CN1532037A - 隔音隔热结构元件 - Google Patents
隔音隔热结构元件 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1532037A CN1532037A CNA2004100302493A CN200410030249A CN1532037A CN 1532037 A CN1532037 A CN 1532037A CN A2004100302493 A CNA2004100302493 A CN A2004100302493A CN 200410030249 A CN200410030249 A CN 200410030249A CN 1532037 A CN1532037 A CN 1532037A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- depression
- described element
- skin
- sound
- rigid foam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 2
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- GTACSIONMHMRPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(benzenesulfonamido)ethylsulfanyl]-2,6-difluorophenoxy]acetamide Chemical compound C1=C(F)C(OCC(=O)N)=C(F)C=C1SCCNS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GTACSIONMHMRPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710130081 Aspergillopepsin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100031007 Cytosolic non-specific dipeptidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1CCCCC1 SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004079 fireproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010447 natron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MHZDONKZSXBOGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCOP(O)(O)=O MHZDONKZSXBOGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical group C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D1/00—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught
- B67D1/0042—Details of specific parts of the dispensers
- B67D1/0081—Dispensing valves
- B67D1/0082—Dispensing valves entirely mechanical
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/046—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B19/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica
- B32B19/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B19/047—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/141—Hydrocarbons
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/88—Insulating elements for both heat and sound
- E04B1/90—Insulating elements for both heat and sound slab-shaped
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
- F16K1/32—Details
- F16K1/34—Cutting-off parts, e.g. valve members, seats
- F16K1/36—Valve members
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/08—Closed cell foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
- B32B2307/102—Insulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/304—Insulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
- B32B2311/24—Aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2607/00—Walls, panels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D1/00—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught
- B67D1/0042—Details of specific parts of the dispensers
- B67D1/0081—Dispensing valves
- B67D2001/0087—Dispensing valves being mounted on the dispenser housing
- B67D2001/0089—Dispensing valves being mounted on the dispenser housing operated by lever means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D1/00—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught
- B67D2001/0093—Valves
- B67D2001/0094—Valve mountings in dispensers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D2210/00—Indexing scheme relating to aspects and details of apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught or for controlling flow of liquids under gravity from storage containers for dispensing purposes
- B67D2210/00028—Constructional details
- B67D2210/00141—Other parts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
- C08J2205/04—Foams characterised by their properties characterised by the foam pores
- C08J2205/052—Closed cells, i.e. more than 50% of the pores are closed
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
- C08J2205/10—Rigid foams
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B2001/7691—Heat reflecting layers or coatings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
- E04B2001/8461—Solid slabs or blocks layered
- E04B2001/8466—Solid slabs or blocks layered with an intermediate layer formed of lines or dots of elastic material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
- E04B2001/8476—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling
- E04B2001/848—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
- Y10T428/31598—Next to silicon-containing [silicone, cement, etc.] layer
- Y10T428/31601—Quartz or glass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
- Y10T428/31605—Next to free metal
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
Abstract
一种闭孔聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料结构元件,其具有优良的隔热性能和改良的吸音性能,其性能是通过满足特殊标准的表面凹陷获得的。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种闭孔聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料的结构元件,其具有优良的隔热以及改良的吸音特性。
背景技术
聚合物泡沫塑料板,特别是聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料,以种种应用方式应用于建筑物隔热。在屋顶隔热方面,例如把40mm~180mm厚的板用作可安装的隔热材料。这些板的主要目的是确保隔热。为此,通常所使用的材料具有20~35mW/mK的热传导率。如果使用弹性外层,则该热传导率能够愈加提高。另外,必须提供至少0.10N/mm2的抗压强度,因为当铺设这些板的时候,必须确保屋顶材料的承重能力。板材除隔热外同时也保证隔绝外部噪音以及阻止声音在房间之间的传导,特别是频率范围为1000~5000Hz,这样的板材将是有利的。
表面压实的多孔聚氨酯泡沫塑料模制部件用作设备的绝缘外套在DE-A19962865中已经被描述。获得吸音效果是由于皮层覆盖的泡沫塑料表面附近穿孔,声波从而能够穿透泡沫塑料。然而不利的是其中所述的泡沫塑料既没有足够的抗压强度,也没有足够的隔热特性。
发明内容
现在已经发现如果表面凹陷具有不同的尺寸,通常无法保证隔音的闭孔聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料的吸音效果在频率范围1000~5000Hz内得到显著改善。闭孔聚氨酯泡沫塑料的优良隔热性能由于这些穿孔仅仅轻微受到影响。
附图简述
附图描述实施例1-6中生产的泡沫塑料的吸音特性。
具体实施方案
本发明提供一种隔音和隔热结构元件,该元件包括一种聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料板,其具有多于90%的闭孔,其表面每平方厘米含有1~18个直径在0.1~10mm,深度为1~7cm的凹陷,其中至少存在两种类型的凹陷,它们至少在一种尺寸上不同。
结构元件的表面具有直径0.1~10mm的凹陷,更优选的是直径0.2~4mm。凹陷可以是圆的、椭圆的、十字形或狭缝状,多种形状的组合也是可以被使用的。凹陷的深度为0.1~7cm,优选1~4cm,小于板的厚度。凹陷的深度和板的厚度之差优选至少为5mm。结构元件表面的凹陷数目为每平方厘米1~18个,优选每平方厘米4~15个。结构元件可以在前面或后面或同时在两边具有凹陷。
已经发现外层的使用导致本发明的结构元件在吸音特性方面的改良。关于这点,结构元件的聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料板既可以在一面或者同时两面提供一种外层。可以在前面和后面提供相同或不同的外层。堆密度为40~80Kg/m3的无机绒头织物被优选用作外层。然而泡碱牛皮纸、沥青纸、沥青毛毡、皱纹纸,涂覆聚乙烯的玻璃绒头织物(fleece)和铝箔也可以被用作外层。所用的外层厚度取决于所用的材料。例如对于铝箔来说,0.03mm的厚度是适宜的。不超过3mm的厚度对于沥青毛毡是适宜的。其他适宜的外层在G.Oertel(编者)的《聚氨酯》第三版(Carl Hanser Vlg.,Munich 1993,p.272ff)中加以阐述。在一个优选实施方案中,结构元件在面对声源的前面具有一无机绒头织物外层,在远离声源的后面具有一铝箔外层。
密度为20~120Kg/m3闭孔体系,优选20~80Kg/m3,最优选25~40/m3,被用于聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料。聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料典型地在指数(异氰酸酯基团与异氰酸酯反应基团的摩尔比率乘100)为100~600优选100~400发泡。
在本发明的结构元件中所用的板是通过本领域技术人员已知的方法生产的。如果使用一种外层,优选在泡沫塑料的生产过程中例如在以双传送带生产板的过程中直接发泡。在泡沫塑料中的凹陷是通过传统的机械方法例如钻孔、铣削等产生的。
实施例
通过下面的组分反应生产聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料。
64重量份的聚酯多元醇,其基于己二酸、邻苯二甲酸酐和二甘醇,羟基数为210(市售的,商标为DesmophenDE S-053,Bayer AG);
16重量份的聚醚多元醇,其羟基数为255,通过三羟甲基丙烷和一种环氧乙烷和氧化丙烯的混合物反应生产(市售的,商标为DesmophenVP.PU1657,BayerAG);
160重量份的二苯甲烷-4,4′-二异氰酸酯异构体和它们的高级同系物(市售的,商标为Desmodur44V20,Bayer AG);
还存在
16重量份的三氯丙基磷酸酯(作为防火剂);
13.2重量份的正戊烷;
1.2重量份的水
1.6重量份的市售的聚醚/聚硅氧烷发泡稳定剂(市售的,商标为DabcoDC5598,Air products);
3.6重量份的25%的溶于二甘醇的乙酸钾溶液;
以及
0.56重量份的二甲基环己胺
获得的聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料(指数为236),其具有30Kg/m3的密度和体积百分比为10%的开孔结构。根据德国工业标准(DIN)52616其热传导率为25.8mW/mK(23℃)。
实施例1(对比例)
从硬质泡沫塑料上切下的200mm长,200mm宽,40mm厚的一种平板模制部件。根据ASTM E1050-90在一个30mm和90mm直径的吸音管内测定频率依赖性吸音特性。附图显示了样品的吸音特性。热传导率是25.8mW/mK。
实施例2(对比例)
根据实施例1所生产的测试体的表面具有直径2mm和15mm深的圆柱型凹陷,每平方厘米的凹陷数目是5个。附图显示样品的吸音特性。热传导率是26.3mW/mK。
实施例3(对比例)
根据实施例1所生产的测试体的表面具有直径4mm和20mm深的圆柱型凹陷,每平方厘米的凹陷数目是5个。附图显示样品的吸音特性。热传导率是28.0mW/mK。
实施例4
根据实施例1所生产的测试体的表面具有直径2mm和15mm深的圆柱型凹陷(每平方厘米1个),及直径4mm和20mm深的圆柱型凹陷(每平方厘米2个),还有直径4mm和30mm深的圆柱型凹陷(每平方厘米2个)。附图显示样品的吸音特性。热传导率是29.4mW/mK。
实施例5
根据实施例1所生产的测试体,在其一面(面对声源的一面)具有市售的,商标为Vliepatex的表面(涂覆无机物的玻璃绒头织物,其密度为50g/m2)。然后在表面上钻孔获得直径2mm和15mm深的圆柱型凹陷(每平方厘米1个),及直径4mm和20mm深的圆柱型凹陷(每平方厘米2个),还有直径4mm和30mm深的圆柱型凹陷(每平方厘米2个)。附图显示样品的吸音特性。热传导率是30.7mW/mK。
实施例6
近似于实施例1所生产的50mm厚测试体,在其一面(面对声源的一面)具有市售的,商标为Vliepatex的表面(涂覆无机物的玻璃绒头织物,其密度为50g/m2)。然后在表面上钻孔获得直径4mm和20mm深的圆柱型凹陷(每平方厘米1个),及直径4mm和30mm深的圆柱型凹陷(每平方厘米2个),还有直径4mm和40mm深的圆柱型凹陷(每平方厘米2个)。附图显示样品的吸音特性。热传导率是32.2mW/mK。
尽管基于说明的目的本发明已经在前面加以详细描述,但是应当理解这种详述仅仅是基于说明的目的,只要是权利要求限定范围内的,本领域技术人员基于此所作的变化没有背离本发明的精神和范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种隔音隔热元件,包括一聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料板,其具有多于90%的闭孔,其表面每平方厘米有1~18个凹陷,该凹陷的直径为0.1~10mm,深度为10~70mm,其中至少有两种类型的凹陷,它们至少在一种尺寸上不同。
2.权利要求1所述的元件,其中凹陷存在于泡沫塑料板的前后两侧。
3.权利要求2所述的元件,其中聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料板在其前面或后面具有一外层。
4.权利要求3所述的元件,其中外层是铝箔或无机纤维绒头织物。
5.权利要求4所述的元件,其中闭孔聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料板在其前面和后面具有一外层。
6.权利要求5所述的元件,其中泡沫塑料板前面外层的材料不同于后面外层的材料。
7.权利要求1所述的元件,其中聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料板在其前面和后面具有一外层。
8.权利要求7所述的元件,其中外层为铝箔或无机纤维绒头织物。
9.权利要求8所述的元件,其中泡沫塑料板在其前后两侧具有外层。
10.权利要求9所述的元件,其中泡沫塑料前面的外层材料不同于泡沫塑料后面外层的材料。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10310907.2 | 2003-03-13 | ||
DE10310907A DE10310907B3 (de) | 2003-03-13 | 2003-03-13 | Schall- und wärmedämmendes Konstruktionselement |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1532037A true CN1532037A (zh) | 2004-09-29 |
CN100376376C CN100376376C (zh) | 2008-03-26 |
Family
ID=29719578
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNB2004100302493A Expired - Fee Related CN100376376C (zh) | 2003-03-13 | 2004-03-15 | 隔音隔热结构元件 |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7179846B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1457611B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2004278299A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20040081371A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100376376C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE377116T1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2460080A1 (zh) |
DE (2) | DE10310907B3 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK1457611T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2295717T3 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1069560A1 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL160806A (zh) |
MX (1) | MXPA04002399A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL1457611T3 (zh) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101225151B (zh) * | 2007-01-15 | 2013-02-13 | 株式会社Piusys. | 满水发泡聚氨酯喷雾组合物及其聚氨酯喷雾泡沫结构,和构建楼面碰撞声隔声层的方法 |
CN111118960A (zh) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-08 | 江门市明星纸业有限公司 | 一种消音牛皮纸及其生产用压合装置 |
CN111479679A (zh) * | 2017-11-28 | 2020-07-31 | 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 | 玻璃纤维增强聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫隔热板 |
US11745465B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2023-09-05 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Polyurethane-based insulation board |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2937328B1 (fr) | 2008-10-16 | 2010-11-12 | Arkema France | Procede de transfert de chaleur |
CA2771435C (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2018-04-17 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Building system with improved insulation material |
US8973329B2 (en) | 2009-08-20 | 2015-03-10 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Building system with multi-function insulation barrier |
DE102009048000A1 (de) * | 2009-10-01 | 2011-09-15 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verbundwerkstoff aus offenzelligem Hartschaum |
FR2957350B1 (fr) * | 2010-03-09 | 2013-06-14 | Arkema France | Compositions d'agent d'expansion a base d'hydrochlorofluoroolefine |
DE102011107693A1 (de) | 2011-07-13 | 2013-01-17 | Otto Bock Schaumsysteme Gmbh | Erhöhung der Schallabsorption in Dämmstoffen |
ITBZ20110039A1 (it) * | 2011-09-01 | 2013-03-02 | Stahlbau Pichler S R L | Pannello di costruzione per involucro edifici. |
CN102501413A (zh) * | 2011-10-01 | 2012-06-20 | 滕州市华海新型保温材料有限公司 | 由天然纤维网格布组成覆面层的有机高分子保温材料 |
FR3003566B1 (fr) | 2013-03-20 | 2018-07-06 | Arkema France | Composition comprenant hf et e-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-chloropropene |
CN103318106A (zh) * | 2013-06-29 | 2013-09-25 | 贵州大学 | 客车发动机隔音降噪方法及装置 |
WO2016114837A2 (en) | 2014-10-23 | 2016-07-21 | South Dakota Board Of Regents | Micro-channeled and nano-channeled polymer for structural and thermal insulation composites |
FR3056222B1 (fr) | 2016-09-19 | 2020-01-10 | Arkema France | Composition a base de 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene |
ES2801775B2 (es) | 2019-07-01 | 2021-07-06 | Liderkit Sl | Nuevo material con mejorada capacidad termoaislante paratransporte y construccion procedente de reaccion quimica de5 polimerizacion |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1510712A (en) * | 1974-06-04 | 1978-05-17 | Scott Paper Co | Perforated embossed film to foam laminates |
DE4315841A1 (de) * | 1993-05-12 | 1994-11-17 | Bayer Ag | Harte hyrophobe Polyurethane |
US5478494A (en) * | 1993-09-22 | 1995-12-26 | Basf Corporation | Polyol composition having good flow and formic acid blown rigid polyurethane foams made thereby having good dimensional stability |
CA2144490A1 (en) * | 1994-03-28 | 1995-09-29 | Michael J. Skowronski | Catalyst for polyisocyanurate foams made with alternative blowing agents |
GB9705402D0 (en) * | 1996-12-04 | 1997-04-30 | Pritex Ltd | Apparatus for and method of attenuating acoustic energy |
DE29803674U1 (de) * | 1998-03-03 | 1999-07-15 | M. Faist GmbH & Co. KG, 86381 Krumbach | Schichtstoff |
DE19962865C1 (de) * | 1999-12-24 | 2001-02-15 | Bayer Ag | Polymerschaum-Formteil mit erhöhtem Schallabsorptionsvermögen |
US20020179367A1 (en) * | 1999-12-24 | 2002-12-05 | Arno Becker | Sound-absorbing polymer foam molded article |
MY140920A (en) * | 2001-04-02 | 2010-02-12 | Darren Aster Gunasekara | An acoustic tile |
-
2003
- 2003-03-13 DE DE10310907A patent/DE10310907B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-03-01 DE DE200450005345 patent/DE502004005345D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-01 ES ES04004638T patent/ES2295717T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-03-01 PL PL04004638T patent/PL1457611T3/pl unknown
- 2004-03-01 AT AT04004638T patent/ATE377116T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-03-01 EP EP20040004638 patent/EP1457611B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-03-01 DK DK04004638T patent/DK1457611T3/da active
- 2004-03-08 CA CA 2460080 patent/CA2460080A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-03-09 US US10/796,439 patent/US7179846B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-10 IL IL160806A patent/IL160806A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2004-03-11 JP JP2004068848A patent/JP2004278299A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-03-12 MX MXPA04002399A patent/MXPA04002399A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-03-12 KR KR1020040016769A patent/KR20040081371A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-03-15 CN CNB2004100302493A patent/CN100376376C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-03-24 HK HK05102563A patent/HK1069560A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101225151B (zh) * | 2007-01-15 | 2013-02-13 | 株式会社Piusys. | 满水发泡聚氨酯喷雾组合物及其聚氨酯喷雾泡沫结构,和构建楼面碰撞声隔声层的方法 |
CN111479679A (zh) * | 2017-11-28 | 2020-07-31 | 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 | 玻璃纤维增强聚氨酯/聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫隔热板 |
US11486135B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2022-11-01 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Glass fiber-reinforced polyurethane/polyisocyanurate foam insulation board |
US11745465B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2023-09-05 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Polyurethane-based insulation board |
CN111118960A (zh) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-08 | 江门市明星纸业有限公司 | 一种消音牛皮纸及其生产用压合装置 |
CN111118960B (zh) * | 2019-12-30 | 2022-05-20 | 江门市明星纸业有限公司 | 一种消音牛皮纸及其生产用压合装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1457611A2 (de) | 2004-09-15 |
US20040180978A1 (en) | 2004-09-16 |
ATE377116T1 (de) | 2007-11-15 |
DK1457611T3 (da) | 2008-01-28 |
JP2004278299A (ja) | 2004-10-07 |
EP1457611B1 (de) | 2007-10-31 |
EP1457611A3 (de) | 2006-09-06 |
PL1457611T3 (pl) | 2008-04-30 |
HK1069560A1 (en) | 2005-05-27 |
US7179846B2 (en) | 2007-02-20 |
MXPA04002399A (es) | 2005-04-11 |
KR20040081371A (ko) | 2004-09-21 |
DE502004005345D1 (de) | 2007-12-13 |
ES2295717T3 (es) | 2008-04-16 |
DE10310907B3 (de) | 2004-01-08 |
IL160806A0 (en) | 2004-08-31 |
CN100376376C (zh) | 2008-03-26 |
IL160806A (en) | 2007-07-04 |
CA2460080A1 (en) | 2004-09-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN1532037A (zh) | 隔音隔热结构元件 | |
US3557840A (en) | Cellular plastic foam insulation board structures | |
US20200031991A1 (en) | Aromatic polyester polyether polyols, polyurethanes made therefrom and building materials comprising same | |
KR20190025337A (ko) | 폴리에스테르 수지의 발포 시트를 포함하는 차량용 흡차음재 | |
TR200102768T2 (tr) | Pul pul dökülen grafitli açık hücreli yarı sert köpükler | |
US10894869B2 (en) | Foam insulation with enhanced fire and smoke performance | |
US10913235B2 (en) | Foam insulation with improved low temperature properties | |
CA2618363C (en) | A non-structural multi-part panel | |
JPH058209B2 (zh) | ||
US11919285B2 (en) | Insulation panels and methods of preparation thereof | |
JP2001193209A (ja) | 建築用緩衝材及びそれを用いた浮き床構造 | |
KR200330114Y1 (ko) | 흡음 및 치수안정성이 우수한 목질 판재 | |
AU2006279264B2 (en) | A non-structural multi-part panel | |
KR101837501B1 (ko) | 폴리에스테르 수지 발포체를 포함하는 층간 차음재 | |
JP2729187B2 (ja) | 防音用フィルム | |
CN115723408A (zh) | 一种轻质隔音保温墙板及其制备方法 | |
RU2326214C2 (ru) | Применение ориентированного коллагенового ретикулярного поропласта в качестве теплоизолирующего, терморегулирующего и звукоизолирующего материала | |
JPH0147300B2 (zh) | ||
JPS6360710B2 (zh) | ||
JPH0116417B2 (zh) |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: HK Ref legal event code: DE Ref document number: 1069560 Country of ref document: HK |
|
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: HK Ref legal event code: GR Ref document number: 1069560 Country of ref document: HK |
|
C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20080326 |