CN1553064A - Mechanical stepless speed gear with equal angular speed and shape-position and high gear ratio - Google Patents

Abstract

A constant angular speed and synchro-positioning mechanical stepless gear with low paired and high gearing ratio is designed as infinitely gear with equally regular characteristics on theories of constant angular speed and synchro-positioning movement and constant angular speed and iso-directional and reversal speed regulation so as to dissolve the vital problem of traditional impulsive stepless gear. No weakness in the whole driving chain has equal bearing capacity and high load and shock resistance. The spatial structural series is flexible and can have driving shaft in all the directions. Its advantages include reasonable structure, easy operation, accurate and stability, and economical efficiency. Its main gearing system works at low-paired transmission, with high loading ability and outputs torque at low speed.

Description

Isogonism speed is with morpheme lower pair transmission ratio mechanical stepless transmission

Technical field

The utility model belongs to mechanical stepless transmission design and manufacturing technology field.

Background technique

But stepless speed variator is the speed change gear that a kind of continuous stepless changes velocity ratio, and its application area is very extensive, is specially adapted to: the changeable machine of (1) process parameter; (2) require rotating speed continually varying machine; (3) seek the equipment of optimum operating speed; (4) running speed between several operational unit in several or one equipment driven system of coordination; (5) slow starting: for machine with big inertia or starting under load, adopt after this stepless speed variator, can start by high pulling torque under nearly zero rotating speed, stepless change reaches rated speed under load, avoid excessive inertia loading, thereby can adopt lower-powered prime mover.

For mechanical stepless transmission, adopt friction driving in a large number, roughly there is following defective in it: 1, be difficult to obtain ultralow rotating speed output, slewing range is narrow; 2, there are defectives such as transmitting torque is little, through-put power is little; 3, bearing capacity is low, overload-resistant and impact resistance is relatively poor; 4, component processing and lubricating requirement is higher, the life-span short, structure, complex process, manufacture cost height; 5, sliding ratio is big, and mechanical efficiency is low; The also existence pulsation output and the power circuit non-continuous event that have.

For now: all friction type stepless speed changer transmission powers all need be leaned on big normal direction impacting force, cause each bearing load to strengthen, elasticity sliding motion between transmission body, how much sliding phenomenons are obvious, the effective surface of contact that is used for through-put power is little, is line contact or some contact in theory, and localized stress is big, when serious even cause working surface scratch or gummed, transmission efficiency is low, and transmitted power is limited, and the life-span is short.Slide plate chain stepless speed variator is present unique employing groove face sprocket wheel (tooth-like sprocket wheel) and the chain-type continuously variable transmission of slide plate chain with accurate engagement system transmitted power, it both had been different from engagement driving, be different from friction driving again, but marginal a kind of accurate engagement driving mode, have that sliding ratio is low, transmission is accurate, resistance to wear, the impact capacity advantages of higher, but this type of chain manufacture cost is higher relatively, the chain quality is bigger, restricted the further raising of motion speed, chaindriven in addition polygon effect can make output speed produce certain pulsation phenomenon.Pulse-type continuously variable transmission adopts the low counter gear of how much sealings, has reliable operation, bearing capacity height, the stable advantage of gearshift performance.Gear range is big, and minimum speed can be zero output, at the static or equal variable-speed of running state.Have advantages such as simple in structure, that volume is less, and manufacture cost is lower in addition.But: present impulse stepless gear box has several big deadly defects, restricting it develops to wider field: one, the pulsating nature of output makes it can't be used for the occasion that output uniformity is had relatively high expectations, although can select stream filtering reducing pulsation by the mate-assist of heterogeneous staggered superposition and free wheel device, and because the inertia factor of whole service system and the skip effect of free wheel device, the pulsation degree will reduce than theoretical value is obvious at output terminal, but this is a The apparent phenomenon, actual power circuit transmission is still by theoretical value and is pulse spacing form output, and the discontinuous of this power circuit is to cause impulse stepless gear box inefficient one big factor; Two, reciprocating organism component is restricting it and is striding forward to the high speed field in the pulsation speed variator, and the caused vibration of its unbalance inertia force and moment of inertia is obviously aggravation when high speed, and the dynamic load of its generation still causes the low major reason of mechanical efficiency; Three, the free wheel device as output mechanism is a friction driving member unique in the whole machine body, the a series of associated disadvantages that have friction driving equally, it is the weak link in the entire mechanism power transmission chain, its bearing capacity and impact resistance are relatively low, are restricting the jerk type stepless speed variator to high-power, efficient, high speed aspect development.Four, will there be the too much constraint that repeats in the initiating system for reducing the multiphase structure that degree of pulsation is provided with, cause the sensitivity of machine to error and working environment, efficient reduces, dynamic load increases, and the increasing of group phase also makes mechanism's amount, debugging mounting process complicated, and rate of fault increases, cost increases.

Summary of the invention

The utility model is reformed improvement at the shortcoming of above-mentioned existing stepless speed variator, on this basis, provide a class novel stepless speed variator, to satisfy, to adapt to the demand of modernized industrial demand, especially automotive industry, have and expanded at present most stepless speed variator function point concurrently, realized distinctive " non-friction type lower pair pulsating movement free is the super wide interval of zero passage at the uniform velocity " stepless change, belonged to a kind of large power high efficiency (approaching) mechanical stepless transmission of novel concept with gear-driven efficiency.

This patent has proposed a kind of new stepless change design direction, guiding theory, has opened up the exploratory development frontier, not only has practice and is worth, and also has theory directive significance

The technical solution of the utility model is as follows, its basic functional principle, instructs design philosophy to be:

Isogonism speed is with the morpheme motion principle---and rotating arbitrarily, (rotating center is on straight line pole place straight line separately, but except self axis rotation situation) straight line pole (bar or many bars), when its instant angle of rotation speed (absolute value) equated (or proportional), any point on the straight line pole (except the rotary middle point) (angle equals except the directions of 0 degree or 180 degree) on the direction that equates (containing complementation) and coplane (or equivalent coplane) with this straight line pole self angle the rule characteristic such as had and moves.

Annotate 1: equivalent coplane: be notion, that is: with the equal or complementary plane of dwang rotational plane angle separately at different dwangs." isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle " hereinafter is adapted to the motion and the speed change research of equivalent plane equally. Annotate 2: rotatablely moving of straight line pole can be any direction plane motion or the spatial motion of any point on self place straight line, as: plane pendulum motion, taper swinging momvement (when spin axis is vertical with straight line pole, are the plane pendulum motion; Be taper swinging momvement when spin axis and straight line pole out of plumb.Meaningless to the speed change research of this paper when spin axis and straight line pole angle equal 0 degree or 180 and spend, so except.); In fact: it is the set with infinitesimal plane pendulum motion of common turning point that taper swinging momvement can be considered, that is: the space taper swinging momvement can be decomposed into infinite infinitesimal plane pendulum motion, and the instant motion that the space circle conical pendulm goes up any point is plane motion.So present principles is applicable to spatial motion.

Hereinafter research emphatically: the motion conditions in the dwang rotational plane

Explanation of nouns 1:(annotates: relevant noun lexical or textual analysis is at this note in the lump, for hereinafter with reference)

The same morpheme of isogonism speed:--- Isogonism speed: instant angle of rotation speed (angular velocity absolute value) equates; Same morpheme: at the motion conditions in the dwang rotational plane: refer in a kind of moving direction feature that equates (containing complementation) with its dwang self angle, it is direction character at two or more motions, for example: two motions have with the morpheme characteristic, illustrate that promptly the moving direction of these two motions in dwang rotational plane separately equates with angle between the dwang.This notion also can be used for explaining the position relationship characteristic of inter-entity, as: this notion is also used in the position feature statement between shifting arm of hereinafter mentioning and the motion Transmission Part.

Instant constant angular velocity is rotated---the instant equal rotation of angle of rotation speed (absolute value).

Move etc. the rule characteristic(hereinafter referred " etc. characteristic motion ")---the motion that the motion change rule is identical, more popular theory that is: be at the uniform velocity, all at the uniform velocity; Want speed change, all speed change; Hereinafter refer to: on the dwang arbitrarily particle equal with the instant speed ratio on the morpheme direction each spot moving direction apart from the rotating center distance than motion feature; For speed changer, refer to arbitrary moment at work, the instant speed ratio of input output is constantly equal to a kind of speed change characteristic relation of current nominal velocity ratio, does not change original kinetic property after the speed change that is:, satisfy this relation, illustrate that then this gear has " etc. rule speed change characteristic ".

(annotate: speed, acceleration in this notion are all measured with scalar, do not relate to the vector motion directionality problem, and for example: speed, speed are explained same meaning).

Variable-speed dynamic arm, speed change resistance arm: consistent with lever moving arm, resistance arm notion, be the example explanation with Fig. 3: Speed change is moving The arm of force: speed change lever M rotary middle point is apart from straight line motion input component a axis of movement place crow flight distance; The speed change resistance arm: speed change lever M rotary middle point is apart from straight line motion output member b axis of movement place crow flight distance.Annotate: distinguish for the sake of simplicity, be defined as: linearly arrange and be one-piece type being referred to as Speed change lever, all the other are referred to as shifting arm; In like manner: be one-piece type but be also being referred to as of broken line relation Shifting armGeneral custom is said: back and forth be called in the speed change pattern Speed change lever, rotate in the speed change pattern continuously and be referred to as Shifting armIndicate simultaneously: " speed change lever, shifting arm " no essential distinction, it only is a kind of custom appellation of simple and clear visualize, have only " variable-speed dynamic arm, speed change resistance arm " just to have the notion on the physical significance to distinguish, " variable-speed dynamic arm, speed change resistance arm " is referred to as " effectively shifting arm ". Input, output variable speed arm: shifting arm drive end, driven end. Speed governing: the process that transmission ratio changes, with speed change be two different concepts, Speed change: the process that speed changes.

In general:, hereinafter study angular velocity emphatically and equate situation according to the use value principle.

As shown in Figure 1: m, n is the instant arbitrary line bar that equates angular seed that has that any point rotates on self place straight line in the space, arrow direction and straight-bar self angle theta all equates (seeing the other way around then for complementary) among the figure, at this moment, a point, b point, c point the rule characteristic such as have along the speed of the direction of arrow.

Can make up by above-mentioned principle--- Etc. characteristic stepless change theoretical model:

A:,, change lever length and can change this linear velocity when angular velocity one timing according to the lever amplification principle of dwang;

B: with the morpheme motion principle,,, the motion of rule characteristic such as just can obtain as long as satisfy with the morpheme characteristic for the dwang of instant constant angular velocity motion according to isogonism speed.

So, on one or several instant constant angular velocity dwangs, under the prerequisite that satisfies with the morpheme characteristic, position on the dwang of stepless change place, just can obtain stepless variation etc. rule characteristic line of motion speed.

As shown in Figure 2: M, M ', N, N ', L, the rotating shaft of L ' dwang are put continuous by the isogonism quick-mounting, has equal instant angular velocity, the direction of arrow that a on it, b, c, d, e, f, g, h are ordered has with the morpheme feature, so: rule characteristic line of motion speed such as have on the each point arrow direction, and speed size ratio equals the each point direction of arrow apart from the center of rotation distance, obvious, but position this linear velocity of stepless change then on the bar of stepless change each point place.

Characteristic stepless change models such as structure: appoint a point get among Fig. 2 and along its arrow direction as a uniform motion in a straight line input point, then the arrow direction of ordering at b, c, d, e, f, g, h will have uniform motion in a straight line output, and the position then can obtain the uniform motion in a straight line output (this pattern can be used for many velocity ratios, multi-output shaft and power and stream, shunts the application) of the stepless variation of velocity ratio on the bar of stepless change each point place.

As shown in Figure 3: a is the straight line motion input component, b, c is the straight line motion output member, a wherein, the b movement locus is parallel to each other, and in the motion moment as shown in the figure, a, b, c three's movement locus just in time equates with speed change lever M angle, obvious: b this moment, the instant wire rate of c equates, a, b, rule characteristics such as c three's wire rate has, but along with the motion of input component a, speed change lever M rotates, and then can find, a, the kinematic relation of b can keep " same morpheme " constantly, rule characteristics such as wire rate maintenance, c then can't keep with the morpheme relation, with a again, rule characteristics such as the wire rate of b no longer has, want to guarantee c and a etc. the rule characteristic then must time changing c the motion outbound course, in actual stepless change was used, this was obviously not really real, that is: c has difficult exploitativeness.So, should take b in the practical application as the motion output member.In order to guarantee that b can be with specific velocity ratio steady output movement, the arm of force that then must guarantee a, b through-put power is than keeping constant, for it, the mode of all taking sliding pair to add revolute pair with the Placement of speed change lever is connected (as shown in Figure 3), and stepless change then can be realized in the rotating center position of stepless change speed change lever M.(annotate: b, c overlap under current location with the kinematic pair of speed change lever but independently of one another, mutual noninterference.)

What " isogonism speed is with the morpheme motion principle " explained is a kind of " transient state " process, to have exploitativeness is principle, realize the stepless change output of continous-stable, when the design gear, should construct the lasting existence of isogonism speed, that is: in whole effective speed change dynamic process, have instant isogonism speed with the morpheme characteristic with the morpheme characteristic characteristics of motion.

Actual conditions is: (1) guarantees that all the time the instant angular seed of speed change lever input equates;

(2) guarantee motion input output part transmitting movement on direction constantly with " same morpheme " characteristic.Instruct general provisions for the reference in further clear and definite, the refinement specific design, introduce--- Isogonism speed is with morpheme stepless change second cor-responding identified theorems:

Isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is the property transmission principle seemingly:---in arbitrary moment in effective speed change space, arbitrary shifting arm m is turning-over changed in other any shifting arm n place plane of rotation and after guaranteeing that sense of rotation is identical in equivalence with its line correspondence motion Transmission Part a, when this speed change rotating center rotated to this any shifting arm n the position overlaps (or parallel) with it and places this moment, each self-corresponding straight line motion Transmission Part a of two shifting arm m, n, b place movement locus will be parallel or be overlapped (the explanation accompanying drawing is seen Fig. 4).That is: in arbitrary moment in effective speed change space, the instant geometrical relationship of shifting arm and straight line motion Transmission Part movement locus can be by the shifting arm at another place and the instant geometrical relationship of straight line motion Transmission Part movement locus obtain by the space is turning-over changed in the same way arbitrarily in arbitrary variable-speed unit.Also promptly: with morpheme relation by the turning-over changed position that can be exchanged into, space in the same way like a sexual intercourse.When satisfying this condition, just possessed Dynamically instant isogonism speed is with the morpheme kinetic characteristic

Can this theorem be to judge realize Etc. characteristic continuous stepless speed changeThe design considerations criterion.

Annotate: to motion general Study analytical method be: (1) spatial motion turns to plane motion research according to " instant spatial motion is the imfinitesimal method of plane motion " principle; (2) the plane motion in same plane is not transformed in the same plane and studies, as: carry out study on the transformation according to " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle ".

Explanation of nouns 2: Variable-speed unit: refer to the combination one to one of a shifting arm (or speed change lever) and a relevant corresponding motion Transmission Part.When the corresponding a plurality of motion Transmission Part of shifting arm, can be regarded as a plurality of variable-speed units; Variable-speed unit can be the motion input part, also can be the motion output; As can be regarded as three variable-speed units among Fig. 3.

The space is turning-over changed in the same way: make several motions (or variable-speed unit) under the prerequisite that does not change its moving situation, be transformed into the isoplanar, with the conversion process of rotation direction. The effective exercise track: the motion Transmission Part participates in the movement locus of speed change working procedure.

Motion transfer mechanism (discrete component is called the motion Transmission Part): the input output of power circuit are connected mechanism on the speed change lever, are referred to as motion Transmission Part (or motion transfer mechanism) as the motion input component a among Fig. 3, motion output member b, c

Fig. 4 explains orally analysis: the combination of the variable-speed unit of shifting arm m and corresponding motion Transmission Part a, c around rotating center carry out equivalence in the same way the turning-over changed diagram during to shifting arm n position in space see Fig. 4 .1, obvious: the movement locus of the motion Transmission Part b that the movement locus of motion Transmission Part a is corresponding with shifting arm n among the equivalent turning-over changed figure is parallel, c is then not parallel, so, characteristic stepless change conditions such as the deployment scenarios of motion Transmission Part c in former figure do not meet are taked a mode in the actual design.

Among Fig. 5, shifting arm m, n connect by the gear transmission of isogonism speed, sense of rotation is opposite, the equivalent turning-over changed figure that the variable-speed unit of shifting arm m and corresponding motion Transmission Part a, c is combined to shifting arm n position is Fig. 5 .1, and is obvious: in this situation, the movement locus of c is parallel with b, a is then not parallel, so the deployment scenarios of motion Transmission Part a in former figure such as do not meet at characteristic stepless change condition, takes the c mode in the actual design.

Figure 6 shows that: input, output variable speed arm not the situation of conllinear (annotate: this figure is theoretical modeling structure simplified schematic diagram, the conversion signal of relation and motion state only is set for the path of statement movement parts, among the figure: solid line is represented shifting arm, and dotted line is represented motion Transmission Part movement locus).Wherein: on behalf of the input output shifting arm, Fig. 6 .1 connect firmly type; Fig. 6 .2 represents the input output shifting arm by isogonism speed gear transmission connection type.Fig. 6 .1.1, Fig. 6 .2.1 represent two kinds of shifting arm n and the variable-speed unit of corresponding motion Transmission Part b, c equivalent turning-over changed figure of being combined to shifting arm m position thereof under the connection situation respectively, obvious: among Fig. 6 .1.1, the movement locus of b is parallel with a, and c is not parallel, takes the b mode in the actual design; Among Fig. 6 .2.1, the movement locus of c is parallel with a, and b is not parallel, takes the c mode in the actual design.

Figure 7 shows that the spatial motion type, shifting arm m, n connects by isogonism vt space bevel gear, m, the plane of rotation of n is not in same plane, but two variable-speed units are followed " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle ", that is: in effective arbitrary moment in speed change space, shifting arm m is turning-over changed in the plane of rotation of shifting arm n place and after guaranteeing that sense of rotation is identical in equivalence with its line correspondence motion Transmission Part a, when this speed change rotating center rotates to this shifting arm n the position overlaps (or parallel) with it and places this moment, two shifting arm m, each self-corresponding straight line motion Transmission Part a of n, b place movement locus is with parallel or coincidence.So characteristic stepless change conditions (Figure 48 is seen for details in more spatial mechanisms) such as spatial mechanism satisfies equally.

According to above-mentioned guiding theory, the input output variable-speed unit can arrange in Different Plane, by the isogonism speed driving mechanism, can arbitrary orientation design input output variable-speed unit, and the structural design of body there is very big flexibility, further optimize mechanism's space availability ratio.This behave is generally that to solve the particular space layout required and design.For adapting to more occasion demands, improve power-weight ratio, power to volume ratio, can carry out the constant angular velocity transmission by any isogonism speed driving mechanism, variation mechanism and relevant plane, spatial motion conversion, driving mechanism (as: face gear, space gear, plane train, space train, axle, band, linkage mechanism, wire soft shaft transmission, worm drive, isogonism speed coupling etc.), in a word, as long as can satisfy isogonism speed transmission condition.Then can carry out random flexible spatial arrangement design according to above-mentioned " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle " guiding theory.

" Isogonism speed is with the morpheme motion principle" being equally applicable to curvilinear motion; the infinitesimal transient state process of curvilinear motion is a straight line motion; the instant moving direction of curvilinear motion any point is on the tangent direction of this point; so the curvilinear motion model also can be according to characteristic stepless speed variators such as " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle " guideline designs; Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Figure 10 shows that characteristic stepless change principle schematic such as several spaces (its motion input output guiding mechanism vide infra embodiment), but the position of step-less adjustment speed change lever turning point k stepless change velocity ratio then." class circular cone pendulum or pyramid pendulum, space pendulum " formula running orbit cross section of its space change lever can be: polygonals such as circle, ellipse, triangle, rectangle, Hexagon also can be: deformation curve and build-up curve.Wherein Figure 10 represents a kind of input output variable-speed unit separated type mechanism, and the input output variable-speed unit is by the gear transmission of isogonism vt space, and such device speed-change process generally carries out speed change by the angle that changes the circular cone pendulum.

Comprehensive above-mentioned speed change pattern type, be not difficult to find: take the parallel lines mode to arrange schemes synthesis performance the best of input output movement parts, that is: power circuit is imported variable-speed unit with rectilinear motion mode, lever transmission principle (that is: sight alignment type transmission principle) by speed change lever changes speed ratio, with corresponding straight line motion output power, can further be converted into the output that rotatablely moves as required.That is: so-called---parallel sight alignment type speed change pattern:

Actual conditions is: the movement locus of (1) straight line motion input output part is parallel;

(2) move on the speed change lever input, output point, speed change rotating center fulcrum, three point on a straight line.

The mathematical analysis of parallel sight alignment type transmission principle: introduce the geometry theory, this principle can prove that its geometrization model (as shown in figure 11) is with " parallel lines divide line segment proportional theorem ": the geometrical relationship model of two parallel lines and the mutual combined crosswise of an intersection line; Can prove: when rotating shaft k one timing of intersecting oblique line, intersect in the oblique line rotation process on parallel lines up and down institute's transversal segment length than be constantly equal to rotating shaft apart from about parallel lines distance than, left side figure is the heteropleural transmission, input output part separation pivot point both sides, and input output moving direction is opposite; Right figure is the homonymy transmission, and the input output part occupies the turning point homonymy, and input output moving direction is identical.The arbitrary position that changes among the three can reach the speed change purpose.In the practical application, concrete decision will be exported as required, input end is located at fulcrum homonymy or heteropleural.Speed-change process is generally taked pivot point is shifted and is finished.

Kinematics Mechanism is analyzed:

The purpose that A is parallel: (1) guarantees transmitting moving on same direction, satisfies " same morpheme " characteristic that is:, and (2) guarantee that variable-speed dynamic arm, speed change resistance arm ratio are constant;

The purpose of B sight alignment: by " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle " and the input output linear movement direction is parallel causes.If (the input output linear movement direction is not parallel, then determines angle between the input output shifting arm by " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle " principle.)

Design principle is:

General operating mode shows as:

Annotate: " etc. characteristic stepless change " promptly: " isogonism speed is with the morpheme stepless change ", " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property stepless change "

The Infrastructure framework of parallel sight alignment type speed change pattern is: the input output parts that are parallel to each other by two movement locus constitute an incorporate cover gear by the organic linking of a change lever intermediary element.

Can be divided into by " input output movement conversion mode and speed change lever rotation type ": Reciprocatory, continuous Rotation type

Parallel sight alignment transmission principle pattern (one)---Reciprocatory:

Rule characteristics such as reciprocally swinging output motion by speed change lever.For guaranteeing the continuous of output power stream, can adopt heterogeneous (two-phase) device by certain layout that differs, interrupt with the kinetic current of eliminating the reciprocating reversing district.Design principle is:

EmbodimentSimplified schematic diagram is (piece number contrasts see below " description of drawings ") as shown in figure 12: input shaft (4) is by synchronous pulley (1), synchronously band (2) with power transmission in slide bar (3), slide bar connects with straight line motion input component (6) by sliding pair, by revolute pair, sliding pair with transmission of power in speed change lever (8), speed change lever passes through sliding pair with specific velocity ratio with power, revolute pair is transmitted to straight line motion output member (10) with straight line motion output, and through pinion and rack (11,12), free wheel device (14) is converted into unidirectional rotatablely moving continuously and exports through output shaft (13).Stepless change then can be realized in fast (15) position of continuous up and down mobile speed governing.(detail vide infra embodiments such as Figure 21).

Variation mode(as shown in figure 13): in this pattern, each motion Transmission Part is connected with speed change lever by sliding pair, revolute pair, and revolute pair and speed change lever tie point fixed-site.Rotary middle spindle 9 is connected with the revolute pair that speed change lever is the run-on point adjustable positions; Obvious: straight line motion input output part track is parallel to each other, linking by sliding pair, revolute pair, can only transmit the speed on the same direction of fixed position point on the speed change lever, satisfy " the same morpheme of isogonism speed " condition fully, so the motion of rule characteristics such as exportable steady; Changing rotary middle spindle 9 and the revolute pair position of speed change lever and be variable-speed (is connected by a controlled sliding pair M between rotary middle spindle 9 place revolute pairs and the speed change lever, this controlled sliding pair locks at ordinary times, be fixed relationship with speed change lever and be connected, unlock during speed governing); In addition, also can come speed change by input output force bearing point position on the change speed change lever.

Parallel sight alignment transmission principle pattern (two)---continuous Rotation type

Unidirectional cycle rotation by many speed change levers replaces characteristic motions such as output.Design principle is:

EmbodimentSimplified schematic diagram is (description of drawings is seen in the piece number contrast) as shown in figure 14: this mechanism utilizes the straight line motion input output traction of continuous unidirectional operation to be with (16 synchronously, 17) realize the unidirectional straight line motion conversion of rotation, and many speed change levers are set evenly distribute by certain angle, one after the other is with to combine synchronously with same traffic direction traction and is finished the transmission dynamically working, engage with the synchronous band of traction when entering active zone, separate with the synchronous band of traction when leaving active zone, reach unidirectional continuous running effect, regulate speed change rotating center axle position continuously and can realize stepless change (detail vide infra embodiments such as Figure 39).

Its correspondence Variation modeAs shown in figure 15, its working principle is similar to Reciprocatory, and key technology is to guarantee each speed change lever guaranteeing " same morpheme " characteristic up and down with traction when band combines work synchronously, and is convenient for speed governing, can take the input output shifting arm to separate the type that is provided with.

Brief summary: general type is by being provided with sliding pair on speed change lever, guaranteed that in the running of not speed governing variable-speed dynamic arm, resistance arm ratio are constant; Anomaly then is provided with revolute pair on speed change lever, guaranteed that input output shifting arm point of application of force position is invariable, reaches the variable-speed dynamic arm, resistance arm ratio is constant.Both all are provided with to have possessed according to " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle " and are effectively satisfying " isogonism speed, same morpheme " condition all the time in the working procedure, so the characteristic stepless change such as all can realize.

According to above-mentioned guiding theory: can design more anomaly mechanism under " the same morpheme of isogonism speed ", " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like property " condition satisfying, satisfy different occasion demands

Conversion process between uniform speed rotation and uniform motion in a straight line can transform (" input; output rotation/linear motion converting mechanism " that exemplify among the embodiment that can vide infra) by current many mechanisms, the key of this patent is: " isogonism speed is with the morpheme motion principle ", the structure of " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle ", that is: the structure of " etc. rule characteristic stepless change model ", and specifically made up the speed change pattern that can be connected by straight-line motion mechanism of the very easy solution of present technology, no matter how velocity ratio changes, input output are connected the mechanism kinematic track and are straight line motion, have avoided present insoluble " stepless variable radius wheel and stepless variable curvature curvilinear body " design link.

The extension of transmission principle is expanded and is used---characteristic speed change such as non-

Design the motion transfer mechanism by the layout angle of change motion Transmission Part or with curve, camber line, multiple spot broken line, and the angle that changes shifting arm, special variable motion output can be obtained.(annotate: this figure is theoretical modeling structure simplified schematic diagram as Figure 16, the conversion signal of relation and motion state only is set for the path of statement movement parts, among the figure: solid line is represented shifting arm, and dotted line is represented motion Transmission Part track) shown in: a is the motion input component, and b, c, d are the motion output member.Figure 16 .1 is a linearly arranged type of shifting arm, and a imports with uniform motion, and at output terminal, b to be quickening output, and c is with the output of slowing down, the d post acceleration of then slowing down earlier; Figure 16 .2 is that shifting arm is the broken line arranged type, and a imports with uniform motion, and at output terminal, b, c export with accelerated motion, the deceleration post acceleration of d elder generation.In concrete the application, can allow the uniform speed rotation according to required speed change form output by output movement characteristic requirement design variable gear ratio data, obtain the peculair motion curve, it be required to satisfy extraordinary operating mode.In addition: take between the input output variable-speed unit transmission of angle speed with and the mode of rotary middle spindle outside dwang self straight line also can obtain extraordinary speed change output.This transmission type belongs to low auxiliary driving, can be used to replace cam mechanism in the specific occasion, realizes that lower pair replaces high auxiliary driving effect, improves bearing capacity, transmission efficiency, reduces cost, life-saving.This type of mechanism also can reversely use, and as required specific compound movement, pulsating motion is filtered flow shaping, with at the uniform velocity, closely at the uniform velocity or the output of other particular law forms of motion.

Characteristics of the present utility model, advantage:

This patent adopts and the distinct speed change thought of traditional speed changer, reach distinctive speed change boundary, can realize the light modulation of arbitrary velocity ratio quickly and easily, when gear is in zero point, with smooth-going thorough cut-out kinetic current, can secure replacement cut-off clutch and setting neutral gear.Speed regulation process does not interrupt kinetic current, thereby makes speed conversion be tending towards extremely smooth transitionization.Speed regulation process in the running state has ingenious nature and realizes light power-assisted speed change by the periodicity power-assisted effect of power circuit side direction power component.But the transmitting torque scope is almost without any restraining factors, as long as space range is suitable, can transmit big moment of torsion arbitrarily, extensively is adapted to various heavy types, light-duty, lilliput car and other speed change occasion.Whole process does not have big mechanical shock collision, and the tool overload protection function.The sensitive free stable precision maneuverability of this device makes it very easily realize automatic control simultaneously, takes to possess extremely excellent full-automatic quick wide interval stepless shift function after the automatic control pattern.

Such speed changer has: rational in infrastructure, simple to operation, precise and stable, be easy to implement, advantage such as economical and efficient.Speed changer main transformer speed system is low auxiliary driving, bearing capacity height, reliable operation, stable performance, slewing range is extremely wide, but speedup, deceleration, zero passage, oppositely (transmission characteristic of clockwise and anticlockwise is identical, input redirect unconditional request to prime mover) and super nearly zero, ultra-low speed accurate steadily export torque, adaptability is strong, the life-span is long, regulation and control are convenient and simple.Adopt " Isogonism speed is transported with morpheme Moving principle ", " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle" design, having overcome the relevant critical defect of traditional impulse stepless gear box, entire mechanism power transmission chain Weak link-free has equivalent bearer cap, can bring into play each link potential, bearing capacity and strong shock resistance to greatest extent.Its spatial structure series mechanism flexible design is changeable, can arbitrary orientation design transmission shaft.It is at the uniform velocity pulsating movement free lower pair high-efficiency high-power mechanical stepless transmission of present distinctive non-friction type.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is specifically described:

Fig. 1: isogonism speed is with morpheme motion principle figure Fig. 2: etc. characteristic stepless change theoretical model figure

Fig. 3: etc. characteristic stepless change theory analysis figure Fig. 4: isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like property transmission principle key diagram ()

Fig. 5: isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is property transmission principle key diagram (two) Fig. 6 seemingly: isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like property transmission principle key diagram (three)

Fig. 7: isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is property transmission principle key diagram (four) Fig. 8 seemingly: characteristic stepless change principle schematic () such as space

Fig. 9: characteristic stepless change principle schematic (two) Figure 10 such as space: characteristic stepless change principle schematic (three) such as space

Figure 11: parallel sight alignment transmission principle geometrization illustraton of model Figure 12: parallel sight alignment transmission principle pattern () simplified schematic diagram

Figure 13: parallel sight alignment transmission principle pattern () variation mode figure Figure 14: parallel sight alignment transmission principle pattern (two) simplified schematic diagram

Figure 15: parallel sight alignment transmission principle pattern (two) variation mode figure Figure 16: characteristic speed change theoretical model figure such as non-

Figure 17: isogonism speed is with morpheme Reciprocatory stepless speed variator schematic diagram of mechanism Figure 18: motion input conversion process analysis chart

Figure 19: the vertical arrangement figure Figure 20 of conversion of motion mechanism: the vertical deployment mechanism sketch of conversion of motion mechanism

Figure 21: isogonism speed is with morpheme Reciprocatory stepless speed variator erection drawing Figure 22: several connecting modes of speed change lever and straight line motion input output part, speed governing piece

Figure 23: gear box input flow distribution structure scheme (two) Figure 24: cylindrical gears flow dish-type is selected stream clutch arrangement of mechanism figure

Figure 25: isogonism speed is with morpheme Reciprocatory stepless speed variator schematic diagram of mechanism (two) Figure 26: rolling contact type sliding pair series scheme that can transmitting torque

Figure 27: self-locking control mode series Figure 28 that selects the stream balance: the self-enclosed internal force pressurized control mode series of selecting the stream balance

Figure 29: input lock speed is rested the head on and is selected stream balance characteristics of motion image analysis Figure 30: several design proposals of cam profile,

Figure 31: electromagnetism is selected stream clutch structural drawing Figure 32: translating follower cylindrical cam reversable gearbox arrangement figure series

Figure 33: cam profile curve unfolded drawing and characteristics of motion image analysis Figure 34: binary cycle cam profile curve unfolded drawing

Figure 35: two roller type translating follower cylindrical cam mechanism Figure 36: translating follower disc cam reversable gearbox arrangement figure

Figure 37: disc cam profilogram figure and characteristics of motion image analysis Figure 38: two roller type translating follower disk cam mechanisms

Figure 39: isogonism speed is with the continuous rotary-type stepless speed variator erection drawing Figure 40 of morpheme: lock fast block structural diagram ()

Figure 41: lock fast block structural diagram (two) Figure 42: inside and outside two-orbit restricted type and pressurization device structural drawing

Figure 43: shifting arm assembly erection drawing and parts drawing Figure 44: continuous rotary-type stepless speed variator practical application assembling legend

Figure 45: electromagnetic traction type speed changer erection drawing Figure 46: electromagnetic traction type speed changer subseries

Figure 47: laterally to folder trailed model transmission mechanism figure Figure 48: isogonism speed is with the spatial structure type embodiment model sketch of morpheme stepless speed variator

Figure 49: schematic diagram of mechanism universal component symbol table Figure 50: space transmission mechanism sketch

Wherein:

1, synchronous pulley 47, transition tumbler gear 93, rail supported

2, be with 48 synchronously, right output gear 94, shifting arm

3, slide bar 49, left output gear 95, offside extension spring

4, input shaft 50, rolling type sliding pair outer ring 96, traction belt Idle wheel

5, sliding pair 51, rolling type sliding pair inner ring 97, friction pulling face

6, straight line motion input component 52, ball (roller, needle roller) 98, guide roller

7, revolute pair 53, retainer 99, circulation alley

8, speed change lever 54, key 100, sliding pair cover

9, rotary middle spindle 55, circulating reflux district ball 101, the fast piece traction of lock otic placode

10, straight line motion output member 56, working area ball 102, press body

11, tooth bar 57, contain separate assembling outer ring 103, the compression roller in circulating ball road

12, gear 58, ball-recirculation tunneltron 104, add pressuring chain plate

13, output shaft 59, the integral type outer ring 105 that contains circulation canal, flat pattern metallic traction band

14, free wheel device 60, rolling type sliding pair (rolling guide) 106, carrier bar Idle wheel

15, speed governing piece 61, the linkage mechanism 107 that auto-lock function is arranged, traction belt wheel engaging tooth

16, input traction be with 62 synchronously, elastic buffering mechanism 108, traction belt engaging hole

17, output traction be with 63 synchronously, oil cylinder (cylinder, tractive magnet) 109, endless metal thin slice

18, gear transmission group 64, connecting rod 110, the fast piece pressure-bearing connecting body of lock

19, gear pin 65, connecting rod reinforcement locking framework 111, lock fast positioning seat

20, slide block 66, jaw type are to pressing from both sides force application device 112, locking fast running shaft

21, the commutation guide rail 67, mechanical traction mechanism 113, opposed roller leads

22, input lock speed pillow 68, telecontrol pulling cable 114, bolt

23, the fast track 69 of input lock, self-enclosed to pressing application of force type cam gear 115, composite sync traction belt

24, feed screw nut's arrangements for speed regulation 70, middle movable pressing piece 116, carrier bar pin

25, the fast track 71 of output lock, the static load-bearing member 117 in both sides, profile of tooth add pressuring chain plate

26, output lock speed pillow 72, pressure roller 118, shifting arm coupling ring

27, speed governing track 73, piston rod 119, balance are strengthened shaft of rib

28, speed governing handle 74, press the secondary cover of roller 120, telescopic moving

29, driving pin 75, pulley 121, speed change dish

30, select stream clutch spindle 76, brush 122, speed change disc radial track

31, bevel gear drive group 77, electricity ring 123, electromagnetic chuck

32, bevel gear thrust plate 78, bullet pad 124, composite electromagnetic traction belt

33, select stream gear frame 79, electromagnetic chuck 125, profile of tooth engagement layer

34, roller 80, mobile armature are selected stream friction disc 126, electromagnetic traction layer

35, control cam 81, reset spring 127, elastic coupling flexible coupling

36, control power transmission shaft 82, diversion disk 128, the fast piece of side-mounted lock

37, feather key 83, prime mover 129, pressure-bearing traction body

38, select stream balance 84, cylindrical cam 130, balance pressure-bearing roller

39, select stream pressurization disk 85, synchronous variable-speed driving mechanism 131, balance bearing disc

40, thrust-bearing 86, inner surface contour formula cylindrical cam 132, isogonism speed double universal coupling

41, radial bearing 87, disc cam 133, overlength straight toothed spur gear

42, friction card 88, cam rotating shaft 134, feather key sliding pair

43, revolution support 89, Cam rest 135, turnable sliding pair speed governing piece

44, join fast Transmitted chains 90, traction synchronous pulley 136, combined type swinging-ring mechanism

45, left cylindrical gears thrust plate 91, ring track

46, right cylindrical gears thrust plate 92, lock fast piece

Embodiment

Figure 17 shows that: (annotate 1: this figure is a schematic diagram of mechanism to isogonism speed with morpheme Reciprocatory Zero-cross stepless speed variator schematic diagram of mechanism, it only is brief and concise statement theory structure arrangement relation, each component is not strict to be drawn by same view direction, and the correlative detail situation can be with reference to detail drawing 21; Annotate 2: the direction of arrow is only represented type of sports (curve arrow representative rotation among the figure; Straight arrows is represented translation), do not represent concrete operating movement direction).Such speed changer is by input shaft, output shaft, input, output rotation/reciprocating linear motion conversion mechanism, input, output lock speed pillow, input, the fast track of output lock, speed change lever, speed governing piece, speed governing track, feed screw nut's arrangements for speed regulation are selected critical pieces such as stream clutch and roller, cam control gear and are formed.The linking transmission course of kinetic current is finished by a series of motion Transmission Parts, and the auxiliary member that adopts in the present embodiment has: guide rail, slide block, sliding pair, revolute pair, gear transmission group, driving pin, speed governing handle, bevel gear drive group, join fast Transmitted chains etc.

Working principle: input shaft 4 input kinetic currents are allocated in the symmetrically arranged speed change unit of two-phase through left and right sides gear transmission group 18 respectively, left and right sides two-phase speed change unit is structurally identical, but on the operation step, its work phase difference be 1/4 or 3/4 cycle (vide infra---Figure 29: image analysis), rest the head on 22 " cutout " phenomenons that commutation process causes when gear pin 19 enters belt wheel circular arc district by the work of alternate relay mode to remedy the every lock of input mutually speed mutually, thereby obtain continuous power stream output (express for convenient, this figure still takes holohedral symmetry to draw).

The input rotation/linear motion converting mechanism of this speed changer is by synchronous pulley, auxiliary member such as band and corresponding mobile pair, revolute pair is formed synchronously, its conversion of motion process analysis is as shown in figure 18: constitute sliding pair with the fast track 23 of input lock, slide block 20 respectively as the input lock speed pillow 22 of straight line motion input component and connect, be with 2 to connect by bearing pin 19, revolute pair 7 with slide block 20 synchronously.When input shaft drive synchronous pulley at the uniform velocity rotates, lock speed pillow 22 will obtain at the uniform velocity linear reciprocating motion, when articulating point a enters belt wheel circular arc district, commutation motion in the other direction takes place in lock speed pillow, its commutation process is simple harmonic motion, commutation is steady, impact is little, and the linear movement interval of this type of switching mechanism can be very suitable for such speed changer and use much larger than the arc transition district.

Input lock speed pillow 22 is by gear pin 19, revolute pair 7 with power transmission in speed change lever 8, speed change lever under dynamic action around rotary middle spindle 9 rotate and with power through slide block 20, revolute pair 7, bearing pin 19 is transmitted to motion output member output lock speed pillow 26, output lock speed pillow is at fast track 25 its track linear movements of constraint lower edge of output lock, because input, the fast track 23 of output lock, 25 are arranged in parallel, and import, output lock speed pillow 22,26 with speed change lever 8 point of action, rotary middle spindle 9 axle center, possesses " sight alignment " relation between the three, that is: " annotate: " sight alignment " is the plane motion theoretical model to satisfied " parallel sight alignment " speed change pattern of this gear, in the practical application, so-called plane motion, be meant: the motion of movement locus in same plane, not all movement parts is in same plane; Oranon to concrete mechanism is: can be transformed into same plane inner analysis for the plane motion part in same plane not, then analyze its instant characteristics of motion by imfinitesimal method for the spatial motion part.So in this concrete mechanism, as long as satisfy: " sight alignment " relation is satisfied in 3 projections in same reference plane (with movement locus place plane parallel).In addition: in this class mechanism, also can be summarized as " three-way coplane " principle, three-way: as to refer to import the shaft center line (or bearing pin shaft center line) herein, output lock speed pillow 26 of lock speed pillow 22 and the connection place revolute pair 7 of speed change lever 8 and the shaft center line of the connection place revolute pair 7 of speed change lever 8 (or bearing pin shaft center line) herein, speed change lever rotary middle spindle 9 shaft center line, in speed-change process, three-wayly then can satisfy " etc. characteristic speed change " in same plane " as long as guarantee this constantly.So, if input lock speed pillow is a uniform motion at this moment, the uniform motion in a straight line that output lock speed pillow also has output isotactic rule characteristic, and speed ratio equals variable-speed dynamic arm this moment, speed change resistance arm length ratio, also promptly: input, output lock speed pillow and speed change lever two point of action apart from the distance in rotating center axle center than.Speed governing piece 15 links to each other with the movable piece nut of feed screw nut's arrangements for speed regulation 24, and rotation speed governing handle 28 can be regulated speed governing piece position continuously and realize stepless change.The output rotation/linear motion converting mechanism of this speed changer is made up of synchronous band, synchronous pulley etc., output lock speed pillow through driving pin 29 with transmission of power be with 2 synchronously (output lock speed pillow be with synchronously with output between kinematic relation belong to translation and concern, so its connection place can not add revolute pair, being connected with driving pin gets final product.), be converted at synchronous pulley 1 place and rotatablely move.Because output lock speed pillow is linear reciprocating motion, so synchronous pulley also is a crankmotion, need to select flow shaping by the stream clutch of selecting in this device, it is disclosed in this patent that to select stream clutch and traditional free wheel device different, belong to a kind of controlling type clutch, can transmit torque selectively by outer signals control, filter and do not meet the motion that output requires.This device adopts input end control principle, only export articulating point a (seeing Figure 18) the uniform motion in band linear movement district synchronously (its concrete controlling schemes sees for details hereinafter---Figure 29: image analysis).Its kinetic current path is: stream clutch spindle 30 is selected in the input after driving pin, synchronous band, synchronous pulley are converted into and rotatablely move of output lock speed pillow straight line motion, selecting the stream clutch spindle connects (for reducing to rub by feather key (feather key) 37 with selecting between the stream balance 38, can take the ball spline mode to connect, promptly in spline, be placed with ball, sliding friction has been become rolling friction, its embodiment is seen Figure 26), in transmitting torque, can move vertically.Select moving axially of balance 38 of stream and be subjected to the motion control of speed changer input end.The input end kinetic current is introduced by control power transmission shaft 36, through synchronous pulley, synchronously the fast Transmitted chains of joining formed of band (available other multiple kind of drive is set up and is joined fast Transmitted chains, mode for example shown in Figure 25.Notes: the function of joining fast Transmitted chains is that the torque of transmission shaft 36 outputs is mated with the step of coordinating control cam and speed change phase place with specific velocity ratio drive controlling cam) be transmitted to and control cam 35, cam profile curve designs according to certain rules (referring to Figure 29, Figure 30 .1,30.2), the displacement of control roller 34 in good time, (annotate: gear frame and cone pulley dish intersection adopt dotted lines to the displacement amount of roller 34 in this legend through selecting stream gear frame 33, mutual interference does not take place in the spatial position of representing the two, concrete annexation with reference to A among Figure 21 to partial enlarged drawing), revolution support 43 is transmitted to be selected on the stream balance 38, control the clutch sequential step of itself and left and right sides bevel gear thrust plate 32, reach rotatablely moving of friction balance different direction is transmitted to respectively on the different bevel gear thrust plate in the left and right sides, in other words: two thrust plates are all only accepted the unidirectional torque driving of same sense of rotation about allowing, the flow shaping purpose is selected in realization, finish the rectification of reciprocal torque power stream handled, after the bevel gear drive group with about two bevel gear thrust plate power circuits and stream output.Because it's 1/4 or 3/4 cycle toed for the job step phase modulation of left and right sides two-phase speed change unit, that is: when left camera set job step is mediated in reciprocating reversing cutout interval, right camera set just in time is at the uniform velocity working area of best stabilized, vice versa, reaches alternation and steadily be engaged on the output shaft and stream output continous-stable power circuit.By change select the stream balance with about the clutch step of two thrust plates (for example: transmit and left thrust plate can change output shaft moving direction if select stream balance clockwise torque originally, counterclockwise transmission of torque and right thrust plate, change clockwise torque transmission and right thrust plate now into, transmission of torque and left thrust plate then reach the commutation purpose counterclockwise.This process cooperates phase place to realize by changing control cam 35 with the transmission of roller 34, and annotate: left and right sides unit should commutate simultaneously.)

This type of mechanism is also advantageous in that: can further reduce the reciprocal operation frequency of to-and-fro motion system, reduce reciprocal inertia impact, improve transmission efficiency.At input end, gear transmission group 18 has the yupin effect of subtracting together with input band transmission synchronously conversion of motion system (its linear movement interval can have to subtract effect frequently much larger than the arc transition district); At output terminal, can carry out speedup compensation reduction with output band transmission synchronously conversion of motion system by bevel gear drive group 31.

In addition: the control cam 35 of left and right sides camera set can merge with the unified control of a cam, as long as select the diverse location place that stream gear frame upper roller 34 is placed in same cam profile with two, so then cam control system is left and right sides camera set shared (can be arranged in the middle of the speed changer), reduce half control auxiliary member, simplified design.

Figure 19, Figure 20 shows that: vertical arrangement figure of speed changer conversion of motion mechanism and corresponding schematic diagram of mechanism, the structure of its component, function, working principle process and scheme shown in Figure 17 are as good as, its difference only is: take the vertical mode of rotating shaft to arrange as synchronous band, the synchronous pulley of conversion of motion mechanism, be more suitable for using in some occasion.

Figure 21: isogonism speed is with (the brief for the sake of simplicity clear statement of morpheme Reciprocatory Zero-cross stepless speed variator erection drawing, patent specification accompanying drawing strictness is pressed the drafting of engineering drawing standard, some part has taked the luxuriant mode of detailed degeneracy to express among the figure, and it is more clear to take the sketch mode to explain as the nut screw mandrel speed regulating mechanism among the figure).Its working principle process is with shown in Figure 17 the same, but in this figure, selecting stream gear frame 33 forms and turns round supporting mechanisms and be connected with selecting between the stream balance 38 by selecting stream pressurization disk 39, thrust-bearing 40, radial bearing 41, be used for transmitting and select the stream impacting force, in actual applications, this mode can further reduce the rotary system rotary inertia and increase bearing capacity.In non-special designs, to transmit impacting force for reaching, isolate the moment of torsion purpose, available existing revolution is supported standard piece and is replaced (shown in schematic diagram of mechanism).

Figure 22 is several connecting modes of speed change lever and straight line motion input output part, speed governing piece, and a represents the straight line motion input component; B represents the straight line motion output member, and k represents speed governing piece and rotary middle spindle; Wherein: A, the category-B type is identical with corresponding annexation character among Figure 21 embodiment, and (B figure and A figure difference only are that speed change lever and straight line motion import, the annexation transposition of output member), the annexation of C figure identical with Figure 12 mode (continuous rotary-type this similar structure that also adopts hereinafter), speed change lever input relative separation among the D figure, being the sliding pair relation each other connects, and import with straight line motion, then connect between the output member with revolute pair, reached and do not surmounted the straight line motion input in track limit position, speed-change process speed change lever termination all the time, output member track place two parallel lines scopes, this structure helps dwindling the space layout of speed changer, with the separated type shifting arm purpose of hereinafter mentioning roughly the same (seeing Figure 44 .3) that contains the secondary cover 120 of telescopic moving.

Figure 23 is another allocation plan of gear box input stream, this scheme is utilized a pair of driving gear input power stream, both sides axle head by same gear carries out power dividing, respectively in the synchronous pulley of transmission and left and right sides two-phase speed change unit, mechanism is further simplified, but its shortcoming is: about the speed change lever spacing of two camera set strengthen, be unfavorable for that the unification of speed governing piece is accurately controlled.Structure is better shown in the right figure, near among the left figure of the gap ratio of two speed change levers.

Figure 24: cylindrical gears flow dish-type is selected stream clutch arrangement of mechanism figure, and this is selected the stream clutch and adopts flat circle stud wheel thrust plate to replace space circle bevel gear thrust plate, helps reducing cost, and eliminates (or reducing) axial load.But shortcoming is: increase by a transition tumbler gear 47.

Annotate: the axial force that bevel gear flow dish-type is selected the stream clutch can belong to system's internal force by internal balance, externally embodiment, the axial thrust load on the output shaft then by about the bevel gear face-off mode of two camera set design and obtain balance.So whole system still has stationarity preferably at work.

Figure 25: isogonism speed is with morpheme Reciprocatory Zero-cross stepless speed variator schematic diagram of mechanism (two), this scheme is with mechanism shown in Figure 17 difference: the power circuit output terminal select the stream clutch, to join being provided with of fast Transmitted chains different, this is selected the stream clutch and takes: the reciprocal torque of output terminal synchronous pulley output is directly transmitted and the bevel gear thrust plate, periodically finish and select flow shaping, select unidirectional rotating power by selecting the stream balance, and select the unidirectional torque output of stream clutch spindle after rectification by what be with it that feather key connects with the clutch of the reciprocal rotating flow distribution dish in the left and right sides.Obvious: selecting the inner parts of doing back and forth rotation of stream clutch in this scheme is thrust plates, does unidirectional rotation and select the stream balance; Just in time opposite with the former.Design principle herein is generally: get the little side of rotary inertia as reciprocal rotary component.In addition: the fast Transmitted chains of joining among this figure is: the control power transmission shaft, and------drive link---face gear---control cam in concrete the application, can adopt mode versatile and flexible to design according to actual conditions to the space bevel gear.

Shown in Figure 26ly be: rolling contact type sliding pair series scheme that can transmitting torque, owing to select the stream clutch spindle and select the stream balance and carry main power circuit torque at work, and it is frequent to move axially number of times, so should take rolling pair to connect, concrete mode as shown in figure 26, this structural member can be used as standard piece production, be used for the various requirement transmitting torque but the axially movable occasion of need, (as: lock speed is rested the head on and is locked between the fast track when the relative displacement stroke is longer, slide block and speed change lever, between the commutation guide rail, and between the lock speed piece and speed change lever in the hereinafter continuous Rotation type speed changer), can take to have the rolling type sliding pair of steel ball cyclic track, as Figure 26 .4,26.5 shown in, certainly, it rolls and cooperates the cross section to can be circle (can adopt existing rolling type sliding pair standard piece) when the occasion that does not need transmitting torque.In addition: can take non-circular cross-section formula rolling type sliding pair standard piece for the occasion of need transmitting torque; Perhaps take two or more cylindrical cross-section or non-cylindrical cross-section rolling contact type sliding pair standard piece parallel non co axial arranged side by side to arrange, and make an axle and use, reach can axially roll mobile in transmitting torque, shown in Figure 26 .6, by 4 rolling sliding pair that are arranged in parallel (that is: rolling guide) but be combined into the sliding pair of a transmitting torque, generally get: guide rail with select stream clutch spindle link to each other, slide block with select stream balance link to each other (notes: the guide rail in this, the slide block title refers to the component title in the existing rolling type sliding pair standard piece, is not meant the piece number mark title in the patent figures).

Figure 27: the self-locking control mode series of selecting the stream balance, take linkage mechanism 61 controls of auto-lock function to select stream balance 38 shown in Figure 27 .1, only reaching just need allow the control cam to selecting the effect that the stream balance is exerted pressure constantly in commutation, in case linkage mechanism generation self-locking then can eliminate cam and select the active force of stream between balance, so cam profile curve can be taked mode shown in Figure 30 .4 (Figure 30 .4 is this cam profile curve unfolded drawing): roller 34 linkage mechanism of correspondence when a district is in self-locking and compresses attitude, so cam profile groove broad is in big gap loose fit state with roller 34 herein; The linkage mechanism of roller correspondence when the b district is in the acting district, so the cam profile groove is narrower, fully cooperates transmission pressure with roller herein.Can take multiple mode to affect to selecting the stream balance.As modes (as Figure 27 .2,27.3) such as: electromagnetism, hydraulic pressure, pneumatic, machineries; Except that the mechanical traction mode needs directly from input end is introduced the control kinetic current, all the other equal available sensors are from input end acquisition controlling signal and then finish control to respective execution mechanisms.

Take connecting rod 64,65 pairs of connecting rod reinforcement locking frameworks to select the stream balance shown in Figure 27 .4 and carry out traction control, has the double locking effect, when connecting rod reinforcement locking framework 65 was in the linear state locking, connecting rod 64 also was in the dead point locked position.Has reliable more effect.

Figure 28: select the self-enclosed internal force pressurized control mode series of stream balance,

In this scheme: select the stream balance pressure process of thrust plate is taked folder or attraction (selecting the stream clutch referring to Figure 31-electromagnetism) mode, thereby selecting formation one pressurized system between stream balance and the thrust plate, changing the friction driving precompression is system's internal force, selecting balance sealing voluntarily between stream balance and the thrust plate, externally do not embody, help eliminating axial load; Figure 28 .1,28.2,28.3 is depicted as: jaw type is to folder force application device pressurization scheme, jaw type is similar to the loading process and the hand welding of folder force application device 66, as shown in Figure 28 .1 when oil cylinder piston bar 73 moves right, left side jaw type to the folder force application mechanism to thrust plate 32, select stream balance 38 exert pressure, both are tightly clamped by overall viewing range, and the right jaw type then is in open configuration at this moment to the folder force application mechanism, otherwise, when piston rod 73 during to left movement, the right clamps, open on the left side.Wherein: among Figure 28 .1 jaw type to the pressurization power of folder force application device from oil cylinder (or cylinder, tractive magnet); Jaw type is taked mechanical pressuring method to the pressure process of folder force application device among Figure 28 .2, and legend is represented the eccentric cam device for exerting, can take multiple mechanical pressuring method in the reality; Figure 28 .3 represents: jaw type is taked long-range traction control scheme to the folder force application device, conduction by 68 pairs of power of telecontrol pulling cable, power source (as: oil cylinder, cylinder, tractive magnet, motor, mechanical force application device etc.) can be arranged on distance and select the distant place of stream balance, thrust plate system, help optimizing the space layout setting.In addition, in order to eliminate jaw type, can install additional in the clamping force side and press roller 74 formation rolling contacts (seeing partial enlarged drawing among Figure 28 .3) the micro-slippage of folder force application mechanism in the process of stepping up.Among Figure 28 .4,28.5,28.6: the sealing of movable pressing piece and the static load-bearing member in both sides is pressurizeed to pressing force mechanism in the middle of taking, wherein: take self-enclosed among Figure 28 .4 to pressing application of force type cam gear to pressurize, by cooperate (cam profile curve unfolded drawing see Figure 30 .3) of cam intermediate profile groove, realize that sealing is to pressing application of force effect with two side profile grooves.Among Figure 28 .5: static load-bearing member 71 links to each other with the fixed frame of eccentric cam pressure exerting arrangement 67, and middle movable pressing piece 70 partly links to each other with the movable piece translation frame of eccentric cam mechanism 67, constitutes the sealing compression system.Figure 28 .6 is identical with the principle of exerting pressure of Figure 28 .5, and difference is to replace the eccentric cam pressure exerting arrangement with oil cylinder (or cylinder, tractive magnet), and middle movable pressing piece 70 links to each other with oil cylinder piston bar 73, and the static load-bearing member 71 in both sides links to each other with cylinder body.

Annotate: pressing piece can (be seen shown in Figure 28 .1 by revolution support, thrust-bearing, pressure roller 72 propagation of pressure of selecting stream balance, thrust plate, in order to increase the contact stress surface, pressure roller 72 among the figure and thrust plate, select on the stream balance with it that the stress surface part of contact all adopts the conical surface that certain taper is arranged to transmit impacting force) etc. mode carry out, to reduce wearing and tearing.

As seen: select stream balance pressure process take self-enclosed internal force pressurized control mode after, if the transmission process of thrust plate and output shaft is taked mechanism shown in Figure 24, then whole speed change output does not have axial thrust load in theory, so can cancel thrust plate outside thrust-bearing.

Be improvement rigid impulse phenomenon and the required precision of reduction control system, can be at cam, select the stream gear frame, select stream serially add between the balance elasticity coefficient bigger suppress steel spring indirectly to selecting stream balance exert pressure (as the elastic buffering mechanism among Figure 27 .2 62), for example: replace pure rigidity contact with the attached elastic material of the work that contacts bread (as: rubber wheel) of cam path by damping spring or pair roller 34, changing rigidity exerts pressure and exerts pressure for elasticity, the modified line contact reduces vibratory impulse for the face contact.The employing spring mode of exerting pressure indirectly can play automatic compensating effect, reduces and makes the installation precision requirement, realizes wear automatic-compensation function (associated cams mechanism hereinafter also can take this Placement).For reducing energy loss, raise the efficiency, reduce noise, vibrations, life-saving, should note reducing repeat system gross mass and optimization system rotary inertia design (can reduce rotary inertia) as far as possible, and note optimizing the transient equiliblium of whole system by reducing quality, employing high-strength low-density made and optimized Structure Design.

Annotate: contacting between roller and the cam path can be roll contact or fluid lubrication sliding contact form.

For further eliminating pulsating quantity, improving stressed effect, should all mechanisms be pressed symmetrization principle layout design as far as possible, optimize unbalance vibration and reduce invalid energy consumption, realize quiet, the transient equiliblium of whole system.

Figure 29: input lock speed is rested the head on and is selected stream balance characteristics of motion image analysis (displacement-time plot, that is: s-t figure),

Wherein: a curve (solid line) representative: left camera set input lock speed pillow characteristics of motion s-t figure;

B curve (dotted line) representative: right camera set input lock speed pillow characteristics of motion s-t figure;

C curve (solid line) representative: left camera set is selected stream balance characteristics of motion s-t figure;

D curve (dotted line) representative: right camera set is selected stream balance characteristics of motion s-t figure;

(D) part expression below the abscissa: articulating point a (gear pin 19) the movement locus unfolded drawing of synchronous band and slide block 20, contrast mutually, very clear.Wherein: the e curve is represented the corresponding situation of left camera set; The f curve is represented the corresponding situation of right camera set.

(B) part figure line is represented among the figure: the pace of movement allocation plan of the profilogram of control cam 35 and input end lock speed pillow.Select the stream balance under the control of cam profile by the operation of this step---input lock speed pillow is selected the stream balance and is contacted through-put power with thrust plate during at corresponding s-t figure straight line section operation; When input lock speed pillow is finished the reciprocating reversing operation in corresponding s-t figure camber line interval, select the stream balance and separate with thrust plate and be in the idle running transition state.Arrange cooperation by two camera set by certain work phase difference, obtain the output of continuous power stream.The general work phase difference got for 1/4 or 3/4 cycle (as shown in the figure), but travel at the uniform speed the district during much larger than the situation of commutating zone at the straight line of input lock speed pillow, not necessarily phase difference 1/4 or 3/4 cycle are got in strictness, obtain continuous power output stream (be exactly in the reflection on the image---a, b figure line the camber line interval do not occur at one time spool simultaneously) as long as reach left and right sides two-shipper group by the work of alternate relay mode

Running state when the profilogram transition zone that (C) part figure line is depicted as cam 35 among the figure is in maximum value, under this state, it is equal with " select the stream balance and separate the time period that is in the transition zone that dallies with thrust plate " " to select the time period of stream balance and thrust plate contact transmitted power ", select between the transition zone that flows balance very long, (annotate: for guaranteed output stream continuously, certain transmitted power work overlap region must be arranged, so should be worth less than this between transition zone between the two-phase).With regard to perfect condition: as long as can guarantee the job rotating of two group alternately, unpowered stream discontinuity area gets final product, and helps like this reducing to select stream balance reciprocally swinging acceleration, reduces to impact, optimizes the design of balance operating mode.But, so: then can reduce the two-shipper group and effectively work cumulative time, every camera set carrying capacity is increased, that is: reduce the two-shipper group co-operation time (this moment, each unit group was only carried half of overall transmission power).So should choose in two kinds of lit range intervals shown in (B), (C) figure line in the practical application, rule is: guarantee steadily commutation freely and about select stream balance and thrust plate mutually and all can reach under the prerequisite of full synchronous interface and increase the overlapping operation interval of two-shipper group as far as possible.Annotate: described situation of this image and state shown in Figure 21 match, but cross-reference.The input of left camera set lock speed pillow and speed change lever job step are mediated in the reciprocating reversing district among the figure, can not export uniform motion, and the corresponding stream balance of selecting mediates at this moment, does not all contact with left and right sides thrust plate, that is: this camera set is in disconnection state this moment; But right camera set then is in the best effort district at this moment, input, output lock speed pillow are made uniform motion in a straight line, select the stream balance and do the uniform speed rotation, current position contacts with the right side thrust plate, and transmission of torque is exported (output shaft will be exported torque in the other direction if contact with the left side thrust plate this moment) in the right side thrust plate.In addition: the profilogram transition commutating zone of control cam 35 is wanted smooth-going soft (" commutation transition curvature enlarged view " as shown) with being connected of working area, make the swing step of selecting the stream balance be in the simple harmonic motion state as far as possible, with softening balance variable accelerated motion pulsation degree.

Figure 30: several design proposal unfolded drawings of cam profile, (B) image among cam profile shown in Figure 30 .1 and Figure 29 is corresponding, cam profile shown in Figure 30 .2 is for making the stressed dual cycle type profile that designs of cam bi-directional symmetrical, that is: contain two cycle periods at same closed outline curve, available like this two rollers are optimized stressed effect being mutually symmetric arrangement on the 180 degree orientation.Compress application of force working stroke very short (approaching zero in theory) owing to select stream balance and thrust plate from touching, so that this selects flow shaping process power consumption is very little.

Figure 31: electromagnetism is selected stream clutch structural drawing

Adopt electromagnetism to select the stream clutch flow shaping is selected in the reciprocal torque of output, select the stream clutch Comparatively speaking with disclosed mechanical-type above, its difference is: replace mechanical compaction power by electromagnetic attraction, have few, the advantages of simple structure and simple of convenient, accurate, the peripheral auxiliary member of control.Its electromagnetic chuck 79 operating currents are introduced through external control circuit by electricity ring 77, brush 76, by the electromagnetic traction technology, it is flexible and changeable that its controlling schemes will become, and can obtain more flexibly accurately various controlling schemes by sensor, computer controlled system in the reality.As shown in the figure: electromagnetic chuck is arranged in the thrust plate of both sides, its work step is identical with mechanical-type, producing electromagnetic attraction during work selects stream friction disc 80 with mobile armature and tightly is pulled together and finishes the transmission of moment of torsion, movably select the short-stroke movement duplicate invoice knot that passes through the convex-concave Spielpassung between flow table sheet 80 and the diversion disk 82, but can move to axial transmitting torque simultaneously, the two is involved by reset spring 81, after the electromagnetic chuck dead electricity, select flow table sheet 80 and just under reset spring 81 effects, separate with thrust plate.In addition, the bullet pad 78 on the thrust plate also plays the auxiliary reset effect, and it and reset spring play jointly and reset and cushioning effect, can make fast in dead electricity moment and select the flow table sheet and separate with thrust plate, helps reducing wearing and tearing and power consumption, plays the damping noise reduction effect simultaneously.Diversion disk 82 in this mechanism is only made reciprocating rotating, does not move axially, and selects stream and be fixed connection, transmitting torque between clutch spindle.(annotate: the legend situation represents that current state is electric for the right side electromagnetic chuck gets, and flow table sheet and thrust plate adhesive transmitting torque are selected in the diversion disk right side.)

Attention: the stream balance 38 of selecting that also available mechanical-type is selected in the stream clutch in this mechanism directly is subjected to the interior electromagnetic chuck traction of thrust plate to select flow shaping, but its quality is big, and responsiveness is poor slightly.Electromagnetic chuck also can be arranged in the diversion disk 82, links to each other with the both sides thrust plate by sliding pair and mobile armature is selected stream friction disc 80.But: in Figure 21 mechanic mode, diversion disk is made reciprocating rotating, and effect is bad.In structure shown in Figure 25, diversion disk is done unidirectional rotation, and the both sides thrust plate is made reciprocating rotating, so electromagnetic chuck should be arranged in the diversion disk under this type of mechanic mode.

In addition: also can be externally draw and select stream balance 38 and finish the stream motion shaping work of selecting with tractive magnet/electromagnetic chuck, reach this electromagnetism equally and select stream clutch effect, can realize simplified design on the basis of current collection magnetic control system advantage like this, make the associated electrical magnetic cell not participate in mechanical motion (referring to Figure 28 related content).

Figure 32: translating follower cylindrical cam reversable gearbox arrangement figure series

As shown in the figure: the input rotation/linear motion converting mechanism in this programme is made up of the translating follower cylindrical cam mechanism, cylindrical cam 84 is the driving link that rotatablely moves, input lock speed pillow 22 is connected with roller 34 and constitutes the roller translating follower, its characteristics of motion is controlled by cam profile, then can reach pace of movement as scheduled by the appropriate design profilogram, because the design flexibility of cam profile curve makes the movement locus of translating follower can reach conversion of motion effect in Figure 21 mechanism equally, that is: allow input lock speed and rest the head on the characteristics of motion effect that reaches shown in Figure 29 image A part, the linearity sector uniform motion, transition reciprocating reversing district is simple harmonic motion.Its cam profile curve unfolded drawing and characteristics of motion image analysis (as shown in figure 33).For obtaining the output of continuous power stream, two symmetrical speed change units can be set at same cam diverse location place, left and right sides two-phase speed change unit is structurally identical, but on the operation step, its work phase difference was 1/4 or 3/4 cycle, and then the input of two units lock speed pillow 22 and roller 34 are connected and constitute the roller translating follower and be phase difference 90 degree and arrange (as shown in the figure) on monocycle working profile formula cam; In addition: cam profile also can be designed to the multicycle formula as required, and profilogram is the binary cycle formula as shown in figure 34, and the input lock speed pillow of every camera set affects by two rollers that are 180 degree symmetric arrangement mutually, and bidirectional balanced symmetry is stressed, optimizes stressed effect.

The output rotation/linear motion converting mechanism of this speed changer is made up of gear, rackwork, tooth bar 11 is connected mutually with output lock speed pillow 26, rest the head on 26 straight line motions and be converted into and rotatablely move by lock speed with gear 12 engagement, the identical gear engagement of this gear with another, two gears link to each other with a free wheel device respectively, and the clutch rotation direction of two free wheel devicees is identical, because the rotation direction of two engaging gears is opposite, so two clutch working state complementations, two free wheel devicees cog and the unidirectional torque of composite gear engagement output by the other end axle respectively.This two-way continuous operation formula free wheel device schematic diagram of mechanism is seen Figure 32 .4, Figure 32 .5, and wherein: be made up of 5 cylindrical gearss, 2 free wheel devicees among Figure 32 .4, two free wheel device alternate turns work realize two-way continuous output torque.Its dynamic process is: establishes when turning clockwise with the tooth bar meshed gears, and the work of top free wheel device, the below clutch is in and surmounts the idle running attitude, otherwise, when being rotated counterclockwise, the work of below free wheel device, the top surmounts idle running.Be made up of 1 cylindrical gears, 3 cone gears, 2 free wheel devicees among Figure 32 .5, respectively adorning a free wheel device with tooth bar meshed gears both sides, two free wheel devicees are respectively by bevel gear and the unidirectional torque of a public bevel gear engagement output.

In addition: also can directly import the above disclosed stream clutch of selecting by rotatablely moving of pinion and-rack rotation/linear motion converting mechanism output and select flow shaping and finish unidirectional rotary motion output.(in like manner: this gear rack switching mechanism also can be used for other variable speed model mechanism, as is used for Figure 21 mechanism).

For adapting to multiple workplace, this type of mechanism can multiple space layout setting, lists several representative configuration structures among Figure 32, and Figure 32 .1 structure helps dwindling the body longitudinal size; Figure 32 .2 structure helps dwindling the body transverse dimension; And the layout of Figure 32 .3 is compacter, but two-phase speed change unit distance is far away, is unfavorable for unified speed governing, needs to be connected the control of realization one by 85 pairs of two-phase speed control systems of synchronous variable-speed driving mechanism.Figure 32 .6 is the cylindrical cam movement conversion mechanism figure that inwall is provided with working profile, this scheme with cam inside as working space, can be at the cam contour that does not increase the bigger trace of design on the body Outside Dimensions basis, help not reducing the lower straight line motion of output reciprocating frequence under the linear velocity prerequisite, and make the further compactness of airframe configuration.

For promoting the transmission accuracy of translating follower cam mechanism, the shape sealing mode of cam and driven member can be taked measure as shown in figure 35, and wherein: Figure 35 .1 is two roller matrix profile groove cylindrical cam mechanisms; Figure 35 .2 is two roller convex profile groove cylindrical cam mechanisms, these two kinds of shape sealing modes are by can tightly contacting with the both sides trough wall surface of cam profile groove by free rotating pair of roller to each other, and belong to the pure rolling contact, have advantages such as transmission accuracy height, wearing and tearing are little, noise is low.

Figure 36: translating follower disc cam reversable gearbox arrangement figure, this scheme adopts the input rotation/linear motion converting mechanism of translating follower disk cam mechanism as speed changer.Obvious: the disc cam structure more helps the compactness design, two-phase variable-speed motor group can be arranged on same disc cam both sides respectively, optimizes space layout.For the lock speed tie road that makes two-phase speed change unit is parallel to each other so that unify speed governing with comparatively simple synchronous variable-speed driving mechanism 85, and the alternate relay work output continuous power of guaranteeing two camera set flows, the profile layout phase place of disc cam both sides should differ 1/4 (or 3/4) periodic arrangement (referring to plan view by diagramatic way, plan view, the corresponding knowledge figure of left view, solid line in the plan view wherein, dotted line is represented the cam front respectively, the profilogram at the back side), for simplifying and improve adjusting speed accuracy, also can arrange that the disc cam of two-phase speed change unit need separate setting in the case by mode shown in Figure 36 .1.

Annotate: for simplifying map sheet, do not draw among this figure of mechanism after output lock speed pillow 26 parts, can be with reference to the preamble correlogram

Figure 37: disc cam profilogram figure and characteristics of motion image analysis, the profilogram design of disc cam is similar to cylindrical cam, its aim purpose is to make the movement locus of translating follower reach conversion of motion effect in Figure 21 mechanism equally, that is: when the driving link disc cam at the uniform velocity rotates, input lock speed pillow reaches the characteristics of motion effect shown in Figure 29 image A part, the linearity sector uniform motion, transition reciprocating reversing district is simple harmonic motion.Wherein: (I) figure represents the monocycle type; (II) figure represents the binary cycle type; (III) figure represents 4 preiodic types.That is: disc cam rotates a circle, and corresponding driven member spare is finished 1,2,4 working in reciprocating mode cycle period respectively.Abscissa is made in the angle of rotation displacement of driving link disc cam, y coordinate is made in the straight-line displacement of driven member, just obtain dynamic motion image separately, for the ease of unified with the contrast of preamble Figure 29 image, when disc cam at the uniform velocity rotated in season, abscissa just available time axle replaced (seeing corresponding separately right figure).Annotate: abscissa is represented the disc cam period of rotation

Figure 38: two roller type translating follower disk cam mechanisms, similar with Figure 35 scheme, disc cam is taked can tightly to contact with the both sides trough wall surface of cam profile groove by free rotating pair of roller to each other with the shape sealing mode of driven member.Wherein: Figure 38 .1 is two roller matrix profile slotted disk shape cam mechanisms; Figure 38 .2 is two roller convex profile slotted disk shape cam mechanisms.In Figure 38 .2 left view: the solid line section represents disc cam A-A to profile cross section, the double dot dash line section represents disc cam B-B to profile cross section, and profilogram purpose thus arranged in both sides is in order to guarantee the alternate relay work output continuous power stream of two camera set on being parallel to each other the basis in the lock of two-phase speed change unit speed tie road equally.

Figure 39: isogonism speed is with the continuous rotary-type stepless speed variator erection drawing of morpheme (such transmission mechanism sketch of Figure 39 .1)

At the disclosed parallel sight alignment transmission principle pattern of preamble theory part (two)---continuous Rotation type (referring to Figure 14,15), specifically implement the structure elaboration:

Such speed changer is generally by input shaft, output shaft, input, output traction synchronous pulley, and Idle wheel, input, output traction be band synchronously, pressurization device, speed change rotation assembly, ring-shaped guide rail, parts such as arrangements for speed regulation are formed.

Wherein: speed change rotation assembly reaches the lock speed piece that is the sliding pair cooperation with it by the some shifting arms with common rotating center and forms, shifting arm on the same straight line is the state of being connected, shifting arm on the different straight lines has rotational freedom independent of each other within the specific limits, and detail is referring to Figure 43.Separating the offside problem of transition that enters ring-shaped guide rail camber line district with traction belt in order to solve each shifting arm, shifting arm is linked to each other by offside extension spring 95 to each other, " angular velocity difference is shaken " effect that so both can remedy between the different shifting arms in working area (refers to: in the working area that combines with traction belt, because the uniform motion of traction belt makes shifting arm present the speed ripple phenomenon of certain rule with the fast piece of lock moving radially on shifting arm, this pulsation phenomenon fluctuation ratio on the shifting arm that is in the different operating phase place differs in size, thereby caused the differential phenomenon of instant angular velocity between the different shifting arms), it is offside to finish transition by the offside extension spring that is connected with each other when entering the camber line track regions again, simultaneously, but the angular displacement shift phenomenon that shifting arm forms in the working area is eliminated in the bidirectional balanced elastic force effect of offside extension spring also automatic immediate, and the angle that recovers between each shifting arm is divided equally attitude.

The synchronous tape sorting of continuous rotary-type variable transmission traction:

(1) flat pattern traction belt, a: metal mold---be with synchronously by the hole shape sheet metal lamination that the thin metal band (the endless metal thin slice that punches above) of multilayer punching is formed by stacking, the hole is corresponding layer by layer on every layer of metal tape forms engaging tooth engagement (as Figure 39 .3) on engaging hole and the special-purpose traction synchronous pulley; B: nonmetal type---the nonmetal flat pattern band by punching or hole constitutes.Its work structuring principle is similar to metal mold, difference only is: because nonmetallic flexible good, so needn't take the superimposed composition of multilayer thin tape, adopt the thicker one-piece type mode setting of individual layer to get final product (annotate: the intensity of special organic material is not second to metal, so select for use the traction belt of suitable nonmetallic material manufacturing can transmit very big power equally)! Adopt the advantage of flat pattern traction belt to be: the pressuring chain plate that adds of fitting with it is the contact of plane face, and the pressurization area is big; Driven tensioning pulley needn't be established profile of tooth, can be light face wheel, reduces cost, reduce with engaging hole wearing and tearing and noise.Annotate: the synchronous band in the Reciprocatory variable speed type of preamble is the available metal band also, increases intensity, reduced volume, advantage such as have that efficient height, bearing capacity are big, compact dimensions, life-span are long.

(2) combined traction belt, a: the parallel combination of flat pattern band and toothed belt is (as used traction belt among Figure 42, from the left view cutaway view Amplified image as seen: pressor areas is the flat pattern band in the middle of the traction belt, the sync pulling district of both sides is a toothed belt, annotate: in order clearly to represent, distinguish the pressurization device details, with pressurization device with add the pressuring chain plate device and separate expression, that is: press body 102, compression roller 103 devices are only drawn in the left side, the right is only drawn and is added pressuring chain plate 104, carrier bar Idle wheel 106 devices, both sides are identical in the reality, shown in plan view).B: the layering combination of flat pattern metal tape and nonmetal toothed belt, this type of traction belt is mainly used in the electromagnetic traction occasion (as used composite electromagnetic traction belt among Figure 45, internal layer is nonmetal profile of tooth engagement layer, realize sync pulling with the synchronous pulley engagement, outer electromagnetism adhesive traction layer for the manufacturing of ferromagnetic metal sheeting material, be used for realizing magnetic attracting pressurization traction with electromagnetic chuck, in addition: the flat pattern metallic traction band among the also available Figure 39 .3 of electromagnetic traction band).

(3) conventional synchronization toothed belt, common flat pattern band, the synchronous band of traction in this speed changer also can be selected the conventional synchronization toothed belt for use, but add pressuring chain plate one side the profile of tooth (as Figure 42 .1) of coincideing with it need be arranged, the less and also available common flat pattern band replacement of the low occasion of required precision at power.

Working principle: as shown in figure 39, input shaft 4 input kinetic currents import flat pattern metallic traction band 105 through traction synchronous pulley 90, input output traction belt group is formed (as A, B two-part among the figure) by two parallel opposed traction belts arranged side by side respectively, identical and the speed synchronization of working edge traffic direction of two opposed traction belts, each traction belt working surface is exerted pressure to it by pressurization device, pressurization device by press body 102, compression roller 103, add pressuring chain plate 104 etc. and form (details sees Figure 42 for details), tightly clamp by friction and draw kind of drive transmitted power entering wherein lock speed piece.Lock and be the sliding pair relation between fast piece and the speed change lever and connect, can move freely that (sliding pair cover is formed sliding pair and connected on the slide bar of shifting arm own and the fast piece of lock along speed change lever, can directly lean on the two cooperation to form sliding type sliding pair＜can serve as a contrast and add low coefficient of friction material flip sleeve and lubricant oil 〉, also can adopt existing multiple rolling type sliding pair, as Figure 39 .2), lock fast piece itself simultaneously and can freely rotate (seeing Figure 40,41,42 relevant portions for details) around the fast running shaft 112 of lock again, reach in transferring power and can move freely, rotate about locking fast piece details.Ring-shaped guide rail 91 is orbits (the effective exercise track that enters after combining with traction belt is determined jointly by effective working area of effective working surface of traction belt and ring-shaped guide rail) of the fast piece of lock, ring-shaped guide rail is by track linearity sector (working area), camber line district (transition zone) forms, carry out track constraint positioning and guiding to locking fast piece, its input output working area track is parallel to each other, guarantee to lock fast piece and when effectively working, realize characteristic speed changes such as instant, that is: guarantee in the speed-change process " the same morpheme of isogonism speed " form (design principle---ring-shaped guide rail linearity sector scope should be greater than the effective working area of traction belt length, that is: reach the traction of when making the fast piece of lock be in the linear movement state fully, being allowed for access have synchronously imitate the working area).Compare with preamble " parallel sight alignment " transmission principle pattern (), main being of the advantage speed change lever of this scheme back and forth operate to continuous unidirectional rotation, saved a series of linear reciprocating motion conversion links, the efficient that operates steadily height! In conjunction with simplified schematic diagram 14 above, the input output traction that this mechanism utilizes continuous unidirectional operation synchronously band to have in the speed change rotation assembly common rotating center by the equally distributed a series of continuous cycle operation shifting arms of certain angle by the fast piece one after the other of its corresponding lock in conjunction with realizing power delivery.Regulate speed change rotating center axle position continuously by the speed governing handle and can realize stepless change.

In continuous rotation speed change pattern, input, output structurally basic identical (as: I/O traction belt, I/O traction belt wheel mechanism basic identical), this advantage helps simplified design, reduces production costs.

Annotate: to repeating of " input, output traction the be band synchronously " notion mentioned among preamble Figure 14,15---in rotation type continuously, input is from the no essential distinction of structure, " input, output traction be band synchronously " only is the notional differentiation of a kind of function, actual functional capability, structure do not have essential distinction, even are used interchangeably (but exchanging the use life-saving in use for some time as automobile tire).In order further to enlarge slewing range, can take " phase-splitting " plan of establishment, make the fast number of blocks minimizing of lock in every phase speed change rotation assembly, the shifting arm angle increases, and takes elastic connection way to eliminate " angular velocity difference is shaken " effect between phase and phase.Design principle: each links to each other between the traction belt, and each is the elastic coupling flexible coupling mode mutually and connects (seeing hereinafter Figure 46 .2 content for details) between the speed change rotation assembly.

Figure 40: lock fast block structural diagram () Figure 41: lock fast block structural diagram (two)

Figure 42: inside and outside two-orbit restricted type and pressurization device structural drawing

As shown in the figure: lock fast piece by: lock fast positioning seat 111, radial bearing 41, the fast running shaft 112 of lock, sliding pair cover 100, the fast piece traction of lock otic placode 101, the fast piece pressure-bearing connecting body 110 of lock, friction pulling face 97, guide roller 98 etc. and form.Locking fast running shaft 112 connects firmly with sliding pair cover 100, and pass through radial bearing 41 and lock fast positioning seat 111 formation revolute pairs to connect, lock fast positioning seat 111 and the fast piece traction of lock otic placode 101, lock fast piece pressure-bearing connecting body 110, friction pulling face 97 is fixedly connected and forms the fast piece main body frame of lock, friction pulling face 97 is exactly the outside of locking fast piece traction otic placode 101 in fact, its material selection and the big made of traction belt work combination surface friction factor, locking fast piece pressure-bearing connecting body 110 links up the two halves of symmetry, mainly bear from traction belt locking the impacting force of fast piece, for fear of overlapping 100 movement interference with ring-shaped guide rail 91 and sliding pair, pressure-bearing connecting body 110 is designed to shape as shown in the figure, in like manner, for fear of movement interference in track camber line district, lock fast positioning seat 111 and be designed to shape (typical example) as shown in the figure, it and guide roller 98 cooperate with ring-shaped guide rail 91 together the movement locus of locking fast piece are retrained guiding (totally 3 of the guide rollers in the diagram, middle roller cooperates with the fast positioning seat of lock and moves and retrain locking fast piece main body, the guide roller of both sides is that self rotational freedom of locking fast piece is carried out the particular range constraint, guarantee to lock the fast piece state of when entering the ring-shaped guide rail linearity sector, being kept upright, in the low occasion of precision, roller in the middle of also can removing, two guide rollers of installing by symmetry limit running orbit with the fast positioning seat of lock.In addition, can be designed to the fast piece of lock traction otic placode 101 fan-shaped or move eccentrically arranged type outward,, on the constant basis of the otic placode gross area, improve space layout, obtain bigger variator ratio range to obtain more concentrated useful space utilization ratio.

Consider assembling and processing problems, lock fast piece and can be designed to two semi-involution types, by bolt 114 with two semijoin one, (what bear when locking the work of fast piece is pressure, so the intensity of bolt is not had too big requirement) as shown in figure 41.

In addition, be the guiding of rolling, reduce wearing and tearing, on the fast positioning seat 111 of lock, can set up the opposed roller 113 of guiding, be reflected on the plan view i.e. under middle guide roller a place (seeing Figure 40,40.1 for details) for changing slide-and-guide.Also can take the scheme among Figure 41, will lock fast positioning seat 111 and be designed to circle, assemble big annular bearing with rolling contact at its outer surface and realize the guiding of rolling.In like manner: the double track constraint guiding type of Figure 42 is locked fast piece also can adopt full rolling contact type guiding, as b place among the figure guide roller slide-and-guide can be set and be the guiding of rolling.The two-orbit restricted type retrains guiding by the acting in conjunction of interior outside track to locking fast piece track inside and outside being somebody's turn to do, and locks the operation in the middle of double track of fast piece, symmetrical configuration.For type among Figure 42 .4, though two-orbit takes same large-diameter roller bearing can not reach the rolling guide effect to the fast positioning seat constraint of folder lock guiding type theoretically, but in practice, large-diameter roller bearing does not contact simultaneously with interior outside track (moreover after entering the working area and traction belt combines, this guide rail is only made auxiliary guiding, track camber line transition zone then to the guiding no required precision, precision prescribed height in the short range that enters the working area track only, the ring-shaped guide rail at all the other positions can have big gap with the fast interblock of lock), so take this structure still meaningful, can reach the rolling guide effect!

Pass through the continuous type (as Figure 40,41) of pressure-bearing connecting body for the fast piece two side traction otic placodes of lock, because both sides are fixedly connected, freedom of movement is identical, can be only at the one-sided ring-shaped guide rail that is provided with, but link to each other type (as lock speed block type corresponding among Figure 42 by thrust-bearing 40 for the fast piece of lock left and right sides two halves, such locks fast piece left and right sides two halves separate design, carry traction belt to locking the impacting force of fast piece by thrust-bearing, cancelled the fast piece pressure-bearing connecting body 110 of lock, two side chains speed traction otic placode has rotational freedom relatively freely), then must set up ring-shaped guide rail respectively.

Annotate: the only true typical case of the mechanism typical example of executing of the fast piece of the disclosed all types of locks of this patent, do not represent concrete kind restriction, each locks fast piece characteristics can intersect the reference Combination Design, and for example: the thrust-bearing type among Figure 42 also can be taked the monorail constraint guidance mode among Figure 40,41; In addition: lock fast piece and on the basis of satisfying intensity and driving power, should reduce quality and traction otic placode size as far as possible,, obtain wider gear ratio to reduce the rotary system rotary inertia and to dwindle working space.

Figure 42,42.1,42.2,42.3 is the pressurization device correlogram of this patent, by press body 102, compression roller 103, add pressuring chain plate 104, carrier bar Idle wheel 106 is formed, the pressure of press body passes to through compression roller and adds on the pressuring chain plate, adding pressuring chain plate is the carrier bar composition (as Figure 42 .2) that carrier bar pin 1 16 hinged single convex-concaves plug together overlap joint, also can combine (as Figure 42 .3) by the interlaced overlap joint of two row's carrier bars, realize pressing, reach the steady effect of pressurizeing continuously with the free of discontinuities of compression roller 103.Adding the pressuring chain plate opposite side contacts with the traction belt inner side surface, evenly with propagation of pressure in traction belt, in running, add pressuring chain plate and compression roller and only traction belt produced vertical forward impacting force, unpowered on the traction belt traffic direction, be driven form operation with traction belt.The pressurization power of press body 102 can be loaded spring power, mechanical rigid power, electromagnetic force, hydropneumatic power etc.For general occasion, should take the elastic floating mode to compress, at special occasions,, do not have how much and slide because the traction belt of this type of speed changer belongs to full tangential manner clutch synchronously with the fast piece of lock, easily realize accurate pressurization, so also can take rigid manner to compress.

Figure 43: shifting arm assembly erection drawing and parts drawing

The shifting arm assembly is made up of the some shifting arms with common rotating center, because " angular velocity difference is shaken " effect when entering the working area between different shifting arms, make that the shifting arm on the different straight lines can not be fixedly connected, need taking as shown in the figure, mode connects, shifting arm on the same straight line is fixedly connected by the same coupling ring that cooperates with radial bearing, shifting arm on the different straight lines connects by the different coupling rings with common axis of rotation, has rotational freedom independent of each other within the specific limits, in order to solve each shifting arm problem in separate offside the reaching back of transition that enters ring-shaped guide rail camber line district with traction belt, shifting arm is linked to each other by offside extension spring 95 to each other.Figure 43 .1 is the axial arranged schemes of different coupling rings, has less radial dimension, is used for big gear ratio speed governing field; Figure 43 .2,43.3 is different coupling ring radial arrangement schemes, and the radial dimension stack has big radial dimension, is used for the less field of speed adjustable range; Stressed for improving, can take Figure 43 .3 mode symmetry to connect, illustrated case belongs to non-disconnectable type, and knockdown type is taked bolted on connection at the corresponding weld of diagram.In like manner, stressed for improving, the axial arranged scheme of different coupling rings also can increase balance reinforcement shaft of rib 119 and carry out symmetry connection (as Figure 43 .4, this diagram belongs to knockdown type, takes Bolt Connection between strengthening rib 119 and the shifting arm).In the less occasion of speed adjustable range, the shifting arm range of translation is less, can reduce shifting arm quantity in right amount, simplified structure (as Figure 43 .5 is 3 pairs of shifting arms, the compact structure symmetry).In addition, the short and less occasion of speed adjustable range when the effective working area of traction belt, 3 adjacent shifting arms to not occur and combine situation with traction belt simultaneously, that is: adjacent 3 shifting arms can not participate in work simultaneously, being reflected among Figure 43 .6 is m1, m2 can not participate in the combination of traction belt simultaneously, in other words: angle can not participate in work simultaneously more than or equal to the shifting arm of 90 degree, so, for simplified structure, improve stressed, the shifting arm that angle can be equaled 90 degree is fixed on (as Figure 43 .6) on the same coupling ring, and, this mode also can be optimized the offside operating mode of shifting arm in the camber line track regions, reduces shifting arm greatly and carries out the offside zone of elastic traction transition by the offside spring of traction.Annotate: for reducing the map sheet amount, amplify the connection details, each shifting arm illustrated lengths and actual conditions have shortening significantly, and concrete ratio can be referring to erection drawing

Figure 44: continuous rotary-type stepless speed variator practical application assembling legend.In actual applications, generally take the parallel vertical assembly technology of input output traction belt, the advantage of doing like this is: during (1) speed governing the translation direction of speed change rotation assembly be level to, be convenient to realize light speed governing; (2) traction belt is vertical operation, can not produce micro-deflection deformation because of gravity effect, locks fast precision height, velocity ratio good stability, strong interference immunity; (3) be convenient to traction oil film reservation on the traction belt, under the comprehensive effect of gravity and pulling motion, evenly distribute automatically; (4) help fully recovering the pulsating shift phenomenon of angle of rotation displacement during the offside and angle of the better transition of shifting arm returns.

Figure 44 .2,44.3 middle shifting arm has been taked the scalability design, shifting arm is divided into two, two-part are the sliding pair relation by the secondary cover 120 of telescopic moving and connect, inside part links to each other with the shifting arm coupling ring, external lateral portion is the revolute pair relation with the fast piece of lock and is connected, cancelled sliding pair, reached do not surmount all the time in track limit position, speed-change process shifting arm termination peripheral annular guide rail enclosed space scope (this lock other structure of fast piece and preamble roughly the same, details can be referring to Figure 40,41,42 correlograms), so the peripheral annular guide rail also can be provided with the type structure type that merges into a single whole by preamble bilateral.If device Returnning spring 81 also can remove inner track (as shown in the figure) in sliding pair cover 120.This structure can be dwindled speed changer bulk to a great extent.

Figure 45: electromagnetic traction type speed changer erection drawing

As shown in the figure: traction band is synchronously taked electromagnetism adhesive mode of traction with the cohesive process of the fast piece of lock, locks fast piece and is made up of electromagnetic chuck 123, the fast positioning seat 111 of lock, radial bearing 41, the fast running shaft 112 of lock, sliding pair cover 100 etc.; Corresponding electromagnetic traction band is the combined electromagnetic traction belt, as shown in the figure: internal layer is nonmetal profile of tooth engagement layer, realize sync pulling with the synchronous pulley engagement, outer electromagnetism adhesive traction layer for the manufacturing of ferromagnetic metal sheeting material is used for and electromagnetic chuck is realized magnetic attracting pressurization traction; Speed change rotation assembly is made up of speed change dish 121, radial track 122, electromagnetic lock speed piece etc.After taking the electromagnetic traction scheme, realize that by Electromagnetic Control the lock interlocking work step of fast piece of different straight lines can eliminate " angular velocity difference is shaken " effect between different shifting arms when entering the working area, so each shifting arm can take the one mode to be provided with, taked integrated disc type speed changing structure as shown in the figure, all sliding pair covers 100 of locking fast piece cooperate with radial track 122 on the speed change dish 121, retrained by ring-shaped guide rail 91 and lead.The electromagnetic chuck operating current is introduced through brush, electricity ring, slip static touching plate, movable touching plate by external control circuit, " interlocking is preferential " control principle is followed in its control: it is identical that the lock speed piece electromagnetic chuck on the same straight line gets electric situation, lock speed piece on the different straight lines gets electric situation and has interlocking capability, that is: each constantly can only have the electromagnetic chuck of a pair of conllinear to get electric work, and press priority principle control, always make the lock speed piece priority task that is in best stress.

The advantage of electromagnetism speed change dish: electromagnetic attraction belongs to system's internal force; system's balance voluntarily in local; need not pressurization device; flexible and changeable, the convenient easy accent of control mode; owing to can guarantee the interlocking traction; so when speed governing, can obtain bigger power-assisted interval, realize the interval quick easily speed governing effect of the wide power-assisted identical with the Reciprocatory effect.Belong to a solid axle type classification, all are locked fast piece and are arranged on the same solid of rotation, and integrated disc type speed variator system is rational in infrastructure, simple and reliable, operates steadily, offside smoothly.

In addition: because the fast piece of lock causes the rotational angular velocity of speed change dish to present pulsating nature traveling at the uniform speed of track linearity sector, should reduce speed change rotation assembly rotary inertia as much as possible, so can take structure shown in Figure 43 .7, all shifting arms are fixedly linked in the integrated type speed change dish that replaces containing radial track on the same coupling ring.

This figure represents double track to folder constraint tracks type, also can take Figure 39 single track restricted type, increase and electromagnetic chuck can be designed to square, fan-shaped behind the guide-localization roller or move eccentrically arranged type outward, to obtain more concentrated useful space utilization ratio, on the constant basis of the sucker gross area, improve space layout, obtain bigger variator ratio range.In addition: the flat pattern metallic traction band among the also available Figure 39 .3 of electromagnetic traction band.Lock fast positioning seat also can as Figure 42 .4 add annular bearing with rolling contact reduce wearing and tearing.

This electromagnetism interlocking control mode is locked fast piece in difference in principle and is taken turns to operate and alternately constantly overlapping working area can not be arranged, so exist the cutout of power circuit microgap interval, for the continuity of abundant guaranteed output stream and stable load, can take two-shipper group dislocation intersection relay mode to work, eliminate this of short duration kinetic current discontinuity area (as Figure 45 .1), obtain the output of steady continuous power stream.At this moment, the traction belt double-face working, for reducing the traction belt carrying capacity, the traction belt wheel can be designed to two-wheel drives, that is: driving wheel, driven Idle wheel all are made as driving wheel, drive drawing synchronous band together,, eliminate the power circuit string and carry phenomenon so that the traction belt zones of different is realized the power circuit load sharing.In fact, when control accuracy higher, can reach moment when the lock of two adjacent alternations speed piece is in same symmetrical phase realize alternately clutch then can overlapping work (because the fast piece radial dimension of two locks equates this moment, has same line speed), even cutout is arranged, this cutout is also very little at interval, so in general occasion, still take the work of unit group.

Figure 46: electromagnetic traction type speed changer subseries

Scheme shown in Figure 46 .1 is that the fast piece bilateral symmetry of lock is provided with electromagnetic chuck in this scheme at the reinforcement design mode of the one-sided force status of the fast piece of lock among Figure 45, and takes two group traction belt through-put powers, increases bearer cap, is applicable to the big occasion of power.

Figure 46 .2: in order further to enlarge slewing range, two-phase (or heterogeneous) speed change unit side by side can be set, the fast number of blocks of original lock is divided into two groups of (or many groups) phase-splitting settings, reduce the fast number of blocks of lock in every camera set, but the Electromagnetic Control step still is equivalent to single-phase type, that is: control by " interlocking is preferential " principle in the polyphaser class range.In fact: after phase-splitting is provided with, can reaches elimination microgap kinetic current disruption simultaneously and enlarge the gear ratio effect as long as take elasticity to connect between phase and phase.That is: in every phase speed change dish, evenly distribute and be provided with one group and lock fast piece, connect (as Figure 46 .2 by elastic coupling flexible coupling between phase and phase, about the radial track distribution situation is as shown at right on the two speed change dishes, for the reduction map sheet has been taked the reduce in scale drafting), this elastic coupling flexible coupling 127 is equivalent to the effect of offside extension spring 95, it makes between the two-phase and both was implicative of each other, keep certain rotational freedom again, thereby realized having eliminated " angular velocity difference is shaken " effect on the smooth offside basis can drawing mutually, make and interlocking to control between the two-phase, between the homophase lock fast piece allow to exist electric juxtaposition working area, eliminated microgap kinetic current disruption, obtained the output of continuous power stream by the complementary work of the speed of the lock between two-phase piece.

In like manner: the described mechanical traction type of Figure 39 speed changer also can be taked as the phase-splitting set-up mode among Figure 46 .2, make the fast number of blocks minimizing of lock in every phase speed change rotation assembly, the shifting arm angle increases, and takes elastic connection way to eliminate " angular velocity difference is shaken " effect between phase and phase.Thereby obtain wider slewing range.Design principle: each links to each other between the traction belt, respectively is the elastic coupling flexible coupling mode mutually between the speed change rotation assembly and connects.At special occasions, in order to reduce speed changer thickness as far as possible, can take to arrange speed changer structure as Figure 46 .3 mode, electromagnetic traction band and the equal radial arrangement of electromagnetic lock speed piece, shifting arm is taked the scalability design, and its concrete structure sees Figure 44 .3 for details.

Figure 47: laterally to folder trailed model transmission mechanism figure

Figure 47 .1 is this type of transmission mechanism sketch, this scheme and Figure 39 type overall setup are roughly the same, difference is: traction belt is different with the combination of the fast piece of lock, take laterally to the folder traction, compare with the former, the fast piece of side-mounted lock in this scheme 128 is simple in structure, lock fast positioning seat 111, lock fast running shaft 112, radial bearing 41, sliding pair cover 100 is all in the lateral part of the pressure-bearing traction body 129 of locking fast piece, the sliding pair swing space that cooperates with shifting arm is not locked fast piece and is interfered restriction, the inside of pressure-bearing traction body 129 does not have any component, helps dwindling the long-pending and stressed design of optimization of the fast block of lock.Its details sees Figure 47 .2 for details, and this figure is the one-sided type that is provided with of pressure-bearing traction body, has deflection component, but simple in structure, in the big occasion of power, can overlap 100 bilateral symmetry at the shifting arm sliding pair pressure-bearing traction body is set, and set up one group of trailer system, shown in Figure 47 .1.

Figure 47 .3 is simplifying the internal structure of an organization at preamble Figure 39 scheme, take one-sided traction belt to carry out the pressing traction to locking fast piece, opposite side is by balance pressure-bearing device balance plus-pressure, as shown in the figure, contact the balance pressurization device to locking the impacting force of fast piece by the balance pressure-bearing roller 130 on the shifting arm and balance bearing disc 131, the lock speed piece of this moment has also become original half (as Figure 47 .3.1), simplified structure, reduces rotary inertia.In addition,, also can remove the roller Equilibrator, but like this speed change rotation assembly will be subjected to larger axis to power, and can take to solve axially setting up thrust-bearing for further simplifying the internal structure of an organization.In order to improve stressed surface of contact, can take the contact of cone pulley face, but need Balance disc to be synchronized with the movement with the speed governing piece, make balance bearing disc 131 central shafts coaxial with speed change rotary middle spindle 9 all the time.Can take Balance disc fixed static type in general occasion.

Figure 48: isogonism speed is with the spatial structure type embodiment model sketch of morpheme stepless speed variator

Explanation1: illustrate that various transmission types are all followed " isogonism speed is with the morpheme motion principle ", " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle.

2: lock fast track and arrange on the direction perpendicular to drawing, the section among the figure is the vertical cross-section (as Figure 21) of the fast track of lock,

In like manner: lock speed pillow is moving on the direction perpendicular to drawing as shown in the figure along the fast track of lock.

3: the sliding pair of mark k serves as speed governing piece function among the figure, only in speed regulation process, move along the direction of arrow, be in resting state at ordinary times, this is (to allow to move along the fast parallel track direction of lock with lock speed pillow in the direction perpendicular to drawing with the different distinctive points of other sliding pair, as Figure 48 .2,48.4, at this moment: the m bar that is connected with lock speed pillow is exactly the equivalent speed governing track of speed governing piece k, thus only otherwise relatively the rail-guided direction of speed governing be moved just can not change velocity ratio).

4: element moves with the speed governing piece at speed regulation process in the diagram frame of broken lines.

5: the arbitrary variable-speed unit in the diagram (referring to: lock speed pillow, the fast track of lock and the combination of corresponding shifting arm) all can be used as speed changer and inputs or outputs the variable-speed unit design, that is: will be wherein a variable-speed unit as the input variable-speed unit, then another variable-speed unit then is the output variable speed unit, vice versa, all is used interchangeably.

6: the universal component of this figure does not mark piece number, can be referring to Figure 49---schematic diagram of mechanism universal component symbol table

Input output variable-speed unit among Figure 48 .1 (refers to: lock speed pillow, lock fast track and shifting arm) be positioned at same level position, and symmetric arrangement, input, the output variable speed arm separates setting, connecting the isogonism speed double universal coupling 132 variable apart from the telescopic freedom by one group of two ends connects two shifting arms, also promptly: shifting arm can be transmitted to another shifting arm by this isogonism speed double universal coupling 132 around the torque of rotary middle spindle, make two shifting arms have isogonism speed kinetic characteristic, and import, output variable speed unit correlation satisfies " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle ", but and by the effective shifting arm length of the position stepless change of stepless mobile speed governing piece k, so this gear has " etc. rule stepless change characteristic ".In addition, according to the occasion demand, the input output variable-speed unit can be positioned at Different Plane, constitutes space variable speed model (as: variable-speed unit revolves to turn 90 degrees lock speed pillow movement locus to be become along rotary middle spindle 9 and is parallel to the figure paper plane).

Two shifting arms are fixedly connected among Figure 48 .2, each lock speed pillow is the sliding pair relation with speed governing piece k when speed governing, be fixedly connected during not speed governing, and by corresponding revolute pair, sliding pair and the continuous formation of corresponding shifting arm speed change gear, obvious: along direction of arrow step-less adjustment speed governing piece k position, change itself and rotary middle spindle 9 distances, then equivalence has changed rotary middle spindle 9 and the fast orbital distance of lock, also promptly changed effective shifting arm length, so velocity ratio changes.This scheme is by changing the orientation that is connected of two shifting arms, and this variable-speed unit orientation of synchronous change can develop and is space variable speed model (as: the parallel fixing mechanism of two shifting arms revolves to turn 90 degrees along rotary middle spindle 9 and is connected in will illustrating, and the synchronous variation of variable-speed unit promptly turns to the space variable speed model).

Figure 48 .3: the shared shifting arm of these scheme two variable-speed units, but apart from rotary middle spindle apart from difference, that is: effectively shifting arm is uneven in length, and then two effective shifting arm length ratios will change along direction of arrow step-less adjustment speed governing piece k position, so velocity ratio changes.These speed-regulating scheme characteristics are: speed governing piece k is more away from the fast track regions of lock, the two speed is approaching more, and its speed governing velocity ratio precision imperceptibility progressively, and the variance ratio of velocity ratio presents and becomes deceleration trend, but belong to the adjusting speed accuracy change type, but want clear and definite: its velocity ratio still is stepless variation.This quasi-mode is applicable to has different degree of regulation occasions to velocity ratio in the zones of different requirement, as: low velocity zone is required to have higher adjusting speed accuracy occasion.

Figure 48 .4,48.5,48.6,48.7 belongs to special space speed changing structure type, the input output variable-speed unit connects by space isogonism speed driving mechanism (being illustrated as the space bevel gear drive), input-output unit can be in any dimensional orientation setting (for ease of Succinct representation, illustrated mechanism still is drawn in the same plane)

Among Figure 48 .4: the speed governing piece, to lock fast piece, shifting arm Placement, mode of speed regulation similar to Figure 48 .2, difference is that two shifting arms connect by isogonism vt space gear, can change two variable-speed unit relative movement planes, thereby constitute the space gear, in like manner, can change velocity ratio along direction of arrow step-less adjustment speed governing piece k position.

Figure 48 .5,48.6 structures are close, and the speed governing piece, to lock fast piece, shifting arm Placement, mode of speed regulation similar to Figure 48 .1, difference is the isogonism speed bindiny mechanism difference of two shifting arms, speed regulation process movable component difference, during speed governing, along direction of arrow step-less adjustment speed governing piece k position, all same with it moved further of element in the frame of broken lines.Among Figure 48 .5: shifting arm rotary middle spindle 9 changes plane of movement by bevel gear drive group 31, and be connected by face gear 12 motion that realizes two variable-speed units that is meshed with a public overlength straight toothed spur gear 133, face gear 12 relative overlength straight toothed spur gears 133 move axially during speed governing, transmission angle speed does not change, guaranteed the transmission of isogonism speed, and rotary middle spindle 9 changes apart from the fast orbital distance of lock, has changed effective shifting arm length that is:, so change velocity ratio.(annotate: gear 12 also can be taked the helical gear drive mechanism with overlength cylindrical gears 133, but when speed governing, needing the mutual cooperation of two variable-speed units) Figure 49 .6 scheme takes feather key sliding pair 134 to link to each other between bevel gear drive group 31 and gear 12, can move axially simultaneously at transmitting torque, thereby make the interior element of frame of broken lines when speed governing is moved, guarantee the transmission of isogonism speed.In addition: two engaging gears 12 among Figure 48 .6 can be the space gears, can make whole more versatile and flexibleization of gear space layout.

Figure 48 .7 scheme is carried out speed governing by the change that the mobile space bevel gear tooth system obtains effective shifting arm, as shown in the figure, space bevel gear and shifting arm rotary middle spindle 9 are connected, shifting arm be connected by feather key sliding pair 134 between the rotary middle spindle 9 separately, can move axially simultaneously at transmitting torque, be between turnable sliding pair speed governing piece 135 and the rotary middle spindle 9 and rotate sliding pair and concern and be connected, only the radially translation displacement amount to rotary middle spindle 9 retrains, and is not only free to rotate but also can move axially between the two.When along continuous straight runs translation bevel gear tooth system, (B) the effective shifting arm length of variable-speed unit changes; When the vertical translation bevel gear tooth system, (A) the effective shifting arm length of variable-speed unit changes, in the practical operation level to, vertical displacement amount can regulate simultaneously realization more flexibly velocity ratio change.Except that Figure 48 .3, effective shifting arm of the two ends variable-speed unit of all the other gears all can be regulated at the same time or separately, is independent of each other, and these characteristics help quick style speed governing, makes the adjusting rule of velocity ratio realize changeable controlledization.

The disclosed class of establishment of this legend all is applicable to Reciprocatory and rotary-type continuously, the diagram typical example is reciprocal variable speed model, when being used for continuous rotation type, need, lock fast track and be changed to traction belt, lock fast piece, and single speed change lever is replaced (referring to the preamble associated mechanisms) by many shifting arms lock speed pillow.Shortcoming is: for the input output variable-speed unit mechanism in same plane of movement not, lock related elements such as fast piece and guide track, shifting arm in input end, output terminal mutual usefulness mostly not capable of circulation, need take input output element separate mode to be provided with respectively, increase amount of parts, mechanism is complicated.For as driving gear, bevel gear among Figure 48 .4,48.5,48.6,48.7, as be used in the Reciprocatory speed changer, then gear is only made reciprocally swinging, does not carry out big circumference and rotates continuously, so in the low speed occasion, in order to alleviate body weight, can use tooth sector.

In sum: for adapting to more occasion demands, improve power-weight ratio, power to volume ratio, can carry out the constant angular velocity transmission by any isogonism speed driving mechanism, variation mechanism and relevant plane, spatial motion conversion, driving mechanism (as: face gear, space gear, plane train, space train, axle, band, linkage mechanism, wire soft shaft transmission, worm drive, isogonism speed coupling etc.), in a word, as long as can satisfy isogonism speed transmission condition.Then can carry out random flexible spatial arrangement design according to " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle " guiding theory.In the specific demand occasion, can take the transmission of angle speed as required, obtain the rotating speed output of special speed change, specific rule!

Figure 49: schematic diagram of mechanism universal component symbol table is annotated: this component symbol table is the general symbol(s) at this patent

Figure 50: space transmission mechanism sketch

At gear check analysis among Figure 48, Figure 48 gear still belongs to the plane variable speed type, only be space layout structure each other between the different variable-speed units, the motion of same variable-speed unit inside still is plane motion, and also promptly: the motion of shifting arm still is plane motion.And gear belongs to the space variable speed type among this figure, and the motion of shifting arm is spatial motion.As shown in the figure: power circuit is by input shaft 4 inputs, through synchronous pulley 1, directly affect speed change lever 8 to be equivalent to the space pendulum motion of synchronous band circular flow track with 2 synchronously, this legend is a re alphapro type, export unidirectional torque (also can take alternate manner, referring to preamble) by pinion and rack through free wheel device at the speed change lever output terminal.But the position of step-less adjustment speed change lever rotary middle spindle 9 is the stepless change velocity ratio then.Because speed change lever is spatial motion, so its corresponding kinematic pair is a spatial kinematic pair, legend is depicted as the combined type swinging-ring mechanism.Annotate: the tape running track has high kinematic accuracy by the spacing constraint of special spacing guide track synchronously.Obvious: space type is similar to plane type stepless change mechanism, and difference is: the plane rocking (or rotation) of speed change lever has been become space swing (the space combination that also can regard heterogeneous plane rocking gear as is analyzed).Dissimilar for the space speed changer, its main distinction is the motion output element after the speed change lever speed change, the motion input element is generally taked to be transmitted power to by synchronous pulley and is with synchronously, synchronous band is hinge with speed change lever and is connected, so the running orbit of band will determine the space motion path of speed change lever synchronously; Its motion way of output can be taked Reciprocatory or rotary-type continuously, and the way of output of Reciprocatory is (but the reciprocal variable speed model dependency structure of reference plane) as shown in figure 50.Rotary-type continuously export structure is same similar to plane variable speed model mechanism, can be by folder traction belt or electromagnetism adhesive traction belt mode being exported (as: by the unidirectional continuous torque of unidirectional adhesive traction output of electromagnetic chuck and traction belt.In order to eliminate the interruption of kinetic current, can take multicomputer misphase position arrangement to solve.For make the fast piece of lock smoothly and traction belt enter engagement, be provided with the track boot section).This figure is a schematic diagram of mechanism, and it is basic identical that spatial mode and the input output campaign of plane are connected mechanism, and mechanisms such as its related elements detail can be with reference to the corresponding detail drawing of preamble plane variable speed type.

Summary language: 1:, the alternate relay work of heterogeneous mechanism can be set in order to obtain the output of continuous power stream.2: " class circular cone pendulum or pyramid pendulum, space pendulum " formula running orbit cross section of its space change lever can be: polygonals such as circle, ellipse, triangle, rectangle, Hexagon also can be: deformation curve and build-up curve.(as Fig. 8,9,10) 3: for this space-like speed changer, its rotary middle point of making the spatial motion speed change lever needs with the spatial kinematic pair constraint, available existing universal space ball bearing (as: mechanisms such as joint ball bearing, 3 D auto degree combined type pendulum ring).

Annotate 1: the subseries speed changer that equipped again other step change transmission is combined to form on this paper speed changer basis can obtain wider slewing range and bigger load power.

Annotate 2: for reducing friction, all available rolling pair of all sliding pairs replaces; Be simplified structure, all rolling pairs can replace that (sliding pair comprises: slip sliding pair, slip revolute pair with sliding pair; Rolling pair comprises: rolling sliding pair, roll rotational pair).

Annotate 3: (emphasis comprises " isogonism speed is with the morpheme motion principle " to the speed change theory that this paper provides; " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle ") can be used for instructing variable speed design; its theoretical model; embodiment's model; simplified schematic diagram; schematic diagram of mechanism; the disclosed technology contents of expression-forms such as specific embodiment all can be used for specific design and makes the different speed change gear of all kinds; the enforcement body that this patent is enumerated all belongs to the demoncal ration example; concrete facility class of establishment is not all enumerated at this, allly takes arbitrary model disclosed herein; mechanism; the technology category intersection mutual matched combined mechanism scheme of reorganization of parts and the various different application field example of this technology category all belong to this property right protection scope.All all behaviors of taking this transmission principle to be used for variable speed design, application without authorization all belong to abuse.

Annotate 4: the patent figures purpose only is facility design, the theory structure of brief and concise explanation this patent, be intended to minimum drawings clear performance patent disclosure, clearly express the emphasis structure, taked " detailed degeneracy is luxuriant " form of presentation, that is: sketch detail drawing compound mode is drawn: simultaneously, for reducing the map sheet amount, the diagram of analog structure no longer draw other direction view and analyse and observe, detail drawing such as amplification; And the standard piece in the literary composition, general part, the component of no certain sense, no dedicated function have all been taked unified title and piece number in different figure, so as more short and sweet, as: input shaft, output shaft etc., front and back reference contrast mutually when with the aid of pictures.

Claims (10)

1. isogonism speed is with morpheme lower pair transmission ratio mechanical stepless transmission, form by input shaft, output shaft, gear, frame etc., it is characterized in that:＜A gear is made up of the speed variator system that proposes " isogonism speed is with the morpheme motion principle ", " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle " design by this paper, whole speed variator system comprises input, output movement switching mechanism, input, output variable speed unit; Comprise the stepless adjustable shifting arm of effective shifting arm length (or speed change lever), motion transfer mechanism (motion Transmission Part) in each variable-speed unit, and the effective exercise track of motion transfer mechanism is followed " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle " with the spatial relationship of corresponding shifting arm, that is: in arbitrary moment in effective speed change space, the instant geometrical relationship of shifting arm and motion Transmission Part movement locus can be obtained by the space is turning-over changed in the same way by the instant geometrical relationship of shifting arm in another variable-speed unit and motion Transmission Part movement locus in arbitrary variable-speed unit; All shifting arms in the work have instant isogonism speed relation, and the running orbit of shifting arm can be that rotate continuously on flatness and reciprocator swing, plane, the space swing; Space layout relation between its different variable-speed units can be shifting arm conllinear, motion Transmission Part movement locus parallel " parallel sight alignment type speed change pattern ", also can be that other follows plane structure type, the spatial structure type of " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle ";＜B〉gear is by propose " isogonism speed is with the morpheme motion principle ", " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle " territory of applying for another mutually by this paper---and the characteristic speed variator system such as non-of " non-isogonism speed is with the morpheme principle of movement " design is formed.

2. input according to claim 1, the output variable speed unit, it is characterized in that:＜A shifting arm between the different variable-speed units is the means of fixation with common shaft and connects, its angle can be 180 degree or other is arbitrarily angled, each motion Transmission Part lock speed pillow (for the continuous rotary-type fast piece of lock that is) passes through revolute pair, sliding pair links to each other with shifting arm, and the lock speed track that retrains its effective exercise track is (for continuous rotary-type effective working area for effective working surface of traction belt and ring-shaped guide rail,) arrange that the orientation follows " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle ";＜B〉shifting arm between the different variable-speed units is by any isogonism speed driving mechanism, variation mechanism and relevant plane, the spatial motion conversion, driving mechanism (as: face gear, the space gear, the plane train, the space train, axle, band, linkage mechanism, the wire soft shaft transmission, worm drive, isogonism speed coupling) etc. mode is carried out constant angular velocity and is in transmission connection, each motion Transmission Part lock speed pillow (for the continuous rotary-type fast piece of lock that is) passes through revolute pair, sliding pair links to each other with shifting arm, and the lock speed track that retrains its effective exercise track is (for continuous rotary-type effective working area for effective working surface of traction belt and ring-shaped guide rail,) arrange that the orientation follows " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle ";＜C〉the shifting arm running orbit is space swing, space layout between its different variable-speed units can be shifting arm one conllinear, the parallel speed change pattern of motion Transmission Part movement locus ", also can be that other input output variable-speed unit of following " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle " separates the spatial structure type that connects by isogonism speed transmission device; " class circular cone pendulum or pyramid pendulum, space pendulum " formula running orbit cross section of its space speed change lever can be: polygonals such as circle, ellipse, triangle, rectangle, Hexagon, also can be: deformation curve and build-up curve, each motion Transmission Part links to each other with shifting arm by spatial kinematic pair (mechanisms such as space ball bearing, joint ball bearing, 3 D auto degree combined type pendulum ring), and " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle " followed in the special spacing guide track layout orientation that retrains its effective exercise track.

3. input according to claim 1, output rotation/linear reciprocating motion transformation mechanism, it is characterized in that: (I): input switching mechanism---＜A in slide bar (3), slide bar connects with motion input component (6) by sliding pair input shaft (4) with power transmission by synchronous pulley (1), synchronous band (2) revolute pair (7); Its synchronous band can be flat pattern metal tape, nonmetal band and assemblage zone;＜B〉by input shaft, synchronous pulley, auxiliary members such as band and corresponding mobile pair, revolute pair are formed synchronously, input lock speed pillow (22) as the motion input component constitutes sliding pair and connects with input lock fast track (23), slide block (20) respectively, and band (2) connects by bearing pin (19), revolute pair (7) with slide block (20) synchronously; Its synchronous band can be flat pattern metal tape, nonmetal band and assemblage zone;＜C〉form by the translating follower cylindrical cam mechanism, cylindrical cam 84 is the driving link that rotatablely moves, input lock speed pillow 22 is connected with roller 34 and constitutes the roller translating follower, its cam profile curve for the characteristics of motion that can make translating follower reach with " input switching mechanism＜A 〉,＜B claim " profilogram of input lock speed pillow (22) characteristics of motion equivalence in the described synchronous band, synchronous pulley formula movement conversion mechanism; Its cylindrical cam mechanism also inwall be provided with the cylindrical cam movement conversion mechanism of working profile; Also can be: two roller matrix profile groove cylindrical cam mechanisms or two roller convex profile groove cylindrical cam mechanism; In addition: cam profile also can be designed to binary cycle or multicycle formula as required;＜D〉switching mechanism of translating follower disc cam, its cam profile curve for the characteristics of motion that can make translating follower reach with " input switching mechanism＜A 〉,＜B claim " profilogram of input lock speed pillow (22) characteristics of motion equivalence in the described synchronous band, synchronous pulley formula movement conversion mechanism; Also can be: two roller matrix profile slotted disk shape cam mechanisms or two roller convex profile slotted disk shape cam mechanism; In addition: cam profile also can be designed to binary cycle or multicycle formula as required; (II) output changing mechanism---＜A〉kinetic current of motion output member (10) is converted into unidirectional rotatablely moving continuously through pinion and rack (11,12), free wheel device (14) and exports through output shaft (13);＜B〉output lock speed pillow (26) is connected mutually with tooth bar (11), tooth bar (11) is rested the head on 26 straight line motions and is converted into and rotatablely moves by lock speed with gear 12 engagement, the identical gear engagement of this gear with another, two gears link to each other with a free wheel device respectively, and two free wheel devicees cog and the unidirectional torque of composite gear engagement output by the other end axle respectively; This output changing mechanism also can be: respectively adorning a free wheel device with tooth bar meshed gears both sides, two free wheel devicees are respectively by bevel gear and the unidirectional torque of a public bevel gear engagement output;＜C〉output lock speed pillow (26) through driving pin (29) with transmission of power and band (2) synchronously, synchronous pulley (1), be converted into the back input that rotatablely moves and select stream clutch spindle (30), selecting the stream clutch spindle connects by feather key (37) with selecting to flow between the balance (38), control power transmission shaft (36) links to each other with the input end line shaft, introduce the control kinetic current and be transmitted to control cam (35) through joining fast Transmitted chains, the control cam profile curve is selected the specific curves that the stream balance is selected flow shaping for controlling, the displacement of control roller (34) in good time, the displacement amount of roller is through selecting stream gear frame (33), revolution support (43) is transmitted to be selected on the stream balance (38), control the clutch sequential step of itself and left and right sides bevel gear thrust plate (32), finish the rectification of reciprocal torque power stream handled, after bevel gear drive group (31) with about two bevel gear thrust plate power circuits and stream after output shaft output; Wherein: select stream gear frame (33) and select between stream balance (38) also and can form and turn round the supporting mechanism transmission and select the stream impacting force by selecting stream pressurization disk (39), thrust-bearing (40), radial bearing (41); Selecting the stream clutch also can adopt flat circle stud wheel thrust plate to replace space circle bevel gear thrust plate; Selecting the Placement of stream clutch and output terminal synchronous pulley also can take: the reciprocal torque of synchronous pulley output is directly transmitted and the bevel gear thrust plate, periodically finish and select flow shaping, select unidirectional rotating power by selecting the stream balance, and select the unidirectional torque output of stream clutch spindle after rectification by what be with it that feather key connects with the clutch of the reciprocal rotating flow distribution dish in the left and right sides; Its select stream clutch spindle with select stream balance can take the energy transmitting torque the rolling contact type sliding pair connect, as take non-circular cross-section formula rolling type sliding pair and standard piece, can take to have the rolling type sliding pair of steel ball cyclic track when stroke is longer, perhaps take two or more cylindrical cross-section or non-cylindrical cross-section rolling contact type sliding pair standard piece parallel non co axial arranged side by side to arrange and do an axle use; The linkage mechanism (61) that also can take to have auto-lock function to the traction control of selecting the stream balance carries out, or the connecting rod (64) of taking to have the double locking effect, connecting rod reinforcement locking framework (65) is finished, also can take multiple self-enclosed internal force pressurization device: (a) jaw type is to folder application of force pressurization device, can install additional and press roller (74) and form the contact of rolling clamping the force side, (b) sealing that the static load-bearing member of movable pressing piece and both sides constitutes in the middle of is to pressing force application device, as: self-enclosed to pressing application of force type cam gear, or take static load-bearing member (71) to link to each other with the fixed frame of eccentric cam pressure exerting arrangement (67), the sealing device for exerting that middle movable pressing piece (70) and the movable piece translation frame of eccentric cam mechanism (67) partly link to each other, or the centre movably pressing piece (70) link to each other with oil cylinder piston bar (73); The fluid power pressurization device that the static load-bearing members in both sides (71) link to each other with cylinder body; Pressing piece and select between stream balance, the thrust plate and can install revolution support, thrust-bearing, pressure roller (72) additional; Its traction pressurization power can also can be taked long-range traction control directly from electromagnetism, hydraulic pressure, pneumatic, mechanical power sources such as (as: eccentric cam device for exerting); At cam, select the stream gear frame, select that stream can serially add elastic buffering mechanism (62) between the balance or at the attached elastic material of the work that contacts bread (as: rubber wheel) of roller (34) with cam path, contacting between roller and the cam path can be to roll to contact or the fluid lubrication sliding contact; The clutch that flow shaping is selected in realization also can be to replace the electromagnetism of mechanical compaction power to select the stream clutch by electromagnetic attraction, its electromagnetic chuck (79) operating current is introduced through external control circuit by electricity ring (77), brush (76), electromagnetic chuck is arranged in the thrust plate of both sides, movably select the short-stroke movement duplicate invoice knot that passes through the convex-concave Spielpassung between flow table sheet (80) and the diversion disk (82), the two is involved by reset spring (81), thrust plate is provided with bullet pad (78), diversion disk (82) and select stream and be fixed connection between clutch spindle; The element that is subjected to the interior electromagnetic chuck traction of thrust plate to select flow shaping in addition also can be to select stream balance (38); Electromagnetic chuck also can be arranged in the diversion disk (82), links to each other with the both sides thrust plate by sliding pair and mobile armature is selected stream friction disc (80).

4. input according to claim 1, output rotation/unidirectional straight line motion transformation mechanism, it is characterized in that: (input, output movement switching mechanism structure is identical)---＜A〉by input shaft, output shaft, opposed input is parallel to each other, the output traction is band synchronously, input, output traction synchronous pulley, Idle wheel, pressurization device is formed, input shaft 4 input kinetic currents import flat pattern metallic traction band 105 through traction synchronous pulley 90, input output traction belt group is made up of two parallel opposed traction belts arranged side by side respectively, identical and the speed synchronization of working edge traffic direction of two opposed traction belts, each traction belt working surface is exerted pressure to it by pressurization device, pressurization device is by press body 102, compression roller 103, add pressuring chain plate 104 compositions such as grade, the lock speed piece that enters is wherein tightly clamped by friction traction kind of drive transmitted power; Can take one-sided traction belt to carry out the pressing traction to locking fast piece, opposite side is settled balance pressure-bearing device mode; Pressurization device: by press body 102, compression roller 103, add pressuring chain plate 104, carrier bar Idle wheel 106 is formed, the pressure of press body passes to through compression roller and adds on the pressuring chain plate, adding pressuring chain plate is the carrier bar composition that carrier bar pin 116 hinged single convex-concaves plug together overlap joint, also can combine by the interlaced overlap joint of two row's carrier bars, realize pressing with the free of discontinuities of compression roller 103, reach the steady effect of pressurizeing continuously, adding the pressuring chain plate opposite side contacts with the traction belt inner side surface, evenly with propagation of pressure in traction belt, the pressurization power of press body 102 can be loaded spring power, mechanical rigid power, electromagnetic force, hydropneumatic power etc.; It compresses mode and can take the elastic floating mode to compress, and also can take rigid manner to compress; The traction classification of band synchronously has: (1) flat pattern traction belt, a: metal mold---be with synchronously by the hole shape sheet metal lamination that the thin metal band (the endless metal thin slice that punches above) of multilayer punching is formed by stacking, the hole is corresponding layer by layer on every layer of metal tape forms engaging tooth engagement on engaging hole and the special-purpose traction synchronous pulley; B: nonmetal type---the nonmetal flat pattern band by punching or hole constitutes; (2) combined traction belt, a: the parallel combination of flat pattern band and toothed belt, pressor areas is the flat pattern band in the middle of the traction belt, the sync pulling district of both sides is a toothed belt, b: the layering combination of flat pattern metal tape and nonmetal toothed belt, as be used for the composite electromagnetic traction belt of electromagnetic traction occasion, internal layer is nonmetal profile of tooth engagement layer, realize sync pulling with the synchronous pulley engagement, outer electromagnetism adhesive traction layer for the manufacturing of ferromagnetic metal sheeting material, be used for realizing magnetic attracting pressurization traction, in addition: the also available flat pattern metallic traction of electromagnetic traction band band with electromagnetic chuck; (3) conventional synchronization toothed belt, common flat pattern band, the synchronous band of the traction in this speed changer also can be selected the conventional synchronization toothed belt for use, but add pressuring chain plate one side the profile of tooth of coincideing with it need be arranged, the less and also available common flat pattern band replacement of the low occasion of required precision at power;＜B〉laterally to the folder trailed model: traction belt can be taked with the combination of the fast piece of lock: laterally to the folder traction, the lock speed positioning seat 111 of the fast piece 128 of side-mounted lock, the fast running shaft 112 of lock, radial bearing 41, sliding pair cover 100 are all in the lateral part of the pressure-bearing traction body 129 of locking fast piece, and the sliding pair that cooperates with shifting arm swing space is not locked fast piece and interfered restriction; Can be: the pressure-bearing traction body is one-sided to be provided with type or can to overlap 100 bilateral symmetry at the shifting arm sliding pair pressure-bearing traction body is set, and sets up one group of trailer system;＜C〉the electromagnetic traction type: traction band is synchronously taked electromagnetism adhesive mode of traction with the cohesive process of the fast piece of lock, locks fast piece and is made up of electromagnetic chuck 123, the fast positioning seat 111 of lock, radial bearing 41, the fast running shaft 112 of lock, sliding pair cover 100 etc.; Corresponding electromagnetic traction band is the combined electromagnetic traction belt, the electromagnetic chuck operating current is introduced through brush, electricity ring, slip static touching plate, movable touching plate by external control circuit, " interlocking is preferential " control principle is followed in its control: it is identical that the lock speed piece electromagnetic chuck on the same straight line gets electric situation, lock speed piece on the different straight lines gets electric situation and has interlocking capability, and press priority principle control, always make the lock speed piece priority task that is in best stress; The traction belt wheel can be designed to two driving wheels drives; Lock fast piece both sides and can be arranged with electromagnetic chuck, take the reinforcement design mode of two group traction belt through-put powers: electromagnetic traction band and electromagnetic lock speed piece also can take radial manner to arrange; The also available flat pattern metallic traction of electromagnetic traction band band.

5. the stepless adjustable shifting arm of effective shifting arm length according to claim 1 (or speed change lever), it is characterized in that:＜A in the same variable-speed unit, the motion Transmission Part with the shifting arm relation is: the shifting arm rotating shaft is fixed, be sliding pair between motion Transmission Part and the shifting arm adds revolute pair and is connected, and has the degrees of freedom of relatively rotating and translational degree of freedom; Also can be: be revolute pair between motion Transmission Part and the shifting arm and be connected, be sliding pair between shifting arm and the rotating shaft and add revolute pair and be connected, rotating shaft position has adjustability;＜B〉for the speed change lever pattern of input output shifting arm conllinear, speed change lever with relation between motion input, output member, the speed change rotary middle spindle is: all contain revolute pair between the three and be connected, has the degrees of freedom of relatively rotating, and among the three sliding pair annexation arranged again between the two arbitrarily, have relative translational degree of freedom;

＜C〉speed change lever 8 is the sliding pair relation with a slide block with rotary middle spindle 9 20 that is connected by revolute pair 7 and connects, this slide block with have fixedly the speed governing piece 15 of speed governing track 27 and be revolute pair and be connected, speed governing piece 15 links to each other with the movable piece nut of feed screw nut's arrangements for speed regulation 24, speed change lever one end is revolute pair with lock speed pillow and is connected, the other end is connected with slide block 20 sliding pair, slide block 20 is revolute pair with lock speed pillow and is connected, and the step-less adjustment of carrying out the effective shifting arm length of input output variable-speed unit by rotation speed governing handle 28 change speed governing pieces 15 positions realizes the stepless variation of velocity ratio;＜D〉rotary-type continuously: speed change rotation assembly reaches the lock speed piece that is the sliding pair cooperation with it by the some shifting arms with common rotating center and forms, shifting arm on the same straight line is fixedly connected by the same coupling ring that cooperates with radial bearing, shifting arm on the different straight lines connects by the different coupling rings with common axis of rotation, has rotational freedom independent of each other within the specific limits, shifting arm is linked to each other by offside extension spring 95 to each other, speed change rotation assembly is revolute pair with rotary middle spindle and is connected, and the speed governing piece of speed governing track links to each other rotary middle spindle with having fixedly; The shifting arm assembly can be taked the axial arranged scheme of different coupling rings, also can take different coupling ring radial arrangement schemes, can be non-disconnectable one-piece type or take the knockdown type of bolted on connection, stressed for improving, the axial arranged scheme of different coupling rings also can increase balance reinforcement shaft of rib 119 and carry out the symmetry connection; In addition, angle equal 90 the degree shifting arms also can be fixed on the same coupling ring; Shifting arm can have been taked the scalability design, shifting arm is divided into two, two-part are the sliding pair relation by the secondary cover 120 of telescopic moving and connect, inside part links to each other with the shifting arm coupling ring, external lateral portion is the revolute pair relation with the fast piece of lock and is connected, and Returnning spring 81 can be installed in the secondary cover of telescopic moving 120 inside; Lock and be the sliding pair relation between fast piece and the speed change lever and connect, lock fast piece itself simultaneously and can freely rotate around locking fast running shaft 112 again, reach in transferring power and can move freely, rotate; Lock fast piece by: lock fast positioning seat 111, radial bearing 41, the fast running shaft 112 of lock, sliding pair cover 100, the fast piece traction of lock otic placode 101, the fast piece pressure-bearing connecting body 110 of lock, friction pulling face 97, guide roller 98 etc. and form; Locking fast running shaft 112 connects firmly with sliding pair cover 100, and pass through radial bearing 41 and lock fast positioning seat 111 formation revolute pairs to connect, lock fast positioning seat 111 and the fast piece traction of lock otic placode 101, lock fast piece pressure-bearing connecting body 110, friction pulling face 97 is fixedly connected and forms the fast piece main body frame of lock, friction pulling face 97 is exactly the outside of locking fast piece traction otic placode 101 in fact, its material selection and the big made of traction belt work combination surface friction factor, locking fast piece pressure-bearing connecting body 110 links up the two halves of symmetry, mainly bear from traction belt locking the impacting force of fast piece, lock fast positioning seat 111 and guide roller 98 and cooperate movement locus to retrain guiding with ring-shaped guide rail 91 together locking fast piece; Locking fast piece traction otic placode 101 can be designed to fan-shaped or move eccentrically arranged type outward; Lock fast piece and can be designed to two semi-involution types, by bolt 114 with two semijoin one; On the fast positioning seat 111 of lock, can set up the opposed roller 113 of guiding, also the fast positioning seat 111 of lock can be designed to circle, assemble big annular bearing with rolling contact at its outer surface and realize the guiding of rolling; Locking fast piece also can be left and right sides two halves divergence type, to locking the impacting force of fast piece, has cancelled the fast piece pressure-bearing connecting body 110 of lock by thrust-bearing 40 carrying traction belts; Ring-shaped guide rail 91 is orbits of the fast piece of lock, and ring-shaped guide rail is made up of track linearity sector (working area), camber line district (transition zone), carries out track constraint positioning and guiding to locking fast piece; Ring track can be monorail-type or inside and outside double track type;＜E〉electromagnetic type: speed change rotation assembly is made up of speed change dish 121, radial track 122, electromagnetic lock speed piece etc., and all sliding pair covers 100 of locking fast piece cooperate with radial track 122 on the speed change dish 121, retrained by ring-shaped guide rail 91 and lead; Fast piece of output input lock and speed change dish carry out the adhesive through-put power by the electromagnetic traction sucker, all lock fast piece be evenly distributed on gyration center point can stepless mobile speed change disk body side on, lock fast piece and be sliding pair with speed change disk body radial track and be connected; Can rotate along self rotating shaft again simultaneously, the speed change dish is revolute pair with rotary middle spindle and is connected, and the speed governing piece of speed governing track links to each other rotary middle spindle with having fixedly; Speed change rotation assembly also can be that all shifting arms are fixedly linked in the total accepted way of doing sth combination of the shifting arm that is connected on the same coupling ring; Electromagnetic chuck can be locked fast positioning seat and also can add annular bearing with rolling contact for square, fan-shaped or move eccentrically arranged type outward; Shifting arm can be taked the scalability design, shifting arm is divided into two, and two-part are the sliding pair relation by the secondary cover 120 of telescopic moving and connect, and inside part links to each other with the shifting arm coupling ring, external lateral portion is the revolute pair relation with the fast piece of lock and is connected, and can install Returnning spring 81 in the sliding pair cover 120;＜F〉anomaly: each motion Transmission Part is connected with speed change lever by sliding pair, revolute pair, and revolute pair and speed change lever tie point fixed-site; Rotary middle spindle is connected with the revolute pair that speed change lever is the run-on point adjustable positions.

6. space layout type input according to claim 2, the output variable speed unit, it is characterized in that:＜A the input output variable-speed unit is positioned at same level position, and symmetric arrangement, input, the output variable speed arm separates setting, connecting the isogonism speed double universal coupling 132 variable apart from the telescopic freedom by one group of two ends connects two shifting arms, also promptly: shifting arm can be transmitted to another shifting arm by this isogonism speed double universal coupling 132 around the torque of rotary middle spindle, make two shifting arms have isogonism speed kinetic characteristic, and import, output variable speed unit correlation satisfies " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle ", but and by the effective shifting arm length of the position stepless change of stepless mobile speed governing piece k, in addition, the input output variable-speed unit can be positioned at Different Plane, constitutes the space variable speed model;＜B〉two shifting arms are fixedly connected, each lock speed pillow is the sliding pair relation with speed governing piece k when speed governing, be fixedly connected during not speed governing, and by corresponding revolute pair, sliding pair links to each other with corresponding shifting arm and constitutes speed change gear, step-less adjustment speed governing piece k position change itself and rotary middle spindle 9 distances can change velocity ratio, by changing the orientation that is connected of two shifting arms, and this variable-speed unit orientation of synchronous change can develop and is the space variable speed model, in addition, two shifting arms can connect by isogonism vt space gear, by changing two variable-speed unit relative movement planes, constitute the space gear;＜C〉the shared shifting arm of two variable-speed units, but apart from rotary middle spindle apart from difference, that is: effectively shifting arm is uneven in length, then two effective shifting arm length ratios will change along direction of arrow step-less adjustment speed governing piece k position, so velocity ratio changes;＜D〉the input output variable-speed unit connects by space isogonism speed driving mechanism (as: space bevel gear drive), input-output unit can be in dimensional orientation setting arbitrarily, input output shifting arm rotary middle spindle all can change plane of movement by bevel gear drive group 31, and be connected by face gear 12 motion that realizes two variable-speed units that is meshed with a public overlength straight toothed spur gear 133, face gear 12 relative overlength straight toothed spur gears 133 move axially during speed governing, also can be: between bevel gear drive group 31 and gear 12, take feather key sliding pair 134 to link to each other, can move axially simultaneously at transmitting torque, in addition: two engaging gears 12 can be the space gears; 5: speed governing is carried out in the change that obtains effective shifting arm by the mobile space bevel gear tooth system, space bevel gear and shifting arm rotary middle spindle 9 are connected, shifting arm be connected by feather key sliding pair 134 between the rotary middle spindle 9 separately, can move axially simultaneously at transmitting torque, be between turnable sliding pair speed governing piece 135 and the rotary middle spindle 9 and rotate sliding pair and concern and be connected, only the radially translation displacement amount to rotary middle spindle 9 retrains, and is not only free to rotate but also can move axially between the two.

7. space layout type input according to claim 5, output variable speed unit, it is characterized in that: class of establishment all is applicable to Reciprocatory and rotary-type continuously, when being used for continuous rotation type, need lock speed pillow, the fast track of lock are changed to traction belt, lock fast piece, and single speed change lever is replaced by many shifting arms; For the driving gear in the isogonism speed driving mechanism, bevel gear, as be used in the Reciprocatory speed changer, can use tooth sector.

8. according to claim 2,3,4,5 described speed variator systems, it is characterized in that: input shaft 4 input kinetic currents are allocated in the symmetrically arranged speed change unit of two-phase through left and right sides gear transmission group 18 respectively, left and right sides two-phase speed change unit is structurally identical, but on the operation step, its work phase difference was 1/4 or 3/4 cycle; The control cam 35 of left and right sides camera set can merge with the unified control of a cam, and two select the diverse location place that stream gear frame upper roller 34 is placed in same cam profile; Also with: utilize a pair of driving gear input power stream, the both sides axle head by same gear carries out power dividing, respectively in the synchronous pulley of transmission and left and right sides two-phase speed change unit; Translating follower cylindrical cam reversable speed changer: can two symmetrical speed change units be set at same cam diverse location place, its work phase difference was 1/4 or 3/4 cycle, and in addition: cam profile also can be designed to the multicycle formula as required; Translating follower disc cam reversable speed changer: two-phase variable-speed motor group can be arranged on same disc cam both sides respectively, the profile layout phase place of disc cam both sides is by differing 1/4 (or 3/4) periodic arrangement; Also can be: the disc cam of two-phase speed change unit separates setting; Rotary-type continuously: that two-phase (or heterogeneous) speed change unit side by side can be set, the fast number of blocks of original lock is divided into two groups of (or many groups) phase-splitting settings, after phase-splitting is provided with, can take elasticity to connect between phase and phase, obtain the output of continuous power stream by the complementary work of the speed of the lock between two-phase piece.

9. speed variator system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the plane of movement of motion Transmission Part and speed change lever rotational plane be not in same plane, but the motion Transmission Part movement locus of different variable-speed units is still followed " isogonism speed is with the morpheme motion principle ", " isogonism speed Equidirectional overturning position is like the property transmission principle " with the motion of shifting arm separately.

10. characteristic speed variator system such as non-according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the arrangement relation of shifting arm in each variable-speed unit and motion Transmission Part is not followed " same morpheme " relation or is not followed " the Equidirectional overturning position is like property " relation; Also can be: the angular velocity of rotation of variable-speed unit wait or becomes ratio outside 1: 1; Also can be: the shifting arm rotating center be outside the straight line of shifting arm place.

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