CN1528989A

CN1528989A - Fresh water supply method for rainwater and groundwater resource

Info

Publication number: CN1528989A
Application number: CNA031443788A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 安逢龙
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2003-09-26
Filing date: 2003-09-26
Publication date: 2004-09-15
Anticipated expiration: 2023-09-26
Also published as: CN1249309C

Abstract

The invention refers to plain water supplying method for rain water and ground water resources; it selects a impounded area, and rig flooding well from one to one hundred of millions on the area, there sets a filter at the water entrance of the well; when meeting with moderate rain or heavy rain, storm rainfall or supergiant storm rainfall, the rain water is poured into the well through the filter directly, and afflux into ground water, thus the water impounded area will has rich ground water. The rain water turns into ground water, and the ground water is turned into plain water. The ground water can be used for edible water through simple process, or uses hyperfiltration technology to decrease the salinity of ground water. And it can supply plain water in drought years. The cost of ground is decreased, and the price of ground water can be decreased from 5-10 yuan per ton to 2-4 yuan per ton.

Description

The water supply method of rainwater groundwater resourcesization

Technical field

The invention provides a kind of water supply method, particularly provide a kind of, can stablize the method that provides sweet water by the rainwater groundwater resourcesization.

Background technology

According to The Statistics, the countries and regions of the world's three molecule the last one lack fresh water, wherein about 30% regional fresh water in short supply.And this situation is just along with the development of economic society is increasingly serious.Available freshwater resources are that socio-economic development is requisite.Being limited in of water supply directly restricting a lot of areas, the world and national development in varying degrees.According to investigations, China's groundwater use amount accounts for 16% of national water resource utilization at present, and about 1400 many places of the central water supply water head site of exploration and evaluation have wherein been exploited nearly 1000 places, nearly 1 billion cubic meter of daily production.Rely on the city of groundwater supply to reach more than 400, account for 60% of National urban sum.Expectation is in 21 century, and the outstanding area of China's freshwater resources imbalance between supply and demand is still North China, northwest, area, south, Liaozhong and part coastal cities.Ministry of Land and Resources has started the work of new round Evaluation of Groundwater Resources at the beginning of calendar year 2001, serves as to estimate emphasis with northwest and water deficient regions, North China, has carried out evaluation of groundwater resources total amount and groundwater environmental quality evaluation.New round evaluation result shows: national natural resources of groundwater amount is average out to 9235 billion cubic meters for many years, and the average for many years allowable exploitation of fresh groundwater is 3527 billion cubic meters, all increases to some extent than last evaluation result.Exceed for many years on average can the amount of adopting 335.62 hundred million m for Hebei shallow-layer and deep phreatic water yield accumulative total in the period of the 1994-1999 6 ³, accumulative total exceeds Plain shallow-layer stock number and deep layer stock number 555.3 hundred million m ³

At present the water supply method comprises following several: 1. supply naturally, the river by nature, lake, glacier, underground water through flocculation sediment, simple and mechanical filtration, suitably the sterilization back for people's life, produce in utilization.Also can be on the glacier without elaborate formalities, (through fusing) directly utilizes; 2. semi-natural supply, by artificial ponding, as to hold rainwater be surface water; 3. the combination of nature and semi-natural method of supplying; 4. manually produce fresh water, comprise the deep level of processing of seawater and brackish water desalination, high pollution water etc.Comprising technology such as reverse osmosis (RO), way of distillation MSF, MED, VC etc., electrodialysis; 5. nature and artificial method of producing fresh water organically combine the high-level pure water of supply.

In the natural and semi-natural method of supplying, substantially the difference that does not have chemical compound between water body originally and the last fresh water that utilizes, be except that hazardous substancess such as the suspension in anhydrating, bacteriums, so that help line transportation and supply people to drink by various simple process modes.Natural conditions are depended on to a great extent in conjunction with the water yield and the water quality of the method supply of supplying water in natural and semi-natural method and they, as factors such as precipitation, the face of land, weather, ground environments.Very inhomogeneous when dry year or precipitation that amount of precipitation is less with season distribution, all may cause the water supply anxiety.The water quality situation is subjected to the pollution problem that natural environment and social industrial development bring easily.Even the surface water that has can't directly be drunk at all.This situation is especially outstanding in the flourishing city of industry.

And in the mode of artificial production fresh water, not only remove hazardous substancess such as suspension, bacterium, and raw water and the last chemical compound that supplies water have very big difference.The salt that mainly is product water reduces much than raw water, comprising a lot of hazardous substancess that influence human health.The artificial fresh water of producing comprises the deep level of processing of seawater and brackish water desalination, high pollution water etc., comprising The Application of Technology cost of water treatment such as reverse osmosis (RO), way of distillation MSF, MED, VC etc., electrodialysis than higher.Such as the more cheap extensive reverse osmosis seawater desalting ton fresh water production cost of cost more than 5 yuan, if poor this numerical value so of seawater quality will rise to 6-7 unit.Artificial another shortcoming of producing the method for fresh water is that the water yield that can supply is subjected to the influence of cost economy and quite limited, though its water quality is higher, can satisfy the application of the demand and the special industry purposes of various high-level life styles.

The phreatic way of exhaustive exploitation causes a series of ecological environment problems such as land subsidence, inwelling simultaneously.Present global water shortage problem mainly is scientific problem of perception.Liaoning Province dynamic water resource seminar thinks by research, and our water shortage problem of facing now is that human scientific law to water resource lacks understanding and causes.1,781 hundred million tons of the average for many years precipitation total amounts in Haihe River, basin, the Luanhe River; On average having only 28,800,000,000 tons for many years and form traditional surface water resources, is 16.2% of precipitation total amount, evaporate and the amount that flows into the sea up to 84%.Phreatic source is a part of from Atmospheric precipitation, but needs 10～15 days time just can permeate the ground at least.Therefore under field conditions (factors), rainwater can only play a spot of supplementary function, though underground water is reproducible, also is limited, is not inexhaustible.Yet, precipitation is the clean freshwater resources that drop on the soil of our underfooting, can not, cause the huge waste of natural resources? if such water effectively utilize if we have had the technology that precipitation is directly developed, we just can solve water shortage problem substantially.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the water supply deficiency, make rainwater become the resource that people can effectively utilize simultaneously, the invention provides a kind of water supply method of brand-new rainwater groundwater resourcesization.

Area, similar North China, annual rainfall are not a lot, but do not belong to few especially area yet.The distribution of its annual rainfall is very inhomogeneous.The 4-6 monthly total precipitation of demand maximum only accounts for about 30% in the predominant use agricultural irrigation aspect of freshwater resources 1 year, and less 7-9 month of demand accounts for about 60%, and mostly with the form of heavy rain, heavy rain even extra torrential rain.On the one hand, fresh water is in short supply in the most of the time section throughout the year, have a strong impact on the needs of social development and people life, but on the other hand, the only a few time period in 1 year, or even the not only temporary transient head and shoulders above people's needs of large-scale rainfall within these few days, and a torrential rain brings floods, as flood, waterlogging.Almost annual flood control investment that need be huge is also kept away the tremendous economic loss that unavoidable flood brings.

Above-mentioned this class area generally is positioned at the plains region, and the influence that is subjected to geographical environment is difficult to build the reservoir of suitable scale, carries out effective retaining and allotment.But groundwater resources are very poor, and underground very jumbo " groundwater reservoir " arranged, and can hold the very huge fresh water savings of scale.

Technical scheme of the present invention is: select a retaining area, make a call to 1-100,000,000 water injection well on this area, connect filter at the water inlet place of water injection well; Rainwater directly is injected in the water injection well through filter when these areas run into moderate rain, heavy rain, heavy rain even extra torrential rain, and compiling becomes water table, makes the retaining area enjoy abundant underground water throughout the year.Be that rainwater is transferred to underground water, underground water is transformed into fresh water again.Near this retaining area, set up pumping system.Draw water and to be applied directly to the applications such as irrigation in farmland.

When needs use the fresh water of certain standard, can design connection fresh water treatment system in the pumping system back.The fresh water treatment system be will draw underground water handle the method that provides sweet water through sand filtration, nanofiltration or reverse osmosis, the precision of sand filtration is the 0.01-0.3 millimeter, it is 30-99.9% that salt rejection rate is adopted in nanofiltration or counter-infiltration, with chlorine or chlorine dioxide as disinfectant.

The retaining area can be chosen in not serious field of environment pollution or meadow etc., also can be located at pool oil circuit limit, also can be located at urban road limit and building and be beneficial to the area of collecting and injecting clean rainwater on every side; An independent place can be selected in above-mentioned area, also can be that several places are selected simultaneously.Water injection well also can be arranged on the place nearer from the river course, so that maximally utilise the rainwater that flows to the river behind the heavy rain.Can make full use of rainwater in the long period like this, and just can't effectively not work once flowing out as other storing facilities of water rainwater such as fields.

Clear rainwater location of gathering, retaining area, a large amount of facility and connected water injection wells of collecting rainwater of building, through means such as sand filtration, micro-filtration, ultrafiltration remove be injected into behind the impurity such as suspension, bacterium underground.

The degree of depth of water injection well can arrive shallow-layer or deep layer underground (water layer) deeply according to local concrete condition, is beneficial to collection and injects clean rainwater; The inlet calibre of general water injection well is that 20-500mm, well depth 2-100m, bottom width can have water injection well that 20-50000mm expands in various degree to help improving the stifled ability of anti-soil of waterflood injection rate and well.Preferably bore 100-300mm, well depth 10-50m, shaft bottom width 200-2000mm and be positioned at the water injection well of sandy strata.

The processing of rainwater can have different processing modes according to contaminated situation.In general, the water quality of rainwater itself is all well and good.The condensation situation of steam is basic identical in situation when raindrop generate in atmosphere and the general desalination by distillation mode.Absorb airborne pollutant in the process of landing in various degree, its impurity content 5-200ppm does not wait and atmosphere pollution and amount of precipitation have very big relation during actual falling to the ground.Major part is airborne suspension, removes with simple method than being easier to.But any is arranged is sure, that be exactly its be cleaner fresh water generally, in most of the cases match in excellence or beauty with distilled water.

If it is contaminated that this water reserve does not have substantially, and collect before not forming the torrent of flood, rainwater just can be injected to underground water by water injection well through simple sand filtration so.The present invention preferably adopts this pattern, to reduce the rainwater processing cost.Or, handle through the degerming micro-filtration again and be injected to underground water by water injection well through simple sand filtration.

If it is contaminated that this water reserve does not have substantially, and after the torrent of flood forms, collect, after needing to be provided with core pool so and tentatively clarifying, carry out the sand filtration water filling.Water filling behind the perhaps further micro-filtration.If it is less that a last condition is difficult to amount of rainfall satisfied or that satisfy condition, this processing method can be covered the shortage to a great extent so.

If this water reserve is polluted by appropriateness, micro-filtration (or ultrafiltration) device preferably also is set after the sand filtration so (micro-filtration), remove water filling again behind most of pollutant.

Filtration system be beneficial to the clean rainwater of effective utilization and the convenient sand filtration that recovers filter capacity, sand filtration-micro-filtration and etc. filter, filter area 0.01-10000 square metre, filtering accuracy are the 0.00001-1 millimeter.Preferably filter area is that 0.25-25 square metre, filtering accuracy are the 0.01-0.3 millimeter, and the height level is under the rainwater surface in water inlet.Its structure can be individual layer also can be bilayer or multilayer side by side or series arrangement.

Rainwater directly is injected in the water injection well through filter, and compiling becomes water table; Be the face of land seepage of rainwater, and directly be transformed into underground water by water injection well through artificial sand filtration or quick filtration of sand filtration-micro-filtration without nature.

Water filling can be adopted the nature water filling as the case may be or utilize pump to squeeze into.The method that if possible preferably adopts nature to flow into is with the input that reduces facility such as pump, electric wire and control thereof with reduce the labor management cost.If the method that adopts pump to squeeze into is wanted ancillary facility and service so, also to consider the selection of water reserve.

Generally not in the mountain area water filling, in order to avoid the ejection of the form of spring is surface water.If but the geographical environment and the groundwater condition of there help enforcement of the present invention, can not get rid of in the mountain area and promote.

The rainwater that draws does not preferably form the limpid rainwater before the torrent.The level of the sand filter of nature water flooding regime certainly will be in the level that is lower than the rainwater surface.

General water filling is injected into phreatic water, in order to avoid the pollution of deep phreatic water.

Generally be injected into enough degree of depth, so that the mode that can adopt nature to inject, the water that also can avoid simultaneously injecting is surface water in the another location ejection.

If the phreatic salinity of drawing is not high, below 500ppm, can consider so through directly conduct life domestic fresh water supply after the processing such as simple sand filtration, sterilization.

If salinity is higher, as reach 2000ppm, so preferably adopt nanofiltration, supply after suitably reducing salinity.Certainly, at this time the water quality of fresh water can be obviously good than general tap water.

If the phreatic salinity of drawing very high (more than 5000ppm) so also can be used reverse osmosis process (according to circumstances also can utilize nanofiltration), to satisfy the requirement that fresh water water quality reaches national drinking water standard.

Draw phreatic system and be positioned at underground water pumping system and water treatment system or nanofiltration or desalination by reverse osmosis bitter systems such as filtration, sterilization rich groundwater, inwelling and the not serious area of degree of contamination.The precision of sand filtration is that disinfectants, nanofiltration or counter-infiltrations employing salt rejection rates such as 0.01-0.3 millimeter, sterilization employing chlorine or chlorine dioxide are 30-99.9%.

River replenishes, flood season or downstream water aboundresources or can utilize the water filling of river positive tissue in the upstream area when there is no need to carry the downstream.

The construction of water injection well and draw ground water supply Drinking Water supply engineering and can drop into simultaneously also can separately drop into.Preferably drop into the water injection well construction when separately dropping into earlier, in order to avoid phreatic exhaustive exploitation causes unnecessary eco-environmental impact.If this area's underground water is very abundant, can be subjected to corresponding restriction so, but should be dragged to the groundwater resources wretched insufficiency and causes dropping into water injection well and water storage project again after relevant ecological or the environmental consequence.

The invention has the advantages that:

1. the high-quality fresh water of economic supply.

2. be subjected to natural precipitation condition effect degree low.

3. be subjected to the inhomogeneous influence that causes of seasonal precipitation few.

4. reduce a series of ecological environment problems such as land subsidence, inwelling.

5. able to resisting flood and drought function.

6. fully rationally utilize phreatic groundwater reservoir function.

7. the brand-new water supply mode of utilizing nature, nature and artificial production water supply to organically combine.

But,, have high input in advance, but lack than general investment on water conservancy if the present invention implements; Belong to shared investment, if relevant policies do not catch up with, a little less than the investment appeal to company.

Can select directly to supply the city after underground water is extracted out and drink life water, or provide sweet water after adopting nanofiltration (counter-infiltration) to wait other desalination technology suitably to reduce the salinity of water through simple process.So, prevent flood basically, solve simultaneously effectively the serious problem that disconnects of water demand and amount of precipitation, and, also can stablize in the time of arid and to provide sweet water.Phreatic cost also significantly reduces, and the fresh water price of supply can drop to 2-4 unit/ton from original 5-10 unit/ton.Effectively replenish underground water, obtain significant ecology, society, economy, environmental benefit.

The specific embodiment

Embodiment 1:

District's about 1000 square kilometres of area (1,000,000,000 square metres) in city, area, a certain coastal plain, concentrate rainfall twice summer, once is 100 millimeters, and another time is 200 millimeters.The total amount of precipitation in area is 3 billion cubic meters.10% leaks into the face of land, and 30% rainwater is for can utilize cleaner rainwater, and wherein 10% (9,000,000 cubes) are controlled and retaining easily.Find the 1% not serious open-air meadow of inwelling of concentrating, build easy ponding field, make a call to more than 100 shallow well that 2-50m rice is dark, bore 20-300mm, shaft bottom width 20-500mm.Rainwater filter the back through easy sand filter because water injection well under strainer and strainer in the rainwater lower face, so need not beat by pump, by the direct water filling of water injection well is underground water, filter area is that 0.01-10 square metre, filtering accuracy are the 0.01-0.3 millimeter, 300 tons of the average water fillings of each well, 30,000 tons of the clean rainwater of annual average re-injection.Build the water factory that supplies 50 tons of fresh water every day, the groundwater pollution degree of drawing is low, salinity also has only 150ppm, handle through simple tap water, the precision of sand filtration is that 0.01-0.3 millimeter, filter area are 1-250 square metre, adopt chlorination, directly supply urban life drinking water is supplied 1.8 ten thousand tons of fresh water every year altogether, has replenished 1.2 ten thousand tons underground water.3000 yuan of every of water injection well investments, totally 30 ten thousand yuan, the life-span was borrowed interest-free loan by 20 years as community installations, amounted to 1.5 ten thousand yuan every year, was 5 jiaos/ton to the contribution of the underground water cost that injects, was 0.83 yuan/ton to the contribution of the fresh water cost of supply.Drawing phreatic cost is 0.5 yuan per ton, and costs such as clarification, filtration, sterilization are about 1 yuan per ton, and the fresh water cost that supply is drunk in life is total up to 2.33 yuan/ton.This cost is far below the tap water cost of the desalinization cost 5-7 unit/ton and the general south water to north.If scale enlarges 100 times, can further reduce the water supply cost so, and can effectively replenish the underground water of undue exploitation, obtain significant ecology, economy, environmental benefit, can reduce simultaneously the pressure of flood control greatly, obviously reduce because the loss that flood causes.

Embodiment 2:

About 10,000 square kilometres an of urban size (10,000,000,000 square metres), area, a certain coastal plain, concentrate rainfall twice summer, once is 100 millimeters, and another time is 200 millimeters.The total amount of precipitation in area is 30 billion cubic meters.Find not serious urban road of inwelling and intercity highway in the neighbourhood, build easy ponding field, make a call to that more than 2000 2-50 rice is dark, bore is the shallow well of 100-300mm, well depth 10-50m, shaft bottom width 200-2000mm.Rainwater is a underground water by the water injection well water filling directly after filtering through easy sand filter, because the sand filter water inlet is in the rainwater lower face, and water injection well is below strainer, so need not pump injects by the gravity of water and the pressure of the interior water column of water injection well, the strainer filter area is that 0.25-9 square metre, filtering accuracy are the 0.005-0.3 millimeter, 300 tons of the average water fillings of each well, 600,000 tons of the clean rainwater of annual re-injection.But the rainwater deficiency of Shou Jiing naturally needs to buy cleaner rainwater by the price of 5 jiaos/ton nearby, as, 200 tons of every average 300 tons of less thaies of water filling are bought polishing.Build the water factory that supplies 1000 tons of fresh water every day, the groundwater pollution degree of drawing is low, salinity also has only 300ppm, handle through simple tap water, as the precision that adopts sand filtration is the 0.01-0.3 millimeter, adopt disinfection by chlorine dioxide, directly supply urban life drinking water is supplied 360,000 tons of fresh water every year altogether, has replenished 240,000 tons underground water.3000 yuan of every of water injection well investments, totally 600 ten thousand yuan, the life-span was borrowed interest-free loan by 20 years as community installations, amounted to 300,000 yuan every year, was 5 jiaos/ton to the contribution of underground water cost, was 0.83 yuan/ton to the contribution of the fresh water cost of supply.Because the part rainwater is to buy with the price of 5 jiaos/ton, is 2/3 * 0.5 ÷ 1+0.83=1.13 unit/ton so the rainwater of water filling becomes phreatic cost.Drawing phreatic cost is 0.5 yuan per ton, and costs such as clarification, filtration, sterilization are about 1 yuan per ton, and the fresh water cost that supply is drunk in life is total up to 2.63 yuan/ton.This cost is far below the tap water cost of the desalinization cost 5-7 unit/ton and the general south water to north.If scale enlarges 100 times, can further reduce the water supply cost so, and can effectively replenish the underground water of undue exploitation, obtain significant ecology, economy, environmental benefit, can reduce simultaneously the pressure of flood control greatly, obviously reduce because the loss that flood causes.

Embodiment 3:

Area, a certain coastal plain about 20,000 square kilometres of area (20,000,000,000 square metres), concentrate rainfall three times summer, respectively is 100 millimeters, 200 millimeters and 150 millimeters at every turn.The total amount of precipitation in area is 90 billion cubic meters.Find the not serious area of inwelling, concentrate to build easy ponding field, make a call to that more than 4000 10-50 rice is dark, bore is that 20-500mm, bottom width are the shallow wells of 200-5000mm.After rainwater filters through easy sand filter, the precision of sand filtration is the 0.005-0.5 millimeter, and the filter area 0.25-16 of sand filter square metre is underground water by the direct water filling of water injection well, average 300 tons of each well water filling, 1,200,000 tons of the clean rainwater of annual average re-injection.But the rainwater deficiency of Shou Jiing needs to buy cleaner rainwater by the price of 5 jiaos/ton nearby naturally, as, 200 tons of 300 tons of less thaies of every water filling are bought polishing.Build the water factory that supplies 2000 tons of fresh water every day, but the low seawater appropriateness of the groundwater pollution degree of drawing is poured in down a chimney, salt content reaches 2000ppm, through simple precipitation, sand filtration, the precision of sand filtration is the 0.01-0.1 millimeter, the sand filter filter area is 2-25 square metre, utilize the nanofiltration membrane treatment of 95% salt rejection rate, reclaim 80%, supply TDS has only the high-quality urban life drinking water of 100ppm after acid adjustment degree, the chlorination, supply 720,000 tons of fresh water every year altogether, replenished 300,000 tons underground water, other has 180,000 tons of dischargings.3000 yuan of every of water injection well investments, totally 1,200 ten thousand yuan, the life-span was borrowed interest-free loan by 20 years as community installations, amounted to 600,000 yuan every year, was 5 jiaos/ton to the contribution of underground water cost, was 0.83 yuan/ton to the contribution of the underground water cost of supply.Because the part rainwater is to buy with the price of 5 jiaos/ton, is 2/3 * 0.5 ÷ 1+0.83=1.13 unit/ton so the rainwater of water filling becomes phreatic cost.Drawing phreatic cost is 0.5 yuan per ton, and costs such as clarification, filtration, nanofiltration, sterilization are about 2.0 yuan per ton, and the fresh water cost that supply is drunk in life is total up to 3.63 yuan/ton.This cost is far below the tap water cost of the desalinization cost 5-7 unit/ton and the general south water to north.If scale enlarges 100 times, can further reduce the water supply cost so, and can effectively replenish the underground water of undue exploitation, obtain significant ecology, economy, environmental benefit, can reduce simultaneously the pressure of flood control greatly, obviously reduce because the loss that flood causes.

Embodiment 4:

Area, a certain coastal plain about 20,000 square kilometres of area (20,000,000,000 square metres), concentrate rainfall four times summer, respectively is 100 millimeters, 200 millimeters, 250 millimeters and 150 millimeters at every turn.The total amount of precipitation in area is 140 billion cubic meters.10% leaks into the face of land, and 30% rainwater is for can utilize cleaner rainwater, and wherein 10% (42,000 ten thousand cubes) are controlled and retaining easily.Find the 1% not serious area of inwelling of concentrating, build easy ponding field, make a call to that more than 4000 10-50 rice is dark, bore is that 20-500mm, bottom width are the shallow wells of 200-8000mm.Rainwater filters the natural water injection well water filling in back through easy sand filter, average 600 tons of the average water filling of each well, 2,400,000 tons of the clean rainwater of annual average re-injection.But the rainwater deficiency of Shou Jiing needs to buy cleaner rainwater by the price of 5 jiaos/ton nearby naturally, as, 400 tons of 600 tons of less thaies of every water filling are bought and are mended 200 tons, go back 200 tons of breach.200 tons of rainwater treatment facilities that are provided with by the river bank of deficiency are handled the rainwater that rivers replenish or the utilization pollution is not really serious and are replenished, processing procedure is sedimentation, sand filtration and micro-filtration or ultrafiltration, the filtering accuracy 0.01-0.3 millimeter of sand filter, filter area 2-25 square metre, micro-filtration aperture 0.1-0.0001 millimeter, ultrafiltration aperture 1-0.01 micron does not wait supervisor, be injected to underground water then, it is 1.5 yuan/ton that rainwater is handled the cost that injects.Build the water factory that supplies 2000 tons of fresh water every day, but the low seawater appropriateness of the groundwater pollution degree of drawing is poured in down a chimney, salt content reaches 2000ppm, through simply precipitation, sand filtration, utilizes the nanofiltration membrane treatment of 95% salt rejection rate, reclaim 80%, after acid adjustment degree and the chlorination, supply TDS has only the high-quality urban life drinking water of 100ppm, supplies 720,000 tons of fresh water every year altogether, replenished 300,000 tons underground water, other has 180,000 tons of dischargings.3000 yuan of every of water injection well investments, totally 1,200 ten thousand yuan, the life-span was borrowed interest-free loan by 20 years as community installations, amounted to 600,000 yuan every year, was 5 jiaos/ton to the contribution of underground water cost, was 0.83 yuan/ton to the contribution of the underground water cost of supply.Because the part rainwater is to buy with the price of 5 jiaos/ton, is 1/3 * 0.5 ÷ 1+1/3 * 1.5+0.83=1.63 unit/ton so the rainwater of water filling becomes phreatic cost.Drawing phreatic cost is 0.5 yuan per ton, and costs such as clarification, filtration, nanofiltration, sterilization are about 2.0 yuan per ton, and the fresh water cost that supply is drunk in life is total up to 4.13 yuan/ton.This cost is far below the tap water cost of the desalinization cost 5-7 unit/ton and the general south water to north.If scale enlarges 100 times, can further reduce the water supply cost so, and can effectively replenish the underground water of undue exploitation, obtain significant ecology, economy, environmental benefit, can reduce simultaneously the pressure of flood control greatly, obviously reduce because the loss that flood causes.

Embodiment 5:

A certain river basins, about 2,000,000 square kilometres of regional area (20,000 hundred million square metres), concentrate rainfall 5 times summer, respectively is 100 millimeters, 200 millimeters, 250 millimeters, 300 millimeters and 150 millimeters at every turn.The total amount of precipitation in area is 20000 billion cubic meters, a certain survey mark river discharge increases 8 ten thousand stere per seconds (6,900,000,000 tons/day) rapidly from 3 ten thousand stere per seconds before, form extraodinary flood, cause serious flood, the flood control investment is 20,000,000,000 yuan, about 1,200 hundred million yuan of the direct and consequential damage that flood brings.Adopt situation of the present invention to be: concentrate in the rainwater of rainfall, 10% leaks into the face of land, and 30% rainwater is for can utilize cleaner rainwater, and wherein 10% (60,000,000,000 cubes) are controlled and retaining easily.Country is the planned easy ponding of the construction field of going all out with the rainwater water injection well in these river basins, make a call to more than 100,000,000 2-100m deeply, bore 20-500mm, the bottom width water injection well that can have 20-50000mm to expand in various degree.Rainwater filters the natural water injection well water filling in back through easy sand filter, also can adopt natural water injection well water filling behind sand filtration-micro-filtration or the sand filtration-ultra-filtration filters, average 800 tons of the average water filling of each well, 80,000,000,000 tons of the clean rainwater of re-injection, concentrate in about 40 days and take place, it is 5.69 ten thousand stere per seconds (4,900,000,000 tons/day) that flood weakens from the level of 8 ten thousand stere per seconds (6,900,000,000 tons/day), saves about 10,000,000,000 yuan of flood control investment, reduces flood and loses about 100,000,000,000 yuan.But the rainwater deficiency of Shou Jiing needs to buy cleaner rainwater by the price of 5 jiaos/ton nearby naturally, as, 400 tons of 800 tons of less thaies of every water filling are bought and are mended 200 tons, go back 200 tons of breach.200 tons of rainwater treatment facilities that are provided with by the river bank of deficiency are handled the rainwater that rivers replenish or the utilization pollution is not really serious and are replenished, processing procedure is sedimentation, sand filtration and micro-filtration supervisor, the filtering accuracy 0.001-1 millimeter of sand filter, filter area 0.01-10000 square metre, micro-filtration aperture 0.1-0.0001 millimeter, ultrafiltration aperture 1-0.01 micron does not wait, and is injected to underground water then, and it is 1.5 yuan/ton that rainwater is handled the cost that injects.Simultaneously,, especially do not have contaminated area to carry out the injection of river energetically, replenish the phreatic burden that reduces the downstream simultaneously at river in the upstream area.Can directly extract this underground water resource purposes such as out being used for supplying agricultural irrigation.Also can build and supply numerous water workss of 100,000,000 tons every day altogether, the groundwater pollution degree of drawing is low, salt content reaches about 150-450ppm, handle through simple water service, 0.01-0.3 millimeter, supply TDS is the urban life drinking water of 150-450ppm, supplies 30,000,000,000 tons of fresh water every year altogether, has replenished 50,000,000,000 tons underground water.3000 yuan of every of water injection well investments, totally 3,000 hundred million yuan, the life-span was borrowed interest-free loan by 20 years as community installations, amounted to 15,000,000,000 yuan every year, was 5 jiaos/ton to the contribution of underground water cost, was 0.83 yuan/ton to the contribution of the underground water cost of supply.Because the part rainwater is to buy with the price of 5 jiaos/ton, is 1/4 * 0.5 ÷ 1+1/4 * 1.5+0.83=1.33 unit/ton so the rainwater of water filling becomes phreatic cost.Drawing costs such as underground water, clarification, filtration, sterilization is about 1.0 yuan per ton, and the fresh water cost that supply is drunk in life is total up to 2.33 yuan/ton.This cost is far below the tap water cost of the desalinization cost 5-7 unit/ton and the general south water to north.Can reduce simultaneously the pressure of flood control greatly, obviously reduce because 10,000,000,000 yuan of flood control investment are saved in the loss that flood causes, reduce flood and lose 1,000 hundred million yuan, be the public good of a putting things right once and for all investment.The flood of not only having avoided heavy rain, heavy rain and extra torrential rain to bring, and reasonable adjusting and application by the rainwater resource stable supply that guaranteed fresh water, and then be effectively to replenish also to agricultural irrigation water, the underground water that effectively replenishes undue exploitation also can have the deposit of abundant groundwater resources simultaneously for contingent arid, obtains significant ecology, society, economy, environmental benefit.

Embodiment 6:

Area, a certain coastal plain about 10,000 square kilometres of area (10,000,000,000 square metres) meets with the high flow year, and concentrate rainfall 5 times summer, respectively is 100 millimeters, 200 millimeters, 250 millimeters, 300 millimeters, 150 millimeters at every turn.The total amount of precipitation in area is 100 billion cubic meters.10% leaks into the face of land, and 30% rainwater is for can utilize cleaner rainwater, and wherein 10% is control (300,000,000 cubes) easily.Build the retaining public facility, build easy long-pending rainwater field, make a call to that more than 20 ten thousand 2-100 rice is dark, inlet calibre is that 20-500mm, bottom width are the water injection wells of 20-5000mm.Rainwater is through easy sand filter or sand filtration-micro-filtration, because the sand filter water inlet is in the rainwater lower face, and water injection well is below strainer, so need not pump inject by the pressure of water column in the gravity of water and the water injection well filter the natural water injection well water filling in back, filter area 0.25-1000 square metre, filtering accuracy is the 0.0001-1 millimeter, average 800 tons of each well water filling, 1.6 hundred million tons of the clean rainwater of re-injection.But the rainwater deficiency of Shou Jiing needs to buy cleaner rainwater by the price of 5 jiaos/ton nearby naturally, as, 400 tons of 800 tons of less thaies of every water filling are bought the still not enough part of polishing and are replenished by the water in the river.Build the water factory that supplies 100,000 tons of fresh water every day; Also can build the water works of ten thousand tons of/day scales of several 2000-20000 in a plurality of positions, the groundwater pollution degree of drawing is low, the inwelling degree is different, salinity (TDS) 300-10000ppm, through simple tap water processing or nanofiltration or counter-infiltration (salt rejection rate 30-99.8%) processing and post processing, salt rejection rate 30-99.8%, supply TDS value is the urban life drinking water of 100-450ppm, supply 3,600 ten thousand tons of fresh water every year altogether, replenished 1.24 hundred million tons underground water, the filtering accuracy 0.001-1 millimeter of sand filter, filter area 0.01-10000 square metre, micro-filtration aperture 0.1-0.0001 millimeter, ultrafiltration aperture 1-0.01 micron does not wait.3000 yuan of every of water injection well investments, totally 6 hundred million yuan, the life-span was borrowed interest-free loan by 20 years as community installations, amounted to 3,000 ten thousand yuan every year, was 5 jiaos/ton to the contribution of underground water cost, was 0.83 yuan/ton to the contribution of the fresh water cost of supply.Because the part rainwater is to buy with the price of 5 jiaos/ton, is 2/3 * 0.5 ÷ 1+0.83=1.13 unit/ton so the rainwater of water filling becomes phreatic cost.Drawing phreatic cost is 0.5 yuan per ton, and costs such as clarification, filtration, sterilization are average about 2 yuan per ton, and the fresh water cost that supply is drunk in life is 3.63 yuan/ton of average out to altogether, and the TDS value that provides sweet water 100-500ppm does not wait.This cost is far below desalinization cost 5-7 unit/ton, tap water cost with the general south water to north, effectively replenish the underground water of undue exploitation, obtain significant ecology, society, economy, environmental benefit, can reduce simultaneously the pressure of flood control greatly, obviously reduce because the loss that flood causes.Begin coming year, the this area meets with rare arid for years, but because the phreatic deposit of high flow year, still can replenish 100,000 tons of lasting 2-3 of urban life drinking water every day, welcome another high flow year, not only can satisfy the requirement that provides sweet water by underground water, normal level is got back in water supply again, greatly reduce the influence that arid is brought to people's lives and economic development, and the additional in a large number underground water of method that can be identical, in order to the stable supply of drought resisting and fresh water.

Embodiment 7:

A certain inland plain area about 10,000 square kilometres of area (10,000,000,000 square metres), concentrate rainfall twice summer, once is 100 millimeters, and another time is 200 millimeters.The total amount of precipitation in area is 30 billion cubic meters.10% leaks into the face of land, and 30% rainwater is for can utilize cleaner rainwater, and wherein 10% (9,000 ten thousand cubes) are controlled and retaining easily.Find the 1% not serious residential district of inwelling of concentrating, build easy ponding field, make a call to that more than 2000 10-50 rice is dark, inlet calibre is that 100-300mm, bottom width are the shallow wells of the water injection well of 200-5000mm.Rainwater filters the back through easy sand filter directly becomes underground water by the water injection well water filling, filtration device structure considers that the restricted part of floor space adopts bilayer or multilayer connected mode arranged side by side with the least possible occupation of land, 0.25-1000 square metre of strainer filter area, filtering accuracy are the 0.01-0.5 millimeter, 300 tons of each well water fillings, 600,000 tons of the clean rainwater of annual average re-injection.But the relatively difficulty or the construction that is not able to do in time of the easy ponding of special construction field in the residential district, the rainwater wretched insufficiency of Shou Jiing is all bought the clean rainwater that flows down from the roof by 1 yuan/ton price and is replenished naturally.As, 200 tons of every average 300 tons of less thaies of water filling are bought polishing.Build the water factory that supplies 1000 tons of fresh water every day, the groundwater pollution degree of drawing is low, salinity also has only 300ppm, handles through simple tap water, directly supplies the urban life drinking water, supplies 360,000 tons of fresh water every year altogether, has replenished 240,000 tons underground water.3000 yuan of every of water injection well investments, totally 600 ten thousand yuan, the life-span was borrowed interest-free loan by 20 years as community installations, amounted to 300,000 yuan every year, was 5 jiaos/ton to the contribution of underground water cost, was 0.83 yuan/ton to the contribution of the fresh water cost of supply.Because all clean rainwater is to buy with 1 yuan/ton price, is 1+0.83=1.83 unit/ton so the rainwater of water filling becomes phreatic cost.Drawing phreatic cost is 0.5 yuan per ton, and costs such as clarification, filtration, sterilization are about 1 yuan per ton, and the fresh water cost that supply is drunk in life is total up to 3.33 yuan/ton.This cost is far below the tap water cost of the desalinization cost 5-7 unit/ton and the general south water to north.

Embodiment 8:

A certain three family households' island, about 10 square kilometres of area (1,000 ten thousand square metres) does not have river and spring, and only the surface water that forms by small part collection rainwater provides sweet water.But local summer rainwater is abundanter, just is not easy retaining on the island.Because be exposed to the face of land throughout the year, seriously polluted, and also the water yield is also not enough, has a strong impact on local people's life and Tourism development.Local unexpected 10 meters of buried depths, the capacity found is 5000 cubes underground fusion hole, determines rainwater through the present invention program at once, is injected in the underground fusion hole after collection, the simple filtration to store.Summer is concentrated rainfall 5 times on this island, respectively is 100 millimeters, 200 millimeters, 250 millimeters, 300 millimeters, 150 millimeters at every turn.The total amount of precipitation in area is 1000 ten thousand steres.Make a call to 1 water injection well above the fusion hole, 200 millimeters of well head bores.Rainwater through collection, after easy sand filter filters, 1000 tons of water injection well water fillings, per ton cost is 5 yuan, 10 square metres of two sand filter filter areas, filtering accuracy are the 0.01-0.2 millimeter.Rainwater soaks dissolving part ore at underground fusion hole becomes mineral water.Draw the mineral water supply islander life and the tourist service of underground fusion hole on ordinary days.Can suitably sterilize according to concrete water quality situation simultaneously.About 10 yuan/ton of the cost that provides sweet water is very satisfied result to local concrete condition still, has also satisfactorily resolved the local problem of fresh water in short supply always.On so little scale, also lower than desalinization technology costs such as (12 yuan/ton).

Claims

1. the water supply method of rainwater groundwater resourcesization, concrete steps are as follows:

Select a retaining area, on this area, make a call to 1-100,000,000 water injection well, connect filter at the water inlet place of water injection well; Rainwater directly is injected in the water injection well through filter, and compiling becomes water table; Set up pumping system in this retaining area.

2. the water supply method of a kind of rainwater groundwater resourcesization as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described pumping system back connects the fresh water treatment system.

3. the water supply method of a kind of rainwater groundwater resourcesization as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that described fresh water treatment system is that the underground water that will draw is handled the method that provides sweet water through sand filtration, nanofiltration or reverse osmosis, the precision of sand filtration is the 0.01-0.3 millimeter, it is 30-99.9% that salt rejection rate is adopted in nanofiltration or counter-infiltration, with chlorine or chlorine dioxide as disinfectant.

4. the water supply method of a kind of rainwater groundwater resourcesization as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described rainwater directly is injected in the water injection well through filter, and compiling becomes water table; Be the face of land seepage of rainwater, and directly be transformed into underground water by water injection well through artificial sand filtration or quick filtration of sand filtration-micro-filtration without nature.

5. the water supply method of a kind of rainwater groundwater resourcesization as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that it is to be beneficial to the area of collecting and injecting clean rainwater in the not serious field of environment pollution, around meadow, pool oil circuit limit, urban road limit or the building that described retaining area is selected; An independent place can be selected in above-mentioned area, also can be that several places are selected simultaneously.

6. the water supply method of a kind of rainwater groundwater resourcesization as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described water injection well is: inlet calibre is that 20-500mm, well depth 2-100m, bottom width are 20-50000mm.

7. the water supply method of a kind of rainwater groundwater resourcesization as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that the preferred inlet calibre of described water injection well is 100-300mm, well depth 10-50m, shaft bottom width 200-5000mm.

8. the water supply method of a kind of rainwater groundwater resourcesization as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described filter, and filter area 0.01-10000 square metre, filtering accuracy are the 0.00001-1 millimeter.

9. the water supply method of a kind of rainwater groundwater resourcesization as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that described filter be sand filtration, sand filtration-micro-filtration or etc. filter, structure can be individual layer also can be bilayer or multilayer side by side or polyphone connect; Preferred filter area is that 0.25-25 square metre, filtering accuracy are the 0.01-0.3 millimeter, and the height level is under the rainwater surface in water inlet.