CN1529798A - Threaded joint for steel tube - Google Patents

Threaded joint for steel tube Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1529798A
CN1529798A CNA028141547A CN02814154A CN1529798A CN 1529798 A CN1529798 A CN 1529798A CN A028141547 A CNA028141547 A CN A028141547A CN 02814154 A CN02814154 A CN 02814154A CN 1529798 A CN1529798 A CN 1529798A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
coating
undercoat
metal
steel pipe
hole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CNA028141547A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1240957C (en
Inventor
安乐敏朗
夫
后藤邦夫
司
松本圭司
永作重夫
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vallourec Oil and Gas France SAS
Nippon Steel Corp
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd
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Publication of CN1529798A publication Critical patent/CN1529798A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L15/00—Screw-threaded joints; Forms of screw-threads for such joints
    • F16L15/001—Screw-threaded joints; Forms of screw-threads for such joints with conical threads
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M109/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
    • C10M109/02—Reaction products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
    • C10M159/12—Reaction products
    • C10M159/20—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
    • C10M159/24—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing sulfonic radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/045—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and non-macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
    • F16L58/18—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation specially adapted for pipe fittings
    • F16L58/182—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation specially adapted for pipe fittings for screw-threaded joints
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/101—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones and phenols, e.g. Also polyoxyalkylene ether derivatives thereof
    • C10M2209/1013—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones and phenols, e.g. Also polyoxyalkylene ether derivatives thereof used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/044—Polyamides
    • C10M2217/0443—Polyamides used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/046—Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/046—Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
    • C10M2219/0463—Overbasedsulfonic acid salts used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/055—Particles related characteristics
    • C10N2020/061—Coated particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/015—Dispersions of solid lubricants
    • C10N2050/02—Dispersions of solid lubricants dissolved or suspended in a carrier which subsequently evaporates to leave a lubricant coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/023—Multi-layer lubricant coatings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/023—Multi-layer lubricant coatings
    • C10N2050/025—Multi-layer lubricant coatings in the form of films or sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2080/00—Special pretreatment of the material to be lubricated, e.g. phosphatising or chromatising of a metal

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Non-Disconnectible Joints And Screw-Threaded Joints (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)

Abstract

A metal-sealable threaded joint for steel tube capable of being tightened and loosened repeatedly without applying liquid lubricant containing heavy metal powder thereon, comprising a pin and a box each having a contact surface containing a screw part and a screw-less metal contact part, wherein the contact surface of at least one of the pin and box is covered with a surface prepared layer and a lubrication film layer covered thereon, the surface prepared layer should desirably be a porous metallic layer of Hv 50 to 250 having a porosity of 5 to 80% and a thickness of 1 to 30 [mu]m, and the lubrication film layer is formed of a solid lubrication film or a liquid lubrication film not containing substantially heavy metal powder, and the total of the thicknesses of the surface prepared layer and the lubrication film layer is 100 [mu]m or less.

Description

Screw joint for steel pipe
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of screw joint for steel pipe, described steel pipe is applicable to the connection oil well pipe, and this pipe for oil well use is drilled in oil well.More specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of Guan Gangyong inipple, described inipple need not use the compound grease that contains the heavy metal powder, and it was finished before each fastening usually preventing wearing and tearing, and had good antiwear property and rustless property.
Background technique
Oil well pipe connects by screw joint for steel pipe, and described oil well pipe is the steel pipe that is used for the oil well probing, and described inipple has the pin-and-hole structure, and this structure comprises pin and hole, and described pin has outside thread, and described hole has internal thread.As shown in Figure 1, outside thread 3A is located on the external peripheral surface at steel pipe A two ends usually to form pin 1; Internal thread 3B is located at the both sides of the inner circumferential surface of independent adapter piece, forms hole 2, and described independent joint has the shape that thimble tube connects B.Be in when as shown in Figure 1, steel pipe A carries and connect the state that B at first is connected with an end.
Screw joint for steel pipe bears axial tensile force, this axial tensile force by the weight of steel pipe be connected and compounding pressure produces, described compounding pressure comprises underground external and internal pressure, inipple also bears underground heat, therefore require inipple to keep tightness (sealability), it is not damaged in above-mentioned environment.In addition, reduce in the process of oil well pipe, often exist the joint of fastening to unclamp then the situation of fastening again.Therefore, according to API (American Petroleum Institute) standard, even fastening and unclamping for sleeve joint takes place ten times, take place for the casting joint under three times the situation, expectation wearing and tearing do not occur and keeps tightness, and described casting joint has bigger diameter.
In recent years, for improving tightness, brought into use special inipple, described inipple can carry out metal and intermetallic sealing, in this type inipple, as shown in Figure 2, non-threaded Metal Contact part 4A and 4B are located at the terminal of pin 1 and the inside in hole 2 respectively, described pin 1 has male thread portion 3A, and described hole 2 has corresponding female thread portion 3B.In tightening state as shown in Figure 2, helical thread portion 3A or 3B and non-threaded Metal Contact part 4A or 4B form the surface of contact in pin 1 or hole 2.The non-threaded Metal Contact face 4A in pin 1 and hole 2 and 4B formation metal are to intermetallic hermetic unit and help improving tightness.
In the above-mentioned inipple that can carry out the sealing of metal and intermetallic, use to be called the efficient liquid lubricating grease of complex grease to prevent the wearing and tearing of the wearing and tearing of surface of contact, particularly non-threaded contact segment.Described lubricating grease is applied at least one of them surface of contact of pin and hole before fastening.Yet this lubricating grease contains a large amount of harmful heavy metal powder, and the lubricating grease that is extruded into periphery with washing agent during to fastening is when cleaning, and complex grease and washing agent flow in ocean or the soil and bring environmental pollution, and this problem has begun to consider.In addition, the repeated use problem of lubricating grease has reduced working efficiency before cleaning problem and the each fastening.
As the screw joint for steel pipe that does not need to use complex grease, JP-A08-103724, JP-A08-233163, JP-A08-233164, disclosed inipple with JP-A09-72467, wherein helical thread portion and at least one of them non-threaded Metal Contact part (that is, surface of contact) of pin and hole applied solid lubricant coating, described solid lubricant coating comprises as the resin of tackiness agent and is used as the molybdenum disulfide or the tungsten disulfide of solid lubricant.
For improving the cohesiveencess between solid lubricant coating and the base steel, above-mentioned Japanese patent application has disclosed the mixture that forms manganese phosphate chemical conversion coating or nitride layer and manganese phosphate, or provide and have the surface of contact that maximum radius is 5～40 microns a surface imperfection, be used for solid lubricant coating as undercoat.
Disclosed the formation of nitride layer, iron or ferro-alloy electrodeposited coating and solid lubricant coating among the patent JP-A08-105582, described solid lubricant coating is used for the inipple of oil well pipe and is made by the stainless steel that is covering at least 10% chromium.
In the crude oil probing, dark oil well increases, it is common that the serviceability temperature of oil well pipe reaches 150～250 ℃, yet, conventional screw joint for steel pipe does not have good wear-resistant mill performance when using complex grease, described inipple can carry out the sealing of metal and intermetallic and not need using complex grease by form solid lubricant coating on surface of contact, and when fastening with unclamp when repeating seldom several times, may occur because the wearing and tearing of the generation that rubs.In addition, if this inipple remains on high temperature, solid lubricant coating comes off easily, and anti-wear weak effect.The described three layers of coating of patent JP-A08-105582 have complicated processing procedure and become expensive, and in addition, between stainless steel base and iron-based are electroplated electrolytic corrosion can take place, and can cause corrosion resistance to worsen.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of screw joint for steel pipe, described inipple can carry out sealing between metal-metal, and has good abrasion resistance, even inipple is to be made by High Chrome Steel, described High Chrome Steel is the material responsive relatively to wearing and tearing, when described inipple is used under the hot environment crude oil probing such as dark oil well, the repetition fastening be can prevent and the generation and the bubble-tight reduction of time wearing and tearing unclamped, and do not use the liquid grease that contains heavy metal powder, as complex grease.
Summary of the invention
In the past, the method that strengthens the close-burning measure of solid lubricant coating and be by processing or applying phosphate or similar substance makes the matrix surface roughening.Yet owing to have surface of contact clearly between solid lubricant coating and the matrix, there is narrow limitation in the cohesiveencess that improves solid lubricant coating, and the cohesiveencess of described solid lubricant coating depends on the irregular fixation of its matrix surface.Especially, at the high temperature more than 200 ℃ or 200 ℃, because the thermal expansion degree of the resin of solid lubricant coating and base steel is different, the surface of contact of solid cladding and base steel is easy to take place obscission, and this can cause abrasion resistance to reduce.
Among the present invention, form undercoat, make the solid lubricant coating porous to whole undercoat and eliminated above-mentioned clear surface of contact by porous metals.Form solid lubricant coating on the porous metals undercoat and guaranteed solid lubricant coating even at high temperature good cohesiveencess, and obtain good abrasion resistance.When the liquid lubrication coating forms the replacement solid lubricant coating, can obtain good abrasion resistance equally.
The present invention is a kind of screw joint for steel pipe, comprising: pin and hole, and each all has surface of contact, and described surface of contact comprises helical thread portion and non-threaded contact segment; It is characterized in that: pin and one of them surface of contact of hole are covered with the metal bottom coating at least, with lubricant coating formed thereon, undercoat has the voids of 5-80% and the thickness of 1-30 micron, lubricant coating comprises solid lubricant coating or the liquid lubrication coating that does not contain the heavy metal powder, and the total thickness of undercoat and lubricant coating is 100 microns to the maximum.Undercoat preferably has the hardness of 50-250Hv.
Description of drawings
The view of inipple and steel pipe typical case assembling when Fig. 1 is the conveying of explanation steel pipe;
Fig. 2 is the view of the typical linking portion of explanation screw joint for steel pipe;
Fig. 3 (a) and (b) be the explanation view of explanation according to the typical structure of screw joint for steel pipe undercoat of the present invention and lubricant coating, Fig. 3 (a) illustrates the situation by the undercoat that disperses electroplated coating to form, and Fig. 3 (b) illustrates the situation that forms undercoat by air blast painting method or jet of flame method.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 2, screw joint for steel pipe according to the present invention is formed by pin and hole, and each all has helical thread portion and non-threaded part.That is, pin 1 has helical thread portion 3A and non-threaded Metal Contact part 4A, and hole 2 has helical thread portion 3B and non-threaded Metal Contact part 4B.Normally, as shown in the figure, pin 1 is located on the external peripheral surface of steel pipe end, and hole 2 is located on the inner circumferential surface of connection.
The helical thread portion and the non-threaded Metal Contact in pin and hole partly are the surface of contact of inipple.Require these surface of contact and particularly non-threaded Metal Contact mask that abrasion resistance and tightness are arranged, described surface of contact forms between metal-metal and seals.
According to the present invention, the lubricant coating on porous metals undercoat and its is located on one of them the surface of contact of pin and hole at least, and described lubricant coating is solid lubricant coating or liquid lubrication coating, and the liquid lubrication coating does not contain the heavy metal powder in fact.Like this, the contact surface of inipple has obtained desired performance, and does not use complex grease, and described performance even also can show effectively in hot environment.This effect can realize by handle one of them surface of contact of pin and hole at least with said method.When handling the surface of contact of an element only, handle to be formed on being easier to than the surface of contact time ratio on the short element, that is, connect on (the normally surface in hole), but also be possible being arranged on that surface of contact on the steel pipe handles.Certainly, the surface of contact in pin and hole all can be handled.
In inipple of the present invention, the material of lubricant coating infilters in the hole of porous undercoat and with the hole and is full of, and described material is upper strata (for simplicity hereinafter referred to as an oiling agent), and lubricant coating effectively is fastened on the undercoat.On the other hand, undercoat is a metal, therefore, with the steel base that also is metal very strong bonding is arranged.Like this, the bonding of lubricant coating and steel base is strengthened greatly, and to wearing and tearing generation play prevent the effect.In addition, both made lubricant coating because wearing and tearing or breaking-up are destroyed, and perhaps because local compression raises it had been depleted, the oiling agent that is penetrated into undercoat supplies to the surface of undercoat, therefore, can avoid the appearance of wearing and tearing.Therefore, screw joint for steel pipe obtains fabulous abrasion resistance.
For obtaining above-mentioned effect, undercoat is made by the porous coating with 5-80% porosity ratio, if the porosity ratio of undercoat is lower than 5%, the amounts of lubrication that is kept in the undercoat hole by infiltration is few, and oiling agent underfeed under the condition of high voltage can be worn and torn.On the other hand, if the porosity ratio of undercoat surpasses 80%, the strength deficiency of undercoat, undercoat deforms during fastening, wearing and tearing can occur.The porosity ratio of undercoat is 10-70% preferably, and 10-50% more preferably.
Among the present invention, the porosity measurement of undercoat utilizes the fixed area at the center of optical microscope by observing the vertical cross sections of undercoat to realize, calculates the shared ratio in hole, obtains the mean in 5 visuals field then.
Among the present invention, undercoat is a metal, and softer than phosphate overlay film, the hardness of metal bottom coating is preferably Vickers hardness (Hv) 50-250, if hardness is lower than 50Hv, the wearing and tearing of undercoat were accelerated when inipple was fastening, when fastening with unclamp when taking place several times the situation that can occur wearing and tearing.If the hardness of undercoat surpasses 250Hv, coating is too hard, may abrade pin or hole when fastening, and abrasion resistance reduces like this.
As long as can form porous metal coating, the generation type of undercoat there is not special restriction with 5-80% porosity ratio.Above-mentioned coating can form by the method for following plating or coating, for example:
(1) electro-plating method: electroplate and to carry out in containing the electroplate liquid of disperse particles, described disperse particles can be removed subsequently, and when electroplate liquid is stirred the particulate uniformly dispersing that makes in the solution and opens, contains electroplated coating (dispersion electroplated coating) formation of disperse particles.Used particulate may be such as PTFE (teflon) polymer powder or iron powder, but it is not limited to above-mentioned material.Usually preferred particulate average diameter is about 5 microns.
Then, dispersed microparticles is removed from the dispersion electroplated coating that obtains.When disperse particles was polymer powder, disperse particles removed the mode of particulate gasification by burning and heating.When particulate is iron powder, remove by the method for pickling.Like this, except that the position at disperse particles place, the path that overflow path during the particulate gasification or pickling solution infiltrate becomes hole, forms the porous electroplated coating.The porosity ratio of described electroplated coating can be adjusted by the quantity of the disperse particles in the electroplate liquid.
The situation in the hole that forms on undercoat by said method is shown in Fig. 3 (a).As shown in the figure, when forming lubricant coating on undercoat, the material of a part of lubricant coating (oiling agent) infilters hole, and undercoat can keep oiling agent like this.
(2) method of air blast painting method or jet of flame
The air blast cladding process is solid particle (air blast particulate) and the surperficial method of clashing into of be coated with.Flame spraying is with metal molten and blow off and be based upon lip-deep method by combustion flame or arc etc.Another kind of situation, the coating particulate by tiling gather formation, shown in Fig. 3 (b), form the porous coating that keeps the hole between particulate.Like this, oiling agent keeps in the hole that is formed by these holes.
Disclosed as JP-B59-9312, for example, the air blast painting method can be by realizing that as the air blast particulate described particulate has iron or the ferro-alloy core body that is covered with zinc or zinc alloy with a kind of particulate.Like this, the zinc of air blast microparticle surfaces or zinc alloy adhere to coated surface, and form the porous coating of being made by zinc or zinc alloy.
JP-A62-258283 has described above-mentioned air blast coating and can form on the surface of inipple, and described inipple is used for oil well pipe, and this technology is with the prerequisite that is applied as of complex grease, and described compounded lubricant contains a large amount of heavy metal particles.Be should the be used for assurance of abrasion resistance by compounded lubricant.
Flame spraying is well-known.In addition to the above methods, such as all being known as the whole bag of tricks of thermal source with the energy of plasma or blast.As long as can form the coating with the porosity ratio in the institute of the present invention limited range, above-mentioned arbitrary method all can be used.Flame spraying can be used for nearly all metal and alloy.
The porosity ratio of the porous coating that forms by said method can be controlled by the blast velocity of mean particle dia and air blast particulate in the air blast painting method.For the jet of flame method, the porosity ratio of coating depends on the metal particle diameter and the jet of flame speed of jet of flame equally.These can be by regulating such as factors such as specific gas flow rate, temperature and jet of flame environment.
Metallic material to undercoat is not particularly limited, but preferably uses the metal or alloy of the wear resistance that can improve petroleum pipeline.If undercoat is made by the metal with good corrosion resistance, even this coating is a porous, hole is full of by the material of lubricant coating, and therefore, undercoat can effectively be protected inipple, and good wear resistance can give by undercoat.
Preferred material as undercoat is zinc or zinc alloy, described zinc or zinc alloy are the matrixes right with iron phase, it has good wear resistance, because it has good corrosion resistance, also can be metal such as Ni, Sn, Cr, Al, Co, and precious metal (Au, Ag, Pd etc.) and their alloy itself that have good wear resistance.
The thickness of undercoat is the 1-30 micron.If thickness is lower than 1 micron, the amount of the oiling agent that undercoat holds is few, and the abrasion resistance ability is poor.If the thickness of undercoat surpasses 30 microns, its intensity can reduce, and during fastening, the surface of contact generation disbonding of oil well pipe base steel and undercoat.The thickness of undercoat is the 5-15 micron preferably.
What form on the above-mentioned porous metals undercoat is the liquid or solid lubricant coating.The liquid lubrication layer may be the material that resembles conventional lubrication oil, but does not use the complex grease that contains plurality of heavy metal.Solid lubricant coating is a kind of solid lubricant powder and the bonding coating of suitable bonding, if required, described solid lubricant coating can form through the mode of heating, drying by using the liquid coating composition, and described liquid coating composition is to be dissolved in the suitable solvent by tackiness agent to form.
Use the liquid or solid lubricant coating, used fluent material partly infiltered in the hole of undercoat when coating formed, and oiling agent is full of and is contained in undercoat.Like this, by the strong bond of lubricant coating and undercoat with by oiling agent under high pressure is provided, described oiling agent penetrates into undercoat, obtains good wear resistance and does not use the compounded lubricant that contains heavy metal.
Maximum 100 microns of the total thickness of undercoat and top lubricant coating.If total thickness surpasses 100 microns, used pressure raises during fastening, and weares and teares.Preferably maximum 80 microns of total thickness.
The liquid lubrication coating can be made by the oil that is used to lubricate, such as mineral oil, synthesizing ester oil, animal or plant wet goods.One or more are used for lubricated oil additive can add above-mentioned oil, described additive such as rust-inhibiting additive or extreme pressure additive.When above-mentioned additive itself was liquid, additive itself can be used for making of liquid lubrication coating.
The organic acid alkali metal salt can be used as rust-inhibiting additive, such as alkali metal sulfonate, and alkali metal phenolate and alkali metal carboxylate.These are generally liquid condition, and therefore, they itself can be used for the formation of lubricant coating.As extreme pressure additive, can use such as following any material, described material comprises the material and the metal salts of organic acids of sulfur-bearing, phosphorus or chlorine.For increasing the coating thickness of used oil, can add fiber, resin or the inorganic compound etc. of fine powder, polymer.In the above-mentioned substance, preferably use a kind of oil, described oil contains the organic acid alkali metal salt and adds the organic zinc compound of mixture and any one or two kinds in the resin fine powder as extreme pressure, or only uses the organic acid alkali metal salt.Preferred organic acid alkali metal salt is an alkali metal sulfonate.
As the solid lubricant that is used for solid lubricant coating, can use metal chalcogenide (lead oxide, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, selenizing tungsten etc.), graphite, boron nitride, PTFE etc.As tackiness agent, use organic resin (such as epoxy resin, acrylic acid, phenolic plastic, polyamide, polyamidoimide or other resin) or inorganic film forming compound (such as silicate or phosphate).In addition, organometallic compound (such as alkoxytitanium or other metal alkoxides) can be used as Bond, and described organometallic compound can form metallic oxide type inorganic coating (such as the titanium oxide coating) by the molten-method of coagulating.Solid lubricant coating can be made by multiple known method, but uses the liquid coating composition usually, then heating.
Example
By example the present invention is further described.
Shown in table 2 (making of undercoat and lubricant coating), surface treatment is at inipple (outer diameter of steel pipes: 7 inches (177.8mm), wall thickness: 0.4 inch (10.16mm)) carry out on pin and hole or the surface of contact of one of them (being helical thread portion and non-threaded Metal Contact part), described inipple has the ability that seals between metal-metal.Joint is made by carbon steel (A), 13% chromium steel (B), 13% chromium stainless steel (C) or high alloy steel (D) (with the easier appearance of D wearing and tearing, becoming more difficult successively with C, B and A wearing and tearing), and described steel has the composition shown in the table 1.As shown in table 1, pin is located at the outer surface at pipe two ends, and the hole is located at the interior perimeter surface at the two ends of connection.
In the method for making of the undercoat shown in the table 2, jet of flame realizes that with the plasma torch spraying equipment described jet of flame is finished with Cu.Thin Cu powder quickens with Ar gas, and described Ar gas is used as carrier, and clashes into surface of contact and form coating thereon with molten state.The flow rate of Ar gas changes, and the control liquid particulate to the striking velocity of matrix (hole surface of contact) to adjust the porosity ratio of gained coating.
The air blast coating utilizes the air blast particulate to realize, described air blast coating realizes that with zinc described air blast particulate has iron core, and this iron core is covered with zinc (zinc-iron that Japanese Dowa iron powder factory produces).The diameter of control air blast particulate and blast velocity are to adjust the porosity ratio (porosity ratio raises with the increase of mean particle dia and the reduction of blast velocity) of gained coating.
Electroplate and use the standard electric plating bath to be used for every kind of metal, described plating utilizes Ni, Au, Sn and Cu to realize that the fine powder of organic resin adds described electroplate liquid.When stirring electroplate liquid, plating is carried out on the surface of contact of the internal surface in hole, and forms electroplated coating thereon, and described electroplated coating contains and disperses thin toner.Prevent the deposition of hole outer surface plated metal by outer sealing surface.Then, the hole is heated to 600 ℃ and makes organic substance burning and evaporation and form the hole on electroplated coating in air.Porosity ratio is controlled by the amount of resin that joins in the electroplate liquid.
Be convenient contrast, traditional undercoat also is prepared, and described undercoat is handled by nitriding and manganese phosphate chemical reversion and made.
The thickness of undercoat and porosity ratio optical microscope measuring.For determining porosity ratio, helical thread portion is divided into about five moieties in the vertical, observe undercoat cross-section center position with optical microscope (500X), described undercoat is located on the screw thread of each helical thread portion, the area percentage that measuring hole is shared, and with the mean of the hole area percentage of five parts as porosity ratio.The hardness of undercoat (Hv) is measured with the Vickers hardness detector.
In the lubricant coating, the liquid lubrication layer is mineral oil or is alkali metal sulfonate (in the table 2 " sulfonate "), adds alkali metal sulfonate (radix with 200mg/g) precipitated calcium phosphate and the compound extreme pressure additive of a spot of organic zinc (" oil+sulfonate " in the table 2) of mass percent about 50% in the described mineral oil.With brush fluid lubricant is applied on the undercoat, to form the liquid lubrication coating.Thickness mainly according to the viscosity of fluid lubricant, therefore in some cases, adds the phenolic resin powder as water-thickening agent.
For solid lubricant coating, molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2) powder or plumbago be added into as solid lubricant, described molybdenum disulphide powder has about 15 microns average particle diameter, and described plumbago has about 1 micron average particle diameter.To tackiness agent, phenolic resin, polyamide-imide resin or polyamide resin all can be used as organic resin and use.As the Bond that can form inorganic coating, use alkoxytitanium (four different third titanium oxide).When heating, alkoxytitanium forms the inorganic titanium oxide coating with concentrating by hydrolysis in air.
Solid lubricant is made by using liquid constituent, and described liquid constituent comprises binder solution, and the solid lubricant powder spread out with brush on undercoat in this solution, subsequently heat drying.Heating-up temperature depends on tackiness agent, and about 230 ℃ be used for phenolic resin, and about 260 ℃ are used for polyamide-imide resin, and about 260 ℃ are used for polyamide resin and about 150 ℃ and are used for alkoxytitanium.
The thickness of liquid or solid lubricant coating is measured by observing its cross section with optical microscope (100X).
Use comprises the inipple in pin and hole, fastening and to unclamp test be 10 rev/mins in fastening speed, and the fastening torque is to carry out ten times under 103340ft-lbs (14019N-m) condition, described inipple has undercoat and the lubricating layer that said method is made.When wearing and tearing occurring in the test, do fasteningly next time after the surface regulated and repair again, but test stops on such point, if wearing and tearing be serious with can recover, thereby even surface modulation or unclamp and can not fastening can not carry out.Wear resistance depends on fastening when causing expendable wearing and tearing to occur and the number that unclamps.
When using pin and hole, handle with the same manner in described pin and hole, and fastening is finished under these conditions, and the fastening joint kept 100 hours under 250 ℃ of conditions.Pressed joint under above-mentioned high temperature condition subsequently, joint unclamp to be handled (undercoat+lubricating layer) state with surfacial spalling and can observe truly.
Above-mentioned measurement and result of experiment are as shown in table 2.
Table 1
Steel Composition of steel (mass percent, aequum: Fe)
?C ?Si ?Mn ?Cr ?Ni ?Mo
?A ?0.24 ?0.3 ?1.3 ?0.17 ?0.007 ?0.04
?B ?0.19 ?0.2 ?0.8 ?12.5 ?0.1 ?0.05
?C ?0.01 ?0.25 ?0.5 ?12 ?6 ?2
?D ?0.01 ?0.3 ?0.5 ?25 ?50 ?6.48
Table 2
(note) Mat.=material, Por.=porosity ratio, Hv=hardness (Hv), μ m=thickness (μ m)
Method: painting method; The F.S.=jet of flame, the Blast=air blast applies,
Elect.=electroplates
Components (composition of lubricant coating); Phenolic=phenolic resin, the PAI=polyamidoimide,
The PA=polyamide, TiAlk=alkoxytitanium, oil=mineral oil
* outside the scope of the present invention
By table 2 as seen, all has good wear resistance according to screw joint for steel pipe of the present invention.Especially, the hardness of undercoat is in inipple in the scope of preferred 50-250 can be fastening and unclamp at least ten times, and its wear resistance is very good.In addition, after 250 ℃ tightening states compress 100 hours, carry out unclamp operation, do not see the disbonding phenomenon, even so the cohesive force aspect no problem under high temperature condition.So, even in high-temperature oil well, also can show enough wear resistances.
By contrast, in Comparative Examples, if undercoat is not a porous, if or its be porous but its thickness is less, the effect that improves wear resistance by the porous undercoat can not obtain, wear resistance reduces greatly.When the porosity ratio of porous undercoat is too high, or its thickness is too big, or the total thickness of undercoat and lubricating layer is when too big, and wear resistance also can reduce.In addition, when undercoat is manganese phosphate coating, the cohesive force deficiency of lubricant coating, therefore, lubricant coating peels off after compressing under the high temperature condition.
Industrial usability
According to the present invention, a kind of screw joint for steel pipe is provided, it has relatively low cost, described screw joint for steel pipe has good wear resistance, fastening and when unclamping when repeatability, appearance and the bubble-tight reduction of its wear resistance energy wear prevention, and even probing reaches above-mentioned advantage during crude oil in hot environment, even and nipple is to be made by high Cr steel, a kind of material relatively responsive to friction and do not use the fluid lubricant that contains the heavy metal powder such as complex grease, described high chrome.

Claims (6)

1. a screw joint for steel pipe comprises the pin and the hole that all have surface of contact, and described surface of contact comprises helical thread portion and non-threaded part;
It is characterized in that, at least pin and one of them surface of contact of hole be coated with the metal bottom coating with its on lubricant coating, undercoat has the voids of 5-80% and the thickness of 1-30 micron, lubricant coating comprises solid lubricant coating or liquid lubrication coating, the latter is not contained the heavy metal powder in fact, and the total thickness of undercoat and lubricant coating mostly is 100 microns most.
2. screw joint for steel pipe according to claim 1, wherein undercoat has the hardness of 50-250Hv.
3. screw joint for steel pipe according to claim 1 and 2, wherein undercoat is made by plating, air blast coating or jet of flame.
4. screw joint for steel pipe according to claim 1 and 2, wherein undercoat is made of metal, and this metal is from Zn, Cu, Ni, Sn, Cr, selects in Al, Co, precious metal and their alloy.
5. screw joint for steel pipe according to claim 1 and 2, wherein lubricant coating is the liquid lubrication coating, this liquid lubrication coating mainly is made of the organic acid alkali metal salt or comprises the organic acid alkali metal salt.
6. screw joint for steel pipe according to claim 1 and 2, wherein lubricant coating comprises solid lubricant and Bond, this Bond can be made the organic or inorganic coating.
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MY139542A (en) 2009-10-30
US20040195825A1 (en) 2004-10-07

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