking locking bumps theft-proof door lock structure figure;

Fig. 8 is the left sectional view of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is the right sectional view of Figure 10;

Figure 10 is that memory type moves axially clutch safe-guard door lock part-structure figure;

Figure 11 is the translational lockable mechanism;

Figure 12 is rotary lockable mechanism;

Figure 13 is the swing type lockable mechanism;

Figure 14 is the translational lockable mechanism;

Figure 15 is rotary lockable mechanism;

Figure 16 is that lock piece is installed in by the lockable mechanism on the lock piece;

Figure 17 is the rotating type manual locking mechanism;

Figure 18 is the left view of Figure 17;

Figure 19 is the manual locking mechanism of translational;

Figure 20 is a rectangle pawl formula overcurrent protection structure;

Figure 21 is Figure 20 sectional view;

Figure 22 is a circular cone friction overcurrent protection structure;

Figure 23 plays the pillar overcurrent protection structure;

Figure 24 is that the control of normally closed type side moves axially clutch method structure chart;

Figure 25 is the A-A sectional view of Figure 24;

Figure 26 is that memory type moves axially the indoor manual regulation and control opening mechanism of clutch;

Figure 27 is the right sectional view of Figure 26;

Figure 28 is the radially indoor manual regulation and control opening mechanism of push-and-pull clutch of memory type;

Figure 29 is the radially indoor manual regulation and control opening mechanism of push-and-pull clutch of normally closed type;

Figure 30 is the indoor manual regulation and control opening mechanism of memory type self-locking locking;

Figure 31 is that memory type moves axially clutch;

Figure 32 is the right sectional view of Figure 33;

Figure 33 is a radially push-and-pull clutch indoor manual open mechanism of memory type.

Being described as follows of each mark among the figure:

1 rotary body, 2 translation bodies (main dead bolt), 3 pivot pins, 4 lock pieces, 5 springs

6 sealed action bars 7 sealed bodies 8 play post 9 springs 10 lock bodies

11 tapered ends, 12 ratchets, 13 stage clips, 14 key operated body 15 free gears

16 band edge face cam adjusting rods 17 are opened seat 18 and are opened piece 19 free gears

20 springs, 21 division boards, 22 band radial cams adjusting rods 23 are opened body

24 clutch guide plates 25 move the body 26 band radial cams adjusting rods 27 that are unlocked and open body

The 28 swing types body 29 unlatching body 30 bonnets 31 oblique tongues that end face with lock that are unlocked

32 springs, 33 shifting blocks, 34 outer swivel base 35 regulating blocks 36 locking rods

37 stage clips, 38 outer swivel base cover 39 outer swivel base axle 40 keys 41 parallel four link lock stopping bars

Connecting rod 46 lower links 47 main lock connecting rods on 44 times translation bodies 45 of translation body on 42 side plates 43

48 spring cases 49 dish springs 50,51 regulation and control keys, 52 key operated body 53 springs of meeting and discussing

54 torsion springs, 55 movable latch 56 fan-shaped sealed gear 57 fan-shaped unlatching gears 58 are the regulation and control button manually

59 outdoor handles, 60 inner handles, 61 shift forks, 62 pushing-type regulating rods, 63 connecting rods, 64 forks

65 open button 66 opens special shape gear 67 radial cams adjusting rods 68 unlatching gears 69 idler gears

70 connect swivel base 75 pivot pins 76 bearings in the fork 71 extension springs 72 little axle 73 sour jujube teeth 74

77 guide type shoes, 78 extension springs, 79 fingers, 80 latch, 81 pull-type adjusting rods

The specific embodiment

Embodiment describes in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

The dead bolt motion can be as multiple tooth mechanism of the gear of Fig. 1, as the many link-types of crank of Fig. 2, the many link-types of improved crank of Fig. 3, the tooth handle multi-slide mechanism of Fig. 4, the cam multi-slide mechanism of Fig. 5, the cam multi-slide mechanism of Fig. 7.

Lockable mechanism is divided into translational, rotary, swing type, and it generally is made up of arbitrary movable part of lock piece 4, spring 5 and motion.Variety of way is seen shown in Figure 11,12,13,14,15,16.Lock piece 4 its main bodys can be integral type with the movable counterpart that drives its activity, also can be separate type, and are as the body 28 that is unlocked of the swing type among Figure 29, promptly fixedly connected or flexibly connect.

Oblique tongue mechanism can be set, identical with common oblique tongue mechanism.

Manually locking mechanism divides rotary structure and parallel-moving type structure.

Rotary structure is had the sealed body 7 of shaft type of rocking bar by rotary manipulation bar 6, an end; the ratchet 12 of hinge on rocking bar; be responsible for the stage clip 5 that the swing ratchet resets; be fixed on the overload protecting mechanism that simple grain ratchet 73 on the rotary body 1 in the dead bolt motion that sky puts and action bars and sealed body junction be provided with and form, shown in Fig. 1,9,17.

The parallel-moving type structure is by translation bar 6, the sealed body 7 of slide block type of band fork, and the projective table type ratchet 73 that is fixed on the translation body 2 in the dead bolt motion parallel with sealed body 7 is formed, as Fig. 1, boss sour jujube tooth and Figure 18 of 4.The overload protection connector is seen Figure 19,20,21, is respectively rectangle pawl formula structure, circular cone friction structure or plays pole structure.

As Fig. 1, door closes, tiltedly the tongue system is sealed, manually rotate counterclockwise the action bars 6 that is installed in indoor and outdoor, sealed body 7 by the connection of rectangle pawl formula, drive rotates counterclockwise with the ratchet 12 promotion rotary bodies 1 of its hinge, thereby translation body 43,44 is protruding up and down to promote main dead bolt, treat that many dead bolts stretch out motion and stop, the down translation under the effect of extension spring 5 of locking body 4 in the lockable mechanism, retreating of main dead bolt translation body 2 also blocked in list flat department plane on the rotary body 1 that locking firmly just rotate in place, and the manual lock closing operation finishes.After sealed, if continue to rotate counterclockwise action bars 6 again, when moment surpasses one regularly, rectangle pawl formula connecting rod contracts after just and skids.Clockwise rotate action bars 6, ratchet skids, and can not reverse by driven rotary body 11, and skids on the slope of sour jujube tooth.

The indoor manual open mechanism that can manually regulate and control further can be divided into following several:

1, memory type moves axially the clutch method

As shown in Figure 9, its by indoor regulation and control button 58, open the axially movable unlatching piece 18 of energy that seat 17, the adjusting rod 16 of band edge face cam, back-moving spring 20, end face have boss, free gear 19 that end face has boss, the movable division board 21, inner handle 60, the fan-shaped unlatching gear 57 that prevent from sealed back to open piece and move, can promote the interior swivel base 74 that fan-shaped unlatching gear rotates and locking body 4 and main dead bolt translation part 2 that have a projection form.

As shown in figure 27, be another kind of structure, be responsible for and open that it is to connect the open operation button that overcoat is opened seat 17 by the interior felling axe in same axle center, in the axle adjusting rod be to connect regulation and control button 22 (drawing on Figure 27), compare with Fig. 9 and lacked interior swivel base 74 and fan-shaped unlatching gear 57.

2, normally closed type moves axially the clutch method

Shown in Figure 24,25, it is by locking regulating rod 62, connecting rod 63, fork 64, shift fork 61, and stud with pivot pin 75 and open seat 17, and compositions such as unlatching piece 18 that can translation, bearing 76, guide type shoe 77, locking body 4.

3, memory type push-and-pull clutch method radially:

Shown in Figure 32,33, it is made up of regulating rod (button) 58, radial cams 67, connection fork 70, unlatching gear 68, idler gear 69, the different gear 66 of unlatching, little axle 72, extension spring 71, division board 21, manually opened button 65, lock piece 4 etc.Figure 28 is another kind of structure, by band radial cams adjusting rod 22, open body 23, clutch guide plate 24, the outer operating knob of opening of interior adjusting etc. that moves be unlocked body 25, lock piece 4 and coaxial-type forms (Figure 28 for not locked state).

4, normally closed type push-and-pull clutch method radially

As shown in figure 29, its adjusting rod 26 by the band radial cams, open body 27, swing type be unlocked body 28, lock piece 4, extension spring 78, dial reset finger 79 and the operating knob that are contained on the lock box and form, adjusting rod 26 and unlatching body 27 also can unite two into one.

5, memory type self-locking locking method

Shown in Fig. 1,7,8,30, it is made up of the open operation button that ends unlatching body 29, lock piece 4 or latch 80, the button lid 54 of face and be provided with overload protection with lock.

6, his locking method of normally closed type

Shown in Fig. 5,6, it is made up of regulation and control key 51, only face with lock and manually opened body 29, key operated body 52, rotary body 1 and manually opened button etc.

Describe its use in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

As shown in Figure 1; turn clockwise and be installed in open operation button on the indoor panel; drive the unlatching body 29 that have locking face of hinge in the cavity of lock body 10 and bonnet 30 by overload protecting mechanism; along with first tooth opening body 29 meshes with lock piece 4; lock piece 4 moves on just beginning stably; on move on to the rear end that certain altitude leaves the locking face and the main dead bolt pan body 2 of rotary body 1; at this moment; along with the pivot pin on the locking body 43 is run into down groove end on the translation body 44; clockwise rotate by the moving rotary body 1 of the last shipper pole of following translation body; make main motion mechanism realize the retracting motion of many dead bolts; when first tooth opening body 29 do not leave locking body 4; second tooth promotes again to move in lock piece 4 continuation; crossed certain stroke; the front end of lock piece 4 begins to promote oblique tongue 31 retractions; until many dead bolts and tiltedly tongue bounce back simultaneously and put in place; manual operation finishes; revolution is opened body 29 to starting point; tiltedly tongue stretches out under the effect of spring; lock piece 4 moves down under the effect of spring 5, until running on the rotary body cylindrical and stop (seeing the double dot dash line position of the lock piece 4 of Fig. 1).

When needs are selected to disabled status, as long as make unlatching body 29 rotate counterclockwise 90 degree, its locking face just forwards the position of the double dot dash line among the figure to, locking plane on the locking body 4 just moves down and overlaps with the locking face of opening body when sealed to door lock, be lockable and rotate owing to open body, thereby realized disable function.

Fig. 9, the 10th, another memory type move axially many dead bolts safe-guard door lock of the oblique tongue of the band mechanism of clutch method.Its feature is to have only the directly retracting motion of the low oblique tongue of guard system of manual operation of a pair of inside and outside handle, also can pin outdoor handle and open oblique tongue by regulating block 35 (referring to Fig. 1), simultaneously can be directly manually sealed to many dead bolts at the inside and outside handle of indoor and outdoor operation, indoor directly manually opened all dead bolts.

One door that closes, tiltedly tongue 36 stretches out and has realized wind-shielding function, as long as the inside and outside handle 59,60 of operating room is rotated counterclockwise (being as the criterion with left view), interior swivel base 74 of drive or outer swivel base 34 are stirred shifting block 33 and are clockwise rotated, thereby make oblique tongue 36 retractions, swivel base 34 outside operation regulating block 35 pins can not be rotated counterclockwise outdoor handle 59, and skew bolt lock is lived.

When needing sealed many dead bolts, as long as the inside and outside handle 59 of operating room, 60 turn clockwise drive in the bar portion of swivel base 74 or the sealed body 7 of outer swivel base 34 promotions, make the sealed body 7 of hinge in inside and outside swivel base drive that ratchets 12 are unidirectional to be promoted the empty fan-shaped sealed gear 56 that overlaps on the swivel base 34 outside and clockwise rotate, transmitting main dead bolt translation body 2 by free gear 19 stretches out to the right, thereby driven rotary body 1 reaches translation body 43 up and down, 44 realize the motion of stretching out of many dead bolts, until reaching terminal point, this moment, lock piece 4 overlapped at the flat department of the list face that moves down under the effect of extension spring 5 with on the rotary body 1 that just turns over, thereby finished manual sealed operation sequence, around here because the moving down of lock piece 4, fixed thereon division board 21 also moves down thereupon, open axially moving once again of body 18 thereby stop, realized the reliability of regulation and control state-maintenances simultaneously, especially when opening body 18 and regulate and control forbidding shelves to double dot dash line, manually regulate and control button and how to rotate all of no avail.

Indoor manual open, be tuned to when enabling grade at the regulation and control button, the indoor handle 60 of manual operation rotates counterclockwise, drive rotating counterclockwise of the fan-shaped unlatching gear 57 on the swivel base 74 in empty being enclosed within by the boss on interior swivel base 74 cylindricals, simultaneously with the unlatching seat 17 of fan-shaped unlatching gear 57 engagements, drive can clockwise rotate by axially movable unlatching piece 18 through regulation and control.Lock piece 4 moves on stably after the teeth engagement of first teeth of opening piece 18 and lock piece 4, with the flat department of the list plane that has broken away from the rotary body 1, at this moment open the boss (in figure dotted line) of boss by free gear 19 on piece 18 end faces and drive it and clockwise rotate.With the main dead bolt translation body 2 and the following translation body 44 of its engagement, and all do the retracting motion of many dead bolts simultaneously, thereby realized the indoor manual open operation with the rotary body 1 that main dead bolt translation body 2 and last translation body 43 mesh.

Need regulate and control indoor manual regulation and control opening mechanism to forbidding shelves, as long as before dead bolt is not sealed, rotation manual regulation and control button 58 drives by band edge face cam adjusting rod 16 and to open pieces 18 axially toward moving left, and treats when sealed to be blocked by division board 21 to get final product.It is more convenient that the adjusting rod root is designed to screw thread, is designed to push pull type, its state of easily distinguishing more directly perceived.Be designed to and push away toward in, pull outward and realize when opening, be closed type by lock body.

Common latch is a kind ofly can be further improved the indoor manual open mechanism that increase can manually be regulated and control according to the present invention with the sealed safe-guard door lock of automatic indoor and outdoor in fact.

Fig. 5, Fig. 6 are the front view and the vertical views of normally closed type locking latch opening, and the indoor manual open regulating and controlling mechanism is an illegal state.The Shi Shouyi that gos out sliding door, meeting and discussing on the door lock 50 collided just toward retraction with doorframe, broken away from the rotary body 1 that is coiled spring 49 tensions when opening, at this moment under the restoring force effect of spring 49, rotate counterclockwise rotary body 1, reverse along with rotary body 1, outwards promote on three directions with last connecting rod 45, lower link 46, the main lock connecting rod 47 of its hinge, stretch out motion, realized the sealed operation sequence of door lock thereby carry out many dead bolts.

Fig. 7, Fig. 8 are the front view and the left views of memory type locking latch, the same Fig. 5 of its structure, Fig. 6 are basic identical, the latch of different is this kind style is not by Artificial Control, but with sealed relevant with opening movement, the locking face of unlatching body 29 and the locking face of latch are when same plane, and regulating and controlling mechanism is in disabled status.

Outdoor key operated operation, the insertion key drives key operated body 52 and clockwise rotates, and release the regulation and control key 51 of original locking left with its radial cams, then the boss by its end face drives the boss rotation of opening on body 29 end faces, continue to clockwise rotate by the boss driven rotary body of opening on body 29 upper surfaces 1 again, up to connecting rod, many dead bolt retractions put in place, the buckle of meeting and discussing simultaneously embeds in the groove of rotary body 1 under the active force of spring 53, simultaneously also and then dish is tightly for the dish spring that links to each other with groove on 1 of the rotary body, increase the spring restoring force, made the power of next time locking.

Indoor manual open, when manually the regulation and control key does not push, but just direct control unlatching body 29 clockwise rotates, and driven rotary body 1 is realized many dead bolt retractions.

Claims (10)

1, many dead bolts safe-guard door lock, comprise the dead bolt motion, drive the driving mechanism of dead bolt motion motion, limit the lockable mechanism of dead bolt motion motion, it is characterized in that: also comprise the indoor manual locking mechanism that drives the dead bolt motion, outdoor manual locking mechanism and the indoor manual open mechanism that can manually regulate and control.

2, many dead bolts safe-guard door lock as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described indoor manual locking mechanism, outdoor manual locking mechanism are provided with ratchet, and the dead bolt motion is provided with the simple grain ratchet, and the unidirectional drive ratchet motion of ratchet.

3, many dead bolts safe-guard door lock as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described indoor manual locking mechanism, outdoor manual locking mechanism are rotary structure or parallel-moving type structure; Described rotary structure comprises that the rotary body, the rocking bar upper hinge that have rocking bar ratchet and ratchet is provided with the answer stage clip; Described parallel-moving type structure comprises the slide block of being with fork, and fork is provided with ratchet.

4, many dead bolts safe-guard door lock as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described its control method of indoor manual open mechanism that can manually regulate and control has clutch method or locking method.

5, many dead bolts safe-guard door lock as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described clutch method is the indoor manual open parts that can manually regulate and control and is provided with the lockable mechanism of activity or secure fit part in axial or radial separation or closure.

6, many dead bolts safe-guard door lock as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described locking method is that the locking face on the manual opening part overlaps with the locking face of regulation and control on the parts or separates; Or the locking face on the movable latch in the locking face on the manual opening part and the lockset overlaps or separates.

7, many dead bolts safe-guard door lock as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: the regulation and control button of the described indoor manual open mechanism that can manually regulate and control is arranged on indoor, fix movable division board on lock piece or the dead bolt motion, when sealed, division board blocks manually opened mechanism.

8, many dead bolts safe-guard door lock as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described outdoor man-operated mechanism is automatic locking mechanism.

9, as the described many dead bolts safe-guard door lock of claim 1-8, it is characterized in that: on the operating knob of described driving mechanism overload protection arrangement is set.

10, the arbitrary safe-guard door lock of many dead bolts as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that: described overload protection arrangement is rectangle pawl formula structure, circular cone friction structure or plays pole structure.

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