CN1562564A - Accurate grinding technique for nano structured material in ceramic coat - Google Patents
Accurate grinding technique for nano structured material in ceramic coat Download PDFInfo
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- CN1562564A CN1562564A CN 200410023027 CN200410023027A CN1562564A CN 1562564 A CN1562564 A CN 1562564A CN 200410023027 CN200410023027 CN 200410023027 CN 200410023027 A CN200410023027 A CN 200410023027A CN 1562564 A CN1562564 A CN 1562564A
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Abstract
A precise grinding technique for the coated nano-class ceramic layer features that the different abrasive discs and different grinding parameters are used for coarse grinding, semi-fine griding and fine grinding sequentially. Said grinding parameters are also disclosed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of grinding technique technology, particularly relate to a kind of accurate grinding technology of nanostructured ceramic coating material.
Background technology
Along with the development of material science, the nano structural material technology has appearred.When the crystallite dimension of material is reduced to nanoscale (tens nanometers), just obtain a kind of new material, i.e. " nano structural material ", nanometer powder and nano-porous materials and the nanometer many dense materials of its general reference particle diameter in the 1-100nm scope, kind comprises metal, oxide, inorganic compound and organic compound etc.At present, owing to be subjected to the puzzlement of difficult problems such as sintering and reunion, also there is certain technical difficulty in preparation nanostructured ceramic block material.Be the excellent properties of performance nano material, preparation nanostructured ceramic coating become one important by way of.In recent years, people have adopted HVOF (HOVF) and plasma spraying method to prepare nanostructured WC/Co coating material and nanostructured Al respectively on metallic matrix
2O
3/ TiO
2Coating material.
The nanostructured ceramic coating material has sizable application prospect.But it will obtain industrial applications and not only depends on its nano-structured coating preparation (assembling) technology, more depends on the precision processing technology that it is follow-up.
The high rigidity of nanostructured ceramic coating material and high abrasion decrease characteristic makes it become a kind of difficult-to-machine material.Usually, grinding parameters such as grinding dosage, grinding wheel characteristics, material behavior and microstructure play a decisive role to the generation and the damage characteristic of grinding damage.The engineering ceramic material that comprises the nanostructured ceramic coating, its material behavior is the hardness height, the fracture toughness index is low, easily produce surface/sub-surface damage during grinding, these damages comprise that microfissure, material powderization, macroscopic cracking (as meta/radial cracking and transversal crack), material are cracked, hole etc. is collapsed in material crushing, phase transformation, residual stress, hole and puffs.Issuable surface/sub-surface damage will cause the reduction of ceramic material component strength and wearability when pottery (coating) material was removed, and can change material behavior, serious damage even can cause the inefficacy of part.Along with the development of modern forming technology, the engineering ceramics Forming Quality has had significant improvement, and the size and the quantity of fault in material reduce greatly, and the damage on the ceramic component mainly comes from grinding or other processing technology.At present, people also do not understand fully to form, essence and the lesion depths of the grinding skin/sub-surface damage of engineering ceramics (ceramic coating), thereby have increased ceramic material uncertain and dangerous in structure applications.
The basic goal of efficient precise grinding processing nanostructured ceramic coating (engineering ceramics) is when keeping enough dimensional accuracy and material surface integrality and enough ceramic material intensity and wearability, obtain maximum material removing rate, finally realize efficient, economy, the high-quality of nanostructured ceramic coating (engineering ceramics), the processing of low damage.Yet, cut down finished cost by adopting big material removing rate, mainly be subjected to those again and will cause the surface/sub-surface damage of nanostructured ceramic coating element anti-wear performance loss to limit.
Grinding processing method to the nanostructured ceramic coating material is different with the grinding processing method of traditional material, and grinding parameter divides the influence of grindability indexs such as force rate, grinding specific energy, grinding surface roughness, grinding rear surface/sub-surface damage (macroscopic cracking), Material Removal Mechanism all different with the grinding processing method of traditional material to grinding force, the grinding force of its accurate grinding during grinding.
For the precise grinding process of the nanostructured ceramic coating that occurs in recent years, people lack its accurate grinding mechanism and grinding process parameters, and this will make its long processing time and processing cost height, and crudy can not get guaranteeing.People do not set up perfect accurate grinding mechanism and grinding process parameters theoretical system to engineering ceramic material yet at present, feasible long processing time to this material, manufacturing cost height.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of under the prerequisite that obtains good geometric accuracy and surface quality the accurate grinding technology of the nanostructured ceramic coating material of working (machining) efficiency height, low cost of manufacture.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is by a large amount of experimental studies and theoretical modeling and analysis, and research grinding parameter (comprise grinding dosage, grinding wheel characteristics, material characteristic parameter and be coated with layer microstructure etc.) is to the rule that influences of the grindability index of nanostructured ceramic coating accurate grinding; In conjunction with patterns such as the SEM observation on grinding rear surface/surface, Asia, fully disclose the Material Removal Mechanism of nanostructured ceramic coating accurate grinding; Produce the critical grinding condition model of transversal crack and median crack during material is removed when setting up the grinding of nanostructured ceramic coating; The grinding physical model of the sub-surface damage degree of depth (the median crack degree of depth) quantitative relationship after foundation reflection grinding parameter and grinding force, the grinding.By these work, disclose the grinding principle of nanostructured ceramic coating accurate grinding, make up the basic theory of nanostructured ceramic coating material accurate grinding.
The grinding process of efficient low damage grinding nanostructured ceramic coating (n-WC/12Co) material provided by the invention is as follows:
At first adopt coarse plain emery wheel to roughly grind, grinding dosage is a
p=30～60 μ m, V
w〉=30mm/s, V
s〉=30m/s, spark-out (a
p=0) 2-4 time; Adopt the medium size emery wheel to carry out half correct grinding then, grinding dosage is a
p=15-20 μ m, V
w〉=30mm/s, V
s〉=30m/s, spark-out 2-4 time; Use the fine grinding wheel correct grinding at last, grinding dosage is a
p=1～2 μ m, V
w〉=30mm/s, V
s〉=30m/s, spark-out 2-3 time;
Described a
pBe the wheel grinding degree of depth, V
wBe workpiece feed speed, V
sBe speed of grinding wheel.
Described coarse plain emery wheel is coarse grit resin or vitrified bonding skive, as 80B or 80V emery wheel.
Described medium size emery wheel is than fine grit resin or vitrified bonding emery wheel, as 600B or 600V emery wheel.
Described fine grinding wheel is the fine grit resin bond wheel, as the W5 emery wheel.
Wheel grinding degree of depth a
pScope is used coarse grit resin or vitrified bonding skive (as 80B or 80V emery wheel), a in theory during corase grind
pCan get 1/3 value of emery wheel abrasive particle diameter D, but be subjected to single abrasive particle grinding force to influence a
p=30～60 μ m.When partly finish grinding, use than fine grit resin or vitrified bonding emery wheel (as 600B or 600V emery wheel), a
p=15-20 μ m.During correct grinding, use fine grit resin bond wheel (as the W5 emery wheel), a
p=1～2 μ m.
Total grinding allowance difference, the feed number of times of corase grind, half correct grinding and correct grinding is different, and its principle is to remove grinding allowance as much as possible in the corase grind stage, partly finish grindes general feed once, correct grinding feed about 3 times.Corase grind, half correct grinding and the spark-out (a in correct grinding stage
p=0) number of times is generally 2-4 time.
Workpiece feed speed V
pGenerally be not less than 30mm/s.
Speed of grinding wheel V
sThe maximum of selecting lathe as far as possible and being allowed.Fixed by lathe maximum (top) speed value and grinding wheel diameter, speed of grinding wheel equals the product of lathe maximum (top) speed value and emery wheel girth, V
s=n
sD
sπ, wherein, n
sBe grinding wheel speed (revolutions per second), D
sGrinding wheel diameter (rice).
Selecting a
pAnd V
wDuring these two parameters, generally get big V
w, select a again
pFinal value can be by equivalent grinding thickness a
e(a
e=a
pV
w/ V
s) span come fixed.
The normal grinding force of single abrasive particle should be less than the critical load value that produces grinding skin/sub-surface damage during correct grinding.
The normal grinding force of single abrasive particle becomes the one-variable linear regression relation substantially with equivalent grinding thickness.
f
gn＝f
gnb+C
gn(a
e)
f
GnAnd f
GnbBe respectively single abrasive particle normal grinding force and single abrasive particle normal direction is initially cut power (intercept) (N); C
GnFor coefficient (slope) (N/nm).f
GnbAnd C
GnRelevant with ceramic coating hardness, toughness, elastic modelling quantity and microstructure, also relevant with grinding wheel characteristics.
The generation of transversal crack and material property parameter, grinding condition are relevant.Below be theoretical prediction model:
Wherein k is the correction factor relevant with processing conditions.When average single the abrasive particle normal grinding force of emery wheel when producing the critical force of transversal crack, the inferior surface of machined material will produce transversal crack.
For the accurate grinding of n-WC/12Co coating material, produce the critical grinding condition model of meta/radial cracking, i.e. critical load P
*Mathematic(al) representation as follows:
P
*＝885×C
m×(K
c 4/H
3)
In the formula: C
mBe the parameter relevant with actual grinding condition.
Other technical essential:
1. before the grinding, emery wheel is carried out dynamic and static balance adjustment, eliminate the imbalance of emery wheel.
2. select for use high rigidity grinding machine to avoid producing flutter in the process.In general, select the grinding machine (rigidity be not less than 50N/ μ m better) of higher stiffness for use.
3. select for use high-precision grinder to avoid causing machining damage because of main axis jerking.In general, the grinding machine spindle of selecting for use must not beat greater than 0.1 micron.
4. wait emery wheel to reach after certain durability value, eliminate surface of the work by the relevant ripple that workpiece and emery wheel produce, avoid the revival should by shaping and dressing.
5. for different hard brittle materials, grinding also is not quite similar to the degree of injury that it causes.Under identical condition, the macrolesion degree of depth is more little more for the fragility of material; Otherwise the more little lesion depths of material fragility is big more, and the fragility of lesion depths and material is inversely proportional to.On the other hand, damage density is directly proportional with the fragility of material.The material that fragility is big more, damage density is also big more, and vice versa.That is to say that under same processing conditions, the material that fragility is big can form machining damage a large amount of but that the degree of depth is less, the material that fragility is little then can form machining damage a spot of but that the degree of depth is bigger.This discovery has directive significance and realistic meaning for the high efficiency of the hard brittle material that comprises the nanostructured ceramic coating material, low damage processing.For the big workpiece material of fragility, even increase grinding dosage, the increase of the sub-surface damage degree of depth is limited.Yet, for the little material of fragility, can not use big grinding dosage simply, otherwise can cause serious sub-surface damage, reduce the crudy of workpiece.Adopt big grinding dosage to improve working (machining) efficiency if desired, then must use following process so that remove the caused machining damage of process of preceding working procedure.
Based on such technology, after the grinding, the surface roughness of n-WC/12Co coating test specimen reaches below the 0.05 μ m, the grinding skin/no macroscopic cracking in surface, Asia, and also grinding efficiency is higher, and can reach unit interval unit's grinding wheel width during corase grind is 0.9mm except that rate
3/ s.mm.
In sum, the present invention be a kind of under the prerequisite that obtains good geometric accuracy and surface quality the accurate grinding technology of the nanostructured ceramic coating material of working (machining) efficiency height, low cost of manufacture.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The grinding process of efficient low damage grinding nanostructured ceramic coating (n-WC/12Co) material is as follows, and establishing total grinding allowance is 60 μ m.
Use surface grinding machine with horizontal spindle and rectangular table grinding plane workpiece, at first adopt the 80B coarse plain emery wheel to roughly grind, grinding dosage is a
p=30 μ m, V
w=30mm/s, V
s=31.4m/s (speed of grinding wheel spindle is got maximum 3000rpm, grinding wheel diameter 200mm), feed twice, spark-out (a
p=0) 2 time; Adopt 600B medium size emery wheel to carry out half correct grinding (semifinishing) then, grinding dosage is a
p=15 μ m, V
w=30mm/s, V
s=31.4m/s, feed number of times are 1 time, spark-out 2 times; Use W5 fine grinding wheel correct grinding at last, grinding dosage is a
p=1 μ m, V
w=30mm/s, V
s=31.4m/s, feed number of times are 4 times, spark-out 2 times.
After the grinding, the surface roughness of n-WC/12Co coating test specimen reaches below the 0.05 μ m, the grinding skin/no macroscopic cracking in surface, Asia, and also grinding efficiency is higher, and can reach unit interval unit's grinding wheel width during corase grind is 0.9mm except that rate
3/ s.mm.
Embodiment 2:
The grinding process of efficient low damage grinding nanostructured ceramic coating (n-WC/12Co) material is as follows, and establishing total grinding allowance is 180 μ m.
Use surface grinding machine with horizontal spindle and rectangular table grinding plane workpiece, at first adopt the 80V emery wheel to roughly grind, grinding dosage is a
p=60 μ m, V
w=30mm/s, V
s=31.4m/s (speed of grinding wheel spindle is got maximum 3000rpm, grinding wheel diameter 200mm), feed three times, spark-out (a
p=0) 4 time; Adopt 600V medium size emery wheel to carry out half correct grinding (semifinishing) then, grinding dosage is a
p=20 μ m, V
w=30mm/s, V
s=31.4m/s, feed number of times are 1 time, spark-out 4 times; Use W5 fine grinding wheel correct grinding at last, grinding dosage is a
p=2 μ m, V
w=30mm/s, V
s=31.4m/s, feed number of times are 4 times, spark-out 3 times.
After the grinding, the surface roughness of n-WC/12Co coating test specimen reaches below the 0.05 μ m, the grinding skin/no macroscopic cracking in surface, Asia, and also grinding efficiency is higher, and can reach unit interval unit's grinding wheel width during corase grind is 0.9mm except that rate
3/ s.mm.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of accurate grinding technology of nanostructured ceramic coating material is characterized in that grinding process is as follows: at first adopt coarse plain emery wheel to roughly grind, grinding dosage is a
p=30～60 μ m, V
w〉=30mm/s, V
s〉=30m/s, spark-out 2-4 time; Adopt the medium size emery wheel to carry out half correct grinding then, grinding dosage is a
p=15-20 μ m, V
w〉=30mm/s, V
s〉=30m/s, spark-out 2-4 time; Use the fine grinding wheel correct grinding at last, grinding dosage is a
p=1～2 μ m, V
w〉=30mm/s, V
s〉=30m/s, spark-out 2-3 time;
Above-mentioned a
pBe the wheel grinding degree of depth, V
wBe workpiece feed speed, V
sBe speed of grinding wheel.
2, the accurate grinding technology of nanostructured ceramic coating material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: selecting a
pAnd V
wDuring these two parameters, generally get big V
w, select a again
p, final value can be by equivalent grinding thickness a
e=a
pV
w/ V
sSpan come fixed.
3, the accurate grinding technology of nanostructured ceramic coating material according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: according to total grinding allowance difference, the feed number of times of corase grind, half correct grinding and correct grinding is different, its principle is to remove grinding allowance as much as possible in the corase grind stage, partly finish grind general feed once, correct grinding feed about 3 times.
4, the accurate grinding technology of nanostructured ceramic coating material according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described coarse plain emery wheel is coarse grit resin or vitrified bonding skive, as 80B or 80V emery wheel.
5, the accurate grinding technology of nanostructured ceramic coating material according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described medium size emery wheel is than fine grit resin or vitrified bonding emery wheel, as 600B or 600V emery wheel.
6, the accurate grinding technology of nanostructured ceramic coating material according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described fine grinding wheel is the fine grit resin bond wheel, as the W5 emery wheel.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410023027 CN1289262C (en) | 2004-03-29 | 2004-03-29 | Accurate grinding technique for nano structured material in ceramic coat |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410023027 CN1289262C (en) | 2004-03-29 | 2004-03-29 | Accurate grinding technique for nano structured material in ceramic coat |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1289262C CN1289262C (en) | 2006-12-13 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101851488A (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-06 | 三河市科大博德粉末有限公司 | Ceramic bond diamond grinding block and manufacturing method thereof |
| US7997953B2 (en) | 2005-04-04 | 2011-08-16 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Precision machining method |
| CN106378495A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-02-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Gear precision machining method based on tooth surface low stress control |
| CN106424967A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-02-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | Grinding parameter optimizing method based on aviation gear tooth face grinding burns |
| CN110295341A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-10-01 | 广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司 | A kind of aluminum alloy materials and its surface treatment method and application |
| CN110788707A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-14 | 江苏大学 | Method for improving piezoelectric property and mechanical property of piezoelectric ceramic by grinding |
| CN113695996A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-11-26 | 芜湖长信新型显示器件有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted 3D glass display cover plate edge grinding head and edge grinding method thereof |
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2004
- 2004-03-29 CN CN 200410023027 patent/CN1289262C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7997953B2 (en) | 2005-04-04 | 2011-08-16 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Precision machining method |
| CN101851488A (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-06 | 三河市科大博德粉末有限公司 | Ceramic bond diamond grinding block and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN106378495A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-02-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Gear precision machining method based on tooth surface low stress control |
| CN106424967A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-02-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | Grinding parameter optimizing method based on aviation gear tooth face grinding burns |
| CN106424967B (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2018-08-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of development of grinding parameter optimization model method based on Aeronautical Gears flank of tooth grinding burn control |
| CN110295341A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-10-01 | 广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司 | A kind of aluminum alloy materials and its surface treatment method and application |
| CN110295341B (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2022-03-04 | 广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司 | Aluminum alloy material and surface treatment method and application thereof |
| CN110788707A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-14 | 江苏大学 | Method for improving piezoelectric property and mechanical property of piezoelectric ceramic by grinding |
| CN113695996A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-11-26 | 芜湖长信新型显示器件有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted 3D glass display cover plate edge grinding head and edge grinding method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1289262C (en) | 2006-12-13 |
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