CN1568360A - Environmentally friendly lubricants - Google Patents

Abstract

A biodegradable lubricant that is at least 60% biodegradable and has a gelation index of about 12 or less can be formulated using a transesterified triglyceride base oil together with a synthetic ester. A combination of an ester viscosity index improver and an olefin copolymer viscosity index improver also can be added. Further, the composition can be blended with mineral oils to lower the polarity in order to employ standard dispersant/inhibitor packages. Further, by mixing high and low viscosities of mineral oil in the formulation, it is possible to prepare a full range of SAE grade engine oils for gasoline-fueled and diesel-fueled engines.

Description

Eco-friendly lubricant

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind ofly to be applicable to oil engine, especially for the eco-friendly engine lubricant composition of gasoline and diesel motor.

Background technology

The vegetables oil tri-glyceride has been applied to the food and the cooking.Many this type of vegetables oil contain can pre-anti-oxidation natural antioxidants, for example phosphatide and sterol at lay up period.Tri-glyceride is regarded as the esterification products of glycerine and 3 carboxylic acids.The unsaturated number of degrees influence the easily oxidated degree of tri-glyceride in the carboxylic acid.Oxidizing reaction comprises reacting by near atom place unsaturated link(age) makes two or the reaction that connects of a plurality of tri-glyceride.These reactions may form and become the higher molecular weight material of not dissolving and fading, for example mud.Oxygenizement also can cause the cracking of ester bond or other inner scission reaction of tri-glyceride.More volatile by the tri-glyceride fragment (molecular weight is lower) that scission reaction forms.The carboxylic acid group that oxidizing reaction generated by tri-glyceride makes lubricant be acid.Also may produce aldehyde radical.The carboxylic acid group can attract oxidized metal and it can be dissolved in the oil, causes the metal of some metal part surfaces that lubricated to shift out.

Because natural glycerin three acid esters have problem of oxidation, most of commercial lubricants is to be prepared by the lower petroleum cuts of unsaturated number, makes it can resist oxygenizement.Petroleum cuts needs additive to reduce wear and reduces oxidation, reduces pour point and improves viscosity index (to adjust high or low temperature viscosity) etc.Petroleum cuts has the antibiont degradation property, and the additive (containing metal and reactive compounds usually) that is used to adjust some characteristic has then further reduced the biodegradable of spent lubricant.

Have a small amount of in the carbon-carbon bond or do not have the synthetic ester lubricant of degree of unsaturation to be used in the high-quality machine oil because of having desired character.Yet, be used to make the acid of synthetic ester and alcohol usually derived from petroleum cuts thereby be not from reproducible resource.So series lubricant agent is more expensive than natural glycerin three acid esters, and more do not have a biological degradability.

Limited oil supply amount is together with paying attention to use vegetables oil as the feasible substitute of lubricant to petroleum base lubricating oil more because of the care of revealing and dispose the environmental problem of being brought promotes people.Vegetables oil has the advantage of high flash point and splendid oilness, also biodegradable simultaneously and regeneration.But the cold flow characteristics of vegetables oil and oxidative stability are relatively poor, have so just hindered their uses under some extreme environments.

The work of great majority preparation vegetable oil lubricating agent all is to use the high oil of some natural oil acid contents such as Thistle oil, sunflower oil, Semen Maydis oil, soya-bean oil and rapeseed oil.The oil of these many degrees of unsaturation has lower oxidative stability, and full fat oil tends to crystallization at low temperatures.Therefore, using single unsaturated fatty acids is the dominant oil of oleic acid, can provide a rational compromise proposal between these two kinds of extreme cases.

For a kind of engine lubricant based on vegetables oil is provided.Some standard should satisfy, and comprises SAE (automobile engineering association), API (American Petroleum Institute (API)) and the desired index of ILSAC (international lubricant level and audit committee).Particularly the SAE low temperature viscosity requires to be difficult to satisfy concerning plant oil based lubricant.And, the oil that is used for oil engine also should satisfy the requirement of up-to-date GF-3/API SL minimum performance standards, comprise gel index less than 12, total deposition of high temperature TEOST (simulated experiment of thermooxidizing engine oil) is up to 45mg, keep homogeneous phase and miscible, low volatility, phosphorus content when with SAE reference mineral oil is up to 0.1% and can pass through foam, filterableness and ball wear test.

Therefore, concerning the plant oil based lubricant that can be used as I. C. engine oil, need to change SAE viscosity and satisfy up-to-date GF-3/API SL requirement and biodegradable at least about 60%.

Summary of the invention

Various embodiments of the present invention can satisfy the demand.In some embodiments, eco-friendly lubricant comprises the triglyceride oil and the synthetic ester that is different from triglyceride oil of transesterify.It is about 12 and at least 60% biodegradable that the gel index of this lubricant is lower than.This lubricant can be used as automobile engine oil and can further comprise viscosity index improver and/or peace and quiet inhibitor (DI) bag.Automobile engine oil also can comprise other additive such as pour point reducer, antioxidant, friction improver, rust-preventive agent, corrosion inhibitor and defoamer.Hereinafter will explain other specific embodiments.

Brief description

Fig. 1 is the figure that the gel index (Gi) of various lubricants in the embodiment of the present invention is done the weight percentage of viscosity index improver (VII).

Embodiment

Embodiment of the present invention provide the eco-friendly lubricant that uses under all kinds of different operating conditions of a kind of automobile, truck, motor van, motorbus and rural area, factory and Architectural Equipment.Preferred oil is at least about 60% biodegradable (according to ASTM D5864-95) and satisfy one or more newest standards by Society of automotive engineers (SAE), American Petroleum Institute (API) (API) and international lubricant level and audit committee (ILSAC), and these standards are incorporated herein by reference in full.

In the following description, no matter whether used the wording of " pact " or " approximately " in associated viscera, described all quantity are big approximate number, and they may or be to change between 10-20% 1%, 2%, 5% sometimes.Whenever with lower bound R ^LWith high limit R ^UWhen disclosing numerical range, all numbers that belong in this scope are all open one by one.Specifically, the number that is listed in down in this scope is all open one by one: R=R ^L+ k* (R ^U-R ^L), wherein k for 1% be increment 1%～100% variation promptly: k is 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%......, 50%, 51%, 52%......, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%.And any numerical range that two R numerical value defined above are limited is also open one by one.

Hereinafter describe and embodiment in used some experimental performances, definition and test method as follows:

Table 1 test method and term

Performance	Test method
		Biodegradable	ASTM?D5864
Scan-type Brookfield viscometer	ASTM?D5133
		The cold start-up simulation test	ASTM?D5293
Gel index	ASTM?D5133-99
		Gelling temp	ASTM?D5133-99
Kinematic viscosity	ASTM?D445
		The mensuration of machine oil low temperature yielding stress and apparent viscosity (MRV TP-1)	ASTM?D4684-98
Pour point	ASTM?D97
		The viscosity (TBS) of high shear rate and hot conditions inferior pyramidal bearing simulation test	ASTM?D4683
Viscosity index	ASTM?D2270
		Viscosity	ASTM?D445
Volatility under 371 ℃ (simulation distil test, flash-point)	ASTM?D6417
		Evaporation % loss (NOACK)	ASTM?D972

Definition:

ASTM provides the standard that American Society Testing and Materials formulated of evaluation of material standard agreement.

Biological degradability is a kind of method of measuring the lubricant biodegradable.ASTMD5864 measures the biological degradability of lubricant.Test is to measure aquatic biodegradable speed of its aerobic and degree when under laboratory condition lubricant being placed cultivation liquid.Be converted into CO by calculating lubricant ₂Speed measure its biological degradability.When adopting this method to measure, if the carbon of 28 days build-in test materials have 60% or more than be converted into CO ₂, then this lubricant ranges the readily biodegradable material.In certain embodiments, the biological degradability at least 65% of lubricant, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90% or 95%.

Cloth formula viscosity is the viscosity of measuring on a Brookfield viscometer, and unit is a centipoise.The principle of operation of Brookfield viscometer is to measure the moment of torsion of rotor rotational resistance in institute's test fluid flow.Although the Brookfield viscometer is most commonly used to the low-temperature performance test of bearing oil and conveyance fluid, in fact they also can be used for the mensuration of many other type of lubricant.

Cold cranking simulator (CCS) is a kind of middle shear rate viscometer, is the method for oil resistance when measuring engine cold-starting.CCS largely is subjected to the control of oily inner additive and base oil viscosity index.

The definition of gel index is when the maximum value of viscosity rate of increase when-5 ℃ are cooled to minimum test temperature slowly.Gel index is one and characterizes oil forms the gel structure tendency in the oil under colder temperature numerical value.Numerical value has some gel tendencies greater than 6 expressions, and numerical value can cause the worry of engine manufacturer greater than 12.Numerical value has just belonged to the bad oil scope greater than 15.Method by ASTMD-5133 is measured gel index, and this method is incorporated herein by reference in full.Can adopt scan-type Brookfield viscosity technology to measure gel index according to ASTM D-5133.In this test, rotating speed is arranged is that the oil pipe of 0.3rpm rotor was slowly lowered the temperature about 2 days with 1 ℃/hour speed with interior, generally is to-45 ℃ (40 °F) from-5 ℃ (23 °F).Along with sample cooling, the torque increase that spindle produced by the constant speed rotation is worth measures viscosity.Draw total viscosity profile, determine gel index thus.

Gelation point is called gelling temp again, and it is defined as the temperature that produces gel index.Method by ASTM D-5133 is determined gelling temp, and this test method is incorporated herein by reference in full.

Kinematic viscosity (KV) is a kind of viscosity commonly used at present, and unit is centistoke (cSt), measures down at 40 or 100 ℃.

Yielding stress and apparent low temperature viscosity (MRV YS and MRV TP-1) are measuring of engine oil border pumping temperature.After engine oil being put into one 80 ℃ small-sized rotational viscosimeter constant temperature, slowly cool to final test temperature, turning axle is applied low torque measure yielding stress, apply the apparent viscosity that higher torque is come working sample then with programming cool speed.

Pool is the CGS system unit of absolute viscosity, and it is a stream layer with the shearing rate of 1 cel with respect to the required shear-stress (dynes/cm) when mobile apart from its another layer of 1 centimetre.Centipoise (cP) is 1/100 pool, is the most frequently used absolute viscosity unit.What the conventional viscosity measuring method relied on the gravity convection body is used for providing shear-stress, thereby can be subjected to the influence of fluid density difference, and absolute viscosity method of masurement and density are irrelevant, direct relevant with resistance to flow.

Pour point is the mobile index of a kind of low temperature commonly used, is defined as oil or distillates fuel to can be observed the mobile minimum temperature when cooling off under the described condition of test method ASTM D97.When container kept flat for 5 seconds, the oil in the container does not see that the temperature above 3 ℃ (5) when flowing is pour point.

Conical bearing simulator (TBS) is to measure engine high-temperature high shear rate method of viscosity, utilizes the minimum slit between rotor and the stator inner wall to obtain high shear rate.

Viscosity index (VI) is to measure the speed that viscosity with temperature changes, and by the ASTM D567 method of (or the VI value is higher than at 100 o'clock by D2270), is determined according to formula by the viscosity of 40 ℃ and 100 ℃.

Viscosity is measuring of fluid flow resistance.Routine is to represent with the fluid of normal content required time of standard orifice of flowing through under a certain temperature.The high more then fluidic viscosity of this value is big more.Because the viscosity with temperature inverse change, thus if do not point out to measure temperature simultaneously then this value is just meaningless.For petroleum products, viscosity is measured (ASTM D445 method-kinematic viscosity) often with centistoke (cSt) report down at 40 or 100 ℃ at present.

Volatility is a character of express liquid evaporation characteristic.To two kinds of liquid, high-volatile boiling point of liquid is at lesser temps, and its evaporation is faster when two kinds of liquid all are in same temperature.The volatility of petroleum products can be evaluated with flash test, simulation distil and volatilization weight loss (NOACK) method.

In general, the environmental friendly lubricant by embodiment of the present invention is the mixture of a transesterify vegetables oil and ester.The gel index of lubricant is lower than about 12.In certain embodiments, gel index be lower than about 10, be lower than about 8, be lower than about 6, be lower than about 4 or be lower than about 2.Preferred emollient satisfies one or more newest standards of Society of automotive engineers (SAE), American Petroleum Institute (API) (API) and international lubricant level and audit committee (ILSAC) and tests the index of defined readily biodegradable lubricant by ASTMD5864 should be biodegradable at least about 60%.Each vegetable oil can be present in the lubricant.For example the transesterify vegetables oil can be rapeseed oil, Semen Maydis oil, soya-bean oil and the sunflower oil of transesterify.Transesterify vegetables oil ester lower with gel index and improvement viscosity mixes mutually.

Table 2 illustrates the various compositions by the environmental friendly lubricant composition of embodiment of the present invention

Table 2

Component	Preferable range (wt.%)	More preferably scope (wt.%)	Most preferred range (wt.%)	Feasible region (wt.%)
					The tri-glyceride of transesterify	????30-85	????35-75	????40-65	??0.5-99.5
Synthetic ester	????10-30	????12-25	????15-20	??0.5-99.5
					Ester class viscosity index improver	????0-3	????0.2-2.5	????0.5-2	??0.5-99.5
Olefin copolymer class viscosity index improver	????0-6	????1-5	????2-4	??0.5-99.5
					Dispersant	????8-16	????10-12	????5-10	??0.5-99.5
Additive	????0-5	????0-2	????1-2	??0.5-99.5
					Mineral oil	????0-40	????5-30	????10-25	??0.5-99.5

In certain embodiments, environmental friendly lubricant is about 30-85%, preferably about 35-75% and most preferably from about transesterify vegetables oil and about 10-30%, the preferably about 12-25% and the mixture of the synthetic ester measured of 15-20% most preferably from about of 40-65% amount.Optional by about 0.1-3.0%, more preferably from about 0.2-2.5% and the amount adding ester class viscosity index improver of 0.5-2% most preferably from about, and, optional by about 0.1-6.0%, more preferably from about 1-5% and the amount adding olefin copolymer class viscosity index improver of 2-4% most preferably from about.Environmental friendly lubricant is further optional to comprise about 8-14%, the more preferably from about dispersant of 10-12% amount and about 0.1-5%, other additive such as pour point reducer, oxidation inhibitor, friction improver, rust-preventive agent, corrosion inhibitor and the defoamer measured of 0-2% more preferably from about.Environmental friendly lubricant is mixed with gel index and is lower than about 12 and biodegradable at least about 60% in ASTM D5864-95 test.Environmental friendly lubricant also satisfies all ILSAC GF-3/API SL bench testings.

In other embodiments, the amount of transesterify vegetables oil is about 30-85%, preferably about 35-75% and 40-65% most preferably from about in the environmental friendly lubricant.Suitable transesterify vegetables oil includes but not limited to the described material of following United States Patent (USP) (being incorporated herein by reference): 6420322,6414223,6291409,6281375,6278006,6271185 and 5885643.

For example, a kind of this class transesterify vegetables oil comprises that US 6278006 is disclosed and has a glycerol type polyol ester that is shown below:

R wherein ₁, R ₂And R ₃Be the aliphatic hydrocarbyl that comprises about 4-24 carbon atom, R ₁, R ₂And R ₃In at least one has the radical of saturated aliphatic hydrocarbyl portion that comprises about 4-10 carbon atom, and R wherein ₁, R ₂And R ₃In at least one the aliphatic hydrocarbyl part that comprises about 12-24 carbon atom is arranged, these tri-glycerides can be taken from various plants or its seed, are commonly referred to as vegetables oil.R ₁, R ₂And R ₃Can be that identical group also can be different.

In the molecular formula of tri-glyceride, aliphatic hydrocarbyl at least 60% has single unsaturated character and comprises about 6-24 carbon atom, and " alkyl " used herein vocabulary shows it is all the other groups partly of the direct link molecule of a kind of carbon atom.Aliphatic hydrocarbyl comprises the following stated:

(1) aliphatic hydrocarbyl: i.e. alkyl, heptyl for example, nonyl, undecyl, tridecyl, heptadecyl; The thiazolinyl that contains single pair of key, heptenyl for example, nonene base, undecenyl, tridecylene base, heptadecene base, heneicosene base; The thiazolinyl that contains 2 or 3 two keys, for example 8,11-17 carbon dialkylenes and 8,11,14-17 carbon trialkenyl comprise their all isomer, but straight chain group preferably.

(2) aliphatic hydrocarbyl of Qu Daiing: promptly wherein contain the non-hydrocarbon substituent that can not change the main hydrocarbon characteristic of group, those skilled in the art should be familiar with these substituting groups that is suitable for very much, it for example is hydroxyl, carbalkoxy (particularly lower alkyl ester group) and alkoxyl group (particularly lower alkoxy), " rudimentary " vocabulary show and contain the group that is no more than 7 carbon atoms.

(3) heteroatoms base: promptly in chain that aliphatic carbon atom constitutes and ring, have non-carbon atom but still group with the main aliphatic hydrocrbon characteristic of the present invention.Suitable heteroatoms will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and for example comprises oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur.

Naturally occurring tri-glyceride is the vegetables oil tri-glyceride.Can be by with 1 mole of glycerin and 3 moles of fatty acids or fatty acid mixt reacts or form the tri-glyceride of transesterify by the naturally occurring vegetables oil of chemical modification.Regardless of the source of tri-glyceride, fatty acid part should make tri-glyceride have at least about 60%, preferably at least about 70% and most preferably at least about the unsaturated characteristic of 80% list.The tri-glyceride of transesterify also has at least about the unsaturated characteristic of 85,90 or 95% list.

Preferred transesterify vegetables oil has higher oxidative stability and good low temperature viscosity character.Oxidative stability is relevant with the degree of unsaturation in the oil, and (Omnion Inc., Rockland Mass) measures for example can to use the oxidative stability index instrument according to Cd 12b-92 (revision in the 1993) method of AOCS promulgation.Oxidative stability normally hour is represented with " AOM ".For example, oil oxidation stability can be about 40-120AOM hour scope or about 80-120AOM hour.The used transesterify vegetables oil of some embodiment has the excellent low temperature viscometric properties.The high expression of viscosity index value oil viscosity varies with temperature and lacking of changing.In other words, viscosity index is high more, and then the thinning ability of anti-low temperature retrogradation of lubricant and high temperature is strong more.The pour point of the transesterify vegetables oil that some embodiment is used is about 0 to-30 ℃.Vegetables oil at room temperature is about 6 ℃ or lower for liquid and fusing point.

Vegetables oil can make it comprise the oleic acid content that is higher than normal amount through modification usually.High oleic acid vegetables oil contains the oleic acid at least about 60%.These high-content oleic acid have lower oxidative stability, and full fat oil tends to crystallization at low temperatures.The oleic acid content of general sunflower oil is 25-30%.Be about 60-90% by the oleic acid content in the resulting sunflower oil of the sunflower seeds of genetically engineered modification.United States Patent (USP) 4627192 and 4743402 discloses the method for preparing high oleic sunflower oil and measure oleic acid content, thereby incorporates this paper into as a reference.

High oleic acid vegetables oil can be high oleic safflower oil, high acid corn oil, high oleic acid rapeseed oil, high oleic sunflower oil, high oleic acid soya-bean oil, high oleic acid Oleum Gossypii semen, high oleic acid Li Sikuila oil (lesquerella oil), the how rich oil of high oleic acid U.S. (meadowfoam oil) and high oleic acid brown tung oil essence.Preferred oil is AGRI-PURE 560 ^TM, this is a kind of transesterify high oleic sunflower oil of short chain polyunsaturated fatty acid ester.AGRI-PURE 560 ^TMBe by CARGILL (Minneapolis, MN) a kind of synthetic polyol ester TAG base oil of Sheng Chaning.

AGRI-PURE that production firm provides 560 ^TMThe description of product:

Table 3:AGRI-PURE 560 ^TM

Character	????Agri-pure??560	Test method
			40 ℃ of viscosity	????28.76cSt	????ASTM?D445
100 ℃ of viscosity	????6.47cSt	????ASTM?D445
			Viscosity index	????189	????ASTM?D2270
The Noack volatility	????3.5％	????ASTM?D6375-99A
			Proportion	????0.924g/ml	????ASTM?D1298
Density	????7.39lbs/gal	Get through conversion
			Flash-point	????247℃	????ASTM?D92
Oxidative stability	＞1500 hours	ASTM D943 dry method
			????PDSC，180℃	38 minutes	????ASTM?D61?86-98
Biological degradability	????＞95％	????CEC?L33-A-94
			Biological degradability	????＞80％	????ASTM?D?5864-95

Other preferred TAG base oil is included in SUNYL 80 ^TMThe high oleic sunflower oil of buying under one's name and at RS-80 ^TMThe high oleic acid rapeseed oil of buying under one's name is SVO company (Eastlake, product Ohio).Other high oleic oil comprises the high oleic sunflower oil that derives from DOW, DUPONT or Insituto de la Grasa, derive from the high oleic acid canola oil of CARGILL and DUPONT, derive from the high oleic acid soya-bean oil of DUPONT and MONSANTO, derive from the high acid corn oil of DUPONT, derive from the high oleic acid peanut oil of MYCOGEN or University of Florida.

The vegetables oil of non-genomic modification is sunflower oil, Thistle oil, Semen Maydis oil, soya-bean oil, rapeseed oil, beautiful how rich oil (meadowfoam oil), Li Sikuila oil (lesquerella oil), Viscotrol C or sweet oil.It should be noted that sweet oil is natural high oleic acid content.The oleic acid content of sweet oil is generally in the 65-85% scope.

Any vegetables oil all can carry out transesterification reaction by adding saturated ester, preferred short chain fatty acid or polyol ester, and the result receives on the glycerol backbone of vegetables oil the random esterification of short chain fatty acid.

In general, can be by short-chain aliphatic ester being added in the presence of catalyzer in the vegetables oil and the method for heated mixt is carried out transesterification reaction.Short-chain aliphatic ester comprises methyl esters and polyol ester.For example can generate methyl esters by the esterification of lipid acid.

Also can use polyol ester in the transesterification reaction of vegetables oil, " polyol ester " speech used herein is meant the ester that is generated by the polyvalent alcohol that contains about 10 carbon atoms of 2-and 2-6 hydroxyl.Preferred polyol contains 2-4 hydroxylic moiety.

The transesterification reaction of polyvalent alcohol and vegetables oil makes the length fatty acids chain random distribution of the short fatty acid chain of polyvalent alcohol and TAG in polyvalent alcohol and glycerol backbone.In one embodiment, the transesterify vegetables oil contains above the TAG of institute's definition structure and/or the non-glycerol type polyol ester of following structure:

R in the formula ₄And R ₅Independently be the aliphatic hydrocarbyl that comprises about 4-24 carbon atom separately, R ₄And R ₅In at least one has the radical of saturated aliphatic hydrocarbyl portion that comprises about 4-10 carbon atom, and R ₄And R ₅In at least one has the aliphatic hydrocarbyl part that comprises about 12-24 carbon atom.These tri-glycerides can be taken from various plants or its seed, are commonly referred to as vegetables oil.R ₆And R ₇Independent separately for hydrogen, comprise the aliphatic hydrocarbyl part of 1-4 carbon atom or following structural formula

X is the integer of about 0-6 in the formula, and R ₈Aliphatic hydrocarbyl part for 4-24 carbon atom.

The preparation method of above-mentioned transesterify vegetables oil is disclosed in United States Patent (USP) 6278006 (introducing this patent as a reference in full).Other spendable triglyceride oil is disclosed in United States Patent (USP) 5990055 and 6281375 (introducing this patent as a reference in full).The transesterify vegetables oil can comprise independent glycerol type polyol ester (as mentioned) or independent non-glycerol type polyol ester, or their mixture.

Vegetables oil tends to crystallization at low temperatures, because the trigalloyl based structures is quite regular, is easy to enter lattice.This can cause, and viscosity sharply rises under the low temperature, and the gel index test can not be passed through.For the gel index that satisfies GF-3/API SL bench testing prescribed by standard less than 12 requirement, add the saturated synthetic ester (being different from vegetables oil) of low gel index.For example, in prescription, sneak into the saturated synthetic ester of about 10-30%.Found that synthetic ester, particularly saturated ester can significantly reduce gel index.Synthetic ester can be dibasic ester such as adipic acid ester, sebate, the ester of ternary ester such as trimethylolethane (TME), TriMethylolPropane(TMP) (TMP), or polyol ester such as pentaerythritol ester.Add the transesterify triglyceride oil first ester gel index should less than about 10, less than about 8 or less than about 6.In certain embodiments, be used for reducing the lubricant gel index first ester gel index less than about 5 as be about 4 or lower, be about 3 or lower, be about 2 or lower or be about 1 or lower.

Binary or diester are by C ₄-C ₁₂Di-carboxylic acid (as Succinic Acid, pentanedioic acid, hexanodioic acid and sebacic acid) and 2 moles of C ₁-C ₁₂The product of alcohol reaction.An example is hexanodioic acid two (a 2-ethylhexyl).For playing one's part to the full, dibasic ester should have the viscosity index at least about 120.The chemical formula of dibasic ester is as follows:

In the formula, R ₁And R ₂Be the alkyl of about 1-20 carbon atom and n integer for about 1-20.Preferred dibasic ester is EMKARATE 1130 ^TM, be a kind of similar and different partial C that has ₁₀(New Castle DE) provides the diester of alcohol and sebacic acid by UNIQEMA PERFORMANCE CHEMICALS.R ₁And R ₂It can be similar and different part.

Also can use diester with characteristic shown in the similar following table:

Character	Value
		Flash-point, ℃	230 (closed-cups) 260 (spacious cup)
Spontaneous ignition temperature, ℃	385
		Density, g/ml	0.909
Pour point, ℃	-60
		Kinematic viscosity.cSt	????20.2@40℃ ????????4.8@100℃

The ternary ester is by C ₄-C ₁₂Tribasic carboxylic acid and 3 moles of C ₁-C ₂₀The product of alcohol reaction, or make by lipid acid and polyvalent alcohol (triol) condensation.For playing one's part to the full, the ternary ester should have the viscosity index at least about 120.The chemical formula of ternary ester is as follows:

In the formula, R ₁, R ₂, R ₃And R ₄Alkyl for about 1-20 carbon atom.Preferred ternary ester is UNIQEMA PERFORMANCE CHEMICALS (Newcastle, DE) EMKARATE 1550 of Sheng Chaning ^TMR ₁, R ₂, R ₃And R ₄It can be similar and different part.

Some other has the synthetic ester of following chemical formula:

In the formula, R ₁, R ₂, R ₃And R ₄Alkyl for about 1-20 carbon atom.Work as R ₄During for methyl, the synthetic ester that obtains is the trimethylolethane ester.Work as R ₄Be CH ₃CH ₂The time, the synthetic ester that obtains is a trihydroxymethylpropanyl ester.Other synthetic ester that is suitable for comprises EMKARATE 1700 ^TM, be a kind of C ₅-C ₇Pentaerythritol ester; PRIOLUBE 3960 ^TM, PRIOLUBE3939 ^TM, PRIOLUBE 1831 ^TM, be UNIQEMA PERFORMANCECHEMICALS (Newcastle, the DE) polymkeric substance made by dimeracid and glycol of some of Sheng Chaning, R ₁, R ₂, R ₃And R ₄It can be similar and different part.

For increasing the viscosity under the high temperature, added viscosity index improver in the prescription.In general, two class viscosity modifiers (or viscosity index improver) are arranged.One class is a polarity ester class, as LUBRIZOL 7671 ^TM, be that long-chain maleic anhydride ester-styrol copolymer (is also seen LUBRIZOL 7764 ^TMWith LUBRIZOL 7783 ^TM, be polymethacrylate copolymer).Another kind of is nonpolar hydrogenation olefin copolymer (OCP) class, as LUBRIZOL7075 ^TM(vinylbenzene-diene copolymers that also comprises hydrogenation is as INFINEUM SV 200 ^TMWith INFINEUM SV 150 ^TMDeng), be the amorphous hydrocarbon polymkeric substance.In the prescription this two classes viscosity modifier is tested.

By being used in combination polarity and nonpolar class viscosity index improver, the adjustable very wide machine oil of viscosity grade scope that mixes out.And, when mixing, can produce the machine oil that satisfies the needed desired viscosity of the reproducible environmental friendliness engine lubricant of preparation, gel index specification and other specification index with synthetic ester accent.

Preferred polarity ester class viscosity modifier is by LUBRIZOL company (Wickliffe, OH) LUBRIZOL of Sheng Chaning ^TM7671.LUBRIZOL ^TMThe 7671st, a kind of polymethacrylate thickening material also plays pour point reducer in vegetables oil.Other polarity viscosity index improver comprises LUBRIZOL company (Wickliffe, OH) LUBRIZOL of Sheng Chaning ^TM7764, LUBRIZOL ^TM7776, LUBRIZOL ^TM7785, LUBRIZOL ^TM7786, this is some polymethacrylate copolymer viscosity index improvers.

Also can use some to have the polarity ester class viscosity modifier of the listed character of similar following table:

Character	Value
		Flash-point, ℃	165
Proportion	0.90
		Viscosity, cSt	8500@40℃ 1500@100℃

Preferred nonpolar hydrogenation olefin copolymer class viscosity modifier is LUBRIZOL company (Wickliffe, OH) LUBRIZOL of Sheng Chaning ^TM7075 series.This series is overstepping one's bounds powder olefin copolymer (OCP) viscosity modifier of the up-to-date release of Lubrizol company.The hydrogenation olefin copolymer is the most widely used class viscosity modifier of passenger vehicle machine oil and heavy-duty diesel oil.Developed in middle 1960s, the hydrogenation olefin copolymer mainly is more different than at molecular weight and ethylene/propene.These polymkeric substance can effectively make the viscosity minimize variations in representative engine service temperature interval.They are with low cost and be applicable to preparation nearly all expressway engine oil.A kind of mode with low cost that provides these polymkeric substance satisfies the specification requirement to passenger vehicle and heavy-duty diesel oil of up-to-date international standard and original equipment manufacturer (OEM).

Also can use some to have the nonpolar hydrogenation olefin copolymer class viscosity modifier of the listed characteristic of similar following table in some embodiments:

Character	Value
		Flash-point, ℃	190
Proportion	0.87
		Viscosity, cSt	825@100℃

LUBRIZOL company (Wickliffe, OH) LUBRIZOL of Sheng Chaning ^TMThe 7075th, preferred olefin copolymer class viscosity modifier.Other olefin copolymer class viscosity modifier comprises LUBRIZOL ^TM7070 series, 7077 ^TMSeries, 7740 ^TMSeries, INFINEUMSV140 ^TM, SV145 ^TM, SV200 ^TM, SV205 ^TM, SV300 ^TM, SV305 ^TM(EXXONMOBIL, TX) and PARATONE ^TM8900 series (CHEVRON, CA).

Ester class viscosity modifier helps to reduce gel index.Use LUBRIZOL ^TM7764 and LUBRIZOL ^TM7785, can pass through under the prerequisite of gel index specification requirement, the exempt quantities of ester class viscosity modifier is about 1.7-2.0% in the prescription, referring to Fig. 1.When using this lower concentration ester class viscosity modifier separately, the viscosity grade that is made up oil is 30 grades of SAE or lower.

Also can use some to have the ester class viscosity modifier of the listed characteristic of similar following table in some embodiments:

Character	Value
		Flash-point, ℃	161
Proportion	0.90
		Viscosity, cSt	20.5@100℃

Because of polarity difference, the solubleness of hydrogenation olefin copolymer class viscosity modifier in vegetables oil is about 4-6%.When independent use hydrogenation olefin copolymer viscosity modifiers, the lubricant of preparation is a viscosity grade SAE30 level oil.

But, be used in combination the machine oil that this two classes viscosity modifier can be produced the wide region viscosity grade.And, when vegetables oil and synthetic ester are used in combination, can produce and satisfy the machine oil that desired viscosity, gel index specification and other bench testing require.The add-on of ester class viscosity index improver is about 0-3%, more preferably from about 0.2-2.5%, 0.5-2% most preferably from about, and the add-on of hydrogenation olefin copolymer class viscosity index improver is about 0-6.0%, more preferably from about 1-5%, 2-4% most preferably from about.

The multipolymer of the amino alkanol ester of hydrogenation polymkeric substance that conventional viscosity index improving agent that other is suitable for or viscosity modifier are olefin copolymer such as polybutene, vinylbenzene and isoprene and/or divinyl and multipolymer and terpolymer, alkyl acrylate alcohol ester or methacrylic acid alkanol ester polymer, methacrylic acid and N-vinyl pyrrolidone or dimethylaminoethyl acrylate methyl.In the time need providing desired range of viscosities, can use them according to known compounding process for processed oil.

In the presence of radical initiator, carry out copolyreaction by vinylbenzene and maleic anhydride, use C afterwards ₄-C ₁₈The ester that the method for alcohol esterification multipolymer obtains also is suitable as the viscosity modified additive.Styrene esters is considered to multi-functional good viscosity modifier usually.Styrene esters is except that having the performance of improving viscosity, or pour point reducer, if stopped esterification before reaction is finished, keeps some unreacted acid anhydrides or hydroxy-acid groups, can present splendid dispersing property.Then with these hydroxy-acid groups by being converted into acid amides with primary amine reaction.The multipolymer (SMA) that vinylbenzene and maleic anhydride copolyreaction generate, its second-order transition temperature is higher than polystyrene and with some functional group chemical reactivity is arranged.Therefore, the SMA polymkeric substance is generally used for blend or matrix material, and maleic anhydride reacts to each other or react the interfacial effect that provides desired in these materials.Some SMA polymkeric substance can (Horsham PA) be purchased, and comprises VISCOPLEX from ROHMAX USA ^TM2-360, VISCOPLEX ^TM2-500, VISCOPLEX ^TM3-540, VISCOPLEX ^TM4-671 and VISCOPLEX ^TM6-054.

A difference of mineral oil and vegetables oil is that the former mainly is a non-polar hydrocarbon, and the latter has polarity ester functional group.Lack special dispersant (DI) bag for the bigger vegetables oil preparation of polarity.Therefore, in the embodiment of prescription, to use traditional DI bag.For making traditional DI wrap in solubilising in the vegetables oil, the APII class of about 10-30% be sneaked in the vegetables oil to III class mineral oil or IV class poly-alpha olefins (PAO) synthetic oil, to reduce polarity.The oil that obtains is clarification and homogeneous.

Adding the dispersant additive-package disperses established insoluble particle and suppresses particulate to form.Particle keep state in small, broken bits so that they can disperse or colloidal suspension in oil.The amount of dispersant additive-package is preferably about 6-18%, more preferably from about 8-16% and 10-14% most preferably from about.

Detergent-dispersant additive has been the polar material of peace and quiet effect.Purification agent comprises metal sulfonate, metal salicylate salt and metal thiophosphate.Dispersion agent comprises polyamines succimide, acrinyl polyamines, polyamines succinic diamide, poly-hydroxy succinate and polyamines acid amides imidazoles.Purification agent normally is used in combination with dispersion agent in crankcase oils.Purification agent can carry out chemistry neutralization to it before oily inner acidic impurity becomes insoluble and oil deterioration, generate and still can be suspended in oil interior neutrality or basic cpd.Lubricating oil generally contains the purification agent of about 2-5wt%.

Suitable ashless dispersant includes but not limited to polyolefin-based or the polyolefin-based succimide of boration, and wherein alkenyl is derived from C ₃-C ₄Alkene, the particularly polyisobutenyl of the about 7000-50000 of number-average molecular weight.Other well-known dispersion agent comprises the polyol ester of oil-soluble hydrocarbon replaced succinate acid anhydride such as polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride, with You Rong oxazoline and Nei Zhi oxazoline dispersion agent derived from hydrocarbon replaced succinate acid anhydride and disubstituted amido alcohol, the back graftomer of ethylene, propylene and reactive monomer such as maleic anhydride, this polymkeric substance can further react with alcohol or alkylene polyamine, carries out post-reacted phenylethylene-maleic anhydride polymkeric substance etc. with alcohol or amine.

Dispersion agent generally comprises hydrocarbon chain and is connected with the amine or the alcohol of polar functionalities.The effect of hydrocarbon " tail " is to make molecule solubilising in lubricant base, and the effect of polar group is the polar impurity that attraction produces because of lubricant deterioration.Dispersion agent forms millions of micellar structures in lubricant base, it contains high polar core and can disperse numerous polar impurities.These impurity are oxidation reaction products, as the precursor and the established paint film/charcoal/mud deposit that form paint film/charcoal/mud.Dispersive impurity can keep " solution " state in base-material, the settling that has generated simultaneously cleans out from metal and surface of elastomer.Precursor that suspends and settling are easy to by strainer commonly used.At last, when these cores were saturated, dispersion agent no longer can pull-up impurity, and oil just must have been changed like this.But before this thing happens, just should change oil usually.

The oxidizing reaction of lubricant is that airborne oxygen and lubricant base are reacted caused chain reaction.The result of oxidizing reaction forms the high molecular oil-soluble polymers.These materials are precipitable to be mud, paint film and colloid.They also can make the viscosity of lubricant rise.The effect of inhibitor is exactly to avoid because of going bad that oxygen attack lubricant is caused.According to oxidation reaction mechanism, the effect of oxidation retarder or destruction free radical (phenols or amine) or decompose hydroperoxide (amine or ZDDP class).The result who does like this is that lubricant can keeping clean property and viscosity, makes its effect of bringing into normal play in drain intervals.

Preferred dispersing agent/inhibitor additive bag is LUBRIZOL company (Wickliffe, OH) the LUBRIZOL 9850U of Sheng Chaning ^TMOr LUBRIZOL 9850 ^TMThe content of DI bag generally is the patent secret, but contains anti-wear agent such as ZDDP (zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate), oxidation inhibitor-phenols or amine antioxidants, purification agent (Mg of sulfonic acid or phenol and/or Ca salt), dispersion agent (polyisobutenyl succimide), corrosion inhibitor, rust-preventive agent, friction improver, defoamer etc. usually.Other dispersant additive-package that is applicable to gasoline and diesel engine oil is ORONITE ^TM(CHEVRON, CA) and INFINEUM ^TM(EXXON-MOBIL, TX).The GF-3DI bag for example comprises OLOA 55007 ^TMWith OLOA 59029 ^TM(CHEVRON, CA), INFINEUM 5063 ^TM, INFINEUM3421 ^TM, INFINEUM 3422 ^TM(EXXON-MOBIL, TX) and LUBRIZOL20000 ^TMWith LUBRIZOL 20000A ^TM(LUBRIZOL, OH).

Also can use dispersant additive-package with the listed characteristic of similar following table:

Character	Value
		Flash-point, ℃	146-167
Proportion	0.96-0.97
		Viscosity, cSt	1350-1400@40℃ 100-125@100℃

Environmental friendly lubricant can further comprise one or more additive, and these additives comprise but are not limited to oxidation inhibitor, pour point reducer, purification agent, dispersion agent, friction improver, rust-preventive agent, corrosion inhibitor and defoamer.

Typical oxidation inhibitor is arylamine, phenol, sulfur-bearing or selenium compound, dithiophosphates, sulfurized polyolefin and tocopherol, the hindered phenol particularly suitable, for example comprise 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol (DBPC), tertiary butylated hydroquinone (TBHQ), cyclohexylphenol and p-phenyl phenol.The example of amine antioxidants comprises phenyl αNai An, alkylated diphenylamine and asym-dipheny hydrazine.The example that is suitable for oxidation inhibitor is zinc dithiophosphate, dithiocarbamic acid metal-salt, phenol sulfide, phenol sulfide metal-salt, salicylic acid metal salt phosphorus sulfurized fatty and alkene, olefine sulfide, sulfurized fatty and fat derivant, sulfuration alkane, sulfuration carboxylic acid, two salicylic aldehydes-1,2-propylene diamine, 2,4-two (alkyl two sulphur)-1,3,4-thia diazole and dilauryl selenium.(Ciba special chemical article company, Tarrytown NY) provide a kind of antioxidant mixture of particularly suitable to IRGANOXL64.The amount of oxidation inhibitor generally is about 0.001-10%.In preferred embodiments, the oxidation inhibitor that adds about 0.01-3.0% in the lubricant.United States Patent (USP) 5451334 and 5773391 further discloses other oxidation inhibitor, and the full content of introducing them as a reference.

Pour point reducer (PPD) reduces the pour point of waxy oil product by the tendency that reduces wax and be gathered into solid matter.Pour point reducer can make the temperature that makes up oil being lower than under the pour point of unmodified lubricant flow.Conventional pour point reducer comprises polymethacrylate, wax alkylated naphthalene polymkeric substance, wax alkylating phenol polymkeric substance and chlorinated polymer.United States Patent (USP) 5451334 and 5413725 further discloses other pour point reducers, and the full content of introducing them as a reference.

The consumption of pour point reducer generally is about 0.01-5wt%, more typical about 0.1-1wt%.The example of pour point reducer commonly used is polymkeric substance and multipolymer, alpha-olefin copolymer, alkylated naphthalene, alpha-olefin and the vinylbenzene of multipolymer, FUMARIC ACID TECH GRADE two nalka alcohol esters and vinyl-acetic ester and/or multipolymer or terpolymer, the styrene maleic acid dialkanol ester copolymer etc. of ring-alkylated styrenes of methacrylic acid nalka alcohol ester and vinylformic acid nalka alcohol ester in the lubricating oil composition.Preferred pour point reducer is that (Horsham PA) locates the ACRYLOID3004 oil additive that obtains, and its commodity are called VISCOPLEX 1-3004 from ROHMAX USA ^TMChemical structure is based on polymethacrylate (PMA).Other available VISCOPLEX series 1 wax modifiers comprises VISCOPLEX 1-6004, VISCOPLEX 1-331 and VISCOPLEX1-600.Also can use VISCOPLEX series 10 as VISCOPLEX 10-130 and VISCOPLEX 10-171.

Suitable metal detergent additive is well-known in the art, can comprise the phenates of one or more high alkalinity oil soluble calcium, magnesium, barium, sulfuration phenates and sulfonate (C particularly ₁₆-C ₅₀Alkyl substituted benzene or toluenesulphonic acids, the about 80-300 of its total basicnumber).These overbased material can be used alone as the metal detergent additive, and perhaps the same additive combination with neutral form uses, but total metal detergent additive should have the expressed alkalescence of aforementioned total basicnumber.The preferably about 3-6wt% of the amount of metal detergent, for high alkalinity phenol red magnesium and neutral sulfurized calcium phenate (by C ₉Or C ₁₂Alkylphenol obtains) mixture

Suitable wear preventive additive is that total carbon number is at least 5 oil soluble dialkyl zinc dithiophosphate, and consumption generally is about 1-6wt%.Other wear preventive additive comprises dithiophosphates, particularly zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, metal sulfonate, metal phenates sulfide, lipid acid, acid phosphoric acid ester and dialkyl succinylsuccinate.Wear preventive additive is adsorbed on the metal, provides a skim to reduce contact between metal-metal.In general, wear preventive additive comprises zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, Tritolyl Phosphate, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate (dodecane ester), sulfuration whale oil, sulfuration terpenes and dialkyl dithio amino formate.

Rust-preventive agent can protect the surface not by corrosion, comprises dialkyl succinylsuccinate class organic acid and derivative thereof, alkylthio acetate and derivative, organic amine, organophosphate, polyhydroxy-alcohol and sodium sulfonate and calcium salt.The very little 0.1-1.0wt% according to appointment of ratio that rust-preventive agent is used, suitable rust-preventive agent for example is C ₉-C ₁₂Aliphatic series Succinic Acid or acid anhydrides are as 12 olefin butyric anhydrides.

Defoamer can reduce or avoid forming stable surfactant foam, and its amount generally is about 0.01-1wt%.Polymethyl siloxane, polymethacrylate, phosphorodithioic acid alkylene ester, vinylformic acid pentyl ester telomer and poly-(2 ethyl hexyl acrylate/ethyl acrylate copolymer) are the non-limiting examples of defoamer.

In addition, mix high or low viscosity mineral oil, can prepare the machine oil of full SAE rate range by in prescription, transferring.The viscosity of automobile engine oil is classified by SAE (automobile engineering association) viscosity grade, represents with numeral as 30,40,50.This numerical value is high more, and then oil is thick more, and the effectiveness of its high-temperature operation is high more.The oil that numerical value is lower is thin oil, can use at cold climate, because they more easily flow, is connected on the wet goods level on the packaging and marks with " W " afterwards.Multi-grade oil 5Wxx, 10Wxx, 20Wxx etc. are applicable to low temperature and two kinds of conditions of high temperature.Special industrial lubricating oil is classified to them by ISO (International Standards Organization) grade.

For preparing the machine oil of wide SAE rate range, in environmental friendly lubricant, add height and low viscosity mineral oil.Accessible SAE level machine oil comprises 0W-30,5W-30,10W-30 and 10W-40.Preferred I class is to V class mineral oil.Preferred example comprises in can be used for filling a prescription:

Table 4: mineral oil

Classification	Example	Yun Dongniandu @40 ℃ (cSt)	Yun Dongniandu @100 ℃ (cSt)	VI
					II	EXCEL?100-HCTM	20.85	4.2	101
II	EXCEL?230-HCTM	42.5	6.4	100
					II	EXCEL?575-HCTM	111	12.3	100
III	Yubase?150NTM	37.9	6.6	129
					III	Yubase?240NTM	47.4	7.7	129
III	CHEVRON?UCBO7RTM	28.2	6.8	137
					III	SHELL?XHVITM	47.3	8.2	148

EXCEL 100-HC ^TM, 230-HC ^TMAnd 575-HC ^TMBe by PENNZOIL-QUAKER STATE COMPANY (Houston, TX) the II class mineral oil of Sheng Chaning.Yubase 150N ^TMAnd 240N ^TMBe by Yukong (Seoul, Korea) the III class mineral oil of Sheng Chaning.CHEVRON UCBO7R ^TMBe the III class mineral oil of producing by CHEVRON.SHELL XHVI ^TMBe the III class mineral oil of producing by shell chemical company.The consumption of mineral oil generally is about 0-40wt%.

The following example is used for illustration embodiment of the present invention, is not otherwise invention described herein and application to be limited.All numerical value all is about value.

Embodiment 1

Table 5A and table 5B provide the prescription and the rerum natura of the lubricant that uses polarity ester class viscosity modifier.Prescription A-C uses a kind of polymethacrylate copolymer LUBRIZOL 7764 ^TM, prescription D-F uses a kind of polymethacrylate copolymer LUBRIZOL 7785 ^TM, they are scattered in the vegetables oil.Dispersant is LUBRIZOL 9850U ^TMPour point reducer is Viscoplex 1-3004 ^TMMineral oil is Yubase 150N ^TMAnd synthetic ester is Emkarate 1130 ^TMVegetables oil is AGRI-PURE 560 ^TM

Table 5A: prescription A-F

Prescription		??A	??B	??C	??D	??E	??F
								Component	Explanation	??Wt％	??Wt％	??Wt％	??Wt％	??Wt％	??Wt％
?Lubrizol?7764 TM	??VII	??1	??1.5	??2	??0	??0	??0
								?Lubrizol?7785 TM	??VII	??0	??0	??0	??1	??2	??3
?Lubrizol?9850U TM	??DI	??12	??12	??12	??12	??12	??12
								?Viscoplex?1-3004 TM	??PPD	??0.1	??0.1	??0.1	??0.1	??0.1	??0.1
?Yubase?150N TM	III class oil	??25	??25	??25	??25	??25	??25
								?Emkarate?1130 TM	Diester	??20	??20	??20	??20	??20	??20
?AGRI-PURE?560 TM	Modified vegetable oil	Surplus	Surplus	Surplus	Surplus	Surplus	Surplus
								Amount to wt%		??100	??100	??100	??100	??100	??100

Table 5B: the character of prescription A-F

Rerum natura	????A	????B	????C	????D	????E	????F
							KV@100℃，cSt	????8.7	????9.32	????10.02	????8.79	????10.25	????11.36
KV@40℃，cSt	????43	????46.3	????49.5	????43.4	????50.8	????64.7
							VI	????187	????190	????195	????187	????195	????171
Gel index	????5.7	????8.2	????10.5	????10	????20.9	????25.7

Comprise LUBRIZOL 7764 ^TMWith LUBRIZOL 7785 ^TMGel index (Gi) at each interior prescription is mapped to the weight fraction of viscosity modifier (VII), is shown in Fig. 1.As can be seen from this figure, as viscosity modifier LUBRIZOL 7764 ^TMAnd LUBRIZOL7785 ^TMAmount when being higher than about 2.2wt% and about 1.2wt% respectively, prescription can not be 12 specification requirement by the gel index of GF-3/API SL to the maximum.The LUBRIZOL 7785 that is less than 2.2wt% when use ^TMThe time, the gel index of prescription passes through, but processed oil is limited in the SAE30 viscosity grade.Similarly, the LUBRIZOL 7764 that is less than 1.2wt% when use ^TMThe time, the index of the gel index 12 of prescription can be passed through, but processed oil is limited in SAE 20 viscosity grades.

Embodiment 2

Use olefin copolymer class viscosity modifier LUBRIZOL7075D ^TMReplace top used polarity ester class viscosity modifier and prepare prescription among the following table 6A.Table 6B provides the rerum natura of these prescriptions.Prescription at room temperature is clarification and homogeneous.But, when wanting to measure the gel index of prescription G and H, find that viscosity modifier separates and sticks on the test pool wall in the chilling treating processes, and formula I is still for clarifying and homogeneous by the ASTMD5133 method.This shows olefin copolymer class viscosity modifier LUBRIZOL7075D ^TMConsumption in prescription will be limited to about 0-6wt%.

Table 6A: prescription G-I

Prescription		????G	????H	????I
					Component	Explanation	????wt％	????wt％	????wt％
Lubrizol?7075D TM	????VII	????6.3	????7.98	????3.94
					Lubrizol?9850U TM	????DI	????12	????12	????12
Viscoplex?1-3004 TM	????PPD	????0.1	????0.1	????0.1
					Excel?100-HC TM	II class oil	????0	????25	????0
Excel?230-HC TM	II class oil	????25	????0	????0
					Excel?575-HC TM	II class oil	????0	????0	????25
Emkarate?1130 TM	Diester	????20	????20	????20
					AGRI-PURE?560 TM	Modified vegetable oil	Surplus	Surplus	Surplus
Amount to wt%		????100	????100	????00

Table 6B: the rerum natura of prescription G-I

Rerum natura	????G	????H	????I
				????KV@100℃，cSt	????10.3	????10.3	????10.3
????KV@40℃，cSt	????54.6	????51.9	????55.9
				????VI	????179	????192	????174
????CCS@-25℃	????2390	????1830	????3270
				????CCS@-30℃	????N/A	????1027	????6060
????MRV?TP-1?@-35℃	????9100	????6600	????14100
				????MRV?YS?@-35℃	????0	????0	????0
Scan-type Brookfield temperature
				????@30,000cp.	????N/A	????N/A	????-31.9℃
????@40,000cp.	????N/A	????N/A	????-34℃
				Gel index	????N/A	????N/A	?????6
Gelling temp, ℃	????N/A	????N/A	????-12°

Formula I is the SAE30 grade-lubricant.The viscosity of formula I can be risen to the SAE40 level by increasing non-biodegradation heavy oil such as Excel575-HC, but this can reduce the biodegradable of prescription.

Embodiment 3

Table 7A representative is comprising III class mineral oil (Yubase 150N ^TMAnd Yubase240N ^TM), (AGRI-PURE 560 for diester and modified vegetable oil ^TM) base oil in be used in combination the mixed oil of ester class and olefin copolymer class viscosity modifier.Table 7B illustrates the rerum natura of oil among the table 7A.The gel index that these prescriptions can pass through GF-3/API SL is less than about 12 specification requirement, and can satisfy other rerum natura requirement of SAE 5W-30 level oil.

Table 7A: prescription J-L

Prescription		????J	????K	????L
					Component	Explanation	????wt％	????wt％	????wt％
?Lubrizol?7785 TM	??VII	????1	????0	????0
					?Lubrizol?7764 TM	??VII	????0	????1.7	????1.7
?Lubrizol?7075D TM	??VII	????3.28	????1.89	????1.4
					?Lubrizol?9850U TM	??DI	????12	????12	????12
?Viscoplex?I-3004 TM	??PPD	????0.1	????0.1	????0.1
					?Yubase?150N TM	III class oil	????25	????25	????0
?Yubase?240N TM	III class oil	????0	????0	????25
					?Emkarate?1130 TM	Diester	????20	????20	????20
?AGRI-PURE?560 TM	Vegetables oil	Surplus	Surplus	Surplus
					Amount to wt%		????100	????100	????100

Table 7B: the rerum natura of prescription J-L

Rerum natura	Test method	??J	??K	??L
					????KV@100℃	D-445	?10.3	?10.5	??10.53
????KV@40℃	D-445	?51.8	?52.9	??53.52
					????VI	D-2270	?193	?194	??191
Pour point, ℃	D-5950	-47℃	-47℃	?-45℃
					????CCS@-30℃	D-5293	?-	?3540
????CCS@-25℃	D-5293	?2050	?2090	??2230
					HTHS viscosity, cP@150 ℃	D-4683	?3.42	?3.37	??3.37
????MRV?TP-1@-35℃	D-4684	?-	?9800	??10400
					????MRV?YS@-35℃	D-4684	?-	?0	??0
????MRV?TP-1@-30℃	D-4684	?3800	?4600	??4800
					????MRV?YS@-30℃	D-4684	?0	?0	??0
Scanning Brookfield temperature	D-5133
					????@30,000cP		-31.5℃	-33.4℃	?-31.4℃
????@40,000cP		-32.6℃	-34.1℃	?-32.2℃
					Gel index	D-5133	?10.4	?10.4	??10.9
Gelling temp, ℃	D-5133	-31℃	-34℃	?-32.2℃
					The NOACK volatility, the wt% loss	D-5800	?N/A	?7.8	??N/A
700 ℃ of %off at (simulation distil)	D-2687	?N/A	?5.1	??N/A

Embodiment 4

Prescription K give one independently test laboratory carry out ASTM D-6335 engine oil thermooxidizing simulation test (TEOST), institute carries out the ASTMD-5864-95 biodegradation test at Belgian BfB oil.The results are shown in table 8.TEOST is used to measure the piston deposit controllability of machine oil.According to the specification requirement of GF-3/API SL, total settling mostly is 45mg most in the TEOST test.According to the test of ASTM D-5964-95 biological degradability, if the carbonic acid gas that discharges is higher than 60% (in 28 days), then material is qualitative is the readily biodegradable material.

Table 8: prescription K

Test	Testing method	????K
			TEOST, total settling	????D-6335	????11.6mg
Biological degradability	????D5864-95	????62％

Embodiment 5

For reducing the cost of lubricant, the replaceable one-tenth of III class mineral oil II class mineral oil among the embodiment 3 such as Excel HC or Exxon HC (hydrocracking) oil.In the shown prescription of table 9A, be used alone or in combination the II class mineral oil of different viscosity grade, make the machine oil of wide range of viscosities.Table 9B illustrates the rerum natura of these prescriptions.Being oxidation reinforced stability, can (be IrganoxL-64 with other oxidation inhibitor ^TM) join in the prescription, as illustrated in prescription Q.Among the prescription R with the multifunction additive NAUGALUBE MOLYFM 2543 of a kind of friction improver, anti-wear agent and oxidation inhibitor ^TM(Crompton company, Middlebury CT) come substitute I rganox L-64 ^TM

Table 9A: prescription M-R

Prescription		??M	??N	??O	??P	??Q	??R
								The SAE grade		??0W-30	??5W-30	??10W-30	??10W40	??10W-40	??10W-30
Component	Explanation	??wt％	??wt％	??wt％	??wt％	??wt％	??wt％
								??DI，Lz9850U	??DI	??12	??12	??12	??12	??12	??12
??Viscoplex?1-3004	??PPD	??0.1	??0.1	??0.1	??0.1	??0.1	??0.1
								??Lz7764	??VII	??1.7	??12	??1.1	??1.7	??1.7	??0
??Lz7075D	??VII	??33	??15	??0	??33	??33	??33
								??Excel?100-HC	II class oil	??25	??10	??0	??0	??0	??25
??Excel?575-HC	II class oil	??0	??20	??30	??30	??29.5	??0
								??Irganox?L-64	Oxidation inhibitor	??-	??-	??-	??-	??0.5	??-
??Emkarate1130	Diester	??20	??20	??20	??20	??20	??20
								??Naugalube ??MolyFM2543	Friction improver oxidation inhibitor	??-	??-	??-	??-	??-	??0.5
??Cargill?AP-560	Modified vegetable oil	Surplus	Surplus	Surplus	Surplus	Surplus	Surplus
								Amount to wt%		??100	??100	??100	??100	??100	??100

Table 9B: the rerum natura of prescription M-R

Rerum natura	??M	??N	??O	??P	??Q	??R
							The SAE grade	??0W-30	??5W-30	??10W-30	??10W-40	??10W-40	??10W-30
????KV@100℃	??10.03	??10.15	??10.28	??13.42	??135	??9.9
							????KV@40℃	??49.3	??54.8	??57.8	??77.7	??78.8	??55.6
????VI	??196	??176	??168	??177	??176	??165
							Pour point, ℃	??-45	??-51	??-33	??-45	??＜-50	??＜-54
????CCS@-30℃	??3220	??-	??-	??-	??-	??-
							????CCS@-25℃	??-	??2860	??-	??-	??4260	??3550
????CCS@-20℃	??-	??-	??2160	??2330	??2510	??2020
							HTHS viscosity, cP@150 ℃	??3.27	??3.37	??3.43	??4	??4.08	??3.4
????MRVTP-1@-40℃	??17600	??-	??-	??-	??-	??-
							????MRVYS@-40℃	??0	??-	??-	??-	??-	??-
????MRVTP-1@-35℃	??-	??14000	??-	??-	??-	??17800
							????MRVYS@-35℃	??-	??0	??-	??-	??-	??0
????MRVTP-1@-30℃	??-	??-	??7600	??11300	??10000	??-
							????MRVYS@-30℃	??-	??-	??0	??0	??0	??-
Scanning Brookfield temperature
							????@30,000cP	??-33.8℃	??-31.7℃	??-33.2℃	??-27.7℃	??-30.5℃	??-28.7℃
????@40,000cP	??-35.1℃	??-32.4℃	??-36.5℃	??-29.4℃	??-31.4℃	??-30.4℃
							Gel index	??9.4	??8.4	??7.8	??73	??8.4	??6.2
Gelling temp, ℃	??-34	??-33	??-25	??-7	??-32	??-10
							The NOACK volatility, the wt% loss	??12.8	??9.29	??6.66	??7.2	??72	??8.2
700 ℃ of %off at (simulation distil)	??9.8	??4.7	??3.1	??3.7	??6.1	??5.1

Embodiment 6

Prescription Q submits to PerkinElmer automotive research laboratory, and (San Antonio Tx) carries out high temperature TEOST MHT-4 machine oil thermooxidizing simulation test, homogeneity and compatibility (H﹠amp; M) test, spumescence program I, II and III test, high temperature foam test, EOFT (test of machine oil filtrability) and EOWTT (machine oil filtrability/water tolerance test).At H﹠amp; In the M test, tested oil will be all even miscible when mixing with the SAE reference oil.Table 10 has been listed test-results.According to ASTM D4485-99b, this oil satisfies the bench testing of APISL minimum performance standards.

Table 10: prescription Q

The test explanation	Test method	Test-results	The GF-3 limit value
				H﹠M (homogeneity and compatibility) test	FTM-3470.1	Do not have and separate	Do not have and separate
????TEOST?MHT4，	D6335M	??/	??/
				Total settling (bar+strainer)		??21.6mg	45mg (the highest)
Foam test GF-3	D892	??/	??/
				Program I, foaming/sedimentation		??0/0	10 the highest/0
Program II, foaming/sedimentation		??0/0	50 the highest/0
				Program III, foaming/sedimentation		??0/0	10 the highest/0
The high temperature foam test	D6082	??/	??/
				Foam proneness		??20ml	100ml (the highest)
Froth stability		??0ml	??0
				EOFT (test of machine oil filtrability),	GM9099P	??/	??/
The % flow reduces		??24.82	50 (the highest)
				EOWTT (machine oil filtrability/water tolerance test)	GM9099P	??/	??/
Contain 0.6% water		??19.69	50 (the highest)
				Contain 1.0% water		??15.53	50 (the highest)
Contain 2.0% water		??17.05	50 (the highest)
				Contain 3.0% water		??12.36	50 (the highest)
Gel index	D5133	??8.4	12 (the highest)

Embodiment 7

Adopt improved ASTM program VIB fuel economy test method, an installation

In the Ford V-8 4.6L engine on dynamometer machine prescription R is tested.

1. the existing oil of engine is discharged, 6 quarts test oil are moved 10 minutes with a new strainer.

2. with the engine emptying, a new strainer is installed and is added 6 quarts of test oil again.

3. starting engine begins aging working cycle after 10 seconds.

4. aging working cycle is designed to simulator program VI B weathering process, adopt following parameters: 1500rpm, at 71.4 feet. the moment of torsion (load) of pound moves 7320 seconds down, at 18.9 feet. operation is 1920 seconds under the moment of torsion of pound, at 71.4 feet. operation 100 seconds (total digestion time 9340 seconds) under the moment of torsion of pound, 212 of coolant temperatures, 220 of oil temperature.

5. after aging circulation is finished, carried out the expressway circulation experiment in 5 minutes afterwards with the zero load accurate idle running of the rotating speed of 600rpm.

6. behind the circulation experiment of expressway, began the urban road circulation experiment in 5 minutes afterwards with the zero load accurate idle running of the rotating speed of 600rpm.

7. after the urban road circulation experiment, cut off engine, test oil is discharged, simultaneously sampling.The coolant water temperature of day-to-day test (4000 gallons of engine water tanks) remains on 83 °F.Begin every day to note vapour pressure, fuel proportion and relative humidity and import dynamometer machine before the testing sequence.

The expressway circulation experiment is made of working cyclees in 300 seconds of a following sequencing design: minimum speed rpm:850, maximum speed rpm:1840, load change: 5-28 foot. pound.The urban road circulation experiment is made of 504 seconds slow speed of revolution duty cycle processes of a following sequencing design: minimum speed rpm:560, maximum speed rpm:1320, load change: 0-40 foot. pound.Opening entry discharges reading and writes down each process in whole process when each program experiment starts.

Experimental result shows that with reference oil and commercial 10W-30 oil phase ratio, quantity discharged, particularly the hydrocarbon exhausted air quantity of R prescription reduce, and be as shown in table 11:

Table 11: prescription R

Urban road	Hydrocarbon, ppm	????CO％	????CO 2％	????O 2％
					Reference oil	??590	????0.90	????12.91	????1.71
Commercial 10W30	??308	????1.20	????12.89	????1.50
					Prescription R	??162	????1.10	????13.65	????1.52
The expressway
					Reference oil	??141	????1.10	????13.22	????1.14
Commercial 10W30	??207	????1.00	????13.21	????1.18
					Prescription R	??93	????1.20	????13.90	????1.16
4 hours aging
					Reference oil	??117	????0.90	????13.40	????0.94
Commercial 10W30	??238	????0.83	????13.28	????1.13
					Prescription R	??111	????0.86	????14.08	????1.09

Embodiment 8

Table 12 is represented the lubricating oil of a SAE rate range, is comprising II class mineral mixed oil (Excel 100HC ^TMWith Excel 575HC ^TM), (AGRI-PURE 560 for diester and CARGILL modified vegetable oil ^TM) base oil in be used in combination the ester class and olefin copolymer class viscosity modifier is formulated.The dispersant additive-package is Oloa55007, and pour point reducer is Viscoplex 1-3004.Table 12B has listed the rerum natura of oil among the table 12A.These prescriptions can be by API SL gel index less than 12 specification requirement, also satisfied other character that is equivalent to the SAE grade.

Table 12A: prescription S-V

Prescription		????S	??T	??U	??V
						The SAE grade		????0W-30	??5W-30	??10W-30	??10W-40
Component	Explanation	????wt％	??wt％	??wt％	??wt％
						?Lz?7764	?VII	????1.70	??1.70	??1.00	??1.70
?Lz?7075F	?VII	????3.50	??3.50	??2.40	??3.80
						?Excel?100-HC	II class oil	????20.00	??15.00	??0.00	??0.00
?Excel?575-HC	II class oil	????0.00	??5.00	??30.00	??29.00
						?Cargill?AP560	Modified vegetable oil	????45.54	??45.54	??37.34	??36.24
?Emkarate?1130	Diester	????20.00	??20.00	??20.00	??20.00
						?Oloa?55007	?DI	????9.16	??9.16	??9.16	??9.16
?Viscoplex?1-3004	?PPD	????0.10	??0.10	??0.10	??0.10
						Amount to wt%		????100.0％	??100.0％	??100.0％	??100.0％

Table 12B: the rerum natura of prescription S-V

Rerum natura	???S	????T	????U	????V.
					The SAE grade	???0W-30	???5W-30	???10W-30	???10W-40
?KV?100℃，cSt	???9.62	???10.0	???10.9	???13.1
					?KV?40℃，cSt	???43.3	???46.1	???61.4	???72.9
?VI	???215.8	???211.6	???171	???181
					?CCS-35℃，cP	???5420	???6541	???-	???-
?CCS-30℃，cP	???3013	???3290	???6650	???6734
					?CCS-25℃，cP	???-	???-	???3530	???3650
Scanning Brookfield temperature.
					?@30000cP	??-34.9℃	??-34.5℃	??-30.5℃	??-30.7℃
?@40000cP	??-36.5℃	??-35.9℃	??-31.7℃	??-31.4℃
					Gel index	???10.4	???9.6	???5.8	???8.9
Gelling temp	??-34℃	??-34℃	??-33℃	??-32℃

Embodiment 9

Table 13 is represented the lubricating oil of some SAE rate ranges, is comprising II class mineral mixed oil (Excel 100HC ^TMWith Excel 575HC ^TM), (AGRI-PURE 560 for diester and modified vegetable oil ^TM) base oil in be used in combination the ester class and olefin copolymer class viscosity modifier is formulated.The dispersant additive-package is Lubrizol 20000, and pour point reducer is Viscoplex 1-3004.Table 13B has listed the rerum natura of oil among the table 13A.

Table 13A: prescription W-Z

Prescription		??W	??X	??Y	??Z
						The SAE grade		??0W-30	??5W-30	??10W-30	??10W-40
Component	Explanation	??wt％	??wt％	??wt％	??wt％
						??Lz7764	??VII	??2.60	??1.40	??1.00	??1.60
??Lz7075F	??VII	??1.40	??1.40	??1.00	??2.50
						??Excel?100-HC	II class oil	??25.00	??5.00	??0.00	??0.00
??Excel?575-HC	II class oil	??2.00	??20.00	??30.00	??30.00
						??Cargill?AP560	Modified vegetable oil	??36.90	??40.10	??35.90	??33.80
??Emkarate?1130	Diester	??20.00	??20.00	??20.00	??20.00
						??Lubrizol?20000	??DI	??12.00	??12.00	??12.00	??12.00
??Viscoplex?1-3004	??PPD	??0.10	??0.10	??0.10	??0.10
						Amount to wt%		??100.0％	??100.0％	??100.0％	??100.0％

Table 13B: the rerum natura of prescription W-Z

Rerum natura	??W	??X	??Y	??Z
					The SAE grade	??0W-30	??5W-30	??10W-30	??10W-40
KV?100℃，cSt	??11.1	??10.9	??11.2	??13.2
					KV?40℃，cSt	??51.9	??58.69	??61.7	??75.2
VI	??212	??182	??176	??179
					CCS-35℃，cP	??5671	??10390	??-	??-
CCS-30℃，cP	??-	??5160	??6650	??6734
					CCS-25℃，cP	??-	??-	??3530	??3650

Embodiment 10

Table 14 is represented the lubricant formula of a 5W-30SAE grade, is comprising II class mineral mixed oil (Excel 100HC ^TMWith Excel 575HC ^TM), (AGRI-PURE 560 for diester and modified vegetable oil ^TM) base oil in be used in combination the ester class and olefin copolymer class viscosity modifier is formulated.The dispersant additive-package is Lubrizol 20000, and pour point reducer is Viscoplex 1-3004.For strengthening the property, added other oxidation inhibitor, this prescription is by all API SL bench testing requirements.Table 14 has also been listed the rerum natura of this prescription.

Table 14: prescription and the rerum natura of prescription AA

Prescription		????AA
			The SAE grade		????5W-30
Component	Explanation	????wt％
			????Lz7764	????VII	????1.30
????Lz7075F	????VII	????1.2
			????Excel??100-HC	II class oil	????5
????Excel??575-HC	II class oil	????19
			????Cargill?AP560	Modified vegetable oil	????40.40
????Emkarate?1130	Diester	????20.0
			????Lubrizol?20000A	????DI	????12.00
????Viscoplex?1-3004	????PPD	????0.1
			????Irganox?L-64	Oxidation inhibitor	????1.0
Amount to wt%		????100.00％
Rerum natura
			Yun Dongniandu @100 ℃		????10.94cSt
????@40℃		????59.09cSt
			????VI		????180
????CCS-35℃		????12160cP
			????CCS-30℃		????6180cP
????TBS@150℃		????3.5
			The Brookfield temperature
????@30000cP		????-31.2℃
			????@40000cP		????-32℃
Gel index		????8.3
			Gelling temp		????-32℃
????MRV?TP-1@-35℃		????15900cP
			????MRV?YS@-35℃		????0
Pour point		????＜-52℃

Embodiment 11

Prescription AA submits to PerkinElmer automotive research laboratory, and (San Antonio TX) carries out high temperature TEOST MHT-4 machine oil thermooxidizing simulation test, homogeneity and compatibility (H﹠amp; M) test, spumescence program I, II and III test, high temperature foam test, EOFT (test of machine oil filtrability) and EOWTT (machine oil filtrability/water tolerance test), gel index, NOACK volatility, volatilization loss, phosphorus and ball corrosion test.At H﹠amp; In the M test, tested oil will be all even miscible when mixing with the SAE reference oil.Table 15 illustrates the result.According to ASTM D4485-99b, this oil satisfies the bench testing of ILSAC GF-3/API SL minimum performance standards and passes through all API SL bench testing requirements.

Table 15: prescription AA

The test explanation	Test method	Test-results	The GF-3/APISL limit value
				H﹠M (homogeneity and compatibility) test	??FTM-3470.1	Do not have and separate	Do not have and separate
???TEOSTMHT4，	??D6335M	??/	????/
				Total settling (bar+strainer)		??20.6mg	45mg (the highest)
Foam test GF-3	??D892	??/	????/
				Program I, foaming/sedimentation		??0/0	10 the highest/0
Program II, foaming/sedimentation		??5/0	50 the highest/0
				Program III, foaming/sedimentation		??0/0	10 the highest/0
The high temperature foam test	??D6082	??/	????/
				Foam proneness		??20	100ml (the highest)
Froth stability		??0	????0
				EOFT (test of machine oil filtrability),	??GM9099P	??/	????/
The % flow reduces		??15.07	50 (the highest)
				EOWTT (machine oil filtrability/water tolerance test)	??GM9099P	??/	????/
Contain 0.6% water	???????????22.12		50 (the highest)
				Contain 1.0% water	???????????12.17		50 (the highest)
Contain 2.0% water	???????????13.9		50 (the highest)
				Contain 3.0% water	???????????15.63		50 (the highest)
Gel index	????????D5133???8.3		12 (the highest)
				NOACK, volatility wt% loss	????????D972????7.11		15 is the highest
Volatilization loss under 371	????????D6417???3.20％		10% is the highest
				Phosphorus, wt%	????????D4951???0.093		0.1% is the highest
The ball corrosion test, average gray value	????????D6557??134		100 is minimum

Prescription AA also sends to and carries out ASTM program IIIF testing of engine.Program IIIF test is the lubricant test that ignition type engine carries out on dynamometer machine, is used for estimating some high-temperature operation performance of automobile engine oil, comprises oily thickening, mud and paint film deposition, oil consumption and engine scuffing situation.Program IIIF tests with 1996 type Buick, 3800 serial 2 water-cooled four-cycle V6 engines as testing installation.The engine of program IIIF test is overhead valve design (OHV), operates intake valve and vent valve with a single cam simultaneously by the tappet and the hydraulicvalve of slip-driven arrangement.The every stroke of engine uses an intake valve and a vent valve.By the fuel injection system material feeding of an improvement GM opening for feed, setting air/fuel oil ratio is 15: 1.To the test engine thorough overhaul, duration of test is measured the critical engine capacity, estimates or measure each parts (piston, cam, tappet rod for valve etc.) before each test.Program IIIF test was by 10 minutes rolling inspection sections, and 80 hours power operation sections of appropriateness high speed, load and temperature condition constitute afterwards.Take out the oil sample of per 10 little periods of back and 10 minutes rolling inspection sections from engine.The viscosity of the kinematic viscosity of 10 hours section samples and 10 minutes rolling inspection section oil samples is compared to determine the viscosity increment of test oil.

Program IIIF test is what to operate under the testing condition of table 16, and each test lasts 80 hours.Table 17 has been listed test-results.According to ASTM program IIIF testing of engine, this oil can satisfy the bench testing of ILSAC GF-3/API SL minimum performance standards and pass through all API SL bench testing requirements.

The test mode of table 16: program IIIF test

Parameter	Set(ting)value
		Motor speed	????3600r/min
Engine load	????200N-m
		Oil strainer stops up temperature.	????155℃
The cooling liquid outlet temperature	????122℃
		Fuel pressure	????365kPa
The intake air temperature	????27℃
		Intake air pressure	????0.05kPa
The intake air dew point	????16.1℃
		Exhaust back pressure	????6kPa
The engine cool flow quantity	????160L/min
		The scavenge trunk coolant rate	????10L/min
The machine oil coolant flow	????12L/min
		The air/fuel ratio	????15.0∶1
Scavenge trunk cooling liquid outlet temperature	????40℃

Table 17: prescription AA

The test explanation	Test-results	GF-3/API SL limit value
			Viscosity increment (40 ℃ of KV)	?156.10％	275% is the highest
The scoring of weighting piston skirt	????9.59	9.0 it is minimum
			The scoring of weighting piston deposit	????6.19	4.0 it is minimum
??Hot?Struck?Piston?Rings	????0	Do not allow
			Cam adds the tappet wearing and tearing, and is average, gram	????16.7	20 is the highest
Oil consumption L	????1.83	5.2 it is the highest
			?Number?of?Cold?Struck?Rings	????0	????N.R.
Average oil ring stops up %	????0	????N.R.

Embodiment 12

For reducing the lubricant cost, use the lower diester Esterex A41 of price.Table 18 is listed the representative formula of 5W-30 SAE level.Use the low price diester also to be easy to make the oil of other grade.Other low price diester comprises Esterex NP 451 and NP 471.Table 18 also shows the rerum natura of this prescription.

Table 18: prescription and the rerum natura of prescription AB

Prescription		????AB
			The SAE grade		????5W-30
Component	Explanation	????wt％
			????Lz?7764	????VII	????1.30
????Lz?7075F	????VII	????1.3
			????Excel?575-HC	II class oil	????25
????Cargill?AP560	Modified vegetable oil	????40.30
			????Esterex?A41	Diester	????20.0
????Lubrizol?20000	????DI	????12.00
			????Viscoplex?1-3004	????PPD	????0.1
Amount to wt%		????100.00％
Rerum natura
			Yun Dongniandu @100 ℃		????10.5cSt
????@40℃		????56.1cSt
			????VI		????179
????CCS-35℃		????5210
			????CCS-30℃		????10270
????TBSa?150℃		????3.32
			The Brookfield temperature
????@30000cP		????-30.3℃
			????@40000cP		????-31.4℃
Gel index		????8.1
			Gelling temp		????-32℃
????MRV?TP-1@-35℃		????15000cP
			????MRV?YS@-35℃		????0
Pour point		????＜-50℃
			NOACK, the wt% vector		????8.6

As implied above, embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of can satisfy API SL bench testing requirement and by ASTM D-5864-95 biological degradability test method 60% biodegradable environmental friendly lubricant of total amount at least.Other characteristic that embodiment of the present invention provided and advantage are that those skilled in the art are conspicuous.

Although described the present invention with some limited embodiments, the characteristics of a certain embodiment can not be returned and are added in another embodiment.Single embodiment can not be represented all aspects of the present invention.In certain embodiments, composition may comprise NM component of some this paper and/or characteristic.In other embodiments, do not comprise or do not contain substantially one or more component cited herein and/or characteristic in the composition.Described embodiment can change or improve.For example, environmental friendly lubricant need not be the mixture of composition mentioned above, and it can comprise each component of any amount, as long as can satisfy the desired character of environmental friendly lubricant.What should note a bit is that the environmental friendly lubricant composition is not limited to be used for the car lubricant.The occasion use that it can in officely be what is the need for and want environmental friendly lubricant is as truck, lorry, motorbus etc.What should note a bit is, the method for the friendly lubricant compositions of described preparation and environment for use relates to some steps, and these steps can be carried out by any order in actually operating.One or more step can be omitted or merge, but still can obtain identical result substantially.The appending claims desire covers all these and belongs to the scope of the invention interior change and improvement.

Claims (22)

1. environmental friendly lubricant comprises:

A) triglyceride oil of transesterify; With

B) be different from first ester of triglyceride oil;

Wherein the biodegradable and gel index of environmental friendly lubricant at least 60% is less than about 12.

2. method for preparing environmental friendly lubricant, method comprises:

The transesterify triglyceride oil is mixed with first ester,

Wherein the biodegradable and gel index of environmental friendly lubricant at least 60% is less than about 12.

3. in the claim 1 or 2, environmental friendly lubricant further comprises:

C) a kind of second ester as the polarity viscosity index improver; With

D) a kind of hydrogenation multipolymer as nonpolar viscosity index improver,

Wherein second ester is different from first ester and triglyceride oil.

4. the environmental friendly lubricant of claim 3 further comprises:

E) dispersant; With

F) at least a additive.

5. the environmental friendly lubricant of claim 3, wherein the hydrogenation olefin copolymer is the propylene-ethylene viscosity index improver of hydrogenation.

6. in the claim 1 or 2, the amount of transesterify triglyceride oil is about 30-85wt%.

7. in the claim 1 or 2, the amount of first ester is about 10-30wt%.

8. the environmental friendly lubricant of claim 3, wherein the amount of second ester is about 0.1-3wt%.

9. the environmental friendly lubricant of claim 3, wherein the amount of hydrogenation olefin copolymer is about 0.1-6wt%.

10. the environmental friendly lubricant of claim 4, wherein the amount of dispersant is about 8-14wt%.

11. the environmental friendly lubricant of claim 4, wherein at least a additive is pour point reducer, oxidation inhibitor, friction improver, rust-preventive agent, corrosion inhibitor, defoamer and array configuration thereof, and consumption is about 0.1-5wt%.

12. the environmental friendly lubricant of claim 3 further comprises mineral oil or synthetic oil.

13. the environmental friendly lubricant of claim 12, the amount of its mineral oil in fluid or synthetic oil is about 0.1-30wt%.

14. in claim 1 or 2, the transesterify triglyceride oil is the mixture of glycerol type polyol ester and non-glycerol type polyol ester.

15. in claim 1 or 2, the transesterify triglyceride oil comprises the glycerol type polyol ester, but does not have non-glycerol type polyol ester.

16. in claim 1 or 2, the transesterify triglyceride oil comprises non-glycerol type polyol ester, but does not have the glycerol type polyol ester.

17. in claim 1 or 2, the transesterify triglyceride oil is carried out transesterification reaction by vegetables oil and a kind of short-chain aliphatic ester and is obtained.

18. in claim 1 or 2, the transesterify triglyceride oil is carried out transesterification reaction by vegetables oil and a kind of polyol ester and is obtained.

19. in claim 1 or 2, first ester is a diester.

20. in claim 1 or 2, first ester is a tribasic ester.

21. in claim 1 or 2, first ester is a polyol ester.

22. in claim 1 or 2, environmental friendly lubricant is a kind of automobile engine oil.