CN1554803A - Method and its device for preparing cutter by laser coating composite ceramic layer - Google Patents
Method and its device for preparing cutter by laser coating composite ceramic layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN1554803A CN1554803A CNA2003101116261A CN200310111626A CN1554803A CN 1554803 A CN1554803 A CN 1554803A CN A2003101116261 A CNA2003101116261 A CN A2003101116261A CN 200310111626 A CN200310111626 A CN 200310111626A CN 1554803 A CN1554803 A CN 1554803A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to method and apparatus for making cutter with laser coated composite ceramic layer, belongs to the field of ceramic coating on metal surface, and aims at lowering cutter manufacturing cost while prolonging the service life of cutter. The cutter making process includes applying hard alloy powder to the surface of cutter base, applying mechanical pressure, preheating, and laser treating after or while applying the hard alloy powder. The cutter made may be chemical fiber cutter, milling cutter or trimming cutter. One of the cutter making apparatus includes bench, special fixture, electromagnetic coil and laser processing system. The other cutter making apparatus includes bench, chuck, powder blowing feeder and laser processing system. The present invention has high coating quality, less heat deformation, high production efficiency and other advantages.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the stupalith field, particularly the metallic surface field of ceramic coatings.
Background technology
Extensively adopt stupalith to make ceramic tool at present, stupalith adopts binding agent to be connected usually with cutter (cutter base) combination or adopts methods such as hot pressing or sinter molding.The chemical fibre cutter knife is the cutting off tool during regenerated fiber and synthon are produced, the productivity effect that quality that chemical fibre cuts off and cost directly influence staple fibre.It is to adopt the L135 Wimet that the producer of present domestic production staple fibre uses Luo Mu Si cutter knife, Luo Mu Si cutter knife mostly, integral sintered, last grinding-shaping, but this cost of charp tool height, price is more expensive, and cutter knife is installed on the circular hollow knife rest, 56 every pair, because cutter blade quick abrasion, the cutter consumption is big.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides method and device thereof that a kind of laser cladding composite ceramic layer prepares cutter, adopt carbon steel to make the cutter base to replace former Wimet blade, can reduce expensive Hardmetal materials like this, to reduce the cost of manufacture of chemical fibre cutter knife, the work-ing life of improving the chemical fibre cutter knife.
A kind of laser cladding composite ceramic layer of the present invention prepares the method for cutter, is made up of the following steps order: (1). and the cemented carbide powder of choosing cobalt, nickel-based series is made the material of main part of laser cladding, chooses the cutter base that carbon steel is made chemical fibre cutter knife or milling cutter;
(2). adopt unit clamp, described powdered alloy is preset in cutter knife cutter primary surface, apply mechanical pressure, make powder securely attached on the cutter base, coat-thickness is 1.2-2.0mm, thermal pretreatment then;
Or adopt powder feeder that described powdered alloy is sent on the cutter base, on one side powder feeding laser irradiation on one side coating;
(3). laser cladding processing, laser beam power 1.0-3.0kw, laser beam spot diameter 1.5-5.0mm, sweep velocity 2.0-20mm/s, shielding gas are Ar or N
2
(4). postorder processing: comprise and be processed into chemical fibre cutter knife or milling cutter size and reconditioning blade.
Described laser cladding composite ceramic layer prepares the method for cutter, can add 20～35%Tic, 6～8%Tac and 1～2%Al in cobalt that laser cladding is used, carbide alloy of nickel-base powder
2O
3, 0.5～1%SiO
2, 0.05～0.1%Y
2O
3And 0.5～1%Al, carry out other steps again.
Described laser cladding composite ceramic layer prepares the method for cutter, and it is further characterized in that the molten bath district to laser cladding applies electromagnetic field, promptly adopts the induction stirring auxiliary laser deposited.
A kind of laser cladding device of the present invention, be used for the method that the deposited composite ceramic layer of above-mentioned employing induction stirring auxiliary laser prepares cutter, it comprises worktable and places the unit clamp of the fore-put powder on the worktable, the unit clamp both sides are provided with solenoid, the unit clamp top is a laser-processing system, and worktable is done the directions X translation by driven by motor; Described unit clamp is made up of Baltimore groove, cushion block and wedge shape briquetting in it.
Another kind of laser cladding device of the present invention, be used for the method that the laser cladding composite ceramic layer prepares cutter, it comprises worktable, place chuck assembly on the worktable, be positioned at the powder blowing feeder and the laser-processing system of chuck assembly one side, chuck assembly is made up of protractor and thread jaw chuck, laser-processing system is positioned at chuck assembly and powder blowing feeder top, and worktable is done the directions X translation by driven by motor.
The coating structure and the existing technology that are obtained by laser cladding technology provided by the invention, fractography as plasma spray and former chemical fibre cutter knife whole hard alloy has obvious difference, laser cladding organize grain refining, the crystal grain of the whole hard alloy of more former cutter knife and plasma body surfacing is much smaller, hard wherein comprises that mutually Tic and Tac compound are also very fine and close, and be the disperse shape and be distributed in the interdendritic, because the auxilliary electromagnetic field that adds in the molten area of laser cladding, laser molten pool is carried out induction stirring, make and organize more refinement and more even behind the laser cladding, and can effectively prevent crackle.
The laser cladding blade helps improving blade place hardness, toughness intensity and antifatigue tear strength, its hardness value is between HV1250-HV1400, the structure refinement of blade and high rigidity can improve 1-2 doubly with the wear resistance of blade, and ceramic coating layer and cutter film-substrate binding strength are big.
In sum, the present invention has following advantage: 1. the laser cladding coating quality is good, imporosity, crackle.2. the heat affected zone in laser cladding district is few, distortion is little.3. laser cladding speed is fast, the production efficiency height.4. powdered alloy utilization ratio height, consumption is few, and only limit is coated in the blade place.5. pollution-free, harmless.6. cost is low, and after the chemical fibre cutter knife of former employing whole hard alloy was prepared the replacement of chemical fibre cutter knife by the laser cladding composite ceramic coat, in the work-ing life of both having improved cutter, the cutter cost of manufacture only was half of former chemical fibre cutter knife.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a laser cladding chemical fibre cutter knife device synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the unit clamp synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 is a laser cladding edge of milling cutter device synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
The present invention has selected the carbon tungsten alloy powder of cobalt, nickel-based series for use, and powder size is the 100-300 order, in addition, must add the carbide (as Tic and Tac etc.) that helps improving coating hardness and pyro-oxidation resistance and oxide ceramics again (as Al
2O
3, SiO
2Deng) and increase its mobile metallic element (as Al etc.).Make composite ceramic powder that 1. fine self-fluxing nature and metallurgical performance be arranged, in the laser cladding process, enough flowabilities and antioxidant property are arranged.2. formed ceramic composite coating has high rigidity and high-wearing feature.3. the weave construction of composite ceramic layer has secular thermostability.
Preset ceramic powder two kinds of ways arranged:
(a) adopt unit clamp, ceramic mixed powder is placed on the carbon steel blade (cutter base), the powder thickness on the cutter base is 1.8-2mm, adopt then the mechanical compaction method with powder compression on blade to treat laser cladding.This method is suitable for the mixed powder granularity more than 200 orders, easily produces defectives such as hole when the laser cladding for fear of binding agent method fore-put powder.Thermal pretreatment then, it is preheating 30 minutes under 80 ℃ of temperature that the carbon steel cutter base that has preset powder is placed temperature.
(b) adopt powder feeder air blowing method that powder is sent into the cutter primary surface, this method is that powder feeding and laser radiation coating are carried out simultaneously.This method is suitable for the mixed powder granularity below 200 orders.
Laser is coated with (melting) and applies processing, the blade (base) that presets or be blown into powder is placed on the platform of motion in one dimension, by adjusting CO
2The laser beam light path makes the fore-put powder place on the accurate perpendicular alignmnet cutter of the laser beam base, to guarantee the needing zone of coating to drop on the laser radiation district just, does the directions X translation by the driven by motor platform.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is a chemical fibre cutter knife laser cladding device synoptic diagram provided by the present invention, worktable 2 and the unit clamp 3 that places the fore-put powder on the worktable 2 are being housed on the base 1, unit clamp 3 both sides are provided with solenoid 4, unit clamp 3 tops are laser-processing system 5, worktable 2 is driven by motor 6 and does the directions X translation, fore-put powder unit clamp 3 is made up of Baltimore groove 3-1, cushion block 3-2 and wedge shape briquetting 3-3 as shown in Figure 2.
Select the 2-3kw continuous CO that flows over for use
2Laser apparatus, optical maser wavelength are 10.6 μ m, and beam mode is that multimode is selected the above cobalt-based WC powdered alloy of 200 orders for use, by adding 25%Tic, 8%Tac, 1%Al
2O
3, 1%SiO
2, 0.05%Y
2O
3With 1%Al powder etc., and with mixed powder through the ball mill ball milling, it is even to make it powder mixes.
Adopt unit clamp, mixed powder is placed the thick Steel Spring Plate cutter primary surface of 2mm, mixed powder is preset at the cutter primary surface, and the cutter base that will preset powder was placed under 80 ℃ of temperature preheating 30 minutes by mechanical pressure.
Cutter base to be applied after the preheating is placed on the platform, by adjusting CO
2Laser beam makes laser accurately aim at fore-put powder on the cutter base, does the directions X translation by the driven by motor platform, makes the whole cutter base of laser beam irradiation length, finishes the whole process of laser cladding composite ceramic coat.
The processing parameter of laser cladding is:
Laser beam power: 1.4-1.6kw
Laser beam spot diameter: 1.8-2.2mm
Sweep velocity: 6-8mm/s
Shielding gas: Ar gas
Laser cladding thickness: 1-1.2mm
Electromagnetic agitation intensity: 500 Gausses
Select 100-150 purpose cobalt-based wolfram varbide and 20%Tic, 8%Tac, 2%Al for use
2O
3, 0.5%SiO
2, 0.1%Y
2O
3Mixed powder Deng compositions such as carbide, oxide compound and 0.5%Al.
The laser cladding composite ceramic coat prepares cutter and adopts the method for laser cladding on one side of powder feeding on one side, and its this method does not add electromagnetism and stirs, and all the other processes are identical with embodiment 1, and its processing parameter is:
Laser beam power: 1.6-1.8kw
Laser beam spot diameter: 2.0-2.5mm
Sweep velocity: 8-12mm/s
Shielding gas: Ar
Laser cladding thickness: 0.8-1.0mm
Adopt laser cladding 9CrSi material preparation edge of milling cutter, the device of the blade of concrete laser cladding milling cutter is seen Fig. 3, it comprises worktable 7, places the chuck assembly on the worktable, the chuck motor 11 of chuck assembly one side, the powder blowing feeder 12 that is positioned at the chuck assembly opposite side and laser-processing system 13, chuck assembly is made up of protractor 9 and thread jaw chuck 10, laser-processing system is positioned at chuck assembly and powder blowing feeder 12 tops, and worktable 7 is driven by worktable motor 8 and does the directions X translation.
The laser cladding powder adopts inorganic resin (or organic) binding agent that mixed powder is transferred to into pasty state, is coated in the circular knife land powder place of milling cutter, sees accompanying drawing, and the laser cladding process is:
Laser beam is aimed at milling cutter fore-put powder place, and milling cutter places on the platform anchor clamps, on one side milling cutter is done the translation of directions X straight line, milling cutter is rotated by driven by motor on the other hand, two synthetic volutions of motion, and consistent with the spiral-line of edge of milling cutter.
The laser cladding processing parameter is:
Laser beam power: 1.8-2.0kw
Laser spot diameter: 2.5-3.0mm
Sweep velocity: 8-10mm/s
Milling cutter laser cladding width and thickness are fixed by boss width and boss height, and reserve about monolateral mill amount 0.1mm.
Claims (5)
1. a laser cladding composite ceramic layer prepares the method for cutter, is made up of the following steps order:
(1). the cemented carbide powder of choosing cobalt, nickel-based series is made the material of main part of laser cladding, chooses the cutter base that carbon steel is made chemical fibre cutter knife or milling cutter;
(2). adopt unit clamp, described powdered alloy is preset in cutter knife cutter primary surface, apply mechanical pressure, make powder securely attached on the cutter base, coat-thickness is 1.20-2.0mm, thermal pretreatment then;
Or adopt powder feeder that described powdered alloy is sent on the cutter base, on one side powder feeding laser irradiation on one side coating;
(3). laser cladding processing, laser beam power 1.0-3.0kw, laser beam spot diameter 1.5-5.0mm, sweep velocity 2.0-20mm/s, shielding gas are Ar or N
2
(4). postorder processing: comprise and be processed into chemical fibre cutter knife or milling cutter size and reconditioning blade.
2. laser cladding composite ceramic layer as claimed in claim 1 prepares the method for cutter, it is characterized in that adding 20～35%Tic, 6～8%Tac and 1～2%Al in cobalt that laser cladding uses, the carbide alloy of nickel-base powder
2O
3, 0.5～1%SiO
2, 0.05～0.1%Y
2O
3And 0.5～1%Al, carry out other steps again.
3. laser cladding composite ceramic layer as claimed in claim 1 prepares the method for cutter, it is characterized in that the molten bath district of laser cladding is applied electromagnetic field, promptly adopts the induction stirring auxiliary laser deposited.
4. laser cladding device, be used for the method that the described laser cladding composite ceramic layer of claim 3 prepares cutter, it is characterized in that it comprises worktable and the unit clamp that places the fore-put powder on the worktable, the unit clamp both sides are provided with solenoid, the unit clamp top is a laser-processing system, and worktable is done the directions X translation by driven by motor; Described unit clamp is made up of Baltimore groove, cushion block and wedge shape briquetting in it.
5. laser cladding device, be used for the method that claim 1 or 2 described laser cladding composite ceramic layers prepare cutter, it is characterized in that it comprises worktable, places chuck assembly on the worktable, is positioned at the powder blowing feeder and the laser-processing system of chuck assembly one side, chuck assembly is made up of protractor and thread jaw chuck, laser-processing system is positioned at chuck assembly and powder blowing feeder top, and worktable is done the directions X translation by driven by motor.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200310111626 CN1259452C (en) | 2003-12-22 | 2003-12-22 | Method and its device for preparing cutter by laser coating composite ceramic layer |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200310111626 CN1259452C (en) | 2003-12-22 | 2003-12-22 | Method and its device for preparing cutter by laser coating composite ceramic layer |
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| CN1554803A true CN1554803A (en) | 2004-12-15 |
| CN1259452C CN1259452C (en) | 2006-06-14 |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| CN102703898A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-10-03 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for refining solidified structure of laser cladding layer by using alternating magnetic field and device thereof |
| CN102922149A (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2013-02-13 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Electromagnetic stirring device |
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