CN1552622A - Artificial crystal synthetic mica, preparing method and apparatus thereof - Google Patents
Artificial crystal synthetic mica, preparing method and apparatus thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1552622A CN1552622A CNA03135050XA CN03135050A CN1552622A CN 1552622 A CN1552622 A CN 1552622A CN A03135050X A CNA03135050X A CN A03135050XA CN 03135050 A CN03135050 A CN 03135050A CN 1552622 A CN1552622 A CN 1552622A
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Abstract
A synthetic mica prepared from artificial crystals and its preparing process and equipment are disclosed. It features that part of its raw materials is used to remove impurities, resulting in high quality of synthetic mica.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of crystal of synthetic, especially a kind of artificial crystal synthesized mica.The invention still further relates to the preparation method and the device of described artificial crystal synthesized mica.
Background technology
Mica is a kind of crystalline substance, and it has good insulativity, erosion resistance and resistant to elevated temperatures characteristic, is extensive use of in every field is used.The normal natural mica that uses comes with some shortcomings in the prior art, mainly be erosion resistance and high temperature resistant aspect can not satisfy requirement higher in the use gradually.On high temperature resistant, natural muscovite is fusion at 400-500 ℃, and phlogopite also can fusion in the time of 600-800 ℃.The mica that synthetic is also arranged in the prior art, inaccurate because of filling a prescription, unreasonable on the production technique in addition, the operational condition of controlling in the preparation is not suitable for, make synthetic mica degradation, lower as purity, the product of making accompanies impurity, its crystalline wafer is also less, and these all reduce the comprehensive utilization value of synthetic mica greatly.
It is its power supply that traditional mica producing apparatus adopts the direct current two-phase power supply more, because two-phase power supply voltage is low, the electrode starting the arc that links to each other with power supply is little, and the less calories of generation makes mica yield poorly, the cost height; And, flowing through the electric current instability of electrode, power factor is low, electrical network is impacted big, causes traditional mica producing apparatus to be not suitable for industrialized production.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to improve deficiency of the prior art, the artificial crystal synthesized mica of a kind of synthetic its erosion resistance of back and high thermal resistance excellence is provided.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of described artificial crystal synthesized mica.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation facilities of realizing above-mentioned preparation method.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Artificial crystal synthesized mica provided by the invention comprises quartz sand, magnesia, aluminum oxide powder, potassium silicofluoride and salt of wormwood in its preparation raw material essentially consist, and its content (weight percent) is:
Quartz sand (SiO
2) 40%～35%
Magnesia (MgO) 30%～29%
Aluminum oxide powder (Al
2O
3) 10%～13%
Potassium silicofluoride (K
2SiF
6) 16%～20%
Salt of wormwood (K
2CO
3) 4%～3%
The molecular formula of above-mentioned raw materials synthetic artificial crystal synthesized mica is: KMg
3(AlSi
3O
10) F
2
Above-mentioned each component is powder, can obtain thorough mixing like this to make the uniform synthetic mica of constitutive property in preparation process.The granularity of each material powder preferably also will have a restriction, influences then and makes the micaceous quality otherwise can have influence on homogeneity in the mixing process of raw material and the abundant fusion in the melting of back, and therefore, the granularity of each component is preferably:
Quartz sand (SiO
2) 40 orders～100 orders
Magnesia (MgO) 16 orders～30 orders
Aluminum oxide powder (Al
2O
3) 120 orders～200 orders
Potassium silicofluoride (K
2SiF
6) 120 orders～200 orders
Salt of wormwood (K
2CO
3) 16 orders～40 orders
Above-mentioned each compound does not often have pure simple substance in industrial application, more or less all has some impurity.If the content of impurity is bigger in the raw material, then can has influence on and make the micaceous performance, even can't make qualified mica.Therefore, if raw material contains impurity, its purity is preferably:
Quartz sand (SiO
2) 97%～99%
Magnesia (MgO) 92%～99%
Aluminum oxide powder (Al
2O
3) 98%～99%
Potassium silicofluoride (K
2SiF
6) 98%～99%
Salt of wormwood (K
2CO
3) 96%～99%
The KMg that is preparing
3(AlSi
3O
10) F
2In, SiO
2Content be preferably in 38～42%, Al
2O
3Content be preferably in 10～14%, K
2The content of O is preferably in 9～14%, and the content of MgO is preferably in 24～29%, and the content of F is preferably in 7～12%.And impurity F e
2O
3Content be preferably lower than 0.1～0.2%, the content of TiO is preferably lower than 0.5～1%, the content of CaO is preferably lower than 0.5～1%.
The preparation method of described artificial crystal synthesized mica provided by the invention is a three-phase electricity heating and melting method, and its concrete steps are:
A, above-mentioned each raw material powder is even, standby by described mixed;
B, preparation preparation container: in this container, set firmly heating electrode and arc electrode rod;
In C, the container with the ready mixing raw material adding of steps A step B preparation, the connection three-phase supply carries out electrothermal melting to described raw material and makes synthetic mica; Electrothermal melting can be divided into three phases:
(a), the heating mixing raw material is a molten state; Dusty raw materials is added in the container gradually, and the raw materials melt that adds previously continues to add follow-up raw material after making container vacate the space again, all is full of the fused raw material in the chamber of entire container, reinforced stopping; In this stage, because the material in the container is more and more, and will make material all become molten state, therefore, corresponding current value raises gradually, and last current value is 1200 peaces; Temperature 800-1000 ℃, magnitude of voltage is adjusted into 80～120 volts at last; This stage required time is according to the size of container and different;
(b), fused raw material insulation reaction; Electric current and voltage keep substantially constant in this stage; Soaking time was at 40～55 hours; The current value of holding stage is 1300～1600 peaces, and magnitude of voltage is 70～100 volts.
Insulating process can carry out on several current values in classification: be incubated for some time respectively at several high temperature, and then be raised to the top temperature insulation, the soaking time sum of each section is corresponding with total soaking time; Can make the diffusion of each component in the molten materials more abundant like this.To divide progression can be 2～5 grades.Specifically: in being lower than a numerical range of lowest high-current value, set in addition 2～5 current values, constant for some time on these several current values, rather than increase current value continuously and keep constant for some time to maximum value.The benefit of such classification heating is that substance ion or molecule are fully spread, and the removal of impurity is also more thorough; The general current value of correspondences at different levels that divides is in 200～500 peaces of this numerical range that is lower than lowest high-current value below lowest high-current value;
(c), cooling forms mica crystal; Reduce current value and magnitude of voltage gradually, make the material cooled and solidified in the container, refrigerative speed should be each hour current value and reduces by 100 peaces for well.The cooling rate of whole temperature-fall period should be appropriate, should finish within 10～15 hours, and last current value can be in 600 peaces, and magnitude of voltage can be at 30～25 volts; Too fast because if lower the temperature, the crystal whereabouts of growth is mixed and disorderly, and directional property is poor, and the sheet mica of growth is little and unordered.Slowly prolonged preparation cycle and increased cost but lower the temperature, in addition, the temperature that crystal is deviate from container preferably is not less than 45 degree of ingesting, and expansive cement is injected in punching on crystal sticks together then therein, splits so that crystal is sticked together, and helps processing.If temperature is low excessively, then is unfavorable for expanding and dissociates.
Crystalline substance is given birth in D, outage, normal temperature cooling down, and the temperature of the material in entire container all is reduced to envrionment temperature, makes synthetic mica.
E, synthetic mica is separated with container.
Then, according to different purposes granularity specification variant production is processed in this synthetic mica fragmentation exactly, again through warehouse-in preservation after the assay was approved.
The used device of the present invention comprises and is used for the housing that heat is melted the container of raw material and three-phase alternating-current supply is provided for container;
Described container is to form with fire-resistant brick system, is evenly equipped with some groups of heating electrode transverse slats, the perpendicular rod of heating and arc electrode rod at internal tank; The power end of this heating electrode transverse slat, the perpendicular rod of heating and arc electrode rod links to each other with the output terminal of the three-phase alternating-current supply of described housing respectively;
Described housing divides high pressure control cabinet and low-voltage power distributing cabinet;
Described high pressure control cabinet comprises high-tension switch cabinet and high-tension transformer case; One end of the three-phase high-voltage switch in the high-tension switch cabinet links to each other with high-voltage power supply, and the former limit of the high-tension transformer in the other end and the high-tension transformer case links to each other, and the secondary of high-tension transformer links to each other with low-voltage power distributing cabinet;
Described low-voltage power distributing cabinet comprises operation housing, thyristor voltage regulation cabinet, low frequency voltate regulator and big current conversion cabinet; The three-phase power input end of operation housing links to each other with described high-tension transformer three-phase power output end, and its three-phase power output end links to each other with the three-phase power input end of thyristor voltage regulation cabinet; The three-phase power output end of thyristor voltage regulation cabinet links to each other with the three-phase power input end of big current conversion cabinet by the low frequency voltate regulator, and the three-phase power output end of current conversion cabinet directly links to each other with electrode in the container greatly;
The main effect of described high pressure control cabinet is to utilize high-tension transformer the high pressure of 10000V to be reduced to the low pressure of 380V; The main effect of low-voltage power distributing cabinet is by the thyristor voltage regulation cabinet three-phase alternating voltage of 380V to be adjusted into the low pressure of 0～250V, and the adjustable voltage of 10～170V is provided for the heating electrode transverse slat in the container, the perpendicular rod of heating and arc electrode rod by the low frequency voltate regulator again; Big current conversion cabinet is adjusted into 0～2000A with 0～250V low-tension current of low frequency voltate regulator output.
Described big current conversion cabinet comprises three alternating current contactor 1C, 2C, 3C and start buttons, running button, stop button; Three main contactor points series connection of alternating current contactor 1C and alternating current contactor 2C constitutes master loops, makes to be loaded into described heating electrode transverse slat, the perpendicular rod of heating, the arc electrode three-phase supply on excellent and to become " Y " type to connect; Alternating current contactor 3C is connected in parallel on by the alternating current contactor 2C, and three main contactor points by alternating current contactor 3C make and are loaded into described heating electrode transverse slat, the perpendicular rod of heating, the arc electrode three-phase supply on excellent and become " △ " type to connect;
The coil of described start button, stop button and alternating current contactor 1C, 2C, 3C constitutes control loop, makes alternating current contactor 1C, 2C and 3C replace adhesive, action.
In order to improve the wattful power of operating device, reduce the harmonic pollution of equipment to electrical network, described device also comprises the electric power compensation cabinet; The three-phase power input end of this electric power compensation cabinet links to each other with low pressure 380V AC power, and its three-phase power output end links to each other with the power input of described low-frequency transformer; It mainly comprises alternating current contactor 1C, 2C, three groups of inducers, three groups of electric capacity, start button, stop button; Three main contactor points of alternating current contactor 2C constitute the three-phase master loops, and three main contactor points of contactor 1C and three groups of inducers, three groups of capacitances in series are in parallel with three main contactor points of contactor 2C; The coil of start button, stop button and contactor 1C, 2C constitutes control loop, makes contactor 1C, 2C replace adhesive, action.
Each component is except as the synthetic mica in the raw material of preparation synthetic mica provided by the invention, and also have some effects: for example the adding of fluorine element can also make impurities in raw materials calcium form fluorochemical, and it is a volatile matter, can volatilize in melting and removes.And if the potassium element amount is not enough, then can generate some impurity crystal.And adopt salt of wormwood and potassium silicofluoride, and be because the chemical property of these materials is more active, than being easier to be carried out to the branch displacement, have laid a good foundation for forming synthetic mica.If aforesaid prescription has bigger variation, especially changed salt of wormwood and potassium silicofluoride and ratio thereof, to such an extent as to the mica of making will be no longer transparent and yellow, pink colour black occur, xln is very little, can not produce synthetic mica even.
Preparation method provided by the invention, with aforesaid composition of raw materials bonded basis on can be better, more efficient high texture prepares synthetic mica.
Artificial crystal synthesized mica by prescription provided by the invention and prepared has following advantage:
1, very strong light transmission.This synthetic mica is smooth, smooth, and transparency is considerably beyond natural mica.
2, mechanical property height.This synthetic mica is peeled off slightly firmly and easily than natural mica at normal temperatures in flakes.
3, good in thermal property.This synthetic mica is 1200 ℃ in Heating temperature and does not deform substantially with interior; Natural mica just begins to decompose from 450-650 ℃, expansion thickening, weightless serious, and fusing point of this synthetic mica or recrystallization temperature are 1350 ℃, its moisture-free is so its high high-temp stability is more much higher than natural mica.
4, electrolysis stable performance.This synthetic mica is because the purity height, and the performance of test is comparatively stable, and natural mica is under high temperature test, and fluctuation ratio is bigger.
5, the venting rate under the vacuum is little.Because do not have water molecules in this synthetic mica, therefore, discharge quantity is extremely low under vacuum high-temperature, this is extremely favourable for it as making the vacuum insulation device, can improve the work-ing life of device greatly.
6, erosion resistance height.This synthetic mica has good chemical stability, in the acid-base solution of various concentration at normal temperatures, chemical reaction does not take place all; Because hydration reaction under the washing away of normal temperature high voltage water, does not take place in its purity height, can keep original sharpness and transparency substantially.
Because this synthetic mica has above-mentioned advantage, it can obtain wide popularization and application in fields such as electrical equipment, machinery, paint, chemical industry, metallurgy, makeup and aerospace.It can also satisfy the demand of some production high-tech areas, makes admixture in the paint industry, makes auxiliary material in welding rod, in makeup, make the filler in the shedding, make various insulating parts and circuit card, particularly on aerospace field, substitute silicone plastics etc. as various plug connector elements.
Because the housing in the preparation facilities of the present invention can be that 0～250V, electric current are the three-phase alternating-current supply of 0～2000A for the heating electrode transverse slat in the container, the perpendicular rod of heating, the excellent voltage that provides of arc electrode not only, make it can produce big electric arc constantly, the heat height, thereby increase the electrolysis amount, improve micaceous output greatly, mica output of the present invention is 1～2 times of legacy equipment, has reduced production cost; And the present invention also reduces impact to electrical network by the electric power compensation device, improves power factor of electric network, improves the wattful power of equipment.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 prepares the composition and the annexation synoptic diagram of equipment for the present invention
Fig. 2 operates the composition and the annexation synoptic diagram of housing for the present invention
Fig. 3 is the composition and the annexation synoptic diagram of the big current conversion cabinet of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the composition and the annexation synoptic diagram of electric power compensation cabinet of the present invention
Embodiment
Artificial crystal synthesized mica provided by the invention comprises quartz sand, magnesia, aluminum oxide powder, potassium silicofluoride and salt of wormwood in its preparation raw material essentially consist, and its content (weight percent) purity and granularity are:
Quartz sand (SiO
2) 40%～35% 97%～99% 40 order～100 orders
Magnesia (MgO) 30%～29% 92%～99% 16 order～30 orders
Aluminum oxide powder (Al
2O
3) 10%～13% 98%～99% 120 order～200 orders
Potassium silicofluoride (K
2SiF
6) 16%～20% 98%～99% 120 order～200 orders
Salt of wormwood (K
2CO
3) 4%～3% 96%～99% 16 order～40 orders
The molecular formula of above-mentioned raw materials synthetic artificial crystal synthesized mica is: KMg
3(AlSi
3O
10) F
2
The KMg that is preparing
3(AlSi
3O
10) F
2In, SiO
2Content 38～42%, Al
2O
3Content 10～14%, K
2The content of O is 9～14%, and the content of MgO is 24～29%, and the content of F is 7～12%.And impurity F e
2O
3Content be lower than 0.1～0.2%, the content of TiO is lower than 0.5～1%, the content of CaO is lower than 0.5～1%.
The preparation method of described artificial crystal synthesized mica provided by the invention is a three-phase electricity heating and melting method, and its concrete steps are:
A, above-mentioned each raw material powder is even, standby by described mixed;
B, prepare the preparation container: with fire-resistant brick this container that goes out, this container cost is low, takes easily and puts the charging that is easier to brokenly stick together, while good heat insulating; Also can adopt other containers, as crucible=iron pan etc.; In this container, set firmly three of heating electrode transverse slats, three of three of perpendicular rods and arc electrode rods, it is distributed in this container;
C, the ready mixing raw material of steps A is added in the container that step B makes, connect three-phase supply and described raw material is carried out electrothermal melting make synthetic mica; Electrothermal melting can be divided into three phases:
(a), the heating mixing raw material becomes molten state; Dusty raw materials is added in the container gradually, and the raw materials melt that adds previously continues to add follow-up raw material after making container vacate the space again, all is full of the fused raw material in the chamber of entire container, reinforced stopping; In this stage, because the material in the container is more and more, and will make material all become molten state, therefore, corresponding current value raises gradually, and last current value is 1200 peaces; Temperature 800-1000 ℃, magnitude of voltage is adjusted into 80～120 volts at last; This stage required time is according to the size of container and different;
(b), fused raw material insulation reaction; Electric current and voltage keep substantially constant in this stage; Soaking time was at 40～55 hours; The current value of holding stage is 1300～1600 peaces, and magnitude of voltage is 70～100 volts.
Insulating process can carry out on several current values in classification: be incubated for some time respectively at several high temperature, and then be raised to the top temperature insulation, the soaking time sum of each section is corresponding with total soaking time; Can make the diffusion of each component in the molten materials more abundant like this.To divide progression can be 3 grades.Specifically: in being lower than a numerical range of lowest high-current value, set in addition 3 current values, constant for some time on these several current values, rather than increase current value continuously and keep constant for some time to maximum value.The benefit of such classification heating is that substance ion or molecule are fully spread, and the removal of impurity is also more thorough; The general current value of correspondences at different levels that divides is in 200～500 peaces of this numerical range that is lower than lowest high-current value below lowest high-current value;
(c), cooling forms mica crystal; Reduce current value and magnitude of voltage gradually, make the material cooled and solidified in the container, cooling is that speed should be each hour current value and reduces by 100 peaces for well.The cooling rate of whole temperature-fall period should be appropriate, should finish within 10～15 hours, and last current value can be in 600 peaces, and magnitude of voltage can be at 30～25 volts;
Crystalline substance is given birth in D, outage, normal temperature cooling down, and the temperature of the material in entire container all is reduced to envrionment temperature, makes synthetic mica.
E, synthetic mica is separated with container.
Then, according to different purposes granularity specification variant production is processed in this synthetic mica fragmentation exactly, again through warehouse-in preservation after the assay was approved.
Be a concrete example below.
The height of container is 2.2 meters, and intermediary maximum cross section diameter is 2.5 meters, and the cross-sectional diameter of top and bottom is 2 meters, and the inventory of a stove is 15 tons.
The purity and the granularity of composition of raw materials and each material are respectively:
Quartz sand (SiO
2) 35.31% 97%～99% 40 order～100 orders
Magnesia (MgO) 29.40% 92%～99% 16 order～30 orders
Aluminum oxide powder (Al
2O
3) 11.97% 98%～99% 120 order～200 orders
Potassium silicofluoride (K
2SiF
6) 19.70% 98%～99% 120 order～200 orders
Salt of wormwood (K
2CO
3) 3.62% 96%～99% 16 order～40 orders
The above-mentioned raw materials thorough mixing is added in the container, and the connection three-phase supply carries out electrothermal melting to described raw material and makes synthetic mica; The time of electrothermal melting, current value, magnitude of voltage see the following form:
| Time | Current value (peace) | Magnitude of voltage (volt) |
| 5 minutes | 50 | ?10 |
| 5 minutes | 100 | ?15 |
| 20 minutes | 200 | ?30 |
| 30 minutes | 300 | ?170 |
| 1 hour | 400 | ?150～120 |
| 1 hour | 500 | ?120～110 |
| 1 hour | 600 | ?100 |
| 1 hour | 700 | ?100 |
| 1 hour | 800 | ?100～110 |
| 1 hour | 900 | ?110 |
| 1 hour | 1000 | ?110～100 |
| 1 hour | 1100 | ?100 |
| 1 hour | 1200 | ?100 |
| 13 hours | 1300 | ?100～80 |
| 6 hours | 1400 | ?80 |
| 6 hours | 1500 | ?80～70 |
| 24 hours | 1600 | ?70～55 |
| 1 hour | 1500 | ?55～50 |
| 1 hour | 1400 | ?50 |
| 1 hour | 1300 | ?50 |
| 1 hour | 1200 | ?50 |
| 1 hour | 1100 | ?50～40 |
| 1 hour | 1000 | ?40 |
| 1 hour | 900 | ?40～35 |
| 1 hour | 800 | ?30 |
| 1 hour | 700 | ?30 |
| 1 hour | 600 | ?30～25 |
As shown in Figure 1, the device for preparing this artificial crystal synthesized mica comprises container 1 and the housing 2 of three-phase alternating-current supply is provided for container 1.Container 1 is to form with fire-resistant brick system, is evenly equipped with three groups of heating electrode transverse slats, the perpendicular rod of heating and arc electrode rod 11 in container 1 inside.The power end of heating electrode transverse slat, the perpendicular rod of heating and arc electrode rod 11 links to each other with the output terminal of the three-phase alternating-current supply of housing 2 respectively, produces electric arc, thermosol starting material, generation synthetic mica.
When crystalline temp is reduced to 46-45 degree of ingesting, make crystal deviate from container, on crystal, open some holes, in emptying aperture, fill out expansive cement.Treat cement and expanded after, crystal sticks together and can dissociate.
As shown in the figure, 2 fens high pressure control cabinets 21 of housing and low-voltage power distributing cabinet 22.High pressure control cabinet 21 comprises high-tension switch cabinet 211 and high-tension transformer case 212.One end of the three-phase high-voltage switch in the high-tension switch cabinet 211 links to each other with high-voltage fence, and the former limit of the high-tension transformer that the other end and high-tension transformer case 212 are interior links to each other, and the secondary of high-tension transformer links to each other with low-voltage power distributing cabinet 22.The main effect of high pressure control cabinet 21 is to utilize high-tension transformer the high pressure of 10000V to be reduced to the low pressure of 380V.
Low-voltage power distributing cabinet 22 comprises operation housing 221, thyristor voltage regulation cabinet 222, low frequency voltate regulator 223 and big current conversion cabinet 224.The three-phase power input end of operation housing 221 links to each other with the three-phase power output end of high pressure control cabinet 21, and its three-phase power output end links to each other with the three-phase power input end of thyristor voltage regulation cabinet 222; The three-phase power output end of thyristor voltage regulation cabinet 222 links to each other with the three-phase power input end of big current conversion cabinet 224 by low frequency voltate regulator 223, and the three-phase power output end of big current conversion cabinet 224 directly links to each other with the interior electrode 11 of container 1.
Low-voltage power distributing cabinet 22 mainly is by six groups of silicon controlled rectifiers in the thyristor voltage regulation cabinet 222 voltage of 380V to be adjusted into the low pressure of 0～250V, and the adjustable voltage of 10～170V is provided for the heating electrode transverse slat in the container 1, the perpendicular rod of heating and arc electrode rod 11 by low frequency voltate regulator 223 then.Simultaneously, utilize big current conversion cabinet 224 that 0～250V low-tension current of low frequency voltate regulator 223 outputs is adjusted into 0～2000A.The power input that is installed in perpendicular rod of heating electrode transverse slat, heating in the container 1 and arc electrode rod 11 is that 0～250V, electric current are that the three-phase alternating-current supply of 0～2000A links to each other with the voltage of big current conversion cabinet 224 outputs directly, produce electric arc, the thermosol starting material produce mica.
Aforesaid operations housing 221 mainly is to provide 380V alternating-current for thyristor voltage regulation cabinet 222, low frequency voltate regulator 223 and big current conversion cabinet 224, as shown in Figure 2, it is made of air switch GK, the reometer A, the voltmeter V that melt RD soon and be used for monitoring in real time three-phase loop current, voltage that are connected in the three-phase master loop.
The effect of above-mentioned big current conversion cabinet 224 mainly is to regulate the size of current that is carried on the electrode 11 according to mica output, and as shown in Figure 3, it comprises alternating current contactor 1C, 2C, 3C and start button 1QA, running button 2QA, stop button TA.Three main contactor point series connection of alternating current contactor 1C and alternating current contactor 2C constitute master loop, make the three-phase supply that is loaded on heating electrode transverse slat, the perpendicular rod of heating, the arc electrode excellent 11 become " Y " type to connect.Alternating current contactor 3C is connected in parallel on by the alternating current contactor 2C, and three main contactor points by alternating current contactor 3C make and are loaded into heating electrode transverse slat, the perpendicular rod of heating, the arc electrode three-phase supply on excellent and become " △ " type to connect.The coil series connection of start button 1QA, stop button TA and alternating current contactor 1C constitutes the loop.The coil of alternating current contactor 2C and 3C makes alternating current contactor 2C and 3C replace adhesive, action by compound running button 2QA interlocking.
When pressing start button 1QA, that contactor 1C, 2C coil get is electric, adhesive simultaneously and self-locking, is carried in smelting furnace internal heating electrode transverse slat, the perpendicular rod of heating, the arc electrode three-phase supply on excellent and connects for " Y " type, and electric current is between 50-700A.When treating that smelting furnace needs the above electric current of 700A, press running button 2QA.Because button 2QA is compound button, after pressing 2QA and at first contactor 2C outage being discharged, contactor 3C coil just electric adhesive.Again since three main contactor points of contactor 3C make and be loaded into heating electrode transverse slat, the perpendicular rod of heating, the arc electrode three-phase supply on excellent and become " △ " type to connect, so, make that be loaded into heating electrode transverse slat, the perpendicular rod of heating, the arc electrode electric current on excellent surpasses 700A.When the needs blowing out, press the button TA, make the coil blackout of contactor 1C, 2C, 3C, the main contactor point of 1C, 2C, 3C disconnects.The present invention is exactly the size that changes electric current by the size that change is loaded into the voltage on the electrode 11.
In order to improve the wattful power of operating device, reduce the harmonic pollution of equipment to electrical network, as shown in Figure 1, housing 2 of the present invention also comprises low-tension switch cabinet 225 and electric power compensation cabinet 226.Low-tension switch cabinet 223 mainly is to provide 380V AC power for electric power compensation cabinet 226.As shown in Figure 4, the three-phase power input end of electric power compensation cabinet 226 links to each other with the three-phase power output end of low-tension switch cabinet 225, and its three-phase power output end links to each other with the power input of low-frequency transformer 223.It mainly comprises alternating current contactor 1C, 2C, three groups of inducer ZOB, three groups of capacitor C 1, C2, C3, start button RA, stop button TA etc.; Three main contactor points of alternating current contactor 2C constitute the three-phase master loops, and three main contactor points and three groups of inducer ZOB, three groups of capacitor C 1, C2, C3 of contactor 1C connect in parallel with three main contactor points of contactor 2C; The coil of start button RA, stop button TA and contactor 1C, 2C constitutes control loop, makes contactor 1C, 2C replace adhesive, action.In master loop, when series reactor ZOB and capacitor C 1, C2, C3 harmonic carcellation, press start button RA when needs, make contactor 1C adhesive; When not needing series reactor ZOB, press stop button TA, make contactor 1C end open contactor 2C adhesive.The present invention utilizes three groups of inducer ZOB and three groups of capacitor C 1, C2, C3 harmonic carcellations to pollute exactly, improves power factor of electric network, improves the wattful power of equipment.
Because housing 2 of the present invention can be that 0～250V, electric current are the three-phase alternating-current supply of 0～2000A for the heating electrode transverse slat in the container 1, the perpendicular rod of heating, arc electrode excellent 11 provide voltage, make it can produce big electric arc constantly, the heat height, thereby increase the electrolysis amount, improve micaceous output greatly, and mica output of the present invention is 1～2 times of legacy equipment, has reduced production cost.In addition, the present invention also reduces impact to electrical network by the electric power compensation device, improves power factor of electric network, improves the wattful power of equipment.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of artificial crystal synthesized mica is characterized in that: comprise in the preparation raw material essentially consist
Quartz sand, magnesia, aluminum oxide powder, potassium silicofluoride and salt of wormwood, its content (weight percent) is:
Quartz sand (SiO
2) 40%～35%
Magnesia (MgO) 30%～29%
Aluminum oxide powder (Al
2O
3) 10%～13%
Potassium silicofluoride (K
2SiF
6) 16%～20%
Salt of wormwood (K
2CO
3) 4%～3%.
The molecular formula of above-mentioned raw materials synthetic artificial crystal synthesized mica is: KMg
3(AlSi
3O
10) F
2
2, synthetic mica according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described each component is powder, and the granularity of each component is:
Quartz sand (SiO
2) 40 orders～100 orders
Magnesia (MgO) 16 orders～30 orders
Aluminum oxide powder (Al
2O
3) 120 orders～200 orders
Potassium silicofluoride (K
2SiF
6) 120 orders～200 orders
Salt of wormwood (K
2CO
3) 16 orders～40 orders.
3, synthetic mica according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described its purity of each component is:
Quartz sand (SiO
2) 97%～99%
Magnesia (MgO) 92%～99%
Aluminum oxide powder (Al
2O
3) 98%～99%
Potassium silicofluoride (K
2SiF
6) 98%～99%
Salt of wormwood (K
2CO
3) 96%～99%
4, a kind of method for preparing synthetic mica as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: its concrete steps are:
A, above-mentioned each raw material powder is even, standby by described mixed;
B, preparation preparation container: in this container, set firmly heating electrode and arc electrode rod;
C, the ready mixing raw material of steps A is added in the container that step B makes, connect three-phase supply and described raw material is carried out electrothermal melting make synthetic mica; Electrothermal melting can be divided into three phases:
(a), the heating mixing raw material is a molten state; Dusty raw materials is added in the container gradually, and the raw materials melt that adds previously continues to add follow-up raw material after making container vacate the space again, all is full of the fused raw material in the chamber of entire container, reinforced stopping; In this stage, because the material in the container is more and more, and will make material all become molten state, therefore, corresponding current value raises gradually, and last current value is 1200 peaces; Magnitude of voltage is adjusted into 80～120 volts at last; This stage required time is according to the size of container and different;
(b), fused raw material insulation reaction; Electric current and voltage keep substantially constant in this stage; Soaking time was at 40～55 hours; The current value of holding stage is 1300～1600 peaces, and magnitude of voltage is 70～100 volts.
(c), cooling forms mica crystal; Reduce current value and magnitude of voltage gradually, make the material cooled and solidified in the container, D, outage, normal temperature cooling is down given birth to crystalline substance, and the temperature of the material in entire container all is reduced to envrionment temperature, makes synthetic mica.
E, synthetic mica is separated with container.
5, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the classification on several current values of described insulating process is carried out: be incubated for some time respectively at several high temperature, and then be raised to top temperature insulation, the soaking time sum of each section is corresponding with total soaking time, to divide progression can be 2～5 grades.Specifically: in being lower than a numerical range of lowest high-current value, set 2～5 current values in addition, constant for some time on these several current values, divide correspondences at different levels current value in 200～500 peaces of this numerical range that is lower than lowest high-current value below lowest high-current value.
6, method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described refrigerative speed is finished within 10～15 hours for each hour current value reduction by 100 peaces, and last current value is in 600 peaces, and magnitude of voltage is at 30～25 volts.
7, method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the temperature that crystal is deviate from container is not less than 45 degree of ingesting, and expansive cement is injected in punching on crystal sticks together then therein, treats that cement and expanded back crystal dissociates.
8, a kind of equipment for preparing synthetic mica as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: it comprises and is used for the housing that heat is melted the container of raw material and three-phase alternating-current supply is provided for container;
Described container is to form with fire-resistant brick system, is evenly equipped with some groups of heating electrode transverse slats, the perpendicular rod of heating and arc electrode rod at internal tank; The power end of this heating electrode transverse slat, the perpendicular rod of heating and arc electrode rod links to each other with the output terminal of the three-phase alternating-current supply of described housing respectively;
Described housing divides high pressure control cabinet and low-voltage power distributing cabinet;
Described high pressure control cabinet comprises high-tension switch cabinet and high-tension transformer case; One end of the three-phase high-voltage switch in the high-tension switch cabinet links to each other with high-voltage power supply, and the former limit of the high-tension transformer in the other end and the high-tension transformer case links to each other, and the secondary of high-tension transformer links to each other with low-voltage power distributing cabinet;
Described low-voltage power distributing cabinet comprises operation housing, thyristor voltage regulation cabinet, low frequency voltate regulator and big current conversion cabinet; The three-phase power input end of operation housing links to each other with the three-phase power output end of described high pressure control cabinet, and its three-phase power output end links to each other with the three-phase power input end of thyristor voltage regulation cabinet; The three-phase power output end of thyristor voltage regulation cabinet links to each other with the three-phase power input end of big current conversion cabinet by the low frequency voltate regulator, and the three-phase power output end of current conversion cabinet directly links to each other with electrode in the container greatly;
The main effect of described high pressure control cabinet is to utilize high-tension transformer the high pressure of 10000V to be reduced to the low pressure of 380V; The main effect of low-voltage power distributing cabinet is by the thyristor voltage regulation cabinet three-phase alternating voltage of 380V to be adjusted into the low pressure of 0～250V, and the adjustable voltage of 10～170V is provided for the heating electrode transverse slat in the container, the perpendicular rod of heating and arc electrode rod by the low frequency voltate regulator again; Big current conversion cabinet is adjusted into 0～2000A with 0～250V low-tension current of low frequency voltate regulator output.
9, device according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described big current conversion cabinet comprises three alternating current contactor 1C, 2C, 3C and start buttons, running button, stop button; Three main contactor point series connection of alternating current contactor 1C and alternating current contactor 2C constitute master loop, make and be loaded into described heating electrode transverse slat, the perpendicular rod of heating, the arc electrode three-phase supply on excellent and become " Y " type to connect: alternating current contactor 3C is connected in parallel on by the alternating current contactor 2C, and three main contactor points by alternating current contactor 3C make and are loaded into described heating electrode transverse slat, the perpendicular rod of heating, the arc electrode three-phase supply on excellent and become " Δ " type to connect;
The coil of described start button, stop button and alternating current contactor 1C, 2C, 3C constitutes control loop, makes alternating current contactor 1C, 2C and 3C replace adhesive, action.
10, according to Claim 8 or 9 described devices, it is characterized in that: described device also comprises the electric power compensation cabinet; The three-phase power input end of this electric power compensation cabinet links to each other with low pressure 380V AC power, and its three-phase power output end links to each other with the power input of described low-frequency transformer; It mainly comprises alternating current contactor 1C, 2C, three groups of inducers, three groups of electric capacity, start button, stop button; Three main contactor points of alternating current contactor 2C constitute the three-phase master loops, and three main contactor points of contactor 1C and three groups of inducers, three groups of capacitances in series are in parallel with three main contactor points of contactor 2C; The coil of start button, stop button and contactor 1C, 2C constitutes control loop, makes contactor 1C, 2C replace adhesive, action.
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| CN1305766C (en) * | 2005-06-01 | 2007-03-21 | 汕头保税区三宝光晶云母科技有限公司 | Method for fine grading synthesis mica powder by wet method |
| CN100335409C (en) * | 2005-06-01 | 2007-09-05 | 汕头保税区三宝光晶云母科技有限公司 | Mica powder and its preparation process |
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| CN102718229A (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2012-10-10 | 杨修直 | Synthesized mica crystal plate with high flexibility and high splitting performance as well as preparation method |
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| CN104818530A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-08-05 | 汕头保税区三宝光晶云母科技有限公司 | Crystal synthesis furnace and application thereof |
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| CN110117815A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-08-13 | 鲁米星特种玻璃科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method and device of artificial synthesized large scale fluorophologopite |
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Effective date of registration: 20160728 Address after: 115101 South Road, Dashiqiao Development Zone, Liaoning, China Patentee after: Liaoning Zhongke crystal industry Co.,Ltd. Address before: Yongan Zhen Dang Shi Village 115109 Liaoning city of Dashiqiao province (Technology Park) Liaoning branch crystal industry Co. Ltd. Patentee before: Sun Haiying |
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