CN1569882A - Process for preparing protopanoxadiol and protopanaxatriol - Google Patents

Process for preparing protopanoxadiol and protopanaxatriol Download PDF

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CN1569882A
CN1569882A CN 200410018038 CN200410018038A CN1569882A CN 1569882 A CN1569882 A CN 1569882A CN 200410018038 CN200410018038 CN 200410018038 CN 200410018038 A CN200410018038 A CN 200410018038A CN 1569882 A CN1569882 A CN 1569882A
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protopanoxadiol
protopanaxatriol
preparation
reaction
alkaline hydrolysis
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CN1252082C (en
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惠永正
刘俊耀
杨志奇
滕继军
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Yiruida Shanghai Pharmaceutical Technology Co ltd
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CHUANGXIN CHINESE MEDICINE RESEARCH CENTER SHANGHAI
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Abstract

The invention relates to the process for preparing protopanoxadiol and protopanaxatriol by using general saponin extract from panax ginseng plant leaves and gynostemma pentaphylla extractive as raw material for alkaline hydrolysis reaction in organic solvent through column chromatography and purification.

Description

Protopanoxadiol and Protopanaxatriol's preparation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to protopanoxadiol and Protopanaxatriol's preparation method, specifically be about being raw material, by oxidation alkaline hydrolysis prepared in reaction protopanoxadiol and Protopanaxatriol's method with the panax species that contains ginsenoside or the total saponin extracts of leaf, the Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract of gynostemma plant.
Background technology
Araliaceae (Araliaceae) Panax (Panax) plant has very high pharmaceutical use, its main effective constituent is saponin component, can roughly be divided into three major types by aglycon structure difference: protopanoxadiol saponins (Protopanaxdiol-type Gisenosides), Protopanaxatriol's saponins (Protopanaxtriol-type Gisnosides) and Oleanolic Acid saponins.This genus medicinal plant has following: first kind plant, saponin component have protopanoxadiol saponins and Protopanaxatriol's saponins, and such plant has pseudo-ginseng (P.notoginseng) (total saponin content 8-12%), three leaf gensengs (P.trifolious); The second class plant, saponin component is based on protopanoxadiol saponins and Protopanaxatriol's saponins, but also contain a small amount of Oleanolic Acid saponins, genseng (Radix Ginseng) (total saponin content 2.0-3.5%), Radix Panacis Quinquefolii (Panaxquinquefolium L.) (total saponin content 6.4-7.3%) are the representative of this plant; In the 3rd class plant, content, the kind of protopanoxadiol saponins, Protopanaxatriol's saponins and Oleanolic Acid saponins are suitable in the saponin component, as: Vietnam's genseng (P.vietnamensis), Himalaya panicled fameflower root (P.pseudo-ginseng subsp.Himalaicus), rhizome of Japanese Ginseng (P.japonicus), Rhizoma Panacis bipinnatifidi (P.japonicus var bipinnatifolius), Rhizome of Bipinnatifid Ginseng (P.japonicus var major), narrow leaf rhizome of Japanese Ginseng (P.japonicus var angustifolius).In the 4th class plant, saponin component is based on the Oleanolic Acid saponins, as: narrow leaf panicled fameflower root (P.pseudo-ginseng subsp.himalaicus var angustifolius), panicled fameflower root (P.pseudo-ginseng WALL subsp.pseudo-ginseng), Panax zingiberensis C. Y. Wu. Et Feng (P.zingiberensis), Pinpien Ginseng (P.stipuleanatus).
Though and gynostemma pentaphylla belongs to Curcurbitaceae (Cucurbitaceae) gynostemma pentaphyllum genus (Gynostemma B1) plant, but more than the 50 kind of genseng saponin constituent that it contains, function with similar genseng, wherein Rhizome or herb of Fiveleaf Gynostemma saponin I II, IV, VII, XII are four kinds, are same substances with ginsenoside Rb1, Rb3, Rd, F2 respectively; Its acid hydrolysis products and ginsenoside acid hydrolysis products---panoxadiol has identical physico-chemical property, this is very rare in the plant of non-Araliaceae, thereby is described as " second genseng ".
About protopanoxadiol and Protopanaxatriol's preparation method, bibliographical information has:
(1) the ginsenoside acid hydrolysis prepares protopanoxadiol (Chinese patent: CN1417224A, 2003)
Ginsenoside is dissolved in contains in protectant organic solvent acidic aqueous solution hydrolysis 7-10 days.
Though this method has been alleviated ginsenoside unstable destructible under acidolysis condition, the problem of easy cyclisation, but this method require raw materials used ginsenoside purity necessary 〉=90%, and can not contain triol type saponin(e in the diol type saponin(e, promptly this method will be carried out separating of diol type saponin(e and triol type saponin(e to crude extract, feed purification is had relatively high expectations, and reaction yield is not high.
(2) high temperature alkaline hydrolysis method (Chinese patent: CN1122042C, 2003)
Ginsenoside is dissolved in the solution of alkali metal hydroxide and high boiling point aliphatic alcohols organism composition, heating is hydrolyzed, and can obtain protopanoxadiol and Protopanaxatriol's monomer through methods such as silica gel column chromatography, ODS column chromatography, recrystallization or HPLC.
This method need at high temperature be carried out, and obtain after the hydrolysis also mostly be to mix saponin, so target product protopanoxadiol and Protopanaxatriol's monomeric yield is not high.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of protopanoxadiol and Protopanaxatriol's preparation method.This method has the reaction conditions gentleness, and cost is low, the characteristics of the easily separated purifying of product, can high yield obtain highly purified protopanoxadiol and Protopanaxatriol, be the method that is fit to suitability for industrialized production.
Method of the present invention can be represented with following reaction formula:
Figure A20041001803800051
A1 A2 (protopanoxadiol) A3 (Protopanaxatriol)
A kind of panoxadiol of the present invention and Protopanaxatriol's preparation method, this method is that the total saponin extract with panax species that contains ginsenoside or leaf, the Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract of gynostemma plant are raw material, in organic solvent, carry out the reaction of oxidation alkaline hydrolysis, through column chromatography purification, can high yield obtain highly purified protopanoxadiol and Protopanaxatriol.
Panax species in the raw material sources, we preferably use first kind plant, it is the plant that saponin component only contains protopanoxadiol saponins and Protopanaxatriol's saponins, and the second class plant, be saponin component based on protopanoxadiol saponins and Protopanaxatriol's saponins, but also contain the plant of a small amount of Oleanolic Acid saponins, simultaneously, panax species leaf glucoside mainly is made up of the protopanoxadiol saponin(e, has only Protopanaxatriol's saponin(e seldom.Total saponin extract of panax species or leaf both can oneself be prepared by us, also can directly buy from producer, and the Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract of gynostemma plant is bought from producer.
In reaction, total saponin extract of panax species or leaf, the Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract of gynostemma plant and organic solvent amount ratio be 40-120g/L;
Organic solvent is C 2-C 10Saturated monohydroxy alcohol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3 butylene glycol, 1, the mixture of one or more in 4-butyleneglycol, the glycerol;
Carry out alkaline hydrolysis with sodium alkoxide, sodium alkoxide is to be selected from C 1-C 6Sodium alkoxide in a kind of, concentration range is 0.2~1.5mol/L;
The alkaline hydrolysis temperature is 80-140 ℃, and the reaction times is 24-90 hour;
Oxidation is meant and continues aerating oxygen or pressurized air in reaction.
The used leacheate of column chromatography purification is two or more a mixture in methyl alcohol, chloroform, sherwood oil, ethyl acetate, methylene dichloride or the hexanaphthene.
The inventive method prepares the protopanoxadiol method with respect to the ginsenoside acid hydrolysis, neither there is the unstable destructible of ginsenoside, the problem of easy cyclisation, do not need raw materials used extract is carried out separating of diol type saponin(e and triol type saponin(e yet, then the requirement of phase intercommunication feed purification is just not high, but the easily separated purifying of target product; And with respect to high temperature alkaline hydrolysis method, reaction conditions gentleness of the present invention, and the easily separated purifying of target product, can high yield obtain highly purified protopanoxadiol and Protopanaxatriol, so use the inventive method can be simply, convenient, low cost, industrialization prepare protopanoxadiol and Protopanaxatriol in a large number, antitumor to satisfy, resist requirement of providing medicinal such as cardiovascular.
Embodiment
Below, can further understand the present invention, but can not limit content of the present invention by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Pseudo-ginseng 18kg (specification: countless heads, available from Yunnan) be ground into Powdered (100-200 order), use 30kg 95% alcohol immersion two days, filter, filtrate concentrate the pseudo-ginseng ethanol extraction, ethanol reclaim to reuse soaks filter residue six times, final accumulative total pseudo-ginseng ethanol extraction 3.37kg, it is soluble in water, with Petroleum ether extraction three times, water intaking is used n-butanol extraction four times mutually, and n-butanol layer concentrates, altogether Radix Notoginseng total arasaponins n-butanol extract 1.78kg.
Get total saponin extracts 100g and be dissolved in the 1300ml propyl carbinol, heating is stirred, and (chemical pure, purity: 80%) (1.56mol, concentration: 1.2mol/L), lead to oxygen, 90 ℃ were reacted 65 hours 132.6g, and reaction finishes to add sodium ethylate.Reaction solution is chilled to room temperature, and with the saturated washing of propyl carbinol, n-butanol layer concentrates the back and uses water dissolution, ethyl acetate extraction, and ethyl acetate layer washes with water, drying.After concentrating, through silica gel column chromatography [1~5% methanol gradient elution] purifying, get protopanoxadiol (A2) 6g, it is 97.93% that HPLC measures purity; Protopanaxatriol (A3) 11g, it is 99.95% that HPLC measures purity.The materialization data that compound (A3) is measured are coincident with literature value: Chen Yingjie et al, Journal of ShenyangCollege of Pharmacy, 1987,4 (4), 282-289.
The materialization data that compound (A3) is measured are as follows:
1H?NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3):δ5.18(d,1H),4.14(m,1H),3.6(m,1H),3.2(s,1H),2.15-1.61(m,20H),1.58-1.17(m,12H),1.05(s,5H),1.01(s,3H),0.95(d,8H)。
13C?NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3):132.1,125.2,78.8,74.7,71.0,68.9,61.4,53.7,51.7,49.8,47.7,47.2,41.2,39.6,39.4,39.1,34.8,31.4,31.3,31.2,27.3,27.2,26.7,26.0,22.6,18.0,17.5,17.4,17.1,15.8。
Embodiment 2
Get extract of panax notoginseng saponins 100g (preparing among the embodiment 1) and be dissolved in the 1500ml Pentyl alcohol, heating is stirred, add propyl carbinol sodium (chemical pure, purity: 150g (1.56mol, concentration: 1.04mol/L) 80%), logical pressurized air, 100 ℃ were reacted 60 hours, and reaction finishes.Reaction solution is chilled to room temperature, and with the saturated washing of propyl carbinol, n-butanol layer concentrates the back and uses water dissolution, ethyl acetate extraction, and ethyl acetate layer washes with water, drying.After concentrating, through silica gel column chromatography [hexanaphthene: ethyl acetate=10: 1-1: 1 (V/V) gradient elution] purifying, get protopanoxadiol (A2) 8g, it is 97% that HPLC measures purity; Protopanaxatriol (A3) 15g, it is 99% that HPLC measures purity.The materialization data that compound (A3) is measured are coincident with literature value: Chen Yingjie et al, Journal of Shenyang College of Pharmacy, 1987,4 (4), 282-289.
Embodiment 3
Folium Notoginseng glycoside (content: in ginsenoside Rb3,91.9%; Available from Yunnan) 1000g is dissolved in the 14L propyl carbinol, heating is stirred, add sodium ethylate (chemical pure, purity: 80%) 1190g (14.0mol, concentration: 1.0mol/L), logical oxygen, 110 ℃ of reactions 55 hours, reaction finishes.Reaction solution is chilled to room temperature, and with the saturated washing of propyl carbinol, n-butanol layer concentrates and uses water dissolution, ethyl acetate extraction, and ethyl acetate extraction is through washing, dry, evaporate to dryness.Through silica gel column chromatography [sherwood oil: ethyl acetate=9: 1-2: 1 (V/V) gradient elution] purifying, get protopanoxadiol (A2) 181.6g, it is 99.3% that HPLC measures purity.Its materialization data are coincident with literature value: J.Asakawa et al, Tetrahedron, 1977,33,1935-939; Nagai, M.etal, Chem.Pharm.Bull, 1972,20 (6), 1212-1216.
The materialization data that compound (A2) is measured are as follows:
1H?NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3):δ5.13(t,1H),3.6(m,1H),3.2(s,1H),2.15-1.72(m,12H),1.64-1.22(m,14H),1.01(d,8H),0.92(s,6H),0.81(s,6H),0.78(s,3H)。
13C?NMR(300MHz,CDCl 3):131.4,125.2,78.8,74.0,70.8,56.0,53.6,51.6,50.2,47.7,39.8,39.0,39.0,37.1,34.8,34.8,31.2,31.1,28.1,27.4,26.8,26.6,25.8,22.4,18.3,17.8,16.9,16.2,15.7,15.5。
Embodiment 4
Folium Notoginseng glycoside (content: in ginsenoside Rb3 greater than 85%; Available from Yunnan) 1000g is dissolved in 10L propyl carbinol and the 4L isopropylcarbinol mixed solvent, heating is stirred, add sodium ethylate (chemical pure, purity: 80%) 1230g (14.5mol, concentration: 1.04mol/L), logical pressurized air, 90 ℃ of reactions 88 hours, reaction finishes.Reaction solution is chilled to room temperature, and with the saturated washing of propyl carbinol, n-butanol layer concentrates the back and uses water dissolution, ethyl acetate extraction, and ethyl acetate extraction is through washing, dry, evaporate to dryness.Through silica gel column chromatography [sherwood oil: ethyl acetate=8: 1-2: 1 (V/V) gradient elution] purifying, get protopanoxadiol (A2) 157.0g, it is 97.9% that HPLC measures purity.The materialization data of its mensuration and conforming to of embodiment 3 products.
Embodiment 5
Red ginseng (total saponin content 2.36%; Available from Anhui) extract 5g is dissolved in 100ml 1, in the 4-butyleneglycol, stirs, add sodium tert-butoxide (chemical pure, purity: 97%) 3.96g (0.04mol, concentration: 0.4mol/L), logical oxygen, 130 ℃ of reactions 41 hours, reaction finishes.Reaction solution is chilled to room temperature, and with the saturated washing of propyl carbinol, n-butanol layer concentrates the back and uses water dissolution, ethyl acetate extraction, and ethyl acetate layer washes with water, drying.After concentrating, through silica gel column chromatography [1~8% methanol/dichloromethane solution gradient elution] purifying, get protopanoxadiol (A2) 150mg, HPLC measures purity>98%; Protopanaxatriol (A3) 90mg, HPLC measures purity>98%.The materialization data that they are measured conform to embodiment 1,3 products.
Embodiment 6
Red ginseng (total saponin content 2.36%; Available from Anhui) extract 5g is dissolved in the 80ml glycerol, stirs, add sodium propylate (chemical pure) 3.28g (0.04mol, concentration: 0.5mol/L), feed pressurized air, 135 ℃ of reactions 36 hours, reaction finishes.Reaction solution is chilled to room temperature, and with the saturated washing of propyl carbinol, n-butanol layer concentrates the back and uses water dissolution, ethyl acetate extraction, and ethyl acetate layer washes with water, drying.After concentrating, through silica gel column chromatography [hexanaphthene: ethyl acetate=10: 1-3: 1 (V/V) gradient elution] purifying, get protopanoxadiol (A2) 136mg, it is>98% that HPLC measures purity; Protopanaxatriol (A3) 92mg, it is>98% that HPLC measures purity.The materialization data that they are measured conform to embodiment 1,3 products.
Embodiment 7
Stem and leaf of Radix Panacis Quinquefolii extrac (Radix Ginseng total saponins content 85%; Available from Jilin) 10g is dissolved in the 100ml n-hexyl alcohol, heating is stirred, add sodium methylate (chemical pure, purity: 50%) 12.96g (0.12mol, concentration: 1.2mol/L), logical oxygen, 120 ℃ of reactions 70 hours, reaction finishes.Reaction solution is chilled to room temperature, and with the saturated washing of propyl carbinol, ethyl acetate extraction, ethyl acetate layer washes with water, drying.After concentrating, through silica gel column chromatography [1~5% methanol gradient elution] purifying, get protopanoxadiol (A2) 650mg, HPLC measures purity>98%; Protopanaxatriol (A3) 450mg, HPLC measures purity>98%.The materialization data that they are measured conform to embodiment 1,3 products.
Embodiment 8
Radix Panacis Quinquefolii root extract (Radix Ginseng total saponins content 30%; Available from Jilin) 10g is dissolved in the 100ml ethylene glycol, heating is stirred, add sodium methylate (chemical pure, purity: 50%) 12.96g (0.12mol, concentration: 1.2mol/L), logical oxygen, 130 ℃ of reactions 55 hours, reaction finishes.Reaction solution is chilled to room temperature, and with the saturated washing of propyl carbinol, ethyl acetate extraction, ethyl acetate layer washes with water, drying.After concentrating, through silica gel column chromatography [sherwood oil: ethyl acetate=9: 1-2: 1 (V/V) gradient elution] purifying, get protopanoxadiol (A2) 300mg, HPLC measures purity>98%; Protopanaxatriol (A3) 250mg, HPLC measures purity>98%.The materialization data that they are measured conform to embodiment 1,3 products.
Embodiment 9
(total saponin content is about 80%, wherein ginsenoside Rb for gynostemma pentaphylla 1Account for 6%, former ginsenoside Rg accounts for 20%; Available from Hubei) extract 10g is dissolved in the 100ml ethanol, heating is stirred, add sodium ethylate (chemical pure, purity: 80%) 10.2g (0.12mol, concentration: 1.2mol/L), logical oxygen, 80 ℃ of reactions 84 hours, reaction finishes.Reaction solution is chilled to room temperature, and with the saturated washing of propyl carbinol, ethyl acetate extraction, ethyl acetate layer washes with water, drying.After concentrating, through silica gel column chromatography [sherwood oil: ethyl acetate=10: 1-2: 1 (V/V) gradient elution] purifying, get protopanoxadiol (A2) 450mg, HPLC measures purity>98%; Protopanaxatriol (A3) 950mg, HPLC measures purity>98%.The materialization data that they are measured conform to embodiment 1,3 products.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of protopanoxadiol and Protopanaxatriol's preparation method, it is characterized in that the total saponin extracts with panax species or leaf, the Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract of gynostemma plant are raw material, in organic solvent, carry out the reaction of oxidation alkaline hydrolysis, through column chromatography purification, make protopanoxadiol and Protopanaxatriol: wherein:
The amount ratio of the total saponin extracts of panax species or leaf, the Herb Gynostemmae Pentaphylli extract of gynostemma plant and organic solvent is 40-120g/L, carry out alkaline hydrolysis with sodium alkoxide, concentration range is 0.2-1.5mol/L, and the alkaline hydrolysis temperature is 80-140 ℃, and the reaction times is 24-90 hour.
2, preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described organic solvent is C 2-C 10Saturated monohydroxy alcohol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3 butylene glycol, 1,4-butyleneglycol, the mixture of one or more in the glycerol.
3, preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the sodium alkoxide of using in the described alkaline hydrolysis reaction is to be selected from C 1-C 6A kind of in the sodium alkoxide.
4, preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described oxidation is to continue aerating oxygen or pressurized air in reaction.
5, preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the used leacheate of described column chromatography purification is two or more a mixture in methyl alcohol, chloroform, sherwood oil, ethanol ethyl ester, methylene dichloride or the hexanaphthene.
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Cited By (10)

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CN101508965B (en) * 2008-10-27 2011-08-03 昆明诺唯金参生物工程有限责任公司 Process of preparing 20(S)-ginsenoside Rh1 with streptomycete fermentation of pseudo-ginseng saponin
CN102311474A (en) * 2010-07-07 2012-01-11 北京师范大学 Method for preparing protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol by solvent-free method
US8148354B2 (en) 2006-06-09 2012-04-03 Shanghai Innovative Research Center Of Traditional Chinese Medicine Use of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol in manufacture of antidepressants
CN102558271A (en) * 2012-01-16 2012-07-11 沈阳药科大学 Industrial preparation method of pseudoginsenoside
CN103961358A (en) * 2013-01-31 2014-08-06 上海中药创新研究中心 Application of protopanaxadiol derivative and protopanaxatriol derivative in preparation of drugs
WO2017117903A1 (en) * 2016-01-08 2017-07-13 赵树民 Method for preparing 20(s)-protopanaxadiol
CN108558976A (en) * 2018-04-13 2018-09-21 深圳以诺生物制药有限公司 The preparation method of low polarity rare ginsenoside Δ PPD and Δ PPT
CN113214338A (en) * 2021-05-21 2021-08-06 吉林大学 Crystal and single crystal of protopanaxatriol and preparation method thereof
CN113637044A (en) * 2021-05-08 2021-11-12 中国人民解放军海军军医大学 Method for efficiently and rapidly preparing protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol
CN114702541A (en) * 2022-01-23 2022-07-05 吉林农业大学 Novel large-scale preparation method of compound 20(S) -protopanaxatriol PPT

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8148354B2 (en) 2006-06-09 2012-04-03 Shanghai Innovative Research Center Of Traditional Chinese Medicine Use of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol in manufacture of antidepressants
CN101508965B (en) * 2008-10-27 2011-08-03 昆明诺唯金参生物工程有限责任公司 Process of preparing 20(S)-ginsenoside Rh1 with streptomycete fermentation of pseudo-ginseng saponin
CN102311474B (en) * 2010-07-07 2016-02-24 北京师范大学 Application solventless method prepares protopanoxadiol and Protopanaxatriol
CN102311474A (en) * 2010-07-07 2012-01-11 北京师范大学 Method for preparing protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol by solvent-free method
CN102558271A (en) * 2012-01-16 2012-07-11 沈阳药科大学 Industrial preparation method of pseudoginsenoside
CN103961358B (en) * 2013-01-31 2016-07-06 上海中药创新研究中心 Protopanoxadiol derivative, the application in pharmacy of Protopanaxatriol's derivant
CN103961358A (en) * 2013-01-31 2014-08-06 上海中药创新研究中心 Application of protopanaxadiol derivative and protopanaxatriol derivative in preparation of drugs
WO2017117903A1 (en) * 2016-01-08 2017-07-13 赵树民 Method for preparing 20(s)-protopanaxadiol
CN106957351A (en) * 2016-01-08 2017-07-18 杨丽娟 The preparation method of 20 (S)-protopanoxadiols
CN108558976A (en) * 2018-04-13 2018-09-21 深圳以诺生物制药有限公司 The preparation method of low polarity rare ginsenoside Δ PPD and Δ PPT
CN113637044A (en) * 2021-05-08 2021-11-12 中国人民解放军海军军医大学 Method for efficiently and rapidly preparing protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol
CN113637044B (en) * 2021-05-08 2023-11-03 中国人民解放军海军军医大学 Method for preparing protopanoxadiol and protopanaxatriol
CN113214338A (en) * 2021-05-21 2021-08-06 吉林大学 Crystal and single crystal of protopanaxatriol and preparation method thereof
CN114702541A (en) * 2022-01-23 2022-07-05 吉林农业大学 Novel large-scale preparation method of compound 20(S) -protopanaxatriol PPT

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