CN1558225A - Ultrasonic monitoring method and device for dirt discharge of insulator - Google Patents
Ultrasonic monitoring method and device for dirt discharge of insulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN1558225A CN1558225A CNA2004100126523A CN200410012652A CN1558225A CN 1558225 A CN1558225 A CN 1558225A CN A2004100126523 A CNA2004100126523 A CN A2004100126523A CN 200410012652 A CN200410012652 A CN 200410012652A CN 1558225 A CN1558225 A CN 1558225A
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Abstract
The present invention is ultrasonic monitoring method and device for foul discharge of insulator. Focusing paraboloid sound sensor is aligned to measured insulator to obtain the ultrasonic signal the insulator produces during foul discharge; and the signal is amplified, filtered and processed into digital signal; the digital signal is further processed to judge the strength of foul discharge in the insulator; and the pre-warning signal of foul discharge in the insulator is sent via the communication circuit. The present invention realizes on-line monitoring, is safe, reliable, suitable for all kinds of insulator, simple in installation and operation and low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the electrical equipment malfunction diagnostic field, particularly a kind of insulator contamination discharge ultrasonic monitoring method and device.
Technical background
Insulator is one of maximum and of paramount importance element of quantity in the electric system, and crucial status is arranged in electric system.The solid suspension particulate that exists in the air can be deposited on the surface of insulator, and the formation pollution layer that accumulates over a long period is when running into weather conditions such as drizzle, mist, dew; after making moist, filth forms very thin conductive layer; the dielectric level of insulator is descended, cause insulator arc-over, be called pollution flashover.Pollution flashover is very harmful to operation of power networks, and is on the rise along with the raising of industrial expansion and transmission voltage.Up to now, the large-area power-cuts that the large tracts of land pollution flashover causes all took place in six big electrical networks, had not only caused enormous economic loss, and produced the negative social influence.
At present, main both at home and abroad equivalent salt density method, electrical conductivity method and the leakage current method of adopting carried out the insulator contamination monitoring, the operation of equivalent salt density method and electrical conductivity method is complicated and can not on-line monitoring, can not monitor the insulator contamination degree in real time, the leakage current method need be loaded onto collector ring, current sensor etc., complicated operation to insulator, workload is big, and on-the-spot installation and maintenance is also inconvenient, so these three kinds of methods also can't satisfy the requirement of work on the spot.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the problem of the deficiencies in the prior art and existence, and proposition insulator contamination discharge ultrasonic monitoring method and apparatus, promptly utilization sound is accepted technology, and the ultrasonic signal that sends during by the discharge of monitoring insulator contamination is realized the monitoring of insulator contamination discharge and the early warning of pollution flashover.
Purpose of the present invention realizes by following method and apparatus:
Insulator contamination discharge ultrasonic monitoring method is characterized in that adopting the parabolic sonic transducer of focusing to aim at tested insulator direction, obtains the ultrasonic signal of insulator contamination discharge generation; Processing such as the signal that sonac is obtained amplifies, filtering also is converted to digital signal; Signal is handled, judged the strong and weak degree of insulator contamination discharge; Send the early warning information of insulator contamination discharge by telecommunication circuit.
Aforesaid monitoring method is characterized in that described telecommunication circuit has two kinds of working methods, in densely distributed workplace, monitoring points such as transformer station, generating plant, adopts the bus working method, with data transmission to monitoring center; In the sparse workplace of distribution, monitoring points such as transmission line of electricity, adopt wireless communication mode, with the handheld terminal of data transmission to the track walker.
When the insulator contamination discharge takes place, be accompanied by the appearance that discharge has physical phenomenons such as electromagnetic wave, sound wave, light wave and heat.When insulator does not discharge, no sound wave signal emission.Along with the development of insulator contamination degree of discharge, discharge progressively strengthens, and the sound wave emissions signal grows out of nothing, change from weak to strong, its frequency range at 10KH to several megahertzes.Therefore, by detecting the acoustic signals that insulator contamination discharges and produced, just can monitor the harm of the strong and weak and judgement of filthy discharge to insulation;
Insulator contamination discharge ultrasonic monitoring device is characterized in that being made of the parabolic sonic transducer of focusing, pre-amplification circuit, filtering circuit, secondary amplification circuit, data acquisition circuit, signal processing circuit, telecommunication circuit; Wherein:
The input end of pre-amplification circuit connects the output terminal that focuses on parabolic sonic transducer, the input end of filtering circuit connects the output terminal of pre-amplification circuit, the output terminal of filtering circuit connects the input end of secondary amplification circuit, the control end of secondary amplification circuit connects single-chip microcomputer, the output terminal of secondary amplification circuit connects the input end of data acquisition circuit, the output terminal of data acquisition circuit connects the input end of signal processing circuit, and the output terminal of signal processing circuit connects the input end of telecommunication circuit.
Aforesaid monitoring device is characterized in that focusing on parabolic sonic transducer and is made of piezoelectric ceramic wafer and focusing parabolic reflector, and the wafer oscillation frequency is 20-60kHz.
Aforesaid monitoring device is characterized in that the wafer oscillation frequency is 40kHz.
Aforesaid monitoring device, the vibration mode that it is characterized in that wafer is a flextensional mode.This pattern can have higher sensitivity.
The present invention has the following advantages and good effect:
1. discharge does not also have effective on-line monitoring method and practical monitoring device for insulator contamination at present, and this method can be filled up the blank of this respect;
2. this monitoring method need not with high-tension apparatus contacting on electric arranged, and is therefore safe and reliable, can not cause any harm to equipment and staff;
3. this monitoring method need not insulator is carried out any transformation and change, so be applicable to the insulator of type, range of application is very extensive;
4. installation of this monitoring device and operation are all simple, are accepted by the staff easily and grasp;
5. this method cost is low, is easy to promote.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is insulator contamination discharge ultrasonic monitoring theory diagram.
Fig. 2 is a ultrasonic monitoring device principle of work block diagram.
1-insulator among the figure, 2-focuses on parabolic sonic transducer, 3-observation circuit, 3.1-pre-amplification circuit, 3.2-filtering circuit, 3.3-secondary amplification circuit, 3.4-data acquisition circuit, 3.5-data processing circuit, 3.6-telecommunication circuit, 4-terminal.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example principle of work of the present invention is described further.
Theoretical research points out that the discharge process of pollution flashover can be divided into three phases.Initial period, dry section is big, and the voltage ratio on the unit length is lower, and the electric field intensity deficiency is so that air ionization produces shelf depreciation, and leakage current generally is no more than the hundreds of microampere; Subordinate phase, if humidity increases, perhaps there is superpotential to produce, make the electric field intensity of dry section increase to the air ionization that makes this region surface and shelf depreciation takes place, this moment, electrical discharge arc had the volt-ampere characteristic of rising, the resistance of discharge channel increases along with the development of shelf depreciation electric arc, thereby leakage current is reduced.Simultaneously, by the dry section of the electric arc short circuit moistening recovery electric conductivity that becomes again, electrical discharge arc disappears then.If external condition is constant, whole process will constantly repeat down.In this case, leakage current has only several milliamperes or tens milliamperes usually, and insulator moves in this case and is safe from danger; Phase III, if humidity and voltage continue to increase, shelf depreciation electric arc will have the volt-ampere characteristic of decline, and this shelf depreciation is called as local flashover.In this case, leakage current is approximately the hundreds of milliampere, and pollution flashover just takes place probably.
From the discharge process of pollution flashover as can be seen, from subordinate phase, insulator surface generation shelf depreciation.Theoretical and experimental result shows that all the shelf depreciation process is attended by the generation of physical phenomenons such as electromagnetic wave, sound wave, light wave and heat.The shelf depreciation process is actually the process that energy discharges suddenly, can produce pressure to medium on every side in view of macroscopic view, and this pressure makes air vibration, has just produced sound wave, i.e. the acoustic emission phenomenon that insulator contamination discharge causes.
When insulator does not discharge, no sound wave signal emission.Along with the development of insulator contamination discharge process degree, discharge progressively strengthens, and the sound wave emissions signal grows out of nothing, and changes from weak to strong.This acoustic signals can be considered point sound source, and the form with spherical wave in air dielectric is propagated towards periphery.Because the energy of this acoustic signals is the part that filthy discharge is released energy, and therefore, has quantitative relationship between sonic energy signal and the discharge energy, the amplitude of acoustic signals is directly proportional with the square root of discharge energy.Therefore, by detecting the amplitude of the acoustic signals that the insulator contamination discharge produced, just can monitor the strong and weak of filthy discharge and judge harm insulating.
Use one to focus on tested insulator 1 direction of parabolic sonic transducer 2 alignings, obtain the ultrasonic signal of insulator contamination discharge generation, make parabolic sonic transducer 2 of focusing and observation circuit 3 realize impedance matchings by pre-amplification circuit 3.1, obtain bigger signal, wave circuit 3.2 is removed after the industrial frequency noise after filtration again, signal is amplified by secondary amplification circuit, the enlargement factor of secondary amplification is by the feedback signal control of data processing circuit, make signal be amplified to a suitable level, signal is converted to digital signal through signal acquisition circuit 3.3, analyze by data processing circuit 3.4, handle, judge the strong and weak degree of insulator contamination discharge, analysis result sends by telecommunication circuit 3.5, is transferred to terminal 4, the strong and weak degree and the development trend that reflect insulator arc-over realize the early warning of insulator contamination discharge.
Embodiments of the invention: the filth discharge ultrasonic monitoring device of a string 110kV suspended insulator.
Focus on parabolic sonic transducer and be made of PZT-5 piezoelectric ceramic wafer and focusing parabolic reflector, the wafer oscillation frequency is 40kHz, and vibration mode is a flextensional mode.
Pre-amplification circuit 3.1, filtering circuit 3.2, secondary amplification circuit 3.3 is made of Analogical Electronics and digital circuit, data acquisition circuit 3.4, data processing circuit 3.5, telecommunication circuit 3.6 is made of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, by terminal 4 software programmings, carries out data processing, the strong and weak degree and the development trend that reflect insulator arc-over realize the early warning of insulator contamination discharge.
Pre-amplification circuit 3.1 is made of AD524, realizes the impedance matching of sensor and circuit.
Six rank Chebyshev's bandpass filter that filtering circuit 3.2 adopts MAX274 to constitute, centre frequency 40kHz, passband is 35kHz～45kHz.
Secondary amplification circuit 3.3 constitutes an exponential amplifier by AD524, and the decay that produces when realization is propagated in air signal compensates.
Data acquisition circuit 3.4 and data processing circuit 3.5 are made of the Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system that with 80C32 is core, save as 256K in the data-carrier store RAM.
Adopt the RS-232 serial communication interface to carry out data transmission between single-chip microcomputer and the computing machine.
Claims (6)
1, insulator contamination discharge ultrasonic monitoring method is characterized in that adopting the parabolic sonic transducer of focusing to aim at tested insulator direction, obtains the ultrasonic signal of insulator contamination discharge generation; Processing such as the signal that sonac is obtained amplifies, filtering also is converted to digital signal; Signal is handled, judged the strong and weak degree of insulator contamination discharge; Send the early warning information of insulator contamination discharge by telecommunication circuit.
2, monitoring method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described telecommunication circuit has two kinds of working methods, in densely distributed workplace, monitoring points such as transformer station, generating plant, adopts the bus working method, with data transmission to monitoring center; In the sparse workplace of distribution, monitoring points such as transmission line of electricity, adopt wireless communication mode, with the handheld terminal of data transmission to the track walker.
3, insulator contamination discharge ultrasonic monitoring device is characterized in that being made of the parabolic sonic transducer of focusing, pre-amplification circuit, filtering circuit, secondary amplification circuit, data acquisition circuit, signal processing circuit, telecommunication circuit; Wherein:
The input end of pre-amplification circuit connects the output terminal that focuses on parabolic sonic transducer, the input end of filtering circuit connects the output terminal of pre-amplification circuit, the output terminal of filtering circuit connects the input end of secondary amplification circuit, the control end of secondary amplification circuit connects single-chip microcomputer, the output terminal of secondary amplification circuit connects the input end of data acquisition circuit, the output terminal of data acquisition circuit connects the input end of signal processing circuit, and the output terminal of signal processing circuit connects the input end of telecommunication circuit.
4, monitoring device as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that focusing on parabolic sonic transducer and is made of piezoelectric ceramic wafer and focusing parabolic reflector, and the wafer oscillation frequency is 20-60kHz.
5, monitoring device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that the wafer oscillation frequency is 40kHz.
6, as claim 4,5 described monitoring devices, the vibration mode that it is characterized in that wafer is a flextensional mode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2004100126523A CN1296707C (en) | 2004-01-13 | 2004-01-13 | Ultrasonic monitoring method and device for dirt discharge of insulator |
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| CNB2004100126523A CN1296707C (en) | 2004-01-13 | 2004-01-13 | Ultrasonic monitoring method and device for dirt discharge of insulator |
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| CN1558225A true CN1558225A (en) | 2004-12-29 |
| CN1296707C CN1296707C (en) | 2007-01-24 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101907607A (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2010-12-08 | 天津市科远系统工程有限公司 | Method for detecting defect of porcelain strut insulator |
| CN102360059A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-02-22 | 上海市电力公司 | Power transmission and distribution line partial discharge fault on-line detection method and apparatus thereof |
| CN102937693A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-20 | 广州供电局有限公司 | External insulation strength discriminating method and system of contaminated insulators based on acoustic emission signals |
| CN112130035A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-25 | 国网福建省电力有限公司检修分公司 | Insulator discharge sound wave and electromagnetic wave detection method and device based on unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN113341277A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-09-03 | 云南电网有限责任公司临沧供电局 | Insulator fault assessment method based on multi-frequency ultrasonic waves and experimental platform thereof |
| CN113642714A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-12 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | Insulator pollution discharge state identification method and system based on small sample learning |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102297872A (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2011-12-28 | 河南省电力公司郑州供电公司 | Insulator contamination live line detector based on microwave irradiation principle |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3128061A1 (en) * | 1981-07-16 | 1983-02-03 | Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft Ag Hamburg Und Kiel, 2300 Kiel | Method for locating faults on electrical conductors |
| JPH0346577A (en) * | 1989-07-14 | 1991-02-27 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | Accident point detecting method for overhead transmission line |
| JP3316431B2 (en) * | 1997-10-22 | 2002-08-19 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Fault detector for transmission and distribution lines |
-
2004
- 2004-01-13 CN CNB2004100126523A patent/CN1296707C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101907607A (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2010-12-08 | 天津市科远系统工程有限公司 | Method for detecting defect of porcelain strut insulator |
| CN102360059A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-02-22 | 上海市电力公司 | Power transmission and distribution line partial discharge fault on-line detection method and apparatus thereof |
| CN102937693A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-20 | 广州供电局有限公司 | External insulation strength discriminating method and system of contaminated insulators based on acoustic emission signals |
| CN112130035A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-25 | 国网福建省电力有限公司检修分公司 | Insulator discharge sound wave and electromagnetic wave detection method and device based on unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN112130035B (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2024-04-16 | 国网福建省电力有限公司检修分公司 | Unmanned aerial vehicle-based insulator discharge sound wave and electromagnetic wave detection method and equipment |
| CN113341277A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-09-03 | 云南电网有限责任公司临沧供电局 | Insulator fault assessment method based on multi-frequency ultrasonic waves and experimental platform thereof |
| CN113642714A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-12 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | Insulator pollution discharge state identification method and system based on small sample learning |
| CN113642714B (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2024-02-09 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | Insulator pollution discharge state identification method and system based on small sample learning |
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| CN1296707C (en) | 2007-01-24 |
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