CN1537248A - Lenticular lens array and tool for making lenticular lens array - Google Patents

Abstract

A lenticular lens array (400) for creating a visual effect for an image view ed through the lenticular lens array comprises a plurality of lenticules (402, 404, 406) (402a, 404a, 406a) disposed adjacent to each other. Each lenticule comprises a lenticular lens element on one side and a substantially flat surface (407) on an opposite side. Each lenticular lens element has a vertex and a cross section comprising a portion of an elliptical shape (408). Alternatively, the cross section can comprise a major axis disposed substantially perpendicular to the substantially flat surface of each respective lenticular lens element. The vertex of each respective lenticular lens element lies substantially along the major axis of the elliptical shape .

Description

Lenticular lens array and make the instrument that a lenticular lens array is used

Right of priority and relevant application

The application requires the right of priority of following application: U.S.Provisional PatentApplication Serial Number 60/297,148, entitled " Lenticular LensArray Optimization for Printed Display, " filed Jane 8,2001.Whole disclosures of above-mentioned priority application are introduced for reference herein.

The field of the invention

Lenticular lens array of relate generally to of the present invention is used to produce from visual effect that intersect or images interlaced.More particularly, the present invention relates to a lenticular lens array, wherein each lens element on the array xsect comprises an ellipse.The invention still further relates to a kind of instrument and a kind of method that this lenticular lens array is used that produce.

Background of the present invention

A biconvex lens can produce the vision animation effect of that be used to intersect or staggered (claiming " interlocking " hereinafter) printed images.It is the printing of so-called no stencilization art that these images can use non-Impact Printing art, is the printing of so-called stencilization art by common printing process perhaps.Typically, a biconvex lens purposes comprises two main parts: an extruding, biconvex lens casting or the plastics of mold pressing and staggered printed images.The front of biconvex lens comprises a plurality of biconvex lens, is arranged as the array of a rule, has cylindrical lens elements, advances in parallel with each other.The back of biconvex lens is smooth and smooth.Images interlaced is to be printed on the smooth and smooth back side of biconvex lens.The exemplary method of printed images comprises common printing process, such as silk screen process, and typographic printing, flexographic printing, offset lithographic and photogravure; And non-Impact Printing method, such as electrophotography, be illustrated as the picture art, magnetic force imaging art, inkjet printing art, thermal imaging art and photography.Any above-mentioned printing technology can be used in or individual supply, and perhaps the coiled material band is supplied with form.

Images interlaced is that the observer observes individually according to its angle of observing by lenticular lens element.In first viewing angle, first image occurs by lenticular lens element.When biconvex lens rotated, first picture drop-out and another image occurred by lenticular lens element.Observe two images by lenticular lens element and can produce mobile mirage phantom, the degree of depth and other visual effect.A biconvex lens can produce these mirage phantom that produce by different visual effects.For example, visual effect can comprise three-dimensional (3-D) animation or move, reversing, distortion, zoom or their combination.

For 3-D effect, most layers of different vision elements are staggered in together to produce three-dimensional mirage phantom, distance and the degree of depth.For example, when background object became image with foreground object, it was revealed as projection when observing by the aclinal piece of scenery of a straight front.For animation imaging or mobile effect, the photo of a plurality of orders can produce the mirage phantom of animated image.When the viewing angle of lens changed, an observer observed a plurality of photos.The animation imaging is to show that machinery moves, object of which movement or use in act on during product.

For the visual effect of reversing.When the angle of observing changes, upset before and after two or more images.The reversing effect can show sight preceding and back and cause and effect.It can also show macaronic information, such as turning to Spanish by English.

For the visual effect of being out of shape, when the viewing angle of biconvex lens changed, two or more uncorrelated images little by little transmitted, perhaps distortion each other.At last, for Zoom effect, when the viewing angle of biconvex lens changed, an object moved to prospect by background.This object also can move to the another side by a side, is form by top to bottom but usually work preferably.

Fig. 1 illustrates the drawing in side sectional elevation of a part of a common lenticular lens array 100.Array 100 comprises biconvex lens 102,104,106.Each biconvex lens 102,104,106 has a columniform lens element 102a, 104a, 106a respectively.Each lens element 102a, 104a, 106a work with focused ray on a rear surface 107 of array 100.When 100 work of common array, a plurality of images can be printed on the rear surface 107.An observer can be by the rotation scioptics element 102a of array 100, and 104a, 106a observe image individually.

The special feature of each biconvex lens 102,104,106 will be illustrated referring to exemplary biconvex lens 104.Each lens element 102a, the xsect that it is the circle of R that 104a, 106a have a radius.The circle 108 of the hope that it is R that circular xsect is equivalent to have a radius.Lens element 104a has a part of circular 108.Biconvex lens 104 also has by the summit of lens element 104a to the rear surface 107 of array 100 one apart from t.Lens element 104a has a lens depth of engagement d, and it engages adjacent lenses element 102a, 106a herein.At last, the material of formation lens arra 100 has been determined the refractive index N of array 100.

Apart from t, the relation between radius R and the refractive index N is provided by following formula:

$\left(1\right)-----t=\frac{\mathrm{RN}}{N-1}$

As shown in Equation (1), thickness t and radius R are the functions of refractive index N, and it is the function of the wavelength of light.Therefore, lenticular lens element can provide the wavelength of best all round properties to a certain wavelengths optimization according to the purposes for hope.

The systematicness of array 100 can limit by the interval between the adjacent lenses element summit or apart from S.For common cylindrical lenticular lens array 100, each lens element 102a, 104a, the interval of the maximum between the summit of 106a is provided by following formula:

(2) the Smax=2R biconvex lens pitch P can be defined as the number of the biconvex lens of per unit length (1pu).For example, long measure can comprise 1 inch (in) or 1 millimeter (mm).For common cylindrical lenticular lens array 100, minimum pitch is provided by following formula:

$\left(3\right)----P\min =\frac{1}{2R}\left[1\mathrm{pu}\right]$

Fig. 2 illustrates a beam trajectory, and some problems relevant with a common lenticular lens array 100 are described.Usually, array 100 by light by the rear surface 107 scioptics element 102a that advances, 104a, 106a to observer's work.Reciprocity allows to observe on the contrary opticpath, as shown in Figure 2.It is desirable to the light L on the axis ₁The scioptics element 104a that advances, and focus on a common point 202 on the rear surface 107 of array 100.Yet the xsect of the circle of lens element 104a produces an image projected, has ball-shaped aberration.For example, light L ₁Be that a large tracts of land 204 that strides across rear surface 107 is throwed.Big projected area resolution limiting and can be on rear surface 107 number of observed images interlaced.

In addition, the light L of off-axis ₂Scioptics element 104a and focus on the points of proximity 203 on the rear surface 107 advances.Yet the xsect of the circle of lens element 104a produces comet aberration and an astigmatic image error 208.At last, Fig. 2 the depth d of lens surface is shown may be at the joint of adjacent lenses radius near circular cross section.Therefore, light L ₂Part stopped by lens element 106a, and may change direction to wrong position 206.

Fig. 3 illustrates the projection of light beam, and another problem relevant with common biconvex lens is described.Light beam shown in Fig. 3 is that the different Printing Zone by common lenticular lens array 100 is projected to an observer.As shown in the figure, 302 light beam is not reasonably to join with the round angular area of lens in the center.

Moreover the typography of common individual supply of biconvex lens has been used in and has produced the sales promotion print advertisements spare that is printed on the lenticular lens array.For example, the advertisement part comprises the limited volume of the lenticular lens material design of thicker specification, shows punctuate, post cards, Congratulation card, phonecard, business card, credit card and similar card such as care label, buying as protruding button, sign, clothes.The biconvex lens print product of thicker specification is to be printed on the columniform lenticular lens material, thickness with standard, for example, the thickness of standard comprises 0.12mil (mil), 0.016mil, 0.018mil and generally can receive to the printing quality of 0.0900mil. on thicker lens because pitch of biconvex lens more coarse (less than biconvex lens) and printing process can be placed the pixel of more printing in the scope of biconvex lens band.Moreover the material of lenticular lens material relatively thinner specification in thicker scope is optically more tolerant.

Recently, the extruding merchant of biconvex lens, the casting/mold pressing of biconvex lens and printing manufacturer have tested and have used above-mentioned public cylindrical lens elements to reduce the thickness of total lenticular lens material.Yet when the thickness of lenticular lens array reduced, the quality of printing stood significant aberration.Because thickness reduces, pitch must increase so that the biconvex lens of more per unit length to be provided, thereby has reduced the interval between the biconvex lens.When with the design of thicker lenticular lens material relatively the time, thin shape does not allow to use the image of the pixel of many like that printings.The quality of the visual effect of the printing when therefore, using than thin material reduces.

Another problem relevant with thicker lenticular lens material is the packaging industry that thicker material can not be used in most consumer.The generation of this problem is because 0.012mil and thicker thicker material can not be used in the package shape of correctly handling columniform or truncated cone shape, does not produce the delamination that the stretching owing to the memory of plastics causes.Even the bonding agent of a brute force is used in bonding thicker biconvex lens spare to the unit of packing, the problem relevant with delamination still can produce after a period of time, and this is because the stretching of the memory expanded material of the plastics continuation of plastic material during to the production shape of stretching of its nature.

Thicker lenticular lens material also stands the problem in the label use.The blowing down or slide formula packaging label equipment and can not use thicker lenticular lens material of the printed label of animation imaging, this is because the generation of the memory of above-mentioned plastics.The memory of plastics causes the die-cut label of thicker biconvex lens just to rise the coiled material that leaves the biconvex lens label before use.

Therefore, in technology, there are a kind of needs, are used for a lenticular lens array, can provide one to focus on or the resolution better pictures by relaxing the ball-shaped aberration relevant with common array.In technology, also there are a kind of needs, are used to make the tool and method of this lenticular lens array.In addition, have a kind of needs in technology, be used to have the lenticular lens array of a lenticular lens element, it is configured as relaxes the ball-shaped aberration relevant with common biconvex lens mirror element.In technology, also there are a kind of needs, are used to have a lenticular lens array of thin structure, with the generation of the memory that relaxes the plastics relevant with thicker common array.

General introduction of the present invention

The present invention can provide a lenticular lens array, and it can optimize the typographical display quality of animation/3-D view, is used for a large amount of productions.The present invention can provide a lenticular lens array, and it can relax the ball-shaped aberration that is typically produced by common array.For example, the present invention can provide a lenticular lens array, and it can produce a basic axial image that focuses on, and the image that can improve off-axis.In addition, the present invention can provide a lenticular lens array, and it has a lens depth of engagement that reduces, and it can relax adjacent lenses stopping off-axis light.

The biconvex lens that comprises a plurality of settings adjacent one another are according to lenticular lens array of the present invention.Each biconvex lens can have a lenticular lens element on the one side with the surface of a substantially flat on its relative side.Each lenticular lens element can have a summit and an xsect that comprises an oval part.The scheme that replaces is that xsect can comprise an oval-shaped approximate part.Ellipse can comprise a long axis, is set to be basically perpendicular to the surface of the substantially flat of each respective lenticular lens element.The summit of each respective lenticular lens can be substantially along oval-shaped long axis setting.

These and other aspect of the present invention, purpose and characteristics will be by following one exemplary embodiment detailed explanation and reading in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and clearly expressing.

Brief description of drawings

Fig. 1 illustrates the drawing in side sectional elevation of the part of a common lenticular lens array.

Fig. 2 illustrates the track of a light beam, and the problem relevant with common lenticular lens array is described.

Fig. 3 illustrates the track of a light beam, illustrates and another relevant problem of common lenticular lens array.

Fig. 4 illustrates the drawing in side sectional elevation according to the part of a lenticular lens array of the present invention.

Fig. 5 illustrates the track of a light beam, and the optical characteristics according to a lenticular lens array of an one exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described.

Fig. 6 illustrates a light beam projection, and the additional optical signature according to an one exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described.

Fig. 7 illustrates the drawing in side sectional elevation according to the part of a lenticular lens array of the one exemplary embodiment of a replacement of the present invention.

Fig. 8 A illustrates the drawing in side sectional elevation according to a cylindrical bar of an one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, is used to produce an instrument, is used to form oval-shaped lens element.

Fig. 8 B illustrates the front view according to the instrument of the oval-shaped lens element of formation of an one exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 illustrates the drawing in side sectional elevation near a pseudo-ellipse shape biconvex lens of an oval lens element of a lenticular lens array according to an one exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 10 illustrates a pseudo-ellipse shape instrument according to an one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, is used to produce the lenticular lens element of a pseudo-ellipse shape.

The detailed description of one exemplary embodiment

The present invention can reduce the ball-shaped aberration relevant with common lenticular lens array, and its method provides a lenticular lens array with an oval cross section shape.Oval-shaped shape of cross section can provide the sharpness that focuses on and can increase off-axis light clearly of the light on axis.The character shape of oval-shaped xsect can be determined according to a specific purposes.Many parameters can influence oval in shape.For example, these parameters comprise the refractive index N of array material, by the thickness t of summit to the rear surface of array of each lens element, the depth of engagement d of the lens of adjacent lenses joint and other parameter.The lens element of a pseudo-ellipse shape also can provide a lenticular lens array with the ball-shaped aberration that reduces.

Fig. 4 illustrates the drawing in side sectional elevation according to a part of a lenticular lens array 400 of an one exemplary embodiment of the present invention.Array 400 comprises biconvex lens 402,404,406.Each biconvex lens 402,404,406 has an oval- shaped lens element 402a, 404a, 406a respectively.Each lens element 402a, 404a, 406a work with focused ray on a rear surface 407 of array 400.When array 400 work, a plurality of images can be printed on the rear surface 407 of array 400.

An observer can observe scioptics element 402a, 404a, the image of 406a individually by rotating array 400.

The special feature of each biconvex lens 402,404,406 will be illustrated referring to exemplary biconvex lens 404.Each lens element 402a, 404a, 406a have an oval-shaped xsect, are equivalent to the part of the ellipse 408 of a hope.Lens element 404a comprises a part of oval 408.On the summit of lens element 404a, oval 408 have a radius R.Biconvex lens 404 also has by the summit of lens element 404a to the rear surface 407 of array 400 one apart from t.Lens element 404a has a lens depth of engagement d, and it engages adjacent lenses element 402a, 406a herein.The material that forms array 400 has been determined the refractive index N of array 400.Apart from t, the relation between radius R and the refractive index N is provided by formula discussed above (1).Oval 408 feature is illustrated now.Oval 408 comprise an ellipse with long axis 410 and minor axis 412.Oval crossing and crossing at ± b point and minor axis 412 at ± a point and long axis 410.Long axis 410 and minor axis 412 intersect at initial point O.Oval also have focus and be positioned on the long axis 410 ± the c point. Adjacent lenses element 402a, 404a, intersect with oval 408 at a distance y place leaving long axis 410 at the abutment of 406a.The optical axial of biconvex lens 404 is long axis 410 of oval 408, is perpendicular to the rear surface 407 of array 400.Locate along oval 408 long axis 410 on the summit of lens element 404a.

For lenticular lens array 400, each lens element 402a, 404a, the interval of the maximum between the summit of 406a is provided by following formula:

(4)Smax＝2b

Each lens element 402a, 404a, the interval of the maximum between the summit of 406a also can be provided by following formula:

$\left(5\right)----S\max =\frac{2\mathrm{RN}}{\sqrt{N^2-1}}$

Array 400 has a pitch, is limited by the number of the biconvex lens of per unit length (1pu).For example, unit length can comprise 1in or 1mm.Pitch for lenticular lens array 400 minimums is provided by following formula:

$\left(6\right)----P\min =\frac{1}{2b}\left[1\mathrm{pu}\right]$

Can determine the feature of ellipse 408 for the parameter of one of lenticular lens array 400 specific purposes.These features can be determined for each purposes.For example, oval 408 feature d, t, y and R can be determined by the refractive index of the material that forms array 400 and the geometric configuration formula of standard.For example, long axis 410 can be provided with along one of the X of a rectangular coordinate system and minor axis 412 can be along setting of Y.Therefore, oval 408 provide by following formula:

(7) y ²-2Rx+px ²＝0

Constant P can be determined by the tapering constant shown in the following formula:

(8) p＝κ+1

Tapering constant κ can determine the oval of lens 404 and can be determined by following formula:

$\left(9\right)----\mathrm{\κ}=-\frac{1}{N^2}$

Refractive index N is typically about 1.3 to about 2.0 scope, and for the plastics that in press, use usually about 1.5 to about 1.6 scope.Therefore, the tapering constant κ for the constraint ranges of indices of refraction covers by about-0.25 to about-0.60.Therefore, the ellipse of these tapering constant indication lens elements 404a is because the tapering constant is greater than ellipse of-1 indication less than zero-sum.

Oval 408 degree of eccentricity e is provided by following formula:

$\left(10\right)----e=\sqrt{-\mathrm{\κ}},$ Or

$\left(11\right)----e=\frac{c}{a}$

The geometric relationship of other standard for oval 408 comprises following formula:

$\left(12\right)----a=\frac{R}{p},$ Or

$\left(13\right)----a=\frac{R}{\mathrm{\κ}+1}$

(14) b ²＝a ²-c ²

An example measuring the feature of oval 408 usefulness will be described as follows.The material of selecting a kind of hope is to form array 400.The material of wishing can have relevant refractive index N.Use refractive index N, can be identified for an oval-shaped tapering constant κ by formula (9).In addition, can select a biconvex lens thickness t for specific purposes.For example, lens thickness t can be about 0.003 to about 0.100in scope.In an exemplary embodiment, the biconvex lens thickness t can be chosen in about 0.007 to about 0.011in scope.The scheme that replaces is, the biconvex lens thickness t can use the geometric configuration formula of standard and determine each point ± a of oval 408 and ± b determines.For example, radius R can use formula (1) to determine, and the tapering constant K is determined by formula (9).Each point ± a can use formula (12) or (13) to determine subsequently.Afterwards, degree of eccentricity e can use formula (10) to determine.Each point ± c can use formula (11) to determine.Each point ± b can use formula (14) to determine.

Distance y can be selected according to the specific purposes for array 400.Distance y be lens element 404a width 1/2.The width of lens element 404a can limit the observation field of lens element 404a on rear surface 407.Therefore, distance y can be selected enough to be used to wish the images interlaced of number to provide one to observe the field width degree.After chosen distance y, the x coordinate for distance y on long axis 410 can use formula (7) to determine.

Oval 408 specific feature can be determined by many combinations of the parameter that limits these features.Therefore, the present invention comprises the oval-shaped feature of mensuration, and its is according to the parameter that is different from a beginning above-mentioned group selection or given.

Fig. 5 illustrates a beam trajectory, and the optical signature according to the lenticular lens array 400 of an one exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described.Lenticular lens array 400 can relax the ball-shaped aberration that is typically produced by common array.For example, array 400 can provide a basic axial image that focuses on, and the image that can improve off-axis.As shown in Figure 5, the light L on axis ₁Can advance by the lens element 404a of array 400, and can focus on point 502 on the rear surface 407.As shown in the figure, oval-shaped lens element 404a can relax the ball-shaped aberration that produces around focus 502.By reducing basic ball-shaped aberration, spherical aberration also can reduce.

In addition, at the light L of point 503 owing to off-axis ₂The image of the off-axis that produces also improves than common lens, and to have comet aberration 508 are remaining clearly aberrations.Moreover oval-shaped lens element 404a can reduce the depth of engagement d between the adjacent lenses element.Therefore, the light that array 400 can relax off-axis stopped by adjacent lenses, as shown in Figure 4.For given thickness 2y, radius R and refractive index N, mirage phantom can reduce, this be because with the generic array with identical thickness, radius and reflectance signature relatively, the light of off-axis stop minimizing.

Fig. 6 illustrates the projection of a light beam, and the optical signature of replenishing according to the lenticular lens array 400 of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described.Light beam shown in Fig. 6 projects an observer by the different Printing Zone of lenticular lens array 400.As shown in the figure, 602 light beam is reasonably to mate with the angle of oval lens in the center.

Fig. 7 illustrates the drawing in side sectional elevation according to the part of a lenticular lens array 700 of the one exemplary embodiment of a replacement of the present invention.Array 700 can comprise lenticular lens array 400 and substrate 702 couplings.In an one exemplary embodiment, lens element 402a, 404a, 406a can focus on the rear surface 704 of substrate 702.By each lens apex to the rear surface 704 of substrate 702 always apart from T can comprise by lens apex to the rear surface 407 of array 400 apart from t ₁Add by the rear surface 407 of array 400 to the rear surface 704 of substrate 702 apart from t ₂In practice, lenticular lens array is cast, and has thickness t ₁Typically equal the depth of engagement d of lens roughly, or be a bit larger tham the depth of engagement d of lens.Oval-shaped lens 402a, 404a, the feature of 406a can be identical with above referring to Fig. 4 explanation those.

Array 400 can comprise different materials with substrate 702.Therefore, different materials can have different refractive indexes.For example, array 400 can comprise a kind of refractive index N that has ₁Material, and substrate 702 can comprise a kind of refractive index N that has ₂Material.The different refractive index of array and base material can be introduced additional ball-shaped aberration.For example, for a thickness t ₂With refractive index N ₂An independent additional substrate, have refractive index N with respect to one ₁With the array of the independent material with identical R, it focuses on displacement bias.The skew that focuses on displacement is according to the relation of material or be positive, perhaps for bearing.In order to compensate different refractive indexes, formula (1) can be changed into following formula, be used for when array 700 comprises two or more different material, determining each lens element 402a, and 404a, the radius R of 406a:

$\left(15\right)----R=(N1-1)(\frac{t_1}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="N"\; filenames="A0281454700261.png,A0281454700301.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout>}}_1}+\frac{t_2}{N_2}+\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;+\frac{t_n}{N_n})$

The value of radius R causes coming the image of a far-away sources that forms on the rear surface of comfortable substrate 702.As shown above, formula (15) can use when lenticular lens array comprises an above substrate.

The tapering constant can be determined and can be used an optical computer program optimization by formula (9), to relax the ball-shaped aberration of the substrate of additionally introducing.

In the one exemplary embodiment of a replacement, substrate 702 can be by adhesive linkage (not shown) such as resin bonding to array 400.Typically, an adhesive linkage will have a limited thickness and a relevant refractive index.If use an adhesive linkage, it can be used as an additional base treatment.Therefore, formula (15) can be used in the thickness and the refractive index of compensation adhesive linkage, and the thickness and the refractive index that also can be used for compensating substrate.Relevant tapering constant is determined by the mode of explanation in the past and is optimized.

In the one exemplary embodiment of another replacement, substrate 702 can comprise an adhesive linkage.

In the one exemplary embodiment of another replacement, substrate 702 can comprise an opaque substrate.For example, opaque substrate comprises paper.In addition, images interlaced can be printed on the front surface 706 of opaque substrate.Subsequently, opaque substrate can be stacked to lenticular lens array 400.In such cases, image is to be positioned on the rear surface 407 of array 400.Therefore, the thickness of substrate does not need to consider to measure correct thickness T.Yet if an adhesive linkage is used in the opaque substrate of lamination to array 400, the thickness of adhesive linkage should consider to measure correct thickness T subsequently.

In the one exemplary embodiment of another replacement, biconvex lens 402-406 can be casted in the substrate 702, and such uncontinuity is present between one or more pairs of adjacent biconvex lens.For example, biconvex lens 402-406 can be casted in the substrate 702, and such uncontinuity is present between biconvex lens 402 and 404 or between biconvex lens 404 and 406.

Instrument 800 according to a kind of oval lens element manufacturing usefulness of an one exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be illustrated referring to Fig. 8 A and 8B.Instrument 800 can be by adamas or other suitable made.Fig. 8 A illustrates the drawing in side sectional elevation of a base components 802, is used for fabrication tool 800, to form the oval lens element according to an one exemplary embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 8 B illustrates the front view of instrument 800, is used to form the oval lens element according to an one exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Instrument 800 can be used in the groove array that produces a rule in an axle, is used for casting or extruding lenticular lens array.Instrument 800 is not to use in directly forming lenticular lens array.For example, axle can comprise a drum barrel, and instrument 800 can form a pattern spiral or screw thread on drum barrel.The scheme that replaces is that instrument 800 can form a straight otch (parallel slot) pattern on drum barrel.Moreover axle applied the layer of copper alloy before being shaped by instrument 800.Using aldary is because it can cut and keep its shape cleanly.After cutting, aldary can be electroplated another kind of material to increase the permanance of axle.For example, plated material can comprise chromium.If use coating or plated material after cutting, the size of instrument 800 can be regulated (increase) final thickness with compensating coating or plated material subsequently.Following explanation relates to an instrument, and its produces a not axle of band coating or plating.In practice, the size of instrument 800 can be by the coating that increases or the THICKNESS CALCULATION of plating.

As shown in the exemplary embodiment of Fig. 8 A and 8B, base components 802 comprises a cylindrical bar and has a radius b, is equivalent to the size ± b of the ellipse 806 of instrument 800.Base components 802 can be an angle κ with the minor axis 808 with base components 802 along a plane 804 and be cut.Angle κ can be determined by following formula:

$\left(16\right)----\cos \mathrm{ine}\left(k\right)=\frac{b}{a}$

Element b and a are equivalent to oval 806 oval feature.Oval 806 are equivalent to the ellipse according to the hope of the lens element of a lenticular lens array of an one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and therefore, each oval feature a, b and c are equivalent to the identical feature of the oval lens element of array.

In the one exemplary embodiment of a replacement, base components 802 can comprise a cone.This cone can comprise a truncated cone.Cone can comprise adamas or other suitable material.The geometric configuration formula of standard can be used in determines that a correct angle with the cutting cone, is used for the ellipse of the hope of generation instrument 800 usefulness.Therefore, cone can be cut into an angle, the ellipse of the hope of using with the generation instrument.The potential advantage of truncated cone shape base components 802 comprises that the material of needs is less, and cone apex angle provides the reducing of angular range ability of manufacturing equipment.

Instrument 800 has a female instrument, and it can be used in the elliptical lenses element that axle of cutting is used to produce array.Axle can be used in the oval-shaped lens element that produces in the lenticular lens array subsequently.For example, axle can be used in the biconvex lens of casting or extruding array.

Fig. 9 illustrates a pseudo-ellipse shape biconvex lens 900, is used near the oval-shaped lens element according to the lenticular lens array of an one exemplary embodiment of the present invention.Biconvex lens 900 can be included in the lenticular lens array according to an one exemplary embodiment of the present invention.Biconvex lens 900 comprises a pseudo-ellipse shape lens element 901.As shown in the figure, pseudo-ellipse shape lens element 901 is near the part of an ellipse 902.Pseudo-ellipse shape lens element 901 comprises a circular portion 905, relevant straight portion 906a, 906b and relevant straight portion 908a, 908b.

Circular portion 905 comprises the part of a circle 904, and it is near the radius R of ellipse 902.Therefore, circular 904 have a radius and equal oval-shaped radius R.The scheme that replaces is that circular 904 have a radius that is different from oval radius R, if this different radius can be better near oval.Circular portion 905 can comprise a part of circular 904, and it is approaching ellipse 902 in a specific tolerance.Specific tolerance can be determined according to the quality of the projects images of wishing for a specific purposes.The remaining shape error of the maximum of circle and flat region can remain near identical.

Relevant straight portion 906a, 906b can be arranged on any to begin, and puts circle 904 at this and exceeds specific tolerance by oval 902.Therefore, straight portion 906a, 906b can be near the part of the ellipse 902 of wishing.

Relevant straight portion 908a, 908b can be arranged on any to begin, and at this straight portion 906a, 906b exceeds specific tolerance by oval 902 respectively.Straight portion 908a, 908b can be near the part of the ellipse 902 of wishing.

The straight portion of any number can be used near oval 902.The number of straight portion can be regulated departing from minimizing and oval 902.For example, use more straight portion can reach and oval 902 less departing from.In other words, when using more straight portion, can reach less tolerance limits.Typically,, can use a less circular portion 905 subsequently, to allow less tolerance limits if use more straight portion.

In the exemplary embodiment of a replacement, one group of facet can be used near the ellipse of wishing, and need not use a circular portion.In one embodiment, Xiang Guan paired facet can be used near the ellipse of wishing.In this embodiment, pseudo-ellipse shape lens element can have a bit, joins on this facet pair and the summit of lens element.In the embodiment of a replacement, the summit can use an independent facet approaching, and it is positioned at basic and oval-shaped long axis quadrature, and relevant paired facet can be used near oval-shaped outer part.Therefore, pseudo-ellipse shape lens element 901 can be near an ellipse 902, thereby has improved the feature of image, and the used mode of the array of its mode and above-mentioned Fig. 4 400 is identical.

Figure 10 illustrates the pseudo-ellipse shape instrument 1000 according to an one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, is used to produce the lens element of a pseudo-ellipse shape.Instrument 1000 can be used in the groove array that produces a rule in an axle, is used for casting or extruding lenticular lens array.Instrument 1000 directly is not used in the formation lenticular lens array.For example, an axle can comprise a drum barrel, and instrument 1000 can form a pattern spiral or screw thread on drum barrel.The scheme that replaces is that instrument 1000 can form a straight otch (parallel slot) pattern on drum barrel.Moreover axle can apply the layer of copper alloy before being shaped by instrument 1000.Using aldary is because it can cut and keep its shape cleanly.After cutting, aldary can be electroplated another kind of material to increase the permanance of axle.For example, plating can comprise chromium.If use coating or plated material after cutting, the size of instrument 1000 can be regulated (increase) final thickness with compensating coating or plated material subsequently.Following explanation relates to an instrument, and its produces a not axle of band coating or plating.In practice, the size of instrument 1000 can or be electroplated and calculate by the coating that increases.

In Figure 10, a side of ellipse tool 1000 only is shown.The mirror image of the side shown in another side of ellipse tool 1000 has.Ellipse tool 1000 can be by adamas or other suitable made.Ellipse tool 1000 can comprise that an instrument is used to cut a shape, and it can be used in the pseudo-ellipse shape lens element that pushes or cast according to the lenticular lens array of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in the figure, the ellipse of a hope comprises an ellipse 1002.Circle 1004 has a radius can be near a part 1005 of oval 1002.Tangent line of point 1007 indications 1006 and oval 1004 intersection point exceed a specific tolerance at this point circular 1004 by oval 1002.One first facet 1008 can be set to by point 1007 beginnings, and can be near a part of oval 1002.One second facet 1010 can be set to be put first facet at this and exceeded specific tolerance by oval 1002 by point 1009 beginnings.Second facet 1010 can be near a part of oval 1002, up to the width y that reaches hope.

Tangent line 1006, the first facets 1008 and second facet 1010 can be respectively and oval 1002 major axis 1003 shapes l, m and n at an angle.Real angle l, m and n, the length of the radius R and first and second facets 1008,1010 can be determined for specific purposes according to the feature of ellipse 1002 and specific tolerance.

In practice, circular 1004 radius can be chosen as the radius R near oval 1002.Therefore, circular 1004 can have a radius and equal oval-shaped radius R.The scheme that replaces is that circular 1004 can have a radius that is different from oval-shaped radius R, if different radiuses can be better near oval.Selected radius can use, and exceeds specific tolerance up to it by oval 1002.The angle m of first facet 1008 can determine according to the ellipse 1002 at tangent point 1007 places.Similarly, the angle n of second facet 1010 can determine according to the ellipse 1002 at point 1009 places.

The facet of any number can be used near oval 1002.Faceted number can be regulated departing from minimizing and oval 1002.For example, use more facet can reach and ellipse 1002 less the departing from of wishing.In other words, when using more facet, can reach less tolerance limits.Typically,, can use a less circular portion 1005 subsequently, to allow less tolerance limits if use more facet.

The mitigation of ball-shaped aberration can reach by introducing oval-shaped lens, with common lens relatively, its allows to use thin lens to reach same or more performance.Public measuring that is used in the light collecting light ability of expressing lens is called as focusing rate or F-number (F/#).The focusing rate can be defined as the diameter (entrance pupil that distinguishingly be called lens) of the focal length of lens divided by lens simply.The ball-shaped aberration of common lens is followed the known relationship formula, with 1/ (F/#) ³Be directly proportional.When a common biconvex lens attenuate (t diminishes), and when keeping pitch, be apparent that image resolution ratio/quality promptly reduces, because F# diminishes.For example, when t changed to 0.009in by 0.020in, resolution reduced above 10 times.When thin biconvex lens sheet material engages with cylindrical object,, provide significant advantage as on other local ground of explaining of this instructions.

In the one exemplary embodiment of a replacement, one group of facet can be used near the ellipse of wishing, and does not need to use a circular portion.In one embodiment, Xiang Guan paired facet can be used near the ellipse of wishing.In this embodiment, pseudo-ellipse shape element can have a bit, joins on this summit of putting a pair of facet and lens element.In the embodiment of a replacement, the summit enough independent facets of energy are approaching, and it is positioned at basic and oval-shaped long axis quadrature, and relevant paired facet can be used near oval-shaped outer part.

Instrument 1000 can be used in a shaping with axle of pseudo-ellipse shape.Pseudo-ellipse centre of form axle is used in the casting or the extruding of lens element subsequently, and it has pseudo-ellipse shape and is used for a lenticular lens array.

Ellipse according to the lenticular lens element of exemplary embodiment of the present invention can provide the following benefit that surpasses common design: produces less vision printing and throw aberration; The contrast of higher printed images is provided; The lenticular lens material of thin specification is provided, and it remains on the printing quality that exists in the thicker gauge material (for example, thin lenticular lens material can be with the thickness manufacturing less than 0.012in, and more ad hoc at about 0.005in extremely in about 0.010in scope); Provide and have more clearly and the littler serif and the image of spot size; The lenticular lens material of thin specification is provided, and it is enough soft, so that be pasted to the packing container of cylindrical shape or truncated cone shape, and such as mug, bottle, goblet, cardboard etc., and can not make the consumer pack delamination; The lenticular lens material of thin specification is provided, and it can be applicable to the label applicator on the industrial production line, and the coiled material that is used to rotate is supplied with blows down or slide tag system; The material of thin specification is provided, and it can reduce the weight of thickness and material per square inch, thus the minimizing expense; The observation width district of the biconvex lens of increase is provided, is used for more wide animation imaging technique, and reach materials with smaller thickness and thinner lens pitch; Perhaps reduce cross-talk and image mirage phantom.

Oval lens element according to the lenticular lens array of each exemplary embodiment of the present invention can be used in following print product type and market, and this is because thin lenticular lens material can combine with elliptic design: the reinforcement (the outer winding of box) of whole outer biconvex lens packing; The biconvex lens label strip of paper used for sealing that segmentation is pasted is used for external packing; Pressure-sensitive with non-pressure-sensitive, from bonding with non-from bonding biconvex lens label product; Multilayer, it is pressure-sensitive that open-type is peeled off in many substrates, non-pressure-sensitive biconvex lens label; Be stacked to the biconvex lens of cardboard; Packing inner packing and packing go up packing; Goblet with biconvex lens cup wraps ornamental part or whole; Video-tape, the biconvex lens of digital video disk or CD capping is handled; Direct mail; The magazine inset; The poster paper inset; Or contest and recreation prize drawing product, it comprises uses local whole biconvex lens reinforcement.

Though below understand certain embodiments of the present invention in detail, these explanations are the purpose in order to demonstrate only.For the person skilled in the art, under the condition that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention that following claims limit, can make except above-mentioned, for the various changes of the disclosed aspect of one exemplary embodiment and the step that is equal to.The scope of claims is abideed by explanation the most widely, thereby comprises these changes and equivalent structure.

Claims (28)

1. a lenticular lens array is used to produce a visual effect by the image of above-mentioned lenticular lens array observation, and it comprises:

A series of biconvex lens are provided with adjacent to each other, and to form lenticular lens array, each biconvex lens comprises a lenticular lens element on a side, and the surface of a substantially flat is on a relative side,

Wherein each lenticular lens element has a summit and an xsect, comprises an oval-shaped part, and ellipse has a long axis, is set to be basically perpendicular to the surface of the substantially flat of each respective lenticular lens element, and

Wherein the summit basic setup of each respective lenticular lens element is along oval-shaped long axis.

2. according to the lenticular lens array of claim 1, it also comprises an images interlaced, be printed at least one the smooth surface of above-mentioned a series of biconvex lens, it is characterized in that, when the viewing angle of above-mentioned lenticular lens array changed, the vision part of above-mentioned images interlaced also changed.

3. according to the lenticular lens array of claim 1, it comprises that also an images interlaced is printed at least one the smooth surface of above-mentioned a series of biconvex lens, it is characterized in that, when observing by above-mentioned lenticular lens array, the vision of above-mentioned images interlaced partly produces the visual effect of a three-dimensional.

4. according to the lenticular lens array of claim 1, it comprises that also an opaque substrate has an images interlaced and is printed thereon face, surface coupling with the substantially flat of above-mentioned a plurality of biconvex lens, wherein images interlaced is printed at least one the above-mentioned opaque substrate of clad can on surface of substantially flat of above-mentioned a plurality of biconvex lens, and it is characterized in that, when the viewing angle of above-mentioned lenticular lens array changed, the vision part of images interlaced also changed.

5. according to the lenticular lens array of claim 1, it also comprises a substrate, with the surface coupling of the substantially flat of above-mentioned a plurality of biconvex lens.

6. according to the lenticular lens array of claim 5, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned a plurality of biconvex lens be casted into above-mentioned suprabasil.

7. according to the array of the biconvex lens of claim 6, it is characterized in that a uncontinuity is present between two adjacent biconvex lens.

8. according to the lenticular lens array of claim 1, it also comprises a plurality of substrates, with the surface coupling of the substantially flat of above-mentioned a plurality of biconvex lens.

9. according to the lenticular lens array of claim 8, it is characterized in that one of above-mentioned a plurality of substrates comprise an adhesive linkage.

10. a lenticular lens array is used to produce a visual effect by the image of above-mentioned lenticular lens array observation, and it comprises:

A plurality of biconvex lens are provided with adjacent to each other, and to form lenticular lens array, each biconvex lens comprises a lenticular lens element on a side, and the surface of a substantially flat is on a relative side,

Wherein each lenticular lens element has a summit and an xsect, comprises an oval-shaped approximate part, and ellipse has a long axis, is set to be basically perpendicular to the surface of the substantially flat of each respective lenticular lens, and

Wherein the summit basic setup of each respective lenticular lens is along oval-shaped long axis.

11. the lenticular lens array according to claim 10 is characterized in that, oval-shaped approximate part comprises:

A circular portion, it is near an oval-shaped circular portion; And

A plurality of straight substantially parts, each straight substantially part is near an oval-shaped part.

12. the lenticular lens array according to claim 10 is characterized in that, oval-shaped approximate part comprises:

A circular portion, it is near an oval-shaped circular portion;

One first pair relevant straight substantially part is set to adjacent circular opposing ends partly respectively, and near an oval-shaped first; And

One second pair relevant straight substantially part is set in the first pair of straight substantially part corresponding one respectively, and near an oval-shaped second portion.

13. the lenticular lens array according to claim 10 is characterized in that, oval-shaped approximate part comprises:

A circular portion, it is near an oval-shaped circular portion; And

One first straight substantially part is set to an adjacent circular part and an approaching oval-shaped first.

14. the lenticular lens array according to claim 13 is characterized in that, oval-shaped approximate part also comprises one second straight substantially part, be set in abutting connection with the first straight substantially part, and near an oval-shaped second portion.

15. according to the lenticular lens array of claim 10, it also comprises a substrate, with the surface coupling of above-mentioned a plurality of biconvex lens substantially flats.

16. the lenticular lens array according to claim 10 is characterized in that, oval-shaped approximate part comprises a plurality of facets, and each is near an oval-shaped part.

17. the lenticular lens array according to claim 16 is characterized in that, a plurality of facets comprise a series of relevant paired facets.

18. the lenticular lens array according to claim 16 is characterized in that, a plurality of facets comprise:

A summit facet is arranged on the summit of respective lenticular lens element, and is positioned basic and oval-shaped major axis quadrature; And

A plurality of relevant paired facets are arranged on faceted outside, above-mentioned summit.

19. the method for a fabrication tool, instrument are used to produce an axle, are used to form the oval-shaped lens element of a lenticular lens array, it comprises following step:

A base components is provided, has a radius b and be equivalent to an oval-shaped minor axis, ellipse is equivalent to the ellipse of a hope, is used for each lens element of lenticular lens array; And

Along a plane cutting base components, the oval-shaped minor axis of plane and hope is κ at an angle,

Wherein ellipse comprises a long axis perpendicular to minor axis,

Wherein the oval-shaped summit of Xi Wanging is arranged on 1 a of long axis, and

Wherein angle κ is provided by following formula: Cosine (κ)=b/a.

20. the method according to claim 19 is characterized in that, base components comprise one cylindrical.

21. the method according to claim 19 is characterized in that base components comprises adamas.

22. the method according to claim 19 is characterized in that, radius b and some a are adjusted to the ellipse that departs from hope to compensate the surface of a protection, and it will be placed on the axle after axle is produced by instrument.

23. the method according to claim 19 is characterized in that, base components comprises a taper.

24. an instrument is used to produce an axle, is used to form the lens element of the pseudo-ellipse shape of a lenticular lens array, it comprises:

A circular portion, it is near an oval-shaped circular portion, and ellipse is equivalent to the ellipse of a hope, is used for each lens element of lenticular lens array; And

A plurality of facets are set in abutting connection with above-mentioned circular portion, and each facet is near an oval-shaped part.

25. the instrument according to claim 24 is characterized in that, above-mentioned a plurality of facets comprise first pair of relevant facet, are arranged on respectively on the opposing ends of above-mentioned circular portion.

26. the instrument according to claim 25 is characterized in that, above-mentioned a plurality of facets also comprise second pair of relevant facet, are set to be abutted to first pair relevant faceted corresponding one respectively.

27. the instrument according to claim 24 is characterized in that, above-mentioned circular portion and above-mentioned a plurality of facet comprise adamas.

28. the instrument according to claim 24 is characterized in that, this is oval oval bigger than what wish, and with the surface of compensation protection, it will be placed on the axle after axle is produced by instrument.

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