CN1542699A - GUI producing method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The graph user interface creating process includes the metadata model establishing step of determining metadata type and its corresponding relation to business data and interface elements based on business data, business data type and interface elements; the business data model establishing step of describing required specific business data with the metadata type to establishing business data model; and the step of creating graph user interface by means of the corresponding relation among the business data model, the metadata model and the interface elements. The corresponding graph user interface creating system includes the metadata model creating unit, the business data model creating unit and graph user interface creating unit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to computing machine, the relevant internet arena of communication in generation method and system, especially the generation method and system of the graphic user interface that in the website of internet, occurs of terminal display graphics with form web page.
Background technology
Along with popularizing rapidly of internet, with the internet be the Network such as ecommerce, E-Government of core or service also in continuous development, this makes that the status of website in enterprise commerce flow process and government's office workflow of internet is more and more important.By the website, business and government department not only can realize commercial matters information centered by ecommerce or E-Government and management and the exchange of government affairs information, can also issue quickly and easily important information separately.Therefore, the efficient of Web Hosting and management and standardization will directly affect take the internet carrying out of the Networks such as ecommerce as core, E-Government or service.
In the construction and management of website, Content Management is a very important part.A very important aspect of described Content Management is exactly an information collection, promptly the website staff typing is for information about and carry out management of information in the graphic user interface of website.In this interface, the various data input model corresponding service data of entry information and management information needs have been comprised.For inhomogeneous management information, news category information for example, the interface display content of its business datum correspondence just comprise title, author, content of information etc.; And for enterprise web site, on its graphic user interface that provides, the interface display content of the business datum correspondence that is comprised then may comprise title, price, introduction of product etc.Promptly for different industry fields, often there is very big difference in the interface display content of its business datum correspondence, therefore for the graphic user interface that most websites provide, be difficult to use a uniform data model to satisfy different clients' demand, the data model that promptly is difficult to provide with a unified subscriber administration interface is handled different business datums.
Therefore, in the generation method and system of present graphic user interface, at first determine the business datum and the data type thereof of inhomogeneous management information, carry out secondary development according to described business datum and data type thereof then, promptly carry out the customization of website according to user's actual demand, this stage comprises the channel of dividing the website according to user's business field, and carry out concrete business datum modeling and database design at different channels, the corresponding editor of the exploitation graphic user interface of management information of gathering and editing then.Because there is a secondary development stage in existing method, in this stage, need the developer who is familiar with very much system to carry out usually at the business datum that inhomogeneous management information comprised, and this process is more loaded down with trivial details often, complicated, makes mistakes extremely easily.
Therefore, the secondary development stage of existing method is reduced the formation efficiency of graphic user interface greatly, and has suitable complexity, very expensive consumption, and do not have versatility.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the present invention solves provides that a kind of versatility is better, efficient is higher and the generation method and system of the graphic user interface that complexity is lower.
For addressing the above problem, the generation method of graphic user interface of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1) metadata schema establishment step is determined metadata type according to business datum, traffic data type and interface element, and determines the corresponding relation of each metadata type and business datum and interface element;
2) business data model generates step, uses metadata type to describe required concrete business datum, generates the corresponding service data model;
3) graphic user interface generates step, by business data model and utilize metadata type and the corresponding relation of interface element, generation graphical user administration interface.
Correspondingly, the generation system of graphic user interface of the present invention comprises:
1) metadata schema comprises according to the determined metadata type of business datum, traffic data type and interface element, and the corresponding relation of each metadata type and business datum and interface element;
2) business data model comprises the concrete business datum of describing by metadata type;
3) graphic user interface generating apparatus is used for by business data model and utilizes metadata type and the corresponding relation of interface element, generates graphical user's administration interface.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1) eliminated user interface development work in the Content Management System implementation process.A large amount of manual configuration, development process become by the interface automatically carry out, reduced operation easier, improved the friendly interface of system.
2) pass through Human-Machine Interface Auto-Generating Technique, the secondary development personnel just needn't be for the concrete business data model exploitation administration interface of gathering and editing, only need to use metadata type definition business data model, just can produce automatically user meeting, fundamentally eliminate the work of user interface customization, exploitation.
3) significantly reduce the workload of secondary development, improved work efficiency, reduced implementation cost.
Owing to eliminated the work of user interface customization, exploitation, so greatly subdued the workload of secondary development, reduced technical difficulty, so just reduced the cost of System Implementation, improved profit margin.
4) reduced the difficulty of system maintenance, the reduction cost.
In the situation of not using present technique, in case user interface need to be done little adjustment, just must be participated in by the secondary development personnel, this has just increased the difficulty of system maintenance.But after having used Human-Machine Interface Auto-Generating Technique, the work of adjusting the interface just becomes very simple, and the user can adjust the interface element of user interface at any time.Like this, just needn't be participated in by the secondary development personnel, only need to carry out simple training to the client, just can carry out system maintenance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 graphic user interface generation system of the present invention mapping relations synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 layout manager one embodiment synoptic diagram of the present invention.
The interface of Fig. 3 one embodiment of the invention generates synoptic diagram
Fig. 4 is that user of the present invention uses process flow diagram
Embodiment
Please refer to shown in Figure 1, be that graphic user interface generation system mapping relations synoptic diagram of the present invention also is a basic thought of the present invention, promptly realize from business data model 2 to subscriber administration interface 3 mapping, finally generate graphical user's administration interface 3 by the mode of setting up data model mapping.Wherein can be by the display layout at layout manager (hereinafter will describe in detail) control interface.
When the user uses, only need to carry out the design of business data model 2, and select a kind of suitable interface layout style, system can realize automatically from business data model 2 to subscriber administration interface 3 mapping, automatically generates actual available information collection subscriber administration interface 3.Wherein, business data model 2 adopts database table (such as the table 21 among Fig. 1,22) storage.
Graphic user interface generation system of the present invention comprises
1) metadata schema 1, comprise according to the determined metadata type of business datum, traffic data type and interface element, and the corresponding relation of each metadata type and business datum and interface element;
2) business data model 2, comprise the concrete business datum of describing by metadata type;
3) graphic user interface generating apparatus (not shown) is used for by business data model 2 and utilizes metadata type and the corresponding relation of interface element, generates graphical user's administration interface 3.
As shown in Figure 1, in the web site contents management system of reality, can be as required for each channel define one or more business data models 2 (as, the metadata submodel 11 corresponding subscriber administration interfaces 31 that are mapped to, table 21, the then corresponding subscriber administration interface 32 that is mapped to of metadata submodel 12, table 22), system can automatically generate the information collection administration interface 3 of channel according to this metadata schema 1, and generate corresponding background data base list structure (as the table 21 among Fig. 1,22), simultaneously, when the user carried out maintenance of information, system can automatically be transformed into the processing request that the user submits in the operation of database.
Correspondingly, graphical user interface creating method of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1) metadata schema 1 establishment step is determined metadata type according to business datum, traffic data type and interface element, and determines the corresponding relation of each metadata type and business datum and interface element;
2) business data model 2 generates step, uses metadata type to describe required concrete business datum, generates corresponding service data model 2;
3) graphic user interface generates step, by business data model 2 and utilize metadata type and the corresponding relation of interface element, generation graphical user administration interface 3.
Metadata schema is set up:
At first, should (can conclude) according to actual needs and extract the satisfactory metadata type of a cover, make these types should be able to describe the business datum of application fully demand analysis.
Then, define the corresponding relation of each metadata type and business datum and user interface element.At the web site contents management system, then be the corresponding relation of definition metadata type and HTML interface displayed element.
After finishing this two step, one can define business data model by metadata type, and the blank that automatically generates the system of user interface has just formed.
The conclusion of metadata type:
Under normal conditions, Content Management System all uses relational database storage service data, therefore business data model can adopt database table to store usually, element in the business data model 2 then corresponding the field in the tables of data, therefore, the data type of the element in the business data model 2 just corresponding the data type in the database, as " numeric type ", " character type " etc.; And in subscriber administration interface 3, the element of describing the interface then is the interface element at interface, as " static text ", " text input frame ", " file selection box " etc.
Interface element in description business data model 2 that can be unified and the subscriber administration interface 3 takes out a uniform data model---metadata schema 1 from the two.By the metadata type in the metadata schema 1, realization mapping of 3 from business data model 2 to subscriber administration interface, being metadata schema 1 traffic data type in the database in business data model 2 one end correspondences, at the subscriber administration interface 3 one ends interface element of respective user administration interface 3 then.In this way, just can describe by metadata type the business datum of website, thereby dynamically generate corresponding subscriber administration interface 3 according to metadata schema 1.
Consider the difference in different application field, needed metadata type may there are differences.Metadata type can realize the mapping of data model to subscriber administration interface except wanting, also want to contain the business data model of concrete application, at Content Management System, then be meant the interface element that satisfies different needs that can the content management system be comprised, even promptly with a kind of interface element of Show Styles, in order to satisfy different needs, also (for example may be mapped as different metadata type, be input frame equally, the input frame of input value type data and the input frame of input text content, just need be mapped as different metadata type, this is because value type and text be corresponding different storage class in the database of bottom).
Table 1 has provided the example of a metadata schema that Content Management System adopts:
Table 1: metadata schema table
Table 1 provides the basic definition of metadata type, from table 1, can see, the interface element of subscriber administration interface 3 and the mapping between the traffic data type have been realized by metadata type, and this mapping relations can expand, and can expand metadata type according to different service needed.When traffic data type increases, expand described metadata type, to set up the corresponding relation of new metadata type and business datum and interface element.
In addition, the metadata type interface element corresponding, some basic information have just been defined, as which kind of interface element (in practical application, interface element can occur with the form of control), the not detailed attributes of definition interfaces element, as color (color), style (style), font (font) etc., these attributes can show, and for user's configuration, provide the diversity of look ﹠ feel to greatest extent.
The foundation of metadata schema 1 can be as required in different ways, provides one below and set up metadata schema 1 example with XML:
＜xml version=" 1.0 " encoding=" UTF-8 "＞＜meta_def version=" 1.0 "＞＜meta_list＞＜meta name=" SERIAL_NO " desc=" unique identifier "＞＜style＞＜input name=" " type=" hidden " value=" "/＞＜/style＞＜/meta＞＜meta name=" STRUCT ID " desc=" program logo symbol "＞＜stye＞＜style＞＜select name=" "＞＜option value=" "/＞＜/select＞＜/style＞＜/style＞＜/meta＞＜meta name=" INPUT TEXT " desc=" text input "＞＜style＞＜input name=" " type=" text " value=" "/＜!--SIPO＜DP n="8"〉--〉＜dp n="d8"/〉＜/style＞＜/meta＞＜meta name＝"INPUT_NUM"desc＝""＞＜style＞＜input name＝""type＝"text"value＝""/＞＜/style＞＜/meta＞＜meta name＝"FILE_CHOOSER"desc＝""＞＜style＞＜input name＝""type＝"file"value＝""/＞＜/style＞＜/meta〉＜meta name＝"INPUT_DATE" desc＝""＞＜style＞＜input name＝""type＝"text"value＝""/＞＜/style＞＜/meta＞＜meta name＝"COMBO_TEXT" desc＝"""＞＜style＞＜select name＝""＞＜option value＝""/＞＜/select＞＜/style＞＜/meta〉＜meta name＝"COMBO_NUM"desc＝""＞＜style＞＜select name＝""＞＜option value＝""/＞＜/select＞＜/style＞＜/meta＞＜meta name＝"LIST_TEXT"desc＝""＞＜style＞＜select name＝""size＝""＞＜option value＝""/＞＜/select＞＜/style＞＜/meta＞＜meta name＝"LIST_NUM"desc＝""＞＜style＞＜select name＝""size＝""＞＜option value＝""/＞＜/select＞＜/style＞＜!--SIPO＜DP n=" 9 "〉--〉＜dp n=" d9 "/＜/meta＞＜meta name=" INPUT_TEXTAREA " desc=" text filed input frame "＞＜style＞＜textarea name=" "＞＜/textarea＞＜/style＞＜/meta＞＜/meta_list＞＜/meta_def＞
The foundation of the metadata schema 1 that provides from above can be found out, different metadata type may corresponding identical interface element (as, LIST_TEXT and LIST_NUM list box in corresponding the interface element all in the metadata type), this is to unite for the data format that will show data and underlying database (being used for storage service data model 2), thereby guarantees that carrying out the data storage be the problem that can not produce conflict.
In the metadata type definition, the Show Styles of the page (part that comprises in " style " element) has only defined the control code of data storage, interface displayed element, and definition is not such as display styles such as color, fonts, and this part user can oneself adjust as required.
In addition, in the superincumbent metadata type definition, just listed the corresponding relation of metadata type and subscriber administration interface median surface element, do not provide the corresponding relation of metadata type and data storage type, this be because, different data storage layers exists bigger difference, for example adopting under the situation of relational database as data storage layer, the data type difference that different databases provides is very big, therefore, at data storage layer, need the corresponding different different metadata type corresponding relations of type of database definition, according to corresponding relation, the business data model of just can metadata type describing generates database structure.
Create business data model
Business data model 2 adopts the database table storage, and traffic data type 2 is corresponding with the data type in the database.
After setting up metadata schema 1, just can use metadata type to describe particularly business datum, this work should be done by the people that business is known quite well.Using metadata type to describe required business datum, just generated metadata schema 1 corresponding service data model 2.Producer's data model 2 comprises all data messages, utilize simultaneously metadata type in the metadata schema 1 also corresponding interface element in the subscriber administration interface 3.Like this, just can generate subscriber administration interface 3 by the business data model 2 that generates according to metadata schema 1, each data element all can be assigned with a unique sign in business data model 2, by this unique identification can be in user interface unique determine an interface element, so just the data of user's submission can be saved in the database on backstage accordingly.In the present embodiment, this unique identification correspondence the title of user interface median surface element, corresponds in the WEB exploitation, and just the title of control in a Form, has guaranteed the uniqueness of interface element by this unique identification.
In the web site contents management system, the granularity size of business data model 2 can be set as required, for example, for a less website, channel just can corresponding business data model 2, and for the bigger website of scale, business data model just refine to the column one-level possibly.Provided a example below, also adopted the form of XML here at the business data model of channel:
＜xml version=" 1.0 " encoding=" UTF-8 "＞＜model_def version=" 1.0 "＞＜col_list＞＜column default=" true " " desc=" " unique identifier " hidden=" true " meta_name=" SERIAL_NO " name=" id "/＞＜column default=" true " desc=" site identifier " hidden=" true " meta_name=" STRUCT_ID " name=" site_id "/＞＜column default=" true " desc=" channel identifier " hidden=" true " meta_name=" STRUCT_ID " name=" channel_id "/＞＜column default=" true " desc=" one-level program logo symbol " hidden=" false "＜!--SIPO＜DP n="11"〉--〉＜dp n="d11"/〉 meta_name＝"STRUCT_ID"name＝"column_id1"/＞＜column default＝"true"desc＝""hidden＝"false" meta_name＝"COMBO_NUM"name＝"importance"＞＜item name＝""value＝"0"/＞＜item name＝""value＝"1"/＞＜item name＝""value＝"2"/＞＜item name＝""value＝"3"/＞＜/column＞＜column default＝"true"desc＝""hidden＝"false" meta_name＝"INPUT_TEXT"name＝"author"/＞＜column default＝"true"desc＝""hidden＝"false" meta_name＝"INPUT_TEXT"name＝"title"/＞＜column default＝"true"desc＝""hidden＝"false" meta_name＝"INPUT_TEXTAREA"name＝"contents"/＞＜column default＝"true"desc＝""hidden＝"false" meta_name＝"INPUT_DATE"name＝"up_date"required＝"true"/＞＜column default＝"true"desc＝""hidden＝"true" meta_name＝"SHORT_TEXT"name＝"publisher"/＞＜column default＝"true"desc＝""hidden＝"false" meta_name＝"COMBO_TEXT"name＝"news_source"＞＜item name＝""value＝""/＞＜item name＝""value＝""/＞＜item name＝""value＝""/＞＜/column＞＜/model_def＞
In business data model 2 defined files that provide in the above, each column element correspondence a record in the business data model 2, an interface element in equally also corresponding the subscriber administration interface 3.Name attribute correspondence among the column the name attribute of list element in the subscriber administration interface, the field name in simultaneously also corresponding the database table, therefore, in the present embodiment, in the business data model 2, the name attribute can not repeat, and can determine a record uniquely by the name attribute.Therefore, in subscriber administration interface, also can identify uniquely an interface element by this name attribute, and the data after can submitting to by this attribute acquisition user, to process accordingly.Certainly, this unique identification also can not adopt the name attribute, and the forms such as use numerical value ID identify.
Create layout manager, be used for graphic user interface is carried out the control of style and layout.
Professional needed all data have been comprised in the business data model 2, if but just sequentially generate user interface according to these data, user interface just may be that some interface elements are piled up together according to sequencing is rambling so, the user interface of Sheng Chenging like this, be difficult to make customer satisfaction system.Therefore, in order to generate user interface clean and tidy, orderly, attractive in appearance, in graphic user interface generating apparatus (not shown), added layout manager, by the style layout at layout manager control interface.The effect of layout manager is according to the rule that something is appointed earlier interface element to be carried out coherent layout, thereby makes the interface of generation clean and tidy, attractive in appearance.
According to the difference of realization mechanism, layout manager can be divided into two classes:
1) no masterplate layout manager
Masterplate by layout manager control, is not used fully in the position that no masterplate layout device is meant interface element.Layout manager is according to the automatic display position of arranging data element of certain principle (such as the size of appearance order or interface element etc.).
2) the masterplate layout manager is arranged
The masterplate that has the masterplate layout manager to be meant that the display position of interface element is provided according to the user by layout manager is provided with.The user can be divided into masterplate several viewing areas, and the data element in the business data model is assigned in the different data areas, and layout manager just can generate display interface according to user's design.With regard to implementation, masterplate can directly adopt html language to write, and in the viewing area part of setting, uses special mark to replace (in native system, that uses is labeled as “ ${DisplayAreaname=" * * * " } $ ", the title of name attribute appointed area).
Two kinds of top layout managers can combine use, can in being arranged, use the masterplate layout manager layout manager of no masterplate, that is to say, after some data elements are assigned to a viewing area, can specify the layout manager of a no masterplate again to them, further their Show Styles of configuration, by such mode, chain of command style more effectively.In addition, only using in the situation of no masterplate layout manager, system can use a default masterplate to generate fixing reveal codes automatically.
Following table has provided several layout managers commonly used:
Table 2: layout manager
| The title of layout manager | Action Specification |
| Sequential placement's manager | Arranged in order interface element according to data element appearance in the metadata schema, promptly the element that at first occurs appears at the front of user interface, and what then occur then comes the back successively.Sequential placement's manager requires the user to add data element according to the order of expectation |
| The classification layout manager | Size according to the shared zone of data element interface element corresponding in the metadata schema is carried out packet sequencing, as according to ascending order interface element being sorted. |
| The template layout manager | This layout manager is based on template, be that the user must at first define a page layout template, in layout templates page area is divided, the user can be assigned to different data elements in the different viewing areas as required. |
Create the layout manager implementation step
Before carrying out the layout manager configuration, must at first finish the modeling of business data model 2.For the layout manager of no masterplate, its layoutprocedure is very simple, only need to select a layout manager to get final product from freelist.Therefore, provide an example that uses the masterplate layout manager here:
1) layout masterplate
Design a page layout masterplate as required, what masterplate adopted in the present embodiment is the form of HTML.After designing the style of HTML, the part that wherein is set to the viewing area is replaced with mark, its effect is as shown in Figure 2.
Wherein, this masterplate is set up two viewing areas, and a name is called " area1 ", and another is " area2 ".
2) data element of distribution services data model 2 in the viewing area
This step is assigned to the data element in the business data model 2 in the viewing area of expectation as required, for simplicity, body is put in " aera2 " zone, and remaining all is put in " area1 " zone.In addition, also can set as required the layout manager of a no masterplate for the viewing area, in the default situation, system can use sequential placement's manager.Here, use default layout manager.
Through top this two step, the configuration of layout manager has just been finished, and for the masterplate that provides above, the interface of generation as shown in Figure 3.Wherein, nethermost submit of Fig. 3 and cancel button are generated automatically by system.
Please in conjunction with reference Fig. 4, the user uses flow process as follows:
1) execution in step 401, enter the channel information administration page of gathering and editing
2) execution in step 402, read business data model 2
Metadata schema 1 is set up in advance, and satisfying under the related service data cases, reuses, and namely is not all will set up metadata schema 1 when needing the generation user management page at every turn.
Analyze wherein each data element, and obtain corresponding metadata type, and corresponding corresponding relation and attribute.
3) execution in step 403, create corresponding layout manager
This step at first will obtain the layout manager of metadata schema correspondence, if the layout manager of masterplate is arranged, obtains masterplate, if there is not the layout manager of masterplate, then uses default masterplate.
4) execution in step 404, arrange the interface layout of interface element
In this step, according to layout manager, data element is filled in the masterplate.
5) execution in step 405, output immobile interface element
In this step, fill some fixing interface elements in the masterplate, such as submit button etc.The logical code that also can add handling process simultaneously.
6) execution in step 406, finish whole interface and demonstration
In sum, the present invention solves a kind of very effective scheme of business data model to the subscriber administration interface mapping, by the present invention, simplified the work of user interface development, it is not only and is used for Content Management System, and is applicable in the user-interface design of management information system (MIS), reporting system etc.
Use the present invention, the secondary development personnel just needn't be for the concrete business data model exploitation administration interface of gathering and editing, only need to use metadata type definition business data model, just can produce automatically user's meeting, fundamentally eliminated the work of user interface customization, exploitation, and improve the formation efficiency of graphic user interface, reduce complexity and cost, reduce the workload in secondary development stage.
Claims (11)
1. a graphical user interface creating method is characterized in that, this method comprises:
1) metadata schema establishment step is determined metadata type according to business datum, traffic data type and interface element, and determines the corresponding relation of each metadata type and business datum and interface element;
2) business data model generates step, uses metadata type to describe required concrete business datum, generates the corresponding service data model;
3) graphic user interface generates step, by business data model and utilize metadata type and the corresponding relation of interface element, generation graphical user administration interface.
2. graphical user interface creating method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that step 2) in, database table storage service data model adopted, and traffic data type is corresponding with the data type in the database.
3. graphical user interface creating method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described method also comprises: when traffic data type increases, expand described metadata type, to set up the corresponding relation of new metadata type and business datum and interface element.
4. graphical user interface creating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described method also comprises: step 2), distribute a unique identification to give each data element, and determine a unique interface element by this unique identification in user interface.
5. as claim 1,2,3 or 4 described graphical user interface creating methods, it is characterized in that described method also comprises: create layout manager, be used for graphic user interface is carried out the control of style and layout.
6. graphical user interface creating method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, creates layout manager and comprises:
Sequential placement's manager is arranged interface element according to the sequence ground that data element in the business data model occurs;
The size layout manager carries out packet sequencing according to the size in the shared zone of data element interface element corresponding in the business data model;
The template layout manager is divided interface zone in layout templates, and as required different data elements is assigned in the corresponding viewing area.
7. a graphic user interface generation system is characterized in that, this system comprises:
1) metadata schema comprises according to the determined metadata type of business datum, traffic data type and interface element, and the corresponding relation of each metadata type and business datum and interface element;
2) business data model comprises the concrete business datum of describing by metadata type;
3) graphic user interface generating apparatus is used for by business data model and utilizes metadata type and the corresponding relation of interface element, generates graphical user's administration interface.
8. graphic user interface generation system as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, business data model adopts the database table storage, and traffic data type is corresponding with the data type in the database.
9. graphic user interface generation system as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described system each data element in business data model distributes a unique identification, determines a unique interface element by this unique identification in user interface.
10. graphic user interface generation system as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that this system also comprises layout manager, is used for graphic user interface is carried out the control of style and layout.
11. graphic user interface generation system as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, this layout manager comprises:
Sequential placement's manager is arranged interface element according to the sequence ground that data element in the business data model occurs;
The size layout manager carries out packet sequencing according to the size in the shared zone of data element interface element corresponding in the business data model;
The template layout manager is divided interface zone in layout templates, and as required different data elements is assigned in the corresponding viewing area.
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