CN1566220A - Perlite tailing composition and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Perlite tailing composition and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1566220A CN1566220A CN 03142650 CN03142650A CN1566220A CN 1566220 A CN1566220 A CN 1566220A CN 03142650 CN03142650 CN 03142650 CN 03142650 A CN03142650 A CN 03142650A CN 1566220 A CN1566220 A CN 1566220A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- perlite
- composition
- granularity
- mineral
- pellet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a mineral composition, in particular a perlite tailing composition, and a preparation method and application thereof. The composition is prepared by using perlite tailing powder with the particle size of less than 250 mu m as a raw material through the technologies of coarse crushing, controlled classification, ultrafine crushing and powder surface modification. The prepared perlite polishing abrasive product has the grain material content of less than 150 mu m of grain diameter reaching 100 percent, has the grain diameter content of less than 44 mu m of grain diameter being less than 10 percent, and can be used for polishing glass shells of televisions, computer display screens and other glass instruments; the obtained perlite mineral filler can also be used for filling PVC plastics and chloroprene cable sheath rubber.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mineral composition and its production and application, relate in particular to a kind of perlite tailing composition and method of making the same and application.
Background technology
China's perlite processing industry present situation is, most enterprises take product as the leading factor with crude pearlite, inflatable pearl rock sand and pearlstone, and perlitic utilization is confined to the above ore in sand form of 250 μ m, and all the other fine ores abandon as mine tailing.There is the super-huge multiple nonmetal mining area of Asia maximum, the second in the world in China.Through the geological prospecting for many years of National Geology department, verify the nonmetalliferous ore total reserves up to 7.36 hundred million tons, wherein industrial reserves such as perlite, wilkinite, zeolite, tuff are big, and quality good had won fame both at home and abroad.Though this nonmetalliferous ore has been developed for many years, resource does not obtain fully rationally utilizing.
With the perlite is example: the perlite proven reserve are 1.23 hundred million tons, account for more than 70% of China's perlite industrial reserves.In the tame perlite processing enterprise of this mining area more than 200, mostly take product as the leading factor with crude pearlite, inflatable sand and pearlstone.Perlitic utilization is confined to the above ore in sand form of 250 μ m, and all the other fine ores abandon as mine tailing.In the ore in sand form production process, 30%～40% produce less than 250 μ m perlite tailings arranged, with 2000 was example, greater than 250 μ m perlite ore annual production is 500,000 tons, and less than 250 μ m perlite fine ores up to more than 200,000 tons, not only seriously cause the wasting of resources, and become the secondary pollution source again.
Fig. 1 is a nonmetalliferous ore perlite ore preparation method schema.
The abrasive product of domestic comparative maturity has silicon carbide, white fused alumina, and their hardness height, wear resistance are good, but the price height; The cerium oxide pliability is good, and wear resistance is good, but costs an arm and a leg.Their application all has been subjected to certain restriction.In recent years, a kind of non-metallic minerals that adopts is the abrasive material that raw material is handled through deep processing, generally used abroad, and this class abrasive material abundant raw material, hardness is moderate, and price is low.Fill up some deficiency of abrasive material family, opened up the range of application of abrasive material.The perlite polish abrasive is mainly used in the polishing of televisor glass bulb, computer display screen, opticglass instrument and glasswork ornaments, the perlite polish abrasive has strict size-grade distribution to require and specific gravity range, present most widely used perlite polish abrasive is 100#, be to be raw material with crude pearlite greater than 250 μ m, proportion is 2.2～2.4, and hardness is 5～6.
Therefore, with the perlite tailing less than 250 μ m be raw material make to be used for the non-metallic products that polish abrasive and filler use still blank.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of mineral composition and its production and application, a kind of perlite tailing composition and method of making the same and application especially are provided, filled up is the blank that raw material is made polish abrasive and filler product with the perlite tailing less than 250 μ m at present, effectively utilize Mineral resources, improved the performance of product.
The present invention is exactly at industry Situation, by dark preparation method such as perlite tailing powder preparing, powder surface modification, opens up one for the comprehensive utilization perlite tailing and effectively utilizes approach.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of perlite mineral composition mainly contains perlite tailing, and described perlite tailing mainly contains SiO
2, Al
2O
3, described composition granularity is below the 150 μ m; Described pearl mine tailing is a powder, and described powder contains SiO
271 ± 1%, Al
2O
312 ± 1%.Can be the powder that the perlite processing industry abandons, come the constant perlite tailing, belong to high-quality resource equally with chemical ingredients;
Described composition granularity is below the 44 μ m; Described composition granularity can be below the 20 μ m;
Described composition size-grade distribution per-cent be particle diameter 44-150 μ m account for 90～100%, what particle diameter 44 μ m were following accounts for 0～10%.
The preparation method of a kind of perlite mineral composition of the present invention may further comprise the steps: select the perlite tailing less than 250 μ m for use, its corase grind is pulverized, air classification then, mineral aggregate surface modification.
Described preparation method; Further comprising the steps of: it is that perlite tailing is pulverized that described corase grind is pulverized, and tentatively sieves the following pellet of collection cut size 150 μ m; Described air classification is meant the dry type erratic current air classification, and this staging is described corase grind to be pulverized this material below the gained particle diameter 150 μ m of back be further divided into less than 44 μ m with greater than two kinds of granularity ranks of 44 μ m;
Make the pellet of described air classification gained granularity less than 44 μ m, enter and distribute in the storage bin, in this pellet is 100 weight parts, add titanic acid ester combination coupling agent 0.8-1.0 weight part and tensio-active agent lipid acid 0.8-1.0 weight part and carry out surface modification treatment, described surface modification reaction temperature is 120 ℃～140 ℃, gets mainly to contain SiO
2, Al
2O
3, granularity is the following described mineral compositions of 44 μ m;
Or, with the pellet of described air classification gained granularity less than 44 μ m, through airflow milling superfine grinding to 2.5～10 μ m granularities, in this pellet is 100 weight parts, add titanic acid ester combination coupling agent 0.8-1.0 weight part or silane coupling agent 0.8-1.0 weight part, carry out surface modification treatment with high-speed mixer, described processing reaction temperature is 90～100 ℃, gets mainly to contain SiO
2, Al
2O
3, granularity is the following described mineral compositions of 20 μ m; Described surface modification equipment is high-speed mixer, especially is GH-10DY type high-speed mixer, and interim test is a GH-200DY type high-speed mixer, and rotating speed can be 900～1000 rev/mins;
With the pellet of described air classification gained granularity greater than 44 μ m, sieve, again by particle diameter 44-150 μ m account for 90～100%, particle diameter 44 μ m are following accounts for 0～10% ratio allotment, makes mainly to contain SiO
2, Al
2O
3, mineral composition with above-mentioned size-grade distribution.
Described preparation of compositions method, further comprising the steps of: that the pellet greater than 150 μ m after the described screening is returned above-mentioned coarse reduction, air classification and later step.
Described corase grind disintegrating apparatus is the Raymond mill Roughpulverizer, especially is modified version 4R-3216 Raymond mill; Described air classification equipment especially is dry type FJJ-III type air classifier.
The present invention also provides and mainly contains SiO
2, Al
2O
3, granularity is the following application of described mineral composition aspect the PVC plastics of 44 μ m, described mineral composition is used as the filled PVC plastic filler; Described filler and PVC plastic filler ratio are 2: 5.
The present invention also provides and mainly contains SiO
2, Al
2O
3, granularity is the following application of described mineral composition aspect the cable sheath sizing material of 20 μ m, described mineral composition is used as cable sheath sizing material stopping composition; Use especially for filler reinforcement neoprene cable sheath sizing material.
The present invention also provides and mainly contains SiO
2, Al
2O
3, particle diameter 44-150 μ m accounts for 90～100%, particle diameter 44 μ m are following accounts for 0～10% the application of mineral composition aspect televisor glass bulb, computer display screen, opticglass instrument and the polishing of glasswork ornaments, with described composition as polish abrasive.
For reaching the more high-grade demands of macromolecular material industry such as satisfying rubber, plastics, paint and tackiness agent, for making perlite powder better carry out the interface combination with relevant organic polymer, to reach filler reinforcement and to improve the purpose of goods physical and mechanical properties, during the mineral composition of the present invention below prepared sizes are 44 μ m, adopt titanate coupling agent and tensio-active agent, the fine fraction intermediates are carried out the micro mist surface modification treatment;
During mineral composition below prepared sizes are 20 μ m, superfine powder is carried out the surface modification deep processing, through the airflow milling superfine grinding, surface modification is to adopt titanate coupling agent or silane coupling agent that the perlite superfine powder is carried out surface treatment again; Especially adopting titanate coupling agent is monoalkoxy unsaturated fatty acids acid type, and described monoalkoxy unsaturated fatty acids acid type titanate coupling agent chemical molecular formula is:
Adopt silane coupling agent to carry out surface modification treatment, the processing reaction temperature is 90～100 ℃.
The present invention has the following advantages and effect:
1, the invention discloses a kind of perlite tailing composition and comprehensive utilization deep processing novel method and application.This method is raw material with the perlite tailing, adopts selectivity coarse reduction, controlling classification, superfine grinding and powder surface modification technology, has utilized perlite tailing rationally and effectively.The perlite polish abrasive product that is obtained is zero greater than 150 μ m grain size contents, less than 10%, can satisfy the polishing of televisor glass bulb, computer display screen and other glassware less than 44 μ m grain size contents fully.The perlite mineral filler that is obtained is used for filled PVC plastics and neoprene cable sheath sizing material, and product properties meets or exceeds GB3830-83 and GB7594.7-87 standard.
2, The present invention be directed to China's perlite industry Situation,, opened up one for the comprehensive utilization perlite tailing and effectively utilized approach by described Technology.The present invention has that technology is simple, flow process is stable, added value of product is high, construction cost is low, be easy to realize industrialization, help characteristics such as environment protection and resource utilization fully rationally.
3, surface modified product of the present invention, promptly granularity is the following perlite mineral filler activity index of 150 μ m greater than the following perlite mineral filler activity index of 90%, 20 μ m greater than 95%.
4, test-results of the present invention shows, the every mechanical performance index of modification perlite filled PVC plastics obviously is better than unmodified perlite all above the GB3830-83 standard.If the performance index to goods are less demanding, unmodified perlite powder can be used as packing material equally.
5, the present invention finishes laboratory test, interim test, and realizes industrialization.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a nonmetalliferous ore perlite ore preparation method schema.
Fig. 2 is a process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The perlite tailing filler product
Described product contains SiO
271%, Al
2O
312%, described fill composition granularity is 140 μ m, add-on 10Kg, surfactivity index 95%; Its preparation technology is a raw material for adopting less than 250 μ m perlite tailing powders, adopts coarse reduction, controlling classification, adding titanic acid ester combination coupling agent 4Kg and tensio-active agent lipid acid 4Kg, and under the high-speed mixing state, the control temperature of charge is prepared from for 130 ℃.
The perlite tailing filler product of preparation is applied to the filler reinforcement of PVC plastics, is undertaken by the GB3830-83 standard, and perlite tailing is 4Kg, PVC10 Kg, and experimental test the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 modification perlite filled PVC plastics testing test result
| Sample | Tensile strength (Mpa) | Elongation (%) | Angle tear strength (N/mm) |
| The warp-wise broadwise | The warp-wise broadwise | The warp-wise broadwise | |
| Perlite | ??15.3???????14.5 | ??206.3?????????200.0 | ??45.2????????49.8 |
| The modification perlite | ??17.3???????15.0 | ??266.3?????????212.5 | ??62.0????????56.3 |
| GB3830-83 | ????????≥14 | ?????????≥200 | ????????≥40 |
Test-results of the present invention shows that the every mechanical performance index of modification perlite filled PVC plastics obviously is better than unmodified perlite all above the GB3830-83 standard.If the performance index to goods are less demanding, described unmodified perlite powder can be used as packing material equally.
Embodiment 2
The perlite tailing filler product
Described product contains SiO
272%, Al
2O
313%, described fill composition granularity is 15 μ m, add-on 10Kg, surfactivity index 96%; Its preparation technology through the airflow milling superfine grinding, adds silane coupling agent 9Kg and tensio-active agent lipid acid 6Kg for adopting the following perlite tailing powder of 44 μ m, and under the high-speed mixing state, the control temperature of charge is prepared from for 100 ℃.
Adopt the perlite mineral filler 2 of the present invention's preparation, perlite tailing is 2Kg, and PVC 5Kg is applied to filler reinforcement XH-03A neoprene cable sheath glue cable in rubber cable sizing material, undertaken by the GB7594.7-87 standard, goods physical and mechanical properties test result sees Table 2.
Table 2 goods physical and mechanical properties test result
| Test item | ???GB7594.7-87 | Modified kaolin | The modification perlite |
| Tensile strength (Mpa) before aging | ?????≥11.0 | ?????12.3 | ?????11.1 |
| Elongation at break (%) before aging | ?????≥250 | ?????350 | ?????350 |
| Tensile strength velocity of variation (%) after the thermal ageing | ?????≤-15 | ?????-5 | ?????-5 |
| Elongation at break after the thermal ageing (%) | ???≥200 | ????340 | ????310 |
| Elongation at break velocity of variation (%) after the thermal ageing | ???≤-25 | ????-18 | ????-11 |
| Heat is extended elongation (%) under the load | ???≤175 | ????15 | ????10 |
| Heat is extended cooling back tension set (%) | ???≤25 | ????10 | ????5 |
| Tensile strength velocity of variation (%) behind the immersion oil | ???Max±40 | ????-10 | ????21 |
| Elongation at break velocity of variation (%) behind the immersion oil | ???Max±40 | ????-13 | ????14 |
Test result of the present invention shows that the every performance index of modification perlite filler reinforcement XH-03A neoprene cable sheath glue all reach the GB7594.7-87 standard.Production technique confirms that the perlitic sizing material ratio of interpolation modification is easier to mixing even, the film smooth surface of rolling over out, no bubble and numb line; Sizing material is extruded easily, and it is smooth to extrude cable surface, no bubble, no sand holes, no bark phenomenon.Compare with the calcining modified kaolin, the modification perlite directly utilizes perlite tailing and does not need calcining, and production cost is low, has stronger market value advantage.
Embodiment 3
Perlite polish abrasive product: described product contains SiO
271%, Al
2O
312%, add-on 10Kg; Described polish abrasive composition size-grade distribution is the following grain size content 5% of 100%, 44 μ m less than 150 μ m content.Its preparation technology is a raw material for adopting less than 250 μ m perlite tailing powders, adopt coarse reduction, dry type erratic current air classification and controlling classification method, divide stage material greater than 150 μ m products, return coarse reduction, the operation of dry type erratic current air classification, divide stage material to enter the branch batch bin, as the raw material that goes on foot operation down less than 44 μ m products; And less than 150 μ m, be exactly the perlite polish abrasive of preparation greater than the product of 44 μ m.With the perlite tailing raw material and see Table 3 with the prepared perlite polish abrasive technical indicator comparing result of crude pearlite.
The polish abrasive technical indicator comparing result of table 3 crude pearlite/mine tailing preparation
| Starting material | Greater than 150 μ m | ??44~150μm | Less than 44 μ m | Proportion g/cm 3 | Hardness |
| Raw ore | ????0％ | ????87.5％ | ???12.5％ | ?????2.35 | ????5~6 |
| Mine tailing | ????0％ | ????97.4％ | ???2.6％ | ?????2.35 | ????5~6 |
| Company standard | ????0％ | ????＞85％ | ???＜15％ | ?????2.2~2.4 | ????5~6 |
Claims (10)
1, a kind of perlite mineral composition mainly contains perlite tailing, and described perlite tailing mainly contains SiO
2, Al
2O
3, described composition granularity is below the 150 μ m.
2, according to the perlite mineral composition of claim 1, described composition granularity is below the 44 μ m.
3, according to the perlite mineral composition of claim 1, described composition granularity is below the 20 μ m.
4, according to the perlite mineral composition of claim 1, described composition size-grade distribution per-cent be particle diameter 44-150 μ m account for 90～100%, what particle diameter 44 μ m were following accounts for 0～10%.
5, a kind of preparation method of perlite mineral composition may further comprise the steps: select for use granularity less than 250 μ m, mainly contain SiO
2, Al
2O
3Perlite tailing, corase grind is pulverized; Air classification; The mineral aggregate surface modification.
6, the preparation method of perlite mineral composition according to claim 5, further comprising the steps of: it is that perlite tailing is pulverized that described corase grind is pulverized, and tentatively sieves the following pellet of collection cut size 150 μ m; Described air classification is meant the dry type erratic current air classification, and this staging is described corase grind to be pulverized this material below the gained particle diameter 150 μ m of back be further divided into less than 44 μ m with greater than two kinds of granularity ranks of 44 μ m;
Make the pellet of described air classification gained granularity less than 44 μ m, enter and distribute in the storage bin, in this pellet is 100 weight parts, add titanate coupling agent weight part 0.8-1.0 and tensio-active agent fatty acid wt part 0.8-1.0 and carry out surface modification treatment, described surface modification reaction temperature is 120 ℃～140 ℃, gets mainly to contain SiO
2, Al
2O
3, granularity is the following described mineral compositions of 44 μ m;
Or with the pellet of described air classification gained granularity less than 44 μ m, through airflow milling superfine grinding to 2.5～10 μ m granularities, in this pellet is 100 weight parts, add titanate coupling agent 0.5-1.3 weight part or silane coupling agent 0.5-1.3 weight part, carry out surface modification treatment with high-speed mixer, described processing reaction temperature is 90～100 ℃, gets mainly to contain SiO
2, Al
2O
3, granularity is the following described mineral compositions of 20 μ m;
With the pellet of described air classification gained granularity greater than 44 μ m, sieve, again by particle diameter 44-150 μ m account for 90～100%, particle diameter 44 μ m are following accounts for 0～10% ratio allotment, makes mainly to contain SiO
2, Al
2O
3, mineral composition with above-mentioned size-grade distribution.
7, according to the preparation method of claim 5 or 6 described perlite mineral compositions, further comprising the steps of: that the pellet greater than 150 μ m after the described screening is returned above-mentioned coarse reduction, air classification and later step; Described silane coupling agent weight part is 0.8-1.0.
8, claim 1 or the application of 2 described mineral compositions aspect the PVC plastics, described mineral composition is used as the filled PVC plastic filler.
9, the application of the described mineral composition of claim 3 aspect the cable sheath sizing material, described mineral composition is used as cable sheath sizing material stopping composition.
10, the application of the described mineral composition of claim 4 aspect televisor glass bulb, computer display screen, opticglass instrument and the polishing of glasswork ornaments is used as polish abrasive with described composition.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03142650 CN1283729C (en) | 2003-06-10 | 2003-06-10 | Perlite tailing composition and preparation method and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03142650 CN1283729C (en) | 2003-06-10 | 2003-06-10 | Perlite tailing composition and preparation method and application thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1566220A true CN1566220A (en) | 2005-01-19 |
| CN1283729C CN1283729C (en) | 2006-11-08 |
Family
ID=34471150
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03142650 Expired - Fee Related CN1283729C (en) | 2003-06-10 | 2003-06-10 | Perlite tailing composition and preparation method and application thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1283729C (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103540170A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-01-29 | 湖南有色新田岭钨业有限公司 | Modified tungsten tailings as well as preparation method and application thereof as plastic filler |
| CN106398325A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2017-02-15 | 李树华 | Production method for filling material of metallic tailings |
| CN112456911A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-09 | 绵竹市铸诚混凝土有限公司 | Method for producing concrete by using tailings and tailings waste residues and prepared tailing concrete |
-
2003
- 2003-06-10 CN CN 03142650 patent/CN1283729C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103540170A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-01-29 | 湖南有色新田岭钨业有限公司 | Modified tungsten tailings as well as preparation method and application thereof as plastic filler |
| CN103540170B (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2015-04-22 | 湖南有色新田岭钨业有限公司 | Modified tungsten tailings as well as preparation method and application thereof as plastic filler |
| CN106398325A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2017-02-15 | 李树华 | Production method for filling material of metallic tailings |
| CN112456911A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-09 | 绵竹市铸诚混凝土有限公司 | Method for producing concrete by using tailings and tailings waste residues and prepared tailing concrete |
| CN112456911B (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2022-06-10 | 绵竹市铸诚混凝土有限公司 | Method for producing concrete by using tailings and tailings waste residues and prepared tailing concrete |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1283729C (en) | 2006-11-08 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102604167B (en) | Preparation method of vulcanized rubber | |
| Ugama et al. | Effect of iron ore tailing on the properties of concrete | |
| Erkliğ et al. | A comparative study on industrial waste fillers affecting mechanical properties of polymer-matrix composites | |
| CN113429720A (en) | Novel PMMA composite material of nano-micron silicon-implanted body and preparation process thereof | |
| CN106543558B (en) | Polypropylene filling master batch and preparation method thereof | |
| CN1283729C (en) | Perlite tailing composition and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN102617894B (en) | High performance elastomer composition | |
| CN101875733B (en) | Method for preparing soft rubber sole by using kaolin/styrene-butadiene rubber composite material | |
| CN1257214C (en) | Superfine active wollastonite composition and its prepn process and application | |
| CN103804803B (en) | The purposes of coal ash lifting high-insulativity, the rubber containing flyash and preparation method thereof | |
| CN113185235A (en) | Adhesive for limestone tailing ceramic tile | |
| CN112521086A (en) | Impact-resistant wear-resistant airport pavement fiber concrete and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106496658B (en) | A kind of natural rubber and preparation method thereof of superfined flyash filling | |
| CN104006101B (en) | Friction material containing two refining waste residues and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103540170B (en) | Modified tungsten tailings as well as preparation method and application thereof as plastic filler | |
| CN102797775A (en) | Automobile brake lining containing water granulated slag and manufacturing method of automobile brake lining | |
| CN110877962B (en) | Surface modified heavy calcium carbonate suitable for artificial stone filler | |
| CN101239795B (en) | Rocking bed filling material and preparation method thereof | |
| Chen et al. | Effect of modification conditions of coal gangue on properties of natural rubber composites | |
| CN111234319B (en) | High-density polymer regulator and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101386689B (en) | Rubber-enhanced compatibilizer composition and preparation technology thereof | |
| CN110357485A (en) | A kind of pervious concrete additive and preparation method thereof using the preparation of ferrosilicon ash | |
| CN110665625B (en) | Production process of special calcium carbonate for artificial stone | |
| Ahmed et al. | Characterization of mechanical properties of marble sludge/natural rubber composites | |
| CN102241840A (en) | Rubber material of high-wear-resistance mining rubber screen mesh |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20061108 Termination date: 20100610 |