CN1552818A - Monox-alumina containnig hydrocracking catalyst - Google Patents
Monox-alumina containnig hydrocracking catalyst Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A hydrocracking catalyst containing Si-Al oxides contains two molecular sieves, one's metal components selected from Fe, Co or Ni of VIII family, at least one of them, and another's selected from Mo or W of VIB family, at least one of them. Its K value is 0.4 - 15A.(cm2.g)-1. One molecular sieve with octahedral zeolite structure with the content of Si-Al oxides of 10 - 90wt% of the catalyst, and another's limiting exponential is 0.5<CI<5. The content of molecular sieve with octahedral zeolite structure is 1 - 60wt%, the content of molecular with 0.5<CI<5 as limiting exponential is 1 - 50wt%. With oxide as account, the content of metal component of VIII family is 1 - 10wt%, and the content of metal component of VIB family is 5 - 40wt%. The catalyst achieves high hydrocracking activity and good intermediate fraction oil selectivity.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of hydrocracking catalyst, more specifically say so about a kind of monox-alumina containning hydrocracking catalyst.
Background technology
In recent years, crude oil heavy and poor qualityization tendency are obvious day by day in the world wide, meanwhile, demand to middle distillate and reformation, steam crack material but constantly increases, this impels the hydrocracking technology that turns to purpose with the high-quality of heavy distillate and lightweight to be developed rapidly, and hydrocracking catalyst is wherein important and one of The key factor.
Hydrocracking catalyst is a kind of dual-function catalyst, it has hydrogenation activity and lytic activity simultaneously, promptly contain hydrogenation activity component and acidic components simultaneously, the hydrogenation activity component generally is selected from metal, metal oxide and/or the metallic sulfide of group vib and VIII family in the periodic table of elements; Acidity is mainly provided by heat-resistant inorganic oxide that constitutes carrier and/or various molecular sieve.For the hydrocracking catalyst that contains zeolite molecular sieve,, can reconcile and improve the distribution and the character of hydrocracking product by to the selection of molecular sieve type and the control of consumption.For example, U.S.Patent.No.5,536,687 disclose a kind of catalyzer, and this catalyzer contains Beta zeolite and a kind of unit cell size y-type zeolite and a kind of hydrogenation component less than 2.440 nanometers.But the various stock oils of this catalyzer processing are to produce gasoline or intermediate oil.
In addition, the heat-resistant inorganic oxide of formation carrier also directly influences the character of catalyzer.In the hydrocracking catalyst of molecular sieve and alumina host composition, introduce silica-alumina, can remedy the low defective of alumina host catalytic activity, catalyst activity is improved.
CN 1315883A discloses a kind of preparation method of catalyst composition, said composition comprises as the Beta zeolite of the first cracking component and is selected from (i) to have diameter greater than the crystalline molecular sieve of 0.6 nanometer micropore, the (ii) second cracking component of clay and (iii) amorphous cracking component, and wherein the second cracking component is selected from the molecular sieve of (i) faujusite structure; The (ii) clay of smectites; (iii) unbodied silica-alumina; Or its two or more composition.Said composition also comprises at least a hydrogenation activity component usually, and the suitable hydrogenation activity component that adopts comprises group vib component (for example molybdenum and tungsten) and VIII family component (for example cobalt, nickel, platinum and palladium).
Though the monox-alumina containning hydrocracking catalyst that prior art provides can satisfy the requirement of some hydrocracking reactions, its hydrogenation cracking activity is still lower.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is on the basis of existing technology, provide a kind of activity higher monox-alumina containning hydrocracking catalyst.
Another object of the present invention provides this Preparation of catalysts method.
The present inventor finds that the protonic acid content of contained silica-alumina is lower in the monox-alumina containning hydrocracking catalyst that prior art provides, and its k value is less than 0.4A (cm
2G)
-1This is to cause the low major reason of this class catalyst hydrogenation cracking activity.
Catalyzer provided by the invention contains a kind of silica-alumina, two kinds of molecular sieves, at least a iron, cobalt or nickel and at least a molybdenum or the tungsten metal component that is selected from group vib that is selected from group VIII, and the k value of described silica-alumina is 0.4-15A (cm
2G)
-1A kind of molecular sieve has the faujusite structure, another kind of molecular sieve restriction index is 0.5＜CI＜5, with the catalyzer is benchmark, the content of silica-alumina is 10-90 weight %, content with faujusite structure molecular screen is 1-60 weight %, restriction index is that the content of 0.5＜CI＜5 molecular sieves is 1-50 weight %, and in oxide compound, the content of group VIII metal component is that the content of 1-10 weight %, group vib metal component is 5-40 weight %; Described k=B/M
SiO2, B is the protonic acid amount of silica-alumina, M
SiO2Molar fraction for silicon oxide in the silica-alumina.
Method for preparing catalyst provided by the invention comprises a kind of silica-alumina and two kinds of mixed iron, cobalt or nickel and at least a molybdenum or tungsten metal components that are selected from group vib of introducing at least a group VIII in this mixture that are incorporated in of molecular sieves, it is characterized in that the k value of described silica-alumina is 0.4-15A (cm
2G)
-1, the restriction index that a kind of molecular sieve has faujusite structure, another kind of molecular sieve is 0.5＜CI＜5; Said k=B/M
SiO2, B is the protonic acid amount of silica-alumina, M
SiO2Molar fraction for silicon oxide in the silica-alumina.
Because catalyzer provided by the invention has adopted and had the high silica-alumina of protonic acid content, compared with prior art, the hydrogenation cracking activity of catalyzer provided by the invention is significantly improved.In addition, catalyzer provided by the invention also has the selectivity of intermediate oil preferably.
For example, under identical reaction conditions, with the catalyzer of the REY of containing 15 weight % provided by the invention, beta-zeolite 5 weight %, nickel oxide 4.1 weight %, Tungsten oxide 99.999 30.2 weight % and the reference catalyst that contains REY 15 weight %, beta-zeolite 5 weight %, nickel oxide 4.1 weight %, Tungsten oxide 99.999 30.2 weight % Iraq's vacuum gas oil is carried out hydrocracking respectively, adopt in the isocrackate that the invention provides catalyzer 370 ℃
+Cut reduces by 8.5% than reference agent, and the yield of 150-370 ℃ of intermediate oil improves 4.4%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the contained poriness silicon oxide-aluminum oxide of catalyzer provided by the invention, the existing contained silica-alumina of hydrocracking catalyst and γ-Al
2O
3X-ray diffraction spectra.
Embodiment
According to catalyzer provided by the invention, described silica-alumina is that the k value is 0.4-15A (cm
2G)
-1Silica-alumina, k=B/M wherein
SiO2, B is the protonic acid amount of silica-alumina, M
SiO2Molar fraction for silicon oxide in the silica-alumina.B adopts Bio-Rad IFS-3000 type determination of infrared spectroscopy.Concrete grammar is: be pressed into about 10mg/cm behind sample self porphyrize
2The self-supporting sheet, place the original position pond of infrared spectrometer, in 350 ℃, 10
-3Pa vacuum tightness lower surface purifying treatment 2 hours is reduced to room temperature and is introduced the pyridine saturated vapo(u)r, after the adsorption equilibrium 15 minutes, vacuumizes desorption 30 minutes under 200 ℃, reduces to room temperature and surveys absorption and decide the pyridine vibrational spectrum.Sweep limit is 1400cm
-1-1700cm
-1, with 1540 ± 5cm
-1[the infrared Absorption value of unit surface, unit mass sample is expressed as its protonic acid amount of ratio value defined of the infrared Absorption value of bands of a spectrum and sample strip weight and area: A (cm
2G)
-1].M
SiO2Calculate after adopting X fluorescent method [Yang Cuiding etc., petrochemical complex analytical procedure (RIPP test method), Science Press, 1990, P380] working sample to form.
Described k value is 0.4-15A (cm
2G)
-1Silica-alumina, can be commercially available or adopt any one prior art for preparing.The k value of preferred silica-alumina is 0.5-13A (cm
2G)
-1, further preferred silica-alumina is that the k value is 0.5-13A (cm
2G)
-1And silica-alumina with one or more X-ray diffraction spectrogram among γ, η, θ, δ and the χ of feature.Several X-ray diffraction spectrograms that satisfy the silica-alumina with gama-alumina X-ray diffraction spectrogram of requirement of the present invention are seen a, b, c, d, the e among Fig. 1 respectively, h among Fig. 1 is the X-ray diffraction spectrogram of gama-alumina, with the catalyzer is benchmark, the content of silica-alumina is 10-90 weight %, is preferably 15-60 weight %.
A kind of k value is 0.5-13A (cm
2G)
-1And the silica-alumina with gama-alumina X-ray diffraction spectrogram of feature is the Siral series silica-alumina that German Condea company produces.For example, the trade mark is that silica-alumina k value after high roasting of Siral40 is 0.58A (cm
2G)
-1, X-ray diffraction spectrogram (seeing Fig. 1 d) is consistent with the X-ray diffraction spectrogram of gama-alumina.
One preferred, and preparation k value is 0.5-13A (cm
2G)
-1And the poriness silicon oxide-method of alumina with one or more aluminum oxide X-ray diffraction spectrogram among γ, η, θ, δ and the χ of feature is: containing si molecular sieves or containing the composition that disordering contains si molecular sieves and mix the hydrate of aluminum oxide and at least a disordering, in 350-850 ℃ of roasting 2-8 hour, preferably in 450-650 ℃ of roasting 3-6 hour.The hydrate of described aluminum oxide is selected from one or more the mixture among hibbsite, monohydrate alumina and the amorphous hydroted alumina; Or one or more the mixture among one or more hibbsite, monohydrate alumina and the amorphous hydroted alumina in siliceous, the titanium, magnesium, boron, zirconium, thorium, niobium, rare earth; Can also be: will be selected from containing si molecular sieves or contain the composition that disordering contains si molecular sieves and directly mixing of the aluminum oxide of one or more crystal formations among γ, η, θ, δ and the χ and at least a disordering.With the silica-alumina is benchmark, and the content of silicon oxide is 1-60 weight %, is preferably 1-45 weight %.
The condition that the disordering molecular sieve should satisfy is: when adopting XRD to characterize, be that 100% characteristic peak is a benchmark with original molecule sieve relative intensity, the relative intensity that disordering contains this characteristic peak of si molecular sieves is below 15%.
Described disordering molecular sieve comprises any one siliceous molecular sieve of disordering, for example silicon metal-the aluminate of disordering, silicon-phosphorus-aluminate, faujusite, ZSM series are boiled (as among ZSM-5, ZSM-11, ZSM-12, ZSM-23, ZSM-35 and the ZSM-38 one or more), are preferably in the ZSM series zeolite of the faujusite of disordering and disordering one or more.
The hydrate of described aluminum oxide and disordering contain si molecular sieves or contain composition blended ratio that disordering contains si molecular sieves that should to make the silica content in the poriness silicon oxide-aluminum oxide that finally makes be 1-60 weight %, be preferably 1-45 weight %.
Described disordering contains si molecular sieves and can obtain by following two kinds of approach:
Article one, approach is to prepare the partially-crystallized si molecular sieves that contains.This partially-crystallized method can adopt in the prior art incomplete crystallization to prepare the method for low-crystallinity molecular sieve, for example C.P.Nicolaides is at ANovel Family of Solid Acid Catalysts:Substantially Amorphous orPartially Crystalline Zeolitic Materiais, Applied Catalysis A:General 185,1999, reported among the 211-217.
The second approach is that the si molecular sieves that contains with complete crystallization carries out disordering and handles.For example to X type and Y zeolite, in exsiccant atmosphere (as steam partial pressure less than 0.0069 MPa, preferably less than 0.00138 MPa) roasting down; And for example, at high temperature and V
2O
5Or MoO
3Make the Y zeolite disordering under existing, this disordering trend increases (J.Thoret with the rising of temperature and/or the increase of metal oxide content, etc.Solid-State Interaction Between NaY Zeolite and Vanadium Pentoxide, Molybdenum Trioxide, or Tungsten Trioxide, Zeolites, 13,1993,269-275); For another example, in the presence of water vapor, use V
2O
5Make Y zeolite disordering (Carlos A.Trujillo, etc.The Mechnism of Zeolite Y Destruction by Steam in thePresence of Vanadium, Journal of Catalysis 168,1-15,1997); Under certain condition, adopt halogenide to handle Y zeolite and can cause disordering (Kurt A.Becker equally, Catalytic Properties of Synthetic Faujasites Modified with FluorideAnions, J, Chem.Soc., Faraday Trans.I, 1987,83,535-545), (Kurt A.Becker, etc., Modification of HY-Zeolite with Trifluoromethane, React.Kinet.Catal.Lett., Vol.29, No.1,1-7,1985).
According to catalyzer provided by the invention, wherein said molecular sieve, preferably y-type zeolite molecular sieve with faujusite structure.
Suitable y-type zeolite molecular sieve can be commercially available commodity, also can adopt any one prior art for preparing.For example, it can be that a kind of lattice constant is in the 2.52-2.475 nanometer range and the y-type zeolite molecular sieve of silica in the 3.5-7 scope; Can be by with after y-type zeolite molecular sieve and the ammonium ion exchange, carry out the ultrastable Y molecular sieve that the one or many hydrothermal treatment consists is produced, this y-type zeolite molecular sieve lattice constant is the 2.420-2.455 nanometer, and the silica-alumina mol ratio can reach 100 in the skeleton, is preferably to reach 60; Can be by after the inorganic ammonium solution exchange with y-type zeolite molecular sieve and one or more phosphides, carry out the phosphorous ultrastable Y molecular sieve that the one or many hydrothermal treatment consists is produced; Can be by the rare earth compound aqueous solution being handled the rare earth Y type zeolite molecular sieve of Y zeolite in conjunction with the preparation of one or many hydrothermal treatment consists.With the catalyzer is benchmark, and described content with faujusite structural zeolite molecular sieve is the heavy % of 1-60, is preferably the heavy % of 1-55.
According to catalyzer provided by the invention, wherein said restriction index is that the molecular sieve of 0.5＜CI＜5 can be to be selected from ZSM-12, ZSM-35, ZSM-38, ZSM-48, TMA offretite, clinoptilolite and the beta-zeolite one or more, preferred beta-zeolite wherein.
About definition and the method for calculation of restriction index CI,, be described in 016,218 at U.S.Pat.No.4.The restriction index of some common zeolite molecular sieves (CI) is:
Zeolite CI
ZSM-4?????????????????????????????0.5
ZSM-5?????????????????????????????8.3
ZSM-11????????????????????????????8.7
ZSM-12????????????????????????????2
ZSM-23????????????????????????????9.1
ZSM-35????????????????????????????4.5
ZSM-38????????????????????????????2
ZSM-48????????????????????????????3.4
TMA offretite 3.7
Clinoptilolite 3.4
Beta-zeolite 1.5
H-Zeolon (mordenite) 0.4
Rare Earth Y 0.4
Erionite 38
According to catalyzer provided by the invention, be benchmark with the catalyzer, described restriction index is that the content of 0.5＜CI＜5 molecular sieves is 1-50 weight %, is preferably 1-45 weight %.
According to catalyzer provided by the invention, described iron, cobalt, the nickel that is selected from least a group VIII is preferably nickel, and the molybdenum in the VI family, tungsten are preferably tungsten.In oxide compound and with the catalyzer is benchmark, the content of group VIII metal component is 1-10 weight %, be preferably 2-8 weight %, the content of group vib metal component is 5-40 weight %, be preferably 10-35 weight %, described metal component can be simple substance, oxide compound and/or sulfide and composition thereof.
Method for preparing catalyst provided by the invention comprises described silica-alumina is mixed with two kinds of molecular sieves, under the condition that is enough to iron, cobalt or the nickel of at least a group VIII and at least a molybdenum that is selected from group vib or tungsten metal component be deposited on the mixture, mixture after the described roasting and the iron that contains at least a group VIII, cobalt or nickel are selected from the molybdenum of group vib or the solution of tungsten metallization compound contacts with at least a, for example by methods such as ion-exchange, dipping, co-precipitation, preferred pickling process.
Iron in the said group VIII, cobalt, nickel metallic compound are selected from one or more in the soluble compound of these metals, can be in the nitrate, acetate, soluble carbon hydrochlorate, muriate, soluble complexes of these metals one or more as them.
Molybdenum in the said group vib, tungsten metallization compound are selected from one or more in the soluble compound of these metals, can be in molybdate, paramolybdate, tungstate, metatungstate, the ethyl metatungstate one or more as them.
According to catalyzer provided by the invention, look the forming composition that various objectives or requirement can be made into various easy handlings, for example microballoon, sphere, tablet or bar shaped etc.Moulding can be carried out according to a conventional method, all can as methods such as compressing tablet, spin, extrusions.
In the embodiment preferred, method for preparing catalyst comprises that with described k value be 0.4-15A (cm
2G)
-1Silica-alumina with a kind ofly have that faujusite structure molecular screen and a kind of restriction index are that 0.5＜CI＜5 molecular sieves mix, moulding and at 400-650 ℃ of roasting 2-8 hour; With the iron that contains at least a group VIII, cobalt or nickel and at least a described forming composition of solution impregnation that is selected from the molybdenum or the tungsten metallization compound of group vib.
According to the ordinary method in this area, catalyzer provided by the invention is before using, usually can be in the presence of hydrogen, under 140-370 ℃ temperature, carry out prevulcanized with sulphur, hydrogen sulfide or sulfur-bearing raw material, this prevulcanized can be carried out also can original position vulcanizing in device outside device, is translated into sulfide type.
Catalyzer provided by the invention is applicable to hydrocarbon raw material carried out hydrocracking, has hydrocarbon fraction than lower boiling and lower molecular weight with production.Described hydrocarbon raw material can be various heavy mineral oils or synthetic oil or their mixed fraction oil, as straight run gas oil (straight run gas oil), vacuum gas oil (vacuum gas oil), metal removal oil (demetallized oils), long residuum (atmosphericresidue), diasphaltene vacuum residuum (deasphalted vacuum residue), coker distillate (coker distillates), catalytic cracking distilled oil (cat craker distillates), shale oil (shale oil), asphalt sand oil (tar sand oil), liquefied coal coil (coal liquid) etc.The hydrocracking that catalyzer provided by the invention is specially adapted to heavy and inferior distillate oil is 149-371 ℃ to produce boiling range, and especially boiling range is the hydrocracking process of 180-370 ℃ of intermediate oil.
When catalyzer provided by the invention is used for distillate hydrocracking, can under the hydrocracking process condition of routine, use, as temperature of reaction 200-650 ℃, preferred 300-510 ℃, reaction pressure 3-24 MPa, preferred 4-15 MPa, liquid hourly space velocity 0.1-10 hour
-1Preferred 0.2-5 hour
-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio 100-5000, preferred 200-1000.
To the present invention be described by example below.
Agents useful for same in the example except that specifying, is chemically pure reagent.
The hydrogenation activity component concentration adopts x-ray fluorescence spectrometry [Yang Cuiding etc., petrochemical complex analytical procedure (RIPP test method), Science Press, 1990, P380].
The X-ray diffracting spectrum of silica-alumina is measured on SIMENS D5005 type X-ray diffractometer, CuK α radiation, and 44KV, 40mA, sweep velocity is 2 °/minute.
Example 1-5 has described and has been applicable to silica-alumina of the present invention and preparation method thereof.
Example 1
With 800 gram NaY type molecular sieve (SiO
2/ Al
2O
3=4.8, degree of crystallinity is defined as 100%, Chang Ling refinery product) placing 4000 milliliters, concentration is ammonium chloride (Beijing Chemical Plant's product of 1.0 moles, analytical pure) in the aqueous solution, exchange is 1 hour under 90 ℃ of stirrings, filters, and does not detect to there being chlorion with deionized water wash, 120 ℃ of oven dry, 550 ℃ of roastings 4 hours.Repeat the Y zeolite A that said process obtains sodium content (in sodium oxide) 0.35 weight % (flame atomic absorption spectrometry mensuration) for twice, recording sample degree of crystallinity with x-ray diffraction method is 76%, getting Y zeolite A 200 gram, to place 1000 milliliters, concentration be Neutral ammonium fluoride (Beijing Chemical Plant's product of 0.2 mole, analytical pure) in the aqueous solution, at 1 hour after-filtration of stirring at normal temperature, 120 ℃ of oven dry, 600 ℃ of roastings 4 hours obtain disordering Y zeolite B (the X ray diffracting characteristic peak of B disappears); Getting 1.5 liters of concentration is 60 gram Al
2O
3/ liter sodium aluminate solution, place one 2 liters one-tenth glue jar, 60 ℃ of initial temperatures feed CO from the bottom that becomes the glue jar
2Content is carbonic acid gas and the Air mixing gas of 90 body %, and the flow of gas mixture is 1.5 meters
3/ hour, reaction is 15 minutes, and pH drops to 8.8, and this moment, temperature of reaction was 73 ℃, stopped into the glue reaction, added yellow soda ash rapidly, made slurries pH rise to 11.0.Be warming up to 90 ℃ aging 4 hours, filter, with 20 times to 90 ℃ of deionized water wash of solid content 4 times, filtration obtains wet cake C; Get disordering Y zeolite B 80 grams and mix making beating with C, filter back 120 ℃ of oven dry, obtain the precursor Si-1 (butt 73 heavy %) of poriness silicon oxide-aluminum oxide, with Si-1 in 550 ℃ of roastings 4 hours, its x-ray diffraction spectra is seen Fig. 1 a, and silica content and k value see Table 1.
Example 2
Taking by weighing 12 gram example 1 disordering Y zeolite B and 100 gram SB powder (diaspore that German Condea company produces) mixes, obtain the precursor Si-2 (butt 74 weight %) of silica-alumina, with Si-2 in 550 ℃ of roastings 4 hours, its x-ray diffraction spectra is seen Fig. 1 b, and silica content and k value see Table 1
Example 3
Contain the rare-earth five-membered ring structure zeolite by example among the CN1020269C 12 is synthetic, obtain containing rare-earth five-membered ring structure zeolite D; According to identical condition is that crystallization temperature is 90 ℃ and synthetic obtains the partially-crystallized rare-earth five-membered ring structure zeolite E that contains.Contain rare-earth five-membered ring structure zeolite E silica content 93.3 weight %, alumina content 4.5 weight %, RE
2O
31.5 weight % (RE
2O
3Represent rare earth oxide, wherein lanthanum trioxide accounts for 26 weight % of total amount of the rare earth oxide, and oxidation Cerium accounts for 51 weight % of rare earth oxide gross weight, and other rare earth oxide accounts for 23 weight % of rare earth oxide gross weight).To contain rare-earth five-membered ring structure zeolite D is that the degree of crystallinity that benchmark is measured part crystallization ZSM-5-5 molecular sieve E is 6%.
Getting pseudo-boehmite powder (Shandong Aluminum Plant's production) 150 grams respectively mixes with partially-crystallized rare-earth five-membered ring structure zeolite E 38 grams that contain, in mixture, add 300 milliliters of deionized waters, normal temperature stirred 30 minutes down, filter, 150 ℃ of dryings 6 hours obtain silica-alumina precursor Si-3 (butt 73 weight %), with Si-3 in 550 ℃ of roastings 4 hours, its x-ray diffraction spectra is seen Fig. 1 c, and silica content and k value see Table 1.
Example 4
This example silica-alumina is through 550 ℃ of roastings 4 hours, and the commodity Siral40 of its X-ray diffracting spectrum such as Fig. 1 d (German Codea company product, silica content 40 weight %) is numbered Si-4, and silica content and k value see Table 1.
Example 5
Precursor Si-4 104 gram, SB powder (diaspore that German Condea company produces) 26 grams of getting silica-alumina mix, and obtain Si-4/SB, and in 550 ℃ of roastings 4 hours, its x-ray diffraction spectra was seen Fig. 1 e with Si-4/SB, and silica content and k value see Table 1.
Silica-alumina that Comparative Examples 1-2 explanation preparation reference catalyst is used and preparation method thereof.
Comparative Examples 1
Synthetic silica-aluminum oxide in accordance with the following methods: get 90 gram Al
2O
3/ liter 934 milliliters of aluminum trichloride solutions, place one 2 liters one-tenth glue jar, stir a following concentration and be 22% ammoniacal liquor to pH6.0, intensification degree to 60 ℃, constant temperature splashes into the sodium silicate solution that 162.5 ml concns are 6 gram silicon oxide/100 milliliter after one hour, with concentration is that 25 heavy % sulfuric acid are reconciled pH to 8.5, reacted 1 hour, filter, with 20 times to 90 ℃ of deionized water wash of solid content 4 times, 120 ℃ of oven dry, obtain the precursor Q (butt 76 weight %) of silica-alumina, in 550 ℃ of roastings 4 hours, its x-ray diffraction spectra was seen Fig. 1 f with Q, and silica content and k value see Table 1.
Comparative Examples 2
Precursor Q 202.4 grams that prepare silica-alumina according to 1 method of Comparative Examples and SB powder (diaspore that German Condea company produces) 63.3 restrains and mixes, obtain Q/SB, in 550 ℃ of roastings 4 hours, its x-ray diffraction spectra was seen Fig. 1 g with Q/SB, and silica content and k value see Table 1;
Table 1
| Example | ??1 | ??2 | ??3 | ??4 | ????5 | Comparative Examples 1 | Comparative Examples 2 |
| Numbering | ??Si-1 | ??Si-2 | ??Si-3 | ??Si-4 | ????Si-4/SB | ????Q | ????Q/SB |
| ????SiO 2(weight %) | ??32.5 | ??6.8 | ??25.0 | ??40.0 | ????32.5 | ????32.5 | ????25.0 |
| ????M SiO2 | ??0.45 | ??0.11 | ??0.36 | ??0.5 | ????0.45 | ????0.45 | ????0.36 |
| ????B[A·(cm 2·g) -1] | ??5.4 | ??0.7 | ??0.76 | ??0.3 | ????0.26 | ????0.15 | ????0.13 |
| ????K[A·(cm 2·g) -1] | ??12.1 | ??6.4 | ??2.1 | ??0.6 | ????0.58 | ????0.33 | ????0.36 |
Example 6～11 explanations monox-alumina containning hydrocracking catalyst provided by the invention and preparation method thereof.
Example 6
With 121.9 gram Si-1,15.4 gram HY type molecular sieve (Chang Ling refinery catalyst plant products, lattice constant 2.450 nanometers, butt 74 weight %) and 114.4 gram beta-zeolite (Chang Ling refinery catalyst plant products, silica alumina ratio 120, butt 87 weight %) mix, be extruded into circumscribed circle diameter and be 1.8 millimeters trilobal bar, 120 ℃ of oven dry, heat-up rate with 2 ℃/minute under air atmosphere is warming up to 450 ℃, and constant temperature 4 hours is cooled to and gets 180 grams after the room temperature with containing ammonium metawolframate (NH
4W
4O
1318H
2O) 83.4 grams, nickelous nitrate [Ni (NO
3)
26H
2O] aqueous solution dipping of 63.9 grams, 120 ℃ of oven dry 480 ℃ of roastings 4 hours, obtain catalyzer CH-1, molecular sieve type and be benchmark wherein with the catalyzer, the content of silica-alumina, molecular sieve, nickel oxide, Tungsten oxide 99.999 sees Table 2.
Example 7
With 117.2 gram Si-4/SB, 15.4 gram HY type molecular sieve (Chang Ling refinery catalyst plant products, lattice constant 2.450 nanometers, butt 74 weight %) and 114.4 gram beta-zeolite (Chang Ling refinery catalyst plant products, silica alumina ratio 120, butt 87 weight %) mix, be extruded into circumscribed circle diameter and be 1.8 millimeters trilobal bar, 120 ℃ of oven dry, heat-up rate with 2 ℃/minute under air atmosphere is warming up to 450 ℃, and constant temperature 4 hours is cooled to and gets 180 grams after the room temperature with containing ammonium metawolframate (NH
4W
4O
1318H
2O) 83.4 grams, nickelous nitrate [Ni (NO
3)
26H
2O] aqueous solution dipping of 63.9 grams, 120 ℃ of oven dry 450 ℃ of roastings 4 hours, obtain catalyzer CH-2, molecular sieve type and be benchmark wherein with the catalyzer, the content of silica-alumina, molecular sieve, nickel oxide, Tungsten oxide 99.999 sees Table 2.
Comparative Examples 3
This Comparative Examples explanation reference catalyst and preparation thereof
Get precursor Q, 15.4 gram HY type molecular sieves and 114.4 gram beta-zeolite (the Chang Ling refinery catalyst plant products of 121.9 gram silica-aluminas, silica alumina ratio 120, butt 87 weight %) mix, be extruded into circumscribed circle diameter and be 1.8 millimeters trilobal bar, 120 ℃ of oven dry, heat-up rate with 2 ℃/minute under air atmosphere is warming up to 450 ℃, constant temperature 4 hours, be cooled to room temperature, flood with ammonium fluoride aqueous solution, 120 ℃ of oven dry 450 ℃ of roastings 4 hours, are cooled to and get 180 grams after the room temperature with containing ammonium metawolframate (NH
4W
4O
1318H
2O) 83.4 grams, nickelous nitrate [Ni (NO
3)
26H
2O] aqueous solution dipping of 63.9 grams, 120 ℃ of oven dry 480 ℃ of roastings 4 hours, obtain catalyzer W, molecular sieve type and be benchmark wherein with the catalyzer, the content of silica-alumina, molecular sieve, nickel oxide, Tungsten oxide 99.999 sees Table 2.
Example 8
Get precursor Si-2,183 gram USY (the Chang Ling refinery catalyst plant products of 76 gram silica-aluminas, lattice constant 2.450 nanometers, butt 76 weight %) and 7.3 gram β zeolite (Chang Ling refinery catalyst plant products, silica alumina ratio 120, butt 87 weight %) mix, be extruded into circumscribed circle diameter and be 1.8 millimeters trilobal bar, 120 ℃ of oven dry, heat-up rate with 2 ℃/minute under air atmosphere is warming up to 580 ℃, and constant temperature 4 hours is cooled to and gets 180 grams after the room temperature with containing ammonium metawolframate (NH
4W
4O
1318H
2O) 79.8 grams, nickelous nitrate [Ni (NO
3)
26H
2O] aqueous solution dipping of 54.6 grams, 120 ℃ of oven dry 480 ℃ of roastings 4 hours, obtain catalyzer CH-3, molecular sieve type and be benchmark wherein with the catalyzer, the content of silica-alumina, molecular sieve, nickel oxide, Tungsten oxide 99.999 sees Table 2.
Example 9
With 150.9 gram Si-3 silica-alumina precursor, 87 gram PY type molecular sieve (Chang Ling refinery catalyst plant products, lattice constant 2.450 nanometers, butt 74 weight %) and 29.5 gram beta-zeolite (Chang Ling refinery catalyst plant products, silica alumina ratio 250, butt 87 weight %) mix, be extruded into circumscribed circle diameter and be 1.8 millimeters trilobal bar, 120 ℃ of oven dry, heat-up rate with 2 ℃/minute under air atmosphere is warming up to 450 ℃, constant temperature 4 hours is cooled to and gets 180 grams after the room temperature with containing ammonium metawolframate (NH
4W
4O
1318H
2O) 60.3 grams, nickelous nitrate [Ni (NO
3)
26H
2O] aqueous solution dipping of 31.5 grams, 120 ℃ of oven dry 480 ℃ of roastings 4 hours, obtain catalyzer CH-4, molecular sieve type and be benchmark wherein with the catalyzer, the content of silica-alumina, molecular sieve, nickel oxide, Tungsten oxide 99.999 sees Table 2.
Example 10
Get precursor Si-4,87 gram USY type molecular sieve (the Chang Ling refinery catalyst plant products of 121.3 gram silica-aluminas, lattice constant 2.450 nanometers, butt 76 weight %) and 45.4 beta-zeolites (Chang Ling refinery catalyst plant product, silica alumina ratio 120, butt 87 weight %) mix, be extruded into circumscribed circle diameter and be 1.8 millimeters trilobal bar, 120 ℃ of oven dry, heat-up rate with 2 ℃/minute under air atmosphere is warming up to 580 ℃, constant temperature 4 hours is cooled to and gets 180 grams after the room temperature with containing ammonium metawolframate (NH
4W
4O
1318H
2O) 71.7 grams, nickelous nitrate [Ni (NO
3)
26H
2O] aqueous solution dipping of 24.3 grams, 120 ℃ of oven dry 480 ℃ of roastings 4 hours, obtain catalyzer CH-5, molecular sieve type and be benchmark wherein with the catalyzer, the content of silica-alumina, molecular sieve, nickel oxide, Tungsten oxide 99.999 sees Table 2.
Example 11
Precursor Si-3,61 gram REY type molecular sieve (Chang Ling refinery catalyst plant products with 188 gram silica-aluminas, lattice constant 2.450 nanometers, butt 75 weight %) and 18.3 gram beta-zeolite (Chang Ling refinery catalyst plant products, silica alumina ratio 50, butt 83 weight %) mix, mix, be extruded into circumscribed circle diameter and be 1.8 millimeters trilobal bar, 120 ℃ of oven dry, heat-up rate with 2 ℃/minute under air atmosphere is warming up to 500 ℃, constant temperature 4 hours is cooled to and gets 180 grams after the room temperature with containing ammonium metawolframate (NH
4W
4O
1318H
2O) 116.4 grams, nickelous nitrate [Ni (NO
3)
26H
2O] aqueous solution dipping of 43.5 grams, 120 ℃ of oven dry 480 ℃ of roastings 4 hours, obtain catalyzer CH-6, molecular sieve type and be benchmark wherein with the catalyzer, the content of silica-alumina, molecular sieve, nickel oxide, Tungsten oxide 99.999 sees Table 2.
Comparative Examples 4
This Comparative Examples explanation reference catalyst and preparation thereof
Get precursor Q/SB, 61 gram REY type molecular sieves and 18.3 gram beta-zeolite (the Chang Ling refinery catalyst plant products of 188 gram silica-aluminas, silica alumina ratio 120, butt 87 weight %) mix, be extruded into circumscribed circle diameter and be 1.8 millimeters trilobal bar, 120 ℃ of oven dry, heat-up rate with 2 ℃/minute under air atmosphere is warming up to 580 ℃, and constant temperature 4 hours is cooled to and gets 180 grams after the room temperature with containing ammonium metawolframate (NH
4W
4O
1318H
2O) 116.4 grams, nickelous nitrate [Ni (NO
3)
26H
2O] aqueous solution dipping of 43.5 grams, 120 ℃ of oven dry 480 ℃ of roastings 4 hours, obtain catalyzer X, molecular sieve type and be benchmark wherein with the catalyzer, the content of silica-alumina, molecular sieve, nickel oxide, Tungsten oxide 99.999 sees Table 2.
Table 2
| Example | Catalyzer | Silicon oxide-aluminum oxide | Y zeolite weight % | Beta-zeolite weight % | NiO weight % | ????WO 3Weight % |
| ??6 | ??CH-1 | ??31.3 | ??HY，4 | ?35 | ????6.5 | ????23.2 |
| ??7 | ??CH-2 | ??31.3 | ??HY，4 | ?35 | ????6.5 | ????23.2 |
| Comparative Examples 3 | ??W | ??31.3 | ??HY，4 | ?35 | ????6.5 | ????23.2 |
| ??8 | ??CH-3 | ??19.1 | ??USY，50 | ?2 | ????5.6 | ????22.5 |
| ??9 | ??CH-4 | ??42.9 | ??PY，25 | ?10 | ????3.5 | ????18.6 |
| ??10 | ??CH-5 | ??35.9 | ??USY，25 | ?15 | ????2.6 | ????21.5 |
| ??11 | ??CH-6 | ??45.7 | ??REY，15 | ?5 | ????4.1 | ????30.2 |
| Comparative Examples 4 | ??X | ??45.7 | ??REY，15 | ?5 | ????4.1 | ????30.2 |
Example 12-13
The explanation of this example the invention provides the hydrocracking performance of catalyzer.
In this example, the hydrocracking evaluation method of catalyzer is, with the n-decane is raw material, the hydrogenation cracking activity of evaluate catalysts on the small fixed hydroeracking unit, catalyzer loading amount are 0.2ml, and the granules of catalyst diameter is 0.3～0.45mm, 380 ℃ of temperature of reaction, reaction pressure 2.0Mpa, hydrogen-oil ratio (volume ratio) is 25, liquid hourly space velocity is 60h
-1, the n-decane per-cent that transforms in forming with product is represented the transformation efficiency of catalyzer, and evaluation result sees Table 3.
Comparative Examples 5
The evaluation method of catalyzer W is with example 12, and the results are shown in Table 3 for gained.
Table 3
| Example 12 | Example 13 | Comparative Examples 4 | |
| Catalyzer | ????CH-1 | ????CH-2 | ????W |
| Transformation efficiency, % | ????79.6 | ????75.3 | ????68.2 |
The presentation of results of table 3 is under the identical situation of silica-alumina, molecular sieve, Tungsten oxide 99.999 and nickel oxide content, the transformation efficiency that the transformation efficiency of catalyzer CH-1, the CH-2 of the present invention's preparation is compared respectively than catalyzer W has improved 11.1 and 7.1, illustrates that catalyzer of the present invention has better hydrocracking performance.
Example 14
The hydrocracking performance of this example explanation catalyzer of the present invention.
Raw materials used oil is Iraq's vacuum gas oil, and its physico-chemical property sees Table 4.
In this example, the evaluation method of catalyzer is: the particle that catalyst breakage is become diameter 2-3 millimeter, in 100 milliliters of fixed-bed reactor, pack into 100 milliliters of catalyzer, under nitrogen atmosphere, use earlier before the reaction and contain the kerosene of 2 heavy % dithiocarbonic anhydride 300 ℃ of following prevulcanizeds 25 hours, switch the reaction raw materials reaction then, temperature of reaction is 375 ℃, and the hydrogen dividing potential drop is 10 MPas, liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) 1 hour
-1, hydrogen-oil ratio (volume) 800, the results are shown in Table 5.
Comparative Examples 6
The evaluation method of catalyzer X is with example 14, and the results are shown in Table 5 for gained.
Table 4
| Stock oil | |
| Density (20 ℃), g/cm 3 | ????0.9028 |
| S, weight % | ????2.38 |
| ??N，mg/l | ????1079 |
| Simulation distil (ASTM D-2887) | |
| ??IBP | ????238 |
| ??50 | ????435 |
| ??90 | ????497 |
Table 5
| Catalyzer | Example 15 | Comparative Examples 6 |
| Cracking generates oily simulation distil boiling range (ASTM D-2887) | ????CH-6 | ??X |
| ??150℃ -，％ | ????20.3 | ??16.3 |
| ??150-370℃，％ | ????55.1 | ??50.6 |
| ??370℃ +，％ | ????24.6 | ??33.1 |
As can be seen from Table 5, under identical reaction conditions, example 14 generates in the oil lower by 8.5% than Comparative Examples 6 greater than 370 ℃ of cut examples 14, illustrates that catalyzer provided by the invention has the hydrogenation cracking activity higher than reference catalyst; The yield of 150-370 ℃ of intermediate oil exceeds 4.5% than Comparative Examples 6 simultaneously, illustrates that catalyzer provided by the invention has higher intermediate oil selectivity when hydrogenation cracking activity improves.
Claims (18)
1, a kind of monox-alumina containning hydrocracking catalyst, this catalyzer contains a kind of silica-alumina, two kinds of molecular sieves, at least a iron, cobalt or nickel and at least a molybdenum or the tungsten metal component that is selected from group vib that is selected from group VIII, it is characterized in that the k value of described silica-alumina is 0.4-15A (cm
2G)
-1The restriction index that a kind of molecular sieve has faujusite structure, another kind of molecular sieve is 0.5＜CI＜5, with the catalyzer is benchmark, the content of silicon oxide one aluminum oxide is 10-90 weight %, content with faujusite structure molecular screen is 1-60 weight %, restriction index is that the content of 0.5＜CI＜5 molecular sieves is 1-50 weight %, and in oxide compound, the content of group VIII metal component is that the content of 1-10 weight %, group vib metal component is 5-40 weight %; Said k=B/M
SiO2, B is the protonic acid amount of silica-alumina, M
SiO2Molar fraction for silicon oxide in the silica-alumina.
According to the described catalyzer of claim 1, it is characterized in that 2, the k value of described silica-alumina is 0.5-13A (cm
2G)
-1, be benchmark with the silica-alumina, the content of silicon oxide is 1-60 weight %.
According to the described catalyzer of claim 2, it is characterized in that 3, described silica-alumina has the X-ray diffraction spectrogram that is selected from one or more aluminum oxide among γ, η, θ, δ and the χ of feature, the content of silicon oxide is 1-45 weight %.
According to the described catalyzer of claim 3, it is characterized in that 4, described silica-alumina has the X-ray diffraction spectrogram of the gama-alumina of feature.
According to the described catalyzer of claim 1, it is characterized in that 5, described molecular sieve with faujusite structure is the y-type zeolite molecular sieve.
6, according to the described catalyzer of claim 5, it is characterized in that described y-type zeolite molecular screening one or more in HY, USY, REY and P-contained Y-zeolite molecular sieve.
According to the described catalyzer of claim 1, it is characterized in that 7, described restriction index is in ZSM-12, ZSM-35, ZSM-38, ZSM-48, TMA offretite, clinoptilolite and beta-zeolite one or more of the molecular screening of 0.5＜CI＜5.
According to the described catalyzer of claim 7, it is characterized in that 8, described restriction index is that the molecular sieve of 0.5＜CI＜5 is a beta-zeolite.
9, according to the described catalyzer of claim 1, it is characterized in that, with the catalyzer is benchmark, the content of silica-alumina is 15-60 weight %, content with faujusite structure molecular screen is 1-55 weight %, restriction index is that the content of 0.5＜CI＜5 molecular sieves is 1-45 weight %, and in oxide compound, the content of group VIII metal component is that the content of 2-8 weight %, group vib metal component is 10-35 weight %.
10, the described Preparation of catalysts method of claim 1, this method comprises mixes iron, cobalt or nickel and at least a molybdenum or the tungsten metal component that is selected from group vib that is incorporated at least a group VIII of introducing in this mixture with a kind of silica-alumina and two kinds of molecular sieves, it is characterized in that the k value of described silica-alumina is 0.4-15A (cm
2G)
-1, the restriction index that a kind of molecular sieve has faujusite structure, another kind of molecular sieve is 0.5＜CI＜5; Said k=B/M
SiO2, B is the protonic acid amount of silica-alumina, M
SiO2Molar fraction for silicon oxide in the silica-alumina.
11, in accordance with the method for claim 10, it is characterized in that the k value of described silica-alumina is 0.5-13A (cm
2G)
-1, be benchmark with the silica-alumina, silica content is 1-60 weight %.
12, in accordance with the method for claim 11, it is characterized in that described silica-alumina has the X-ray diffraction spectrogram that is selected from one or more aluminum oxide among γ, η, θ, δ and the χ of feature, the content of silicon oxide is 1-45 weight %.
13, in accordance with the method for claim 12, it is characterized in that, described silica-alumina is by having containing si molecular sieves or contain composition that disordering contains si molecular sieves and directly mixing and obtain of the aluminum oxide that is selected from one or more crystal formations among γ, η, θ, δ and the χ and at least a disordering.
14, in accordance with the method for claim 12, it is characterized in that, described silica-alumina is mixed by containing si molecular sieves or containing the composition that disordering contains si molecular sieves of the hydrate of aluminum oxide and at least a disordering, obtains in 350-850 ℃ of roasting 2-8 hour.
15, in accordance with the method for claim 14, it is characterized in that the hydrate of described aluminum oxide is selected from one or more the mixture among hibbsite, monohydrate alumina and the amorphous hydroted alumina; Or one or more the mixture among one or more hibbsite, monohydrate alumina and the amorphous hydroted alumina in siliceous, the titanium, magnesium, boron, zirconium, thorium, niobium, rare earth.
According to claim 13 or 14 described methods, it is characterized in that 16, described disordering contains one or more in the ZSM series zeolite of faujusite that si molecular sieves is a disordering and disordering.
According to claim 13 or 14 described methods, it is characterized in that 17, described disordering molecular sieve is by preparing partially-crystallized molecular sieve or the si molecular sieves that contains of complete crystallization being carried out disordering and handles and to obtain.
18, in accordance with the method for claim 10, it is characterized in that the iron of described at least a group VIII, cobalt or nickel and at least aly be selected from the molybdenum of group vib or the introducing method of tungsten metal component is a pickling process.
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