CN1564542A - Tunnel set-up method for carrying out internet of IPV4 network on IPV6 network - Google Patents
Tunnel set-up method for carrying out internet of IPV4 network on IPV6 network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Dual stack router adds specific address prefixing PRFX to IPv4 route to become pseudo IPv6 route, which through IPv6 route protocol is interacted in IPv6 network. When pseudo IPv6 route being received, dual stack router in IPv6 network uses route prefixing PRFX to match and recognize pseudo IPv6 route, and restore IPv6 route to IPv4 route so as to realize function of IPv4 over IPv6. The invention is implemented in Tsinghua Univ. providing features of simple configuration and wide application.
Description
Technical field
The tunnel establishing method of realizing the IPv4 network interconnection on the IPv6 network belongs to Internet technical field, relates in particular to the tunneling technique of the IPv4 and the IPv6 network interconnection.
Background technology
Because IPv4 address space wretched insufficiency, will be developed rapidly based on the Next Generation Internet of IPv6.Yet because the IPv4 the Internet has had considerable scale and application program widely, so the IPv4 network is inevitable in long-term existence from now on, forms and process that IPv6 network of future generation progressively merges.Along with the IPv6 backbone network is set up, need to introduce a kind of new technology the IPv6 backbone network of IPv4 terminal use by rapidly and efficiently coupled together to improve the service quality of network.In addition, progressively discarded along with the IPv4 network will produce the disconnected transition stage of IPv4 network, and the IPv6 network need be realized communication between the different IP v4 network based on this as the bridge of a plurality of IPv4 networks of connection in this stage.
The address structure of IPv6 and IPv4 network is completely different, and the interconnection technique of IPv6 and IPv4 network becomes an important difficult problem of internet development.Though occurred at present the interconnection technique of many IPv6 and IPv4 network, as RFC2893, RFC2529, RFC3056, RFC3053 and some IETF draft, yet that these technology concentrate on IPv6 over IPv4 is technical.As shown in Figure 1, the left and right sides is isolated IPv6 network, connects with existing IPv4 network between the two.Above-mentioned technology has defined under this network topology structure, how realizes mutual between the IPv4 network by being based upon tunnel on the IPv6.
Along with IPv6 networks development and IPv4 network progressively discarded from now on, IPv6 will become the core of the network interconnection, thereby situation about no longer being communicated with by the IPv4 agreement between the IPv4 network might occur.In addition, provide the situation of high speed high-quality transmitted in packets for the IPv6 network, adopting the transport communication based on the IPv6 backbone network between the IPv4 network also is a kind of possible high-quality transmission mode.Therefore, how be necessary to consider to realize mutual between the IPv4 network, as shown in Figure 2 by the tunnel of setting up IPv4 over IPv6.
Though RFC2473 relates to IPv4 over IPv6 technology, it has only defined the packet encapsulation form, does not relate to the mutual processing of route, can't be applicable to the interconnected of large-scale complex topological structure.When network size becomes under the big and interconnected complicated situation, how source end IPv4 network carries out route and forwards the packet on the end dual-stacker router of source and how the encapsulation node determines the purpose IPv6 address etc. of tunnel transmission, becomes the core technology problem of IPv4 over IPv6.Method proposed by the invention is applicable to IPv4over IPv6 Network Transmission, and rerouted communications mutual, can be applicable to the interconnected of large-scale complex topological structure.
The present invention proposes a kind of tunnel establishing method of on the IPv6 network, realizing the IPv4 network interconnection, be called for short 6to4.This technology has the advantages that configuration is simple, applicability is wide, be applicable to IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnection situation under the complex topology structure, can either improve IPv4 transmitted in packets quality by IPv6 high-speed backbone network, also can be undertaken interconnected by the IPv6 network isolated IPv4 network, being the important technology of the IPv4 network and the IPv6 network interconnection, is the important component part in the IPv4 over IPv6 overall technology framework.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of tunnel establishing method of on the IPv6 network, realizing the IPv4 network interconnection, be called for short 4to6.
The thinking of method proposed by the invention is: dual-stacker router is transformed into pseudo-IPv6 route and these pseudo-IPv6 routes are mutual in the IPv6 network by the IPv6 Routing Protocol after the IPv4 route is added particular address prefix PRFX; After the dual-stacker router in the IPv6 network receives pseudo-IPv6 route, use these pseudo-IPv6 routes of route prefix PRFX coupling identification, and it is reduced to the IPv4 route, thereby the IPv4 route after will reducing is mutual on the IPv4 network, finally make the IPv4 route can penetrate the IPv6 network, and effective on whole network; Based on above-mentioned route interaction mechanism, on the path of grouping from the source node to the destination node, tunnel source end dual-stacker router will be to IPv4 grouping carrying out IPv6 encapsulation, and the IPv6 transmitted in packets that encapsulated decapsulation and reduction when the destination dual-stacker router, IPv4 grouping after the reduction sends to purpose IPv4 network, realizes the function of IPv4 overIPv6.
The invention is characterized in:
(1) address of setting IPv6 network matched routings prefix PRFX and each IPv6, IPv4 network;
(2) first computers are after dual-stacker router is received grouping, judge whether it is the IPv4 routing packets;
(3) if, upgrade corresponding IPv4 route according to IPv4 protocol stack regulation so after, in the IPv4 protocol stack, carry out respective handling, prepare simultaneously an IPv4 route of upgrading is introduced an IPv6 network;
(4) the IPv4 route is added the IPv6 route prefix PRFX of above-mentioned setting after, it is transformed into pseudo-IPv6 route, and these pseudo-IPv6 routes are mutual in the IPv6 network by the IPv6 Routing Protocol, in the IPv6 protocol stack, carry out respective handling simultaneously;
After (5) second dual-stacker routers are received the pseudo-IPv6 route of renewal, be suitable for above-mentioned PRFX and discern, if pseudo-IPv6 route just is reduced to it IPv4 route and uses existing IPv4 Routing Protocol mutual in the IPv4 network;
(6) mutual by above-mentioned steps (1)-(5) to the route of each IPv4 address, finish the route maintenance of IPv4 address in global network;
(7) in the 4to6 packet forward process of IPv4 and IPv6 network, after dual-stacker router judges that received grouping is the grouping that needs to transmit arbitrarily, in the two stack routing tables of self, search next hop address at this destination address, carry out one of following operation:
A) be that IPv6 address and this grouping are the IPv4 groupings for next jumping, then grouping encapsulated that the IPv6 source of packets address after the encapsulation is PRFX:IPv4 source address::, destination address is PRFX:IPv4 destinationaddress::;
B) be that IPv4 address and this grouping are the pseudo-IPv6 groupings with PRFX prefix to next jumping, this source of packets address is PRFX:IPv4 source address::, destination address is PRFX:IPv4 destination address::, then to the grouping decapsulation, the source address of IPv4 grouping is above-mentioned IP v4 source address after the decapsulation, and destination address is IPv4 destination address.
(8) transmit grouping according to two stack routing tables, realize the function of IPv4overIPv6.
The 4to6 tunnel establishing method of realizing the IPv4 network interconnection on the IPv6 network proposed by the invention has the advantages that configuration is simple, applicability is wide, can better be used in IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnection situation under the complex topology structure.Tsing-Hua University is used in the research achievement in the IPv6/IPv4 dual-stacker router of being developed at present, has realized the IPv4 network interworking based on the IPv6 network, is the important component part in the IPv4 over IPv6 overall technology framework.We plan in next generation network is built, and further the present invention is promoted in checking, realizes the efficiently interconnected of IPv4 network and IPv6 network.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 .IPv6 overIPv4 schematic diagram
Fig. 2 .IPv4 overIPv6 schematic diagram
Fig. 3 .4to6 dual-stacker router flow chart
Fig. 4 .4to6 tunnel applications for example
The network topology that Fig. 5 .4to6 tunnel is suitable for
Embodiment
Fig. 3 is the concrete grammar that the 4to6 tunnel of realizing the IPv4 network interconnection on the IPv6 network proposed by the invention is set up.After dual-stacker router receives grouping, at first judge the affiliated type of grouping, if the IPv6 routing packets then and then according to prefix PRFX matched rule judges whether it is pseudo-IPv6 route, if then pseudo-IPv6 route is reduced to the IPv4 route and in the IPv4 network, propagates; On the contrary, if the IPv4 route, convert pseudo-IPv6 route to after then this IPv4 route being added particular address prefix PRFX, and to the IPv6 Internet communication.By the propagation of above-mentioned pseudo-IPv6 route, make the routing iinformation that has the IPv4 network on the whole network, for the forwarding of following grouping is laid a good foundation.
If the grouping that dual-stacker router receives is not a routing packets, but the grouping that need transmit, then above-mentioned router is searched two stack routing tables, and carry out respective handling according to the next hop address of route searching result and the type of grouping itself: for next jumping is that IPv6 address and this grouping are the IPv4 groupings, then grouping is encapsulated, IPv6 source of packets address after the encapsulation is PRFX:IPv4 source address::, destination address is PRFX:IPv4 destination address::; To next jumping be IPv4 address and this grouping be have the IPv6 of PRFX prefix grouping (the source of packets address is PRFX:IPv4 source address::, destination address is PRFX:IPv4 destination address: :), then decapsulation is carried out in grouping, the source address of IPv4 grouping is above-mentioned IP v4 source address after the decapsulation, and destination address is IPv4 destination address.By the process of encapsulation or decapsulation, make grouping on corresponding network, normally to transmit.
According to ietf standard, the IPv6 address of 0x2 beginning is the unicast address that assemble in the whole world, 0x2002: :/16 IPv6 address prefixs for the use of 6to4 tunnel if therefore Internet organizes IETF can accept the present technique invention, then can be defined as 0x2003: with PRFX wherein :/16.Before IETF accepted the present invention, existing IPv4 enterprise network then can this prefix be set to the IPv6 address prefix that ISP distributes to this enterprise if need by the IPv6 network interconnection.Encapsulation mechanism in the present technique invention can adopt the tunnel packet encapsulation mechanism of defined IPv4 over IPv6 among the RFC2473.
The practice example of this technology as shown in Figure 4.Source end IPv4 node A need send grouping to destination IP v4 Node B.Destination IP v4 network is mutual by route, makes dual-stacker router R2 receive the IPv4 route of 166.1.1.1/16.According to the flow process of Fig. 3, R2 converts pseudo-IPv6 route PRFX:166.1.1.1: to after this IPv4 route is added particular prefix PRFX:, and should puppet IPv6 route to the IPv6 Internet communication.Source end dual-stacker router R1 receives this puppet IPv6 route PRFX:166.1.1.1:: after, by this puppet of particular prefix PRFX coupling identification IPv6 route, it is reduced into IPv4 route 166.1.1.1/16 and in the end IPv4 network of source, propagates.
By above-mentioned route reciprocal process, the route of Node B that made whole network operation, so source end IPv4 node A can send grouping to destination IP v4 Node B.Be grouped in the IPv4 network of source, source address is that 192.1.1.1, destination address are 166.1.1.1, as packet arrival source end dual-stacker router R1, according to the flow process of Fig. 3, R1 finds that the next hop address of this IPv4 grouping is the IPv6 address, therefore it is packaged into the IPv6 grouping.At this moment, the source address of this grouping is PRFX:192.1.1.1 :～, destination address is PRFX:166.1.1.1 :～.After grouping after encapsulation arrived destination dual-stacker router R2, R2 found that according to the routing table lookup result next jumping of this IPv6 grouping is the IPv4 address, and the decapsulation of therefore should dividing into groups finally is forwarded to purpose IPv4 network.
Because therefore 4to6 tunneling technique proposed by the invention can have general adaptability, complex topology structure as shown in Figure 5 with the IPv4 routing iinformation alternately in whole network.The IPv4 network can comprise the IPv4 network address of number of different types, as 166.1.1.1/16 and 123.1.1.1/8, the IPv6 network can carry out that multiple access point is connected, the IPv4 network also can have a plurality of access points with the IPv6 network with a plurality of isolated IPv4 networks.
This shows that the present invention has reached intended purposes.
Claims (1)
1. on the IPv6 network, realize the tunnel establishing method of the IPv4 network interconnection, be called for short 4to6, it is characterized in that: it is two dual-stacker routers realizing on the computer of IPv4 network and IPv6 network, said two dual-stacker routers are difference cross-over connection first and second computers in IPv4 network and IPv6 network and IPv6 network and IPv4 network successively, and it contains following steps successively:
(1) address of setting IPv6 network matched routings prefix PRFX and each IPv6, IPv4 network;
(2) first computers are after dual-stacker router is received grouping, judge whether it is the IPv4 routing packets;
(3) if, upgrade corresponding IPv4 route according to IPv4 protocol stack regulation so after, in the IPv4 protocol stack, carry out respective handling, prepare simultaneously an IPv4 route of upgrading is introduced an IPv6 network;
(4) the IPv4 route is added the IPv6 route prefix PRFX of above-mentioned setting after, it is transformed into pseudo-IPv6 route, and these pseudo-IPv6 routes are mutual in the IPv6 network by the IPv6 Routing Protocol, in the IPv6 protocol stack, carry out respective handling simultaneously;
After (5) second dual-stacker routers are received the pseudo-IPv6 route of renewal, be suitable for above-mentioned PRFX and discern, if pseudo-IPv6 route just is reduced to it IPv4 route and uses existing IPv4 Routing Protocol mutual in the IPv4 network;
(6) mutual by above-mentioned steps (1)-(5) to the route of each IPv4 address, finish the route maintenance of IPv4 address in global network;
(7) in the 4to6 packet forward process of IPv4 and IPv6 network, after dual-stacker router judges that received grouping is the grouping that needs to transmit arbitrarily, in the two stack routing tables of self, search next hop address at this destination address, carry out one of following operation:
A) be that IPv6 address and this grouping are the IPv4 groupings for next jumping, then grouping encapsulated that the IPv6 source of packets address after the encapsulation is PRFX:IPv4 source address ∷, destination address is PRFX:IPv4 destinationaddress ∷;
B) be that IPv4 address and this grouping are the pseudo-IPv6 groupings with PRFX prefix to next jumping, this source of packets address is PRFX:IPv4 source address ∷, destination address is PRFX:IPv4 destination address ∷, then to the grouping decapsulation, the source address of IPv4 grouping is above-mentioned IP v4 source address after the decapsulation, and destination address is IPv4 destination address.
(8) transmit grouping according to two stack routing tables, realize IPv4 over IPv6 function.
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100433691C (en) * | 2005-11-02 | 2008-11-12 | 华为技术有限公司 | Routing method of virtual special network |
| CN1996929B (en) * | 2007-01-05 | 2010-05-26 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Forwarding method and device of IPv6 message in the switch |
| CN101197752B (en) * | 2007-11-19 | 2010-06-02 | 清华大学 | Multicast implementing method based on independent multicast-special source protocol in flexible wire type tunnel |
| CN101018234B (en) * | 2007-03-15 | 2010-08-11 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Routing information publishing method and network address conversion-protocol conversion gateway device |
| CN102045244A (en) * | 2009-10-10 | 2011-05-04 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | IPV4 (Internet Protocol Version 4) network as well as implementation method and system for intercommunicating with new network |
| CN101577680B (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2011-08-17 | 福建星网锐捷网络有限公司 | Updating method, device and system of tunnel routing information |
| CN101692647B (en) * | 2009-10-12 | 2012-03-14 | 清华大学 | Tunnel forwarding system in which IPv4 packets are encapsulated by IPv6 head in router |
| CN102724068A (en) * | 2012-04-05 | 2012-10-10 | 杭州安恒信息技术有限公司 | Method for identifying audit log asset in internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) mixed network |
| CN101707573B (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2013-04-10 | 北京网能经纬科技有限公司 | Transitional system architecture for realizing intercommunication of ipv4 network and ipv6 network |
| CN104158918A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-11-19 | 广州杰赛科技股份有限公司 | Interworking method and system for IPv4 and IPv6 |
| CN104509046A (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-04-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data Communication Method, Device And System |
| CN110247837A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-09-17 | 上海地面通信息网络股份有限公司 | A kind of IPv6 closed fluid system |
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2004
- 2004-04-20 CN CN200410009029.2A patent/CN1564542A/en active Pending
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100433691C (en) * | 2005-11-02 | 2008-11-12 | 华为技术有限公司 | Routing method of virtual special network |
| CN1996929B (en) * | 2007-01-05 | 2010-05-26 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Forwarding method and device of IPv6 message in the switch |
| CN101018234B (en) * | 2007-03-15 | 2010-08-11 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Routing information publishing method and network address conversion-protocol conversion gateway device |
| CN101197752B (en) * | 2007-11-19 | 2010-06-02 | 清华大学 | Multicast implementing method based on independent multicast-special source protocol in flexible wire type tunnel |
| CN101577680B (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2011-08-17 | 福建星网锐捷网络有限公司 | Updating method, device and system of tunnel routing information |
| CN101707573B (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2013-04-10 | 北京网能经纬科技有限公司 | Transitional system architecture for realizing intercommunication of ipv4 network and ipv6 network |
| CN102045244A (en) * | 2009-10-10 | 2011-05-04 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | IPV4 (Internet Protocol Version 4) network as well as implementation method and system for intercommunicating with new network |
| CN101692647B (en) * | 2009-10-12 | 2012-03-14 | 清华大学 | Tunnel forwarding system in which IPv4 packets are encapsulated by IPv6 head in router |
| CN102724068A (en) * | 2012-04-05 | 2012-10-10 | 杭州安恒信息技术有限公司 | Method for identifying audit log asset in internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) mixed network |
| CN104509046A (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-04-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data Communication Method, Device And System |
| CN104509046B (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2017-12-29 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of data communications method, equipment and system |
| CN104158918A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-11-19 | 广州杰赛科技股份有限公司 | Interworking method and system for IPv4 and IPv6 |
| CN104158918B (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2018-03-13 | 广州杰赛科技股份有限公司 | IPv4 and IPv6 interoperability methods and system |
| CN110247837A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-09-17 | 上海地面通信息网络股份有限公司 | A kind of IPv6 closed fluid system |
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