CN1562844A - Treatment method of reducing hydrogen loss of optical fiber and devices in use for the method - Google Patents

Treatment method of reducing hydrogen loss of optical fiber and devices in use for the method Download PDF

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CN1562844A
CN1562844A CN 200410008654 CN200410008654A CN1562844A CN 1562844 A CN1562844 A CN 1562844A CN 200410008654 CN200410008654 CN 200410008654 CN 200410008654 A CN200410008654 A CN 200410008654A CN 1562844 A CN1562844 A CN 1562844A
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deuterium
optical fiber
processing chamber
gas
deuterium processing
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CN1251985C (en
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雷道玉
陆大方
李诗愈
王冬香
李海清
陈伟
成煜
严勇虎
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Fiberhome Telecommunication Technologies Co Ltd
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Fiberhome Telecommunication Technologies Co Ltd
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Abstract

The main characteristic of method and device in this invention is to do deuterate process for fibre-optical formed by drawing in normal temp to reduce and remove the fault in fibre-optical thus to reduce fibre-optical hydrogen loss. The fibre-optical processed by this invention has additional less than or equal to 0.01 dB/km when hydrogen loss is 1383 nm.

Description

Processing method for reducing hydrogen loss of optical fiber and equipment used by method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a processing method for reducing the hydrogen loss of an optical fiber and equipment used by the method, in particular to a deuterium processing process of the optical fiber and deuterium processing equipment used by the process.
Background
Currently, fiber optic communication technology continues to evolve toward high-speed, high-capacity. Specific technological development approaches mainly include increasing the transmission rate of a single channel and increasing the number of channels for Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM). In order to increase the number of channels for WDM multiplexing, there are two approaches, one of which, to reduce the channel spacing; secondly, the available frequency band of the optical fiber is expanded. Fiber manufacturing techniques have been striving to extend the available frequency band of optical fibers.
Since the first silica glass single mode fiber with losses below 20dB/km was manufactured by Corning incorporated in the United states in 1970, the operating wavelength (also referred to as the "window") of the fiber has been expanding. Before 1990, there were mainly 3 windows in the fiber: i.e., 850nm, 1310nm and 1550nm, referred to as first, second and third windows, respectively. These 3 windows are separated by hydroxyl (OH) ion absorption peaks (also referred to as "water peaks") at 950nm, 1250nm and 1385 nm. Before and after 1995, the L-band at 1625nm was exploited, called the fourth window. With the new development of Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM), amplifiers, laser sources, etc., it is increasingly important to eliminate the OH ion absorption peak and open the fifth window of 1350-1450nm, so that the operating wavelength of the single-mode fiber extends from 1260nm to 1625 nm.
The technical advantages of such low water peak fibers are: first, the operating wavelength range is broadened by 100nm over conventional single mode fibers, which means that more WDM channels or wider channel spacing would be beneficial to reduce system cost. Second, the dispersion in the 1350-1450nm wavelength range is only below 1/2 for the dispersion value of 1550nm for conventional single mode fibers, which means that the transmission distance can be doubled without dispersion compensation, which is advantageous for reducing system cost. Third, with low water peak fibers, different transmissions can be made in different bands, providing multiple services. For example, different transmission systems, digital/analog, different transmission rates, low/high speed, different transmission contents, voice/image, etc., can be allocated to the most suitable band for transmission through one optical fiber, which is convenient and economical.
For low water peak optical fibers, the IEC60793-2-50 standard has strict specifications, i.e., the maximum attenuation coefficient of the optical fiber through the fiber at 1383 + -3 nm hydrogen loss must be less than or equal to the attenuation coefficient specified at 1310 nm. The ITU-T standard also refers to the IEC60793-2-50 standard.
Currently, optical fibers are prepared by a preform and then drawn down into optical fibers at high temperatures. Methods for manufacturing an optical fiber preform include Outside Vapor Deposition (OVD), Modified Chemical Vapor Deposition (MCVD), axial vapor deposition (VAD), and Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition (PCVD). For the outside-of-tubes method (OVD and VAD), the OH group content can be reduced by high-temperature chemical dehydration; in the tube-in-tube methods (PCVD and MCVD), since hydrogen-containing impurities and hydroxyl impurities in the halide raw material, moisture of carrier gas, and OH in the silica glass tube diffuse, and there is no chemical dehydration step, so that the OH content is higher than that of the OVD and VAD methods, but the OH content in the preform can be reduced by refining the raw material, purifying the carrier gas to remove moisture contained in the gas, closing the system, and using a silica glass tube with low OH content and an induction furnace to melt and condense into a rod.
The optical fiber obtained by high-temperature drawing has defects, and the additional loss of the optical fiber after hydrogen loss is obviously increased due to the defects, so that the attenuation coefficient of 1383 +/-3 nm after hydrogen loss is larger than the attenuation coefficient specified by 1310nm, and the standard of the low water peak optical fiber is not met. How to eliminate the defects is a hot spot of concern in the industry. In the optical fiber, the main defect structure is Si-O.O-Si, which is called non-bridging oxygen hollow defects (NBOHCs), when hydrogen gas precipitated in the atmospheric environment or optical cable material diffuses and permeates into the optical fiber, the hydrogen gas reacts with the defect structure in a thermodynamically unstable state to form silicon hydroxyl,
(1)
this results in an increase in parasitic losses after hydrogen loss. Although the defects in the fiber can be reduced by optimizing the drawing process, such as reducing the drawing temperature, reducing the take-up tension, etc., the additional attenuation after hydrogen loss exceeds that allowed by the low water peak fiber standard.
Accordingly, there is a need for a manufacturing process that reduces defects in optical fibers, and for an apparatus for use in the process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a processing method for reducing the hydrogen loss of an optical fiber. The method can reduce the additional loss generated by the hydrogen loss of the optical fiber.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an optical fiber deuterium processing apparatus for use in the optical fiber hydrogen loss reduction processing method.
The technical principle of the present invention is explained in detail as follows.
The gas permeability of quartz glass is much greater than that of ordinary glass, corresponding to 10 times that of pyrex glass and 300 times that of soda-lime glass, which indicates the existence of equivalent microporous channels in quartz glass. When D is present2The diffusion penetrates into the fiber, pre-occupying non-bridging oxygen vacancy defects, and the chemical reaction process is represented by the following list:
(2)
Si-O-D is formed during the chemical reaction represented by equation (2), which takes into account the change in bond energy, which comes mainly from two aspects, one is to dissociate D2The energy absorbed in time, and the energy released during the formation of the OD bond, from the data in Table 1, it can be calculated that the energy change of the reaction is-498.8 kJ/mol, indicating that the reaction is energetically favorable.
TABLE 1 bond energies of related substances
Substance(s) H2 D2 H2O D2O
Bond energy (kJ/mol) 436 443 463.5 470.9
There is also the possibility that the following chemical reactions occur within the fiber:
(3)
in this chemical reaction, the change of the bond energy is +7.8kJ/mol, i.e., the reaction is endothermic, which is energetically unfavorable, so that the chemical reaction represented by the formula (3) is difficult to proceed during the use of the optical fiber, and thus OH groups cannot be formed in the optical fiber.
The OH shock absorption peaks are due to OH chemical bond stretching or bending motion, and these vibrations are approximately harmonic. Formula for calculating frequency according to simple harmonic vibration
v = 1 2 π K μ - - - - ( 4 )
Where μ is the reduced mass of the bonding two atoms, μ ═ m1*m2/(m1+m2),m1And m2Respectively, the mass of two atoms; k is a bond force constant of a bond formed by two atoms, and is considered to be approximately proportional to the magnitude of bond energy. The wavelength corresponding to the vibration absorption peak of OH is shown in table 2, and then the wavelength corresponding to the vibration absorption peak of OD can be calculated by table 1 and formula (4), and the result is shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 comparison of the vibration absorption peaks of OH and OD
Frequency of OH(μm) OD(μm)
ν1+2ν3 1.24 1.69
2ν3 1.38 1.88
2ν1+ν3 1.90 2.59
ν1+ν3 2.22 3.03
ν3 2.72 3.71
From the data in Table 2, it is clear that the OD main vibration absorption peak is shifted to 1600nm or more.
The defect concentration in the fiber is rather low and for the fiber after preform drawing the concentration can be determined by the additional loss of hydrogen loss. In the glass fiber, when the concentration of OH groups was 10ppb, the loss due to its vibration absorption was 0.66 dB/km. For example, when the parasitic loss is 0.033dB/km, the concentration of defects is 0.5ppb according to Lambert-beer's law. For defect concentrations on the ppb level, when the fiber is at deuterium concentrationIn the mixed gas of 0.5-3%, the diffusion driving force is quite large, namely 107Magnitude. In addition, the outer diameter of the optical fiber is less than 0.28 mm. All of which are advantageously employed with D2Reducing the effectiveness of hydrogen loss in optical fibers.
The invention provides an optical fiber deuterium treatment method for reducing optical fiber hydrogen loss, which comprises the following steps: placing the optical fiber to be processed after drawing and forming in an optical fiber deuterium processing chamber, introducing inert gas into the optical fiber deuterium processing chamber for purging, heating the temperature in the optical fiber deuterium processing chamber to 25-50 ℃, vacuumizing the optical fiber deuterium processing chamber, introducing mixed gas of deuterium gas with the concentration of 0.5-3% and nitrogen gas into the optical fiber deuterium processing chamber, and enabling the pressure of the mixed gas in the chamber to reach 1.01 multiplied by 105Pa to 2.02X 105Pa, maintaining the indoor temperature and pressure for 10-30 hours, introducing inert gas into the optical fiber deuterium processing chamber, cooling the indoor temperature to normal temperature, and discharging the gas in the optical fiber deuterium processing chamber.
The invention discloses an optical fiber deuterium treatment method for reducing optical fiber hydrogen loss, which comprises the following steps: the purging process of the optical fiber deuterium processing chamber by the inert gas lasts for 15 minutes, the temperature in the optical fiber deuterium processing chamber is heated and kept at 40 ℃, the content of the deuterium in the mixed gas introduced into the optical fiber deuterium processing chamber is 2 percent, and the pressure of the mixed gas in the optical fiber deuterium processing chamber is 1.15 multiplied by 105Pa, the fiber deuterium processing chamber maintained this temperature and pressure for 20 hours.
The invention provides an optical fiber deuterium treatment device for reducing optical fiber hydrogen loss, which comprises: a deuterium gas inlet for inputting deuterium gas or a mixture of deuterium gases into the deuterium processing chamber; a flow control unit for metering and controlling the gas input to the deuterium processing chamber; an inert gas inlet for inputting an inert gas into the deuterium processing chamber; the temperature measuring and controlling unit is used for measuring and controlling the temperature of the gas in the deuterium processing chamber; the vacuum interface is used for carrying out vacuum pumping treatment on the deuterium treatment chamber; a pressure display unit for indicating the air pressure in the deuterium processing chamber; a fiber deuterium treating chamber for accommodating the drawn and molded optical fiber and performing deuterium treatment therein; a pressure control unit for controlling the air pressure in the deuterium processing chamber; and a discharge port for discharging gas in the deuterium processing chamber.
In the above optical fiber deuterium processing apparatus of the present invention, in order to heat the temperature inside the deuterium processing chamber, a heating device may be installed inside the deuterium processing chamber, and in order to make each component of the mixed gas uniformly distributed inside the deuterium processing chamber and fully contactwith the optical fiber, a gas disturbing device may be installed inside the deuterium processing chamber, and the discharge port of the deuterium processing chamber may be installed at the upper end of the deuterium processing chamber. The optical fiber deuterium treatment equipment can also be used for hydrogen loss treatment of the optical fiber.
Inert gas is used, and the main purpose is to maintain the cleanness of the optical fiber processing chamber and the safety of a workplace; in the optical fiber processing chamber, a heating device and a gas disturbing device are arranged to realize uniform heating and enhance the diffusion of deuterium gas; the discharge port is designed at the upper end of the processing chamber, which is beneficial to discharging dangerous gases such as deuterium gas and the like.
The invention has the advantages that (1) the hydrogen loss of the optical fiber at 1383nm can be reduced, and the maximum value of the additional loss caused by the hydrogen loss of the optical fiber after deuterium treatment is less than or equal to 0.01 dB/km; (2) the invention can not additionally generate wastes which are not friendly to the environment when being implemented, and can not cause damage to human bodies in the implementation process; (3) the process treatment equipment has the advantages of compact structure, small occupied area, low manufacturing cost and high safety performance; (4) the apparatus of the present invention can also be used for hydrogen loss of optical fibers.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an apparatus for deuterium treating a drawn optical fiber.
The equipment components represented by the symbols shown in the figures are: symbol 1 represents D2Or D2A deuterium gas inlet for mixed gas, 2 for a flow control unit, 3 for other inert gas inlets, 4 for a temperature measurement and control unit, 5 for a vacuum interface, 6 for a gate valve, 7 for a pressure display unit, 8 for a fiber-optic deuterium processing chamber, 9 for a pressure control unit, and 10 for a vent.
Detailed Description
Placing the drawn optical fiber into an optical fiber deuterium processing chamber 8 shown in FIG. 1, introducing pure inert gas purge device through an inert gas inlet 3 for 15 minutes, heating the optical fiber deuterium processing chamber to 25-50 deg.C, preferably 40 deg.C, evacuating the processing chamber, introducing a mixed gas of deuterium gas and nitrogen gas into the deuterium processing chamber through a deuterium gas inlet 1, wherein the concentration of deuterium gas is 0.5-3%, the concentration of deuterium gas is 2%, and the pressure of the mixed gas in the optical fiber deuterium processing chamber is 1.01 × 105Pa to 2.02X 105Pa, optimum pressure of 1.15X 105Pa, maintaining the state for 10 to 30 hours, preferably 20 hours, then introducing inert gas through the inert gas inlet 3 to cool the temperature in the deuterium processing chamber to room temperature, and then discharging the gas in the deuterium processing chamber to the atmosphere through the discharge opening 10 to ensure the safety of the workplace. After deuterium treatment, the additional loss of the optical fiber hydrogen loss is less than or equal to 0.01 dB/km.
For the purpose of simplicity and clarity of the drawings of the present invention, heating means and gas perturbation means installed in the fiber optic deuterium processing chamber are not shown in fig. 1. Heating device is used for heating, keeping warm to the indoor gas of deuterium processing, and the gas disturbance device is used for making the continuous convection current of the indoor mist of deuterium processing, keeps that each position mist composition is even in the deuterium processing to guarantee that gas and optic fibre fully contact.

Claims (7)

1. A method of deuterium treatment of an optical fiber to reduce hydrogen loss in the optical fiber, the method comprising the steps of:
the optical fiber to be processed after drawing and forming is placed in an optical fiber deuterium processing chamber,
inert gas is introduced into the fiber deuterium processing chamber to purge,
heating the temperature in the optical fiber deuterium processing chamber to 25-50 ℃, vacuumizing the optical fiber deuterium processing chamber,
introducing mixed gas of deuterium with the concentration of 0.5-3% and nitrogen into the optical fiber deuterium processing chamber,
the pressure of the mixed gas in the chamber is up toTo 1.01X 105Pa to 2.02X 105Pa,
The temperature and pressure in the chamber are maintained for 10 to 30 hours,
introducing inert gas into the optical fiber deuterium processing chamber and cooling the temperature in the chamber to normal temperature,
the gas in the fiber deuterium processing chamber is vented.
2. A method of deuterium treatment of an optical fiber to reduce hydrogen loss of the optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein:
the purging process of the fiber deuterium processing chamber with inert gas lasts 15 minutes,
the temperature in the optical fiber deuterium processing chamber is heated and maintained at 40 ℃,
the content of deuterium in the mixed gas of deuterium and nitrogen which is introduced into the optical fiber deuterium processing chamber is 2 percent,
the pressure of the mixed gas in the optical fiber deuterium processing chamber is 1.15 multiplied by 105Pa,
The fiber deuterium processing chamber is maintained at this temperature and pressure for 20 hours.
3. An optical fiber deuterium treating apparatus for reducing hydrogen loss of an optical fiber, the apparatus comprising:
a deuterium gas inlet for inputting deuterium gas or a mixture of deuterium gases into the deuterium processing chamber;
a flow control unit for metering and controlling the gas input to the deuterium processing chamber;
an inert gas inlet for inputting an inert gas into the deuterium processing chamber;
the temperature measuring and controlling unit is used for measuring and controlling the temperature of the gas in the deuterium processing chamber;
the vacuum interface is used for carrying out vacuum pumping treatment on the deuterium treatment chamber;
a pressure display unit for indicating the air pressure in the deuterium processing chamber;
a fiber deuterium treating chamber for accommodating the drawn and molded optical fiber and performing deuterium treatment therein;
a pressure control unit for controlling the air pressure in the deuterium processing chamber;
and a discharge port for discharging gas in the deuterium processing chamber.
4. The optical fiber deuterium processing apparatus for reducing the hydrogen loss of an optical fiber as claimed in claim 3, wherein a heating means is installed in the optical fiber deuterium processing chamber for heating the temperature in the deuterium processing chamber.
5. The optical fiber deuterium processing apparatus for reducing hydrogen loss of an optical fiber as claimed in claim 3, wherein the optical fiber deuterium processing chamber is equipped with gas disturbing means for uniformly distributing the respective components of the mixed gas in the deuterium processing chamber and making full contact with the optical fiber.
6. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the vent is disposed at an upper end of the deuterium processing chamber.
7. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the apparatus is also used for hydrogen loss treatment of optical fiber.
CN 200410008654 2004-03-18 2004-03-18 Treatment method of reducing hydrogen loss of optical fiber and devices in use for the method Expired - Lifetime CN1251985C (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102757187A (en) * 2011-04-27 2012-10-31 三星(海南)光通信技术有限公司 Deuterium treating device and method for optical fiber
CN101597144B (en) * 2008-02-26 2013-10-30 Ofs菲特尔有限责任公司 Accelerated aging of phosphorus-doped optical fibers
CN103962021A (en) * 2014-05-07 2014-08-06 江苏亨通光纤科技有限公司 Concentration and pressure synchronously adjustable deuterium gas proportioning method for optical fibers
CN105776897A (en) * 2016-03-31 2016-07-20 杭州富通通信技术股份有限公司 Production technology of optical fiber
CN108929050A (en) * 2017-05-24 2018-12-04 中天科技光纤有限公司 A kind of optical fiber deuterium processing unit, system and method
CN112634994A (en) * 2021-01-18 2021-04-09 杭州永特信息技术有限公司 Method for establishing combination of deuterium concentration and treatment time for optical fiber deuterium treatment

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101597144B (en) * 2008-02-26 2013-10-30 Ofs菲特尔有限责任公司 Accelerated aging of phosphorus-doped optical fibers
CN102757187A (en) * 2011-04-27 2012-10-31 三星(海南)光通信技术有限公司 Deuterium treating device and method for optical fiber
CN103962021A (en) * 2014-05-07 2014-08-06 江苏亨通光纤科技有限公司 Concentration and pressure synchronously adjustable deuterium gas proportioning method for optical fibers
CN103962021B (en) * 2014-05-07 2016-06-22 江苏亨通光纤科技有限公司 A kind of concentration, the adjustable optical fiber deuterium matching method of Simultaneous Pressure
CN105776897A (en) * 2016-03-31 2016-07-20 杭州富通通信技术股份有限公司 Production technology of optical fiber
CN108129036A (en) * 2016-03-31 2018-06-08 杭州富通通信技术股份有限公司 The manufacturing process of optical fiber
CN108129036B (en) * 2016-03-31 2020-08-21 杭州富通通信技术股份有限公司 Process for manufacturing optical fiber
CN108929050A (en) * 2017-05-24 2018-12-04 中天科技光纤有限公司 A kind of optical fiber deuterium processing unit, system and method
CN112634994A (en) * 2021-01-18 2021-04-09 杭州永特信息技术有限公司 Method for establishing combination of deuterium concentration and treatment time for optical fiber deuterium treatment

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