CN1549604A - 视频信号编解码器的帧类型误判防止方法 - Google Patents

视频信号编解码器的帧类型误判防止方法 Download PDF

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CN1549604A
CN1549604A CNA031601111A CN03160111A CN1549604A CN 1549604 A CN1549604 A CN 1549604A CN A031601111 A CNA031601111 A CN A031601111A CN 03160111 A CN03160111 A CN 03160111A CN 1549604 A CN1549604 A CN 1549604A
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金民燮
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Inspur LG Digital Mobile Communications Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/85Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression
    • H04N19/89Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression involving methods or arrangements for detection of transmission errors at the decoder
    • H04N19/895Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression involving methods or arrangements for detection of transmission errors at the decoder in combination with error concealment
    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/103Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/169Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/17Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
    • H04N19/176Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/70Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/90Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using coding techniques not provided for in groups H04N19/10-H04N19/85, e.g. fractals
    • H04N19/91Entropy coding, e.g. variable length coding [VLC] or arithmetic coding

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种视频信号编解码器的帧类型误判防止方法,用以防止当接收到通过网络传输的视频信号并解码时,因传输错误而把图像帧的帧间型误判为帧内型,从而无法正确还原图像。本发明由如下两个过程实现,第1过程,针对帧间图像的首个宏块进行编码处理,使COD为“0”,为帧间型,CBPC为“11”;第2过程,分析帧内图像的首标并对MCBPC进行解码后,确认其结果,如果结果认定不是VLC表中的有效码,则确认是否为“0000 0001 10”,并根据该确认结果,跳入错误隐藏例行程序,或是把图像类型转换成帧间,进行帧间处理例行程序。

Description

视频信号编解码器的帧类型误判防止方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种防止视频编码器误判图像类型信息的技术,尤其是一种视频信号编解码器的帧类型误判防止方法,它能够防止当接收到通过网络传输的视频信号并解码时,因传输错误而把图像帧的帧间型误判为帧内型,从而无法正确还原图像。
背景技术
一般而言,接收到通过网络传输的视频信号时,由于信道错误或数据流失,常常发生不同于原来图像的乱码现象。在有线网中,由于数据的拥塞现象(congestion),会出现这种现象,在无线网中,由于容易发生本质性错误,也常常发生这种现象。
在视频信号编解码器(CODEC)中,图像被损坏意味着经过编码过程由图像数据制成的位串的内容已发生变更。在上述位串中,包含有关于图像的各种信息,其中也包括了一个表示相应帧是帧内型(intra type)或是帧间型(inter type)的图像首标的位。
一旦由于信道错误而导致上述位的内容发生变化,不同于原来内容,这将对图像解码带来严重的不良影响。这是因为帧内/帧间型的解码过程完全不同,如果以帧内方式对帧间数据进行解码,则图像无法正常还原。
尽管如此,以往的视频信号编解码器没有一种合适的对应技术,用以防止代表图像帧是帧内型还是帧间型的图像首标的位发生错误,于是经常发生帧间型的帧被误判为帧内型的帧,从而造成无法正常还原图像帧的问题。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的在于提供一种视频信号编解码器的帧类型误判防止方法,用以防止代表图像帧是帧内型还是帧间型的图像首标的位发生错误,把帧间型的图像帧误判为帧内型的帧。
本发明的视频信号编解码器的帧类型误判防止方法由如下两个过程构成:
第1过程,针对帧间图像的首个宏块实施位移估算及补偿,对经补偿的纹理信息进行编码处理,使COD为“0”,为帧间型,CBPC为“11”;
第2过程,分析帧内图像的首标并对MCBPC进行解码后,确认其结果,如果结果认定不是VLC表中的有效码,则确认是否为“0000 0001 10”,并根据该确认结果,跳入错误隐藏例行程序,或是把图像类型转换成帧间,进行帧间处理例行程序。
附图说明
图1的(a)是本发明的首个宏块的位串的格式图。
图1的(b)是误判为帧内图像并进行解码时的MCBPC格式图。
图2是关于帧间图像的MCBPC的变长度码表。
图3是关于帧内图像的MCBPC的变长度码表。
图4是应用本发明的编码器的整体信号流程图。
图5是图4中的首个宏块处理过程的信号流程图。
图6是解码器中的检错过程的信号流程图。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图1至附图6,详细说明本发明的帧类型误判防止处理过程。
解码器无法用位语法(bit syntax)来确认代表图像类型的位值是否变得不同于原来,比如从代表帧间型的值变为了代表帧内型的值。
这是因为即使代表上述图像类型的位值发生错误,该位的长度也被固定为1位,从形式上发现不了任何异常。
因此,本发明为了验证图像类型的有效性,对任意帧间的首个宏块(MB:macroblock)进行如下编码处理,使①COD(COD:Coded macroblock indication)为“0”,②MB类型为帧间型,③存在色度块的AC系数(coefficient)。这样一来,宏块层(layer)的首个位串则成为如图1中(a)所示的格式。(参照图2)
当发生错误,帧间型的帧被判定为帧内型的帧,并以帧内方式进行编码时,则按图1的(b)所示进行解码。
但如图3所示,MCBPC码是帧内的MCBPC码中不存在的无效码(invalid code)。因此,利用无效码,错误被检测到,如果这种情况发生在首个宏块,则说明帧间型的图像被转换成了帧内型的图像。
不过,本发明只考虑了图像首标信息被损坏的情况,对于其后的宏块层损坏的情况则不在应用对象之列。之所以预计这种情况会较多,是因为图像首标信息大部分是长度固定的代码,即使位的内容因信道错误而发生变化,位同步(bit synchronization)也不会损坏。本发明的适用范围是h.263标准,假定基线选项(baseline option)。
另一方面,图4是显示本发明的应用部位的编码器的整体信号流程图。即,在编码器中,仅针对帧间图像中的首个宏块应用本发明,下面参照图5说明其处理过程。
首先,针对帧间图像的首个宏块,以通常方法实施位移估算,必要时实施位移补偿。接着,对经补偿的纹理(texture)信息进行编码后,即决定了宏块的宏类型,此时被决定为无条件块间。(SB1-SB4)
即,计算COD的结果显示,全部6个块的AC系数均为“0”,所以即使COD是“1”,也将其强制转换成“0”,然后向Cr和Cb块的高频(high frequency)端分配较小值,使COD不为“1”
只有对上述高频波段分配小的系数(coefficient),才不会出现与实际的过多差异。计算CBPC的结果如果不是“11”,则减小高频的系数大小,插入到Cr、Cb块中。(SB5,SB6)
进行了如上处理过程后,首个宏块则会象本发明所提案的一样,COD为“0”,为帧间型,CBPC为“11”。
然后决定CBPY,对位移向量(MV)和纹理进行编码后结束。(SB7,SB8)
另一方面,为了检测图像类型的错误,解码器进行如图6所示的处理过程,对于帧间图像,直接利用原来的处理方法,只是对于帧内图像,才按本发明进行检错。
首先,分析帧内图像的首标,对MCBPC进行解码。(SC1,SC2)
确认上述MCBPC的解码结果,如果认定为是VLC表中的有效码,则按通常的方法对其余部分进行解码处理过程。(SC4,SC5)
但是,如果上述MCBPC的解码结果认定是无效码,则确认是否为“0000 0001 10”,如果认定不相同,那么它是无效码,不是通常包含于帧间的码。因此在这种情况下,不仅首标出错,由于MCBPC一端也发生了错误,在记录下出错事实后,跳入错误隐藏(concealment)例行程序。(SC6-SC8)
但是,上述MCBPC的解码结果如果是与“0000 0001 10”相同,即,认定为是无效码,同时码型又与原来插入帧间的类型相同,则判断为是由于某种原因,帧间被转变为帧内,于是把图像类型转换成帧间,进入帧间处理例行程序。(SC9,SC10)
如上述所作的详细说明,本发明是针对帧间的首个宏块进行编码处理,使COD为“0”,MB类型为帧间型,存在色度块的AC系数,因而具有这样一种效果,即能够防止当接收到通过网络传输的视频信号并解码时,因传输错误而把图像帧的帧间型误判为帧内型,从而无法正确还原图像。

Claims (4)

1.一种视频信号编解码器的帧类型误判防止方法,其特征是包括如下两个过程:第1过程,针对帧间图像的首个宏块进行编码处理,使COD为“0”,为帧间型,CBPC为“11”;第2过程,分析帧内图像的首标并对MCBPC进行解码后,确认其结果,如果结果认定不是VLC表中的有效码,则确认是否为“0000 0001 10”,并根据该确认结果,跳入错误隐藏例行程序,或是把图像类型转换成帧间,进行帧间处理例行程序。
2.根据权利要求1所述的视频信号编解码器的帧类型误判防止方法,其特征是第1过程由如下几个步骤构成:第1步骤,针对帧间图像的首个宏块实施位移估算及补偿后,对经补偿的纹理信息进行编码处理;第2步骤,计算COD后,如果COD为“1”,则强行转换成“0”,向Cr和Cb块的高频端分配较小值,使COD不为“1”;第3步骤,如果CBPC的计算结果不是“11”,则减小高频的系数大小,插入到Cr、Cb块中。
3.根据权利要求1所述的视频信号编解码器的帧类型误判防止方法,其特征是第2过程由如下几个步骤构成:第1步骤,分析帧内图像的首标,对MCBPC进行解码;第2步骤,确认上述MCBPC的解码结果是否为无效码;第3步骤,如果上述MCBPC的解码结果认定为是无效码,则确认是否为“0000 0001 10”,根据该确认结果,跳入错误隐藏例行程序,或把图像类型转换为帧间,进行帧间处理例行程序。
4.根据权利要求3所述的视频信号编解码器的帧类型误判防止方法,其特征是:
在第3步骤,如果MCBPC的解码结果是无效码,其位值是“00000001 10”,则把图像类型转换为帧间,然后进行帧间处理例行程序。
CNB031601111A 2003-05-07 2003-09-26 视频信号编解码器的帧类型误判防止方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1287602C (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102547300A (zh) * 2010-12-17 2012-07-04 华为技术有限公司 帧类型的检测方法和装置
CN101742329B (zh) * 2008-11-24 2013-02-13 北京中星微电子有限公司 一种图像编码方法及装置

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101742329B (zh) * 2008-11-24 2013-02-13 北京中星微电子有限公司 一种图像编码方法及装置
CN102547300A (zh) * 2010-12-17 2012-07-04 华为技术有限公司 帧类型的检测方法和装置
CN102547300B (zh) * 2010-12-17 2015-01-21 华为技术有限公司 帧类型的检测方法和装置
US9497459B2 (en) 2010-12-17 2016-11-15 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for detecting frame types

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