CN1525153A - Flexible measuring method for overflow particle size specification of ball mill grinding system - Google Patents

Flexible measuring method for overflow particle size specification of ball mill grinding system Download PDF

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CN1525153A
CN1525153A CNA031339514A CN03133951A CN1525153A CN 1525153 A CN1525153 A CN 1525153A CN A031339514 A CNA031339514 A CN A031339514A CN 03133951 A CN03133951 A CN 03133951A CN 1525153 A CN1525153 A CN 1525153A
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bowl mill
neural network
soft
measurement
overflow
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CN100394163C (en
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恒 岳
岳恒
赵大勇
柴天佑
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Northeastern University China
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Northeastern University China
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method of soft detecting overflowing particle size index of mine-milling loop spiral grader, composed of ball mill and spiral grader and used to mill ore in mine milling working stage of preparation plant, adopting the online course data provided by routine distributed computer control system and routine detecting instrument and combining with time variable to reflect the change of mine milling medium, by a little artificial sampling, building a grader overflowing particle size soft-measuring model composed of neural network, realizing the soft measurement of grader overflowing particle size of mine milling system. It reduces the cost and maintenance working load; reduces the indeterminacy of artificial operation and enhance the time effectiveness of measurement, and at the same time helpful to realize the optimized control and operation of mine milling course.

Description

Bowl mill grinding system overflow granularity index flexible measurement method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the field of measuring technique in a kind of automatic technology, relate to final products---the method that spiral classifier overflow granularity index is carried out soft measurement particularly the wet grinding loop of forming by bowl mill and spiral classifier that is used for ground ore in the ore dressing plant ore grinding workshop section.
Background technology
In the ore dressing industry, the wet grinding loop of being made up of bowl mill and spiral classifier is widely used in ore grinding to the particle size range of technological requirement, granularity is excessive or too smallly all the follow-up process of sorting is had a negative impact, so the final products of grinding circuit---the granularity (also claiming grinding particle size, overflow granularity) of spiral classifier overflow is to weigh the important indicator of grinding circuit riding quality.At present, the detection method of conventional grinding particle size is by two kinds: the one, and the off-line hand sampling is at the laboratory manual measurement; Another kind is to use the checkout equipment of granularity---and hondrometer carries out on-line measurement, and the deficiency of preceding a kind of method is: 1. the human factor influence is big during manually-operated, and the objectivity of measurement result is poor; The time interval of Ce Lianging long, the time of measurement feedback is also long, the information that therefore obtains lacks directive significance to operating personnel; Though the second method weak point is to access accurately objective measurement result timely of comparison, but hondrometer costs an arm and a leg, the most ore dressing plants of China are difficult to be equipped with, and the workload of field maintemance is also very huge, in sum, also there is not to add at bowl mill specially the grinding particle size employing flexible measurement method of the grinding circuit of spiral classifier formation at present both at home and abroad.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above deficiency that bowl mill is added the grinding particle size measurement of the grinding circuit that spiral classifier constitutes, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of grinding particle size flexible measurement method at this grinding circuit, be used to set up the grinding particle size soft-sensing model of realizing with neural network, the measurement parameter of the auxiliary variable that provides by conventional on-line measurement instrument, provide the estimated value of current classifier overflow granularity, moving with optimization for the Optimizing operation of time in grinding production process provides key index.
Flexible measurement method technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
Grinding particle size measuring method proposed by the invention is made up of hardware platform and Survey Software, and wherein the hardware platform core is made up of bowl mill and spiral classifier, has been equipped with measurement instrument simultaneously, topworks and the computer system of carrying out computed in software.The connection of its hardware is that input end and belt feeder, bowl mill inlet amount of water pipeline and the grader sand return mouth of bowl mill links, bowl mill output terminal and outlet are added water inlet and are joined with the spiral classifier input port simultaneously, spiral classifier sand return end and bowl mill inlet join detailed structure following (as shown in Figure 1):
One adds the grinding circuit that spiral classifier constitutes by bowl mill, and its measurement instrument comprises
A weighing instrument (can be uclear scale or belt conveyer scale) is used for the new mine-supplying quantity Q of on-line measurement bowl mill F, be installed on the feeding belt;
A flowmeter is used for on-line measurement bowl mill inlet amount of water W F, be installed on the bowl mill inlet filler pipe;
A densitometer is used for on-line measurement overflow concentration in classifier D OVC, be installed on the classifier overflow pipeline;
Two power meters or two galvanometer are used for on-line measurement ball mill power P WMWith the spiral classifier power P WCOr bowl mill electric current and spiral classifier electric current, the drive motor with bowl mill and grader joins respectively, because power signal and current signal equivalence, so P in this instructions WMAnd P WCAlso can be used for representing bowl mill electric current and spiral classifier current signal.
Its topworks comprises:
Two motor regulated valves are respectively applied for and regulate that the bowl mill inlet is added water and water is added in the bowl mill outlet, are installed on that the bowl mill inlet is added water pipe and the bowl mill outlet is added on the water pipe;
A frequency converter is used to regulate the batcher vibration frequency, joins with oscillating feeder;
Distributed computer control system (DCS) or programmable logic controller (PLC) (PLC) or industrial control computer (IPC) have been disposed in this grinding circuit simultaneously, or the discrete industrial regulator, and form the basic controlling loop according to following corresponding relation:
The new mine-supplying quantity Q of electric vibrating feeder frequency control F
The bowl mill inlet is added the moving variable valve control of water power bowl mill inlet and is added discharge W F
The moving variable valve control of water power spiral classifier effluent concentration D is added in the bowl mill outlet OVC
Soft Survey Software of the present invention both may operate on the supervisory control comuter of computer control system, also can run on independently on the computing machine, this software by with control loop (distributed computer control system (DCS) or programmable logic controller (PLC) (PLC) or industrial control computer (IPC), or discrete industrial regulator) carries out communication, obtain real-time process data, and provide the estimated result of grinding particle size.
Implementation method of the present invention comprises, the selection of auxiliary variable, training data obtain the study of neural network soft sensor model and use.
The selection of auxiliary variable.
After above-mentioned hardware platform has been realized the automatic control in three basic loops of bowl mill, we will add the grinding attachment that spiral classifier constitutes by bowl mill and add that control system is defined as the grinding system of the nonlinear multiple-input and multiple-output of being made up of following input/output variable:
Its input variable comprises:
But the performance variable of controlled on-line measurement (also claiming independent variable) comprises
The new mine-supplying quantity Q of bowl mill F
Bowl mill inlet amount of water W F
Overflow concentration in classifier D VOC
Uncontrollable disturbance variable that can not on-line measurement comprises
The quantity G of milling medium in the bowl mill M, the steel ball of the some of property adding once a day under the general normal running, thus this variable over time trend be roughly as shown in Figure 2 sawtooth pattern curve; Ore hardness H D
Its output variable comprises:
But the variable of on-line measurement comprises
Ball mill power (or electric current) P WM
Screw classifying acc power (or electric current) P WC
Target variable that can not on-line measurement, promptly
Spiral classifier overflow granularity P SOV, generally adopt the off-line hand sampling, obtain data at the laboratory manual measurement;
Under stable situation, the input/output relation of this nonlinear system can be expressed as
P SOV=f 1(Q F,W F,D OV,H D,G M)
P WM=f 2(Q F,W F,D OV,H D,G M)
P WC=f 3(Q F,W F,D OV,H D,G M)
According to inverse function theorem, by f 2And f 3There is the inverse function relation in two formula as can be known between bowl mill electric current and grader electric current and milling medium quantity and the ore hardness:
H D=f 4(Q F,W F,D OV,P WM,P WC)
G M=f 5(Q F,W F,D OV,P WM,P WC)
Therefore, with last two nonlinear function substitution f 1Among, can obtain
P SOV=f 1(Q F,W F,D OV,H D,G M)
=f 1[Q F,W F,D OV,f 4(Q F,W F,D OV,P WM,P WC),f 5(Q F,W F,D OV,P WM,P WC)]
=f 6(Q F, W F, D OV, P WM, P WCSo), spiral classifier overflow granularity P SOVCan pass through new mine-supplying quantity Q F, inlet adds discharge W F, overflow concentration in classifier D OVC, ball mill power (or electric current) P WM, grader power (or electric current) P WCInformation parameter reflect.
Notice the quantity G of milling medium in the bowl mill M, the steel ball of the some of property adding once a day under general normal running, its Changing Pattern is that the cycle is the curve of 24 hours approximate sawtooth pattern, if introduce following time variable:
T---add ball within the cycle at one, begin constantly just can reflect the quantity G of milling medium in the bowl mill more sensitively to the time span of current time from adding ball MVariation (although the variation of power or electric current can reflect that susceptibility is weaker).Therefore with time variable T as one independently auxiliary variable introduce soft-sensing model:
P SOV=f 7(Q F, W F, D OV, P WM, P WC, T) following formula has reflected under the steady state (SS) of grinding system, these auxiliary variables that we select are with master variable spiral classifier overflow granularity P to be estimated SOVBetween the nonlinear function of outwardness.
Therefore the selected auxiliary variable of the present invention comprises
New mine-supplying quantity Q F
Inlet is added discharge W F
Overflow concentration in classifier D OVC
Ball mill power (or electric current) P WM
Grader power (or electric current) P WC
Time variable T.
Obtaining of training data.
Within the equipment ability to bear, covering normal operation range and be a bit larger tham in the scope of normal operation range, provide one group of independent variable (new mine-supplying quantity Q F, inlet adds discharge W F, overflow concentration in classifier D OVC) the combination of different setting values, the setting value set below forming
S Setpoint={ [Q Fi, W Fi, D OVi] |=1 ..., m} wherein m is the number of elements in this set, each element comprises [a Q Fi, W Fi, D OVi] tlv triple.Each element of this setting value set is put on the grinding system successively, whenever add a minor element [Q Fi, W Fi, D OVi] treat that afterwards grinding system enters stable state, by artificial collection sample, send the size value P of laboratory measurement sample in spiral classifier overflow place SOVi, the moment T of record sampling simultaneously i(beginning metering constantly from the recent ball that adds) as the time variable of this sampling, and writes down ball mill power (or electric current) P simultaneously WMi, grader power (or electric current) P WCi, treat that this sampling and record are finished after, grinding system is applied next element.Thus, can obtain following data acquisition
S V={ [Q Fi, W Fi, D OVi, P WMi, P WCi, T i, P SOVi] | i=1 ..., m} according to following rule pairing, promptly becomes training set with above-mentioned data acquisition
{ [Q Fi, W Fi, D OVi, P WMi, P WCi, T i] | i=1 ..., m} → { [P SOVi] | i=1 ..., m} wherein, the variable on → symbol left side is the input variable (auxiliary variable just) of grinding particle size soft-sensing model, the variable on → symbol the right carries out tutor's signal of learning training for the grinding particle size soft-sensing model.The input/output variable relation of this soft-sensing model and training patterns are as shown in Figure 3.
The training of neural network soft sensor model and use.
Flexible measurement method of the present invention is that the mode with soft Survey Software realizes its FB(flow block) (as shown in Figure 4).Be divided into training process and measuring process, its detailed step is as follows:
(A) initialization: carry out the initialization of all variablees.
(B) training or measurement? if this operates to training process, then go to (C), use the process of the data neural network training of training set; If neural network trains, the purpose of this operational process is in order to measure the effluent concentration index under the current state, then to go to (I);
(C) determine neural network structure and initial weight
Because neural network can be approached arbitrarily nonlinear function continuously with arbitrary accuracy, therefore any neural network with above-mentioned character can be used as soft-sensing model structure of the present invention, can adopt counterpropagation network (BP) and radial basis function (RBF) network during concrete enforcement, but be not limited to this two kinds of networks.
(D) read the data of training set: from the database at training set place, read relevant data, carry out normalized after, the input neural network soft-sensing model;
(E) calculate the output of neural network soft sensor model, and with tutor's signal relatively
Input signal in the training set is imported successively the soft-sensing model that (study) one by one or input (batch study) simultaneously are made of neural network, the output of current time soft-sensing model is compared with corresponding tutor's signal, calculate current error signal;
(F) revise neural network weight
Adopt the weight matrix of the inside of relevant Learning Algorithm correction neural network according to the error signal that relatively obtains, the target of correction is to make mean square of error and decline between the output of soft-sensing model tutor's signal corresponding with it.Revise after the weights, recomputate the output of neural network, and with tutor's signal relative error;
(G) whether error qualified? if error meets preassigned, illustrate that then neural metwork training finishes, and goes to (H); If error does not meet preassigned, explanation should continue training, goes to (E);
(H) preserve neural network weight: training process finishes, and the neural network weight that obtains just can be used for overflow granularity is carried out soft measurement;
(I) read neural network weight: if the purpose of this operation is in order to measure the effluent concentration index under the current state, then at first will to read the neural network weight that front (H) is kept;
(J) read process data
Does (K) process enter stable state? if all variablees of process have all entered stable state, then begin to carry out soft measuring process; Otherwise return (J) wait and enter stable state;
(L) the steady-state process data are through input neural network after the normalized identical with training process.
(M) calculate neural network output: determine good neural network structure and neural network weight according to the front, calculate current output, just the estimated value of overflow granularity index.
(N) show the soft measurement result of granularity: the estimated value that on man-machine interface, shows the soft measurement index of overflow granularity.
(O) finish not? continue if desired to measure, then be back to (J); If do not need to continue to measure, then go to (P);
(P) finish.
In order to make soft-sensing model have certain adaptive ability, adapt to the chronic drift and the variation of the characteristic of grinding system, need neural network soft sensor model to wait where necessary and restart study, its method is, when according to the regular manual measurement classifier overflow of the operating provisions in ore dressing plant granularity the time, sampled value is compared with the output valve of neural network, if difference surpasses certain limit, remarkable drift has appearred in the characteristic that grinding system is described, so startup learning process, the data that newly collect are formed new training set, according to aforesaid learning algorithm original neural network soft sensor model is further trained, reduce to desired standard until error level.
The invention has the advantages that: the online process data of utilizing conventional computer control system and conventional measuring instrument to provide, and the binding time variable is with the variation of reflection milling medium, only, realized the soft measurement of grinding system classifier overflow granularity by a spot of artificial sample.Compare with hondrometer, reduced cost, and the situation that sampling line stops up can not take place, reduced maintenance workload, improved reliability; Compare with manual measurement, reduced operating personnel's workload, reduced the uncertainty of the measurement of manual operation introducing, improved measure ageing.This method helps to realize the optimal control of grinding system and optimizes operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is flow process and the measurement instrument topworks and the basic loop configuration figure of grinding circuit of the present invention
Fig. 2 adds the approximate change curve of the interior milling medium of bowl mill under the ball system for routine of the present invention
Fig. 3 is the input/output relation and the training patterns of grinding particle size soft-sensing model of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the FB(flow block) of the soft Survey Software of overflow granularity of the present invention
Used label symbol is as follows among Fig. 1 to Fig. 3:
Spiral classifier overflow granularity---P SOV
New mine-supplying quantity---Q F
The bowl mill inlet is added discharge---W F
Spiral classifier effluent concentration---D OVC
Ball mill power (or electric current)---P WM
Screw classifying acc power (or electric current)---P WC
Time variable---T
Power (or electric current) transmitter---PT
Consistency transmitter---DT
Flow transmitter---FT
Quality transmitter---WT
The solid line tip is represented logistics (raw ore, water and ore pulp) or signal flow;
The pecked line arrow is represented the pairing of basic control loop;
Draw dotted line and represent being connected of sensor and transmitter.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are the primary grinding series of the weak magnetic roasted ore of a large-scale iron ore beneficiating factory.The main iron ore in this ore dressing plant is a pyrite, limonite, gangue is with barite, quartzy, jasper and ferrodolomite are main, the actual ferrous grade 33% of ore, behind calcining process, transport to low intensity magnetic separation cylinder ore storage bin through the weak magnetic ore deposit after the sorting, the synoptic diagram of grinding system as shown in Figure 1, roasted ore in the low intensity magnetic separation cylinder ore storage bin is by the electricity rock feeder discharge that shakes, again by sending in the bowl mill for the ore deposit belt feeder, adding water with bowl mill inlet is blended in and is ground into ore pulp in the bowl mill, this section ore grinding adopts grate ball mill, bowl mill ore discharge and bowl mill outlet are added the water bout and are entered spiral classifier, ball milling is returned in the spiral classifier sand return one time, forms closed circuit with a ball milling.After entering the pump pond, spiral classifier overflow (being the final products of this procedure) is transported to subsequent handling.
The bowl mill model is Ф 3200 * 3500, useful volume 25.3m 3, drum speed 18.5r/min, 54 tons of maximum ball loads.
Spiral classifier is a 2FLG-2400 type duplex-spiral classifier.Revolution speed of screw 3.5r/min, the tank gradient 17 degree.
At first following measurement instrument and topworks are installed, comprise in requirement according to this instructions:
Uclear scale is measured new mine-supplying quantity Q F
Electromagnetic flowmeter survey bowl mill inlet is added discharge W F
Nuclear density gauge is measured spiral classifier effluent concentration D OVC
Galvanometer is measured bowl mill electric current P WM
Galvanometer is measured spiral classifier electric current P WC
Frequency Converter Control electric vibrating feeder frequency
Two electric control valves control bowl mill inlet adds water and water is added in the bowl mill outlet
Realize the automatic control of basic control loop with Programmable Logic Controller (PLC).In slave computer, use the single-loop regulator configuration among the PLC to become following basic control loop:
The new mine-supplying quantity Q of electric vibrating feeder frequency control F
The bowl mill inlet is added the moving variable valve control of water power bowl mill inlet and is added discharge W F
The moving variable valve control of water power spiral classifier effluent concentration D is added in the bowl mill outlet OVC
Realize monitoring human-computer interface at host computer (supervisory control comuter) with RSView32 software.Provide the setting value in above-mentioned three loops on man-machine interface, basic loop control unit just can guarantee that each performance variable equals setting value separately when grinding system enters stable state, and the normal range of operation of this grinding system is:
New mine-supplying quantity---75 ± 5 tons/hour
An ore milling concentration---78%~85%
The spiral classifier effluent concentration---45%~50%
Spiral classifier overflow granularity---55%~60% (200 order)
The medium filling rate---38%~42%
Soft process of measurement moves on independent computing machine, RS Linx communication program is housed on this computing machine is responsible for carrying out data communication with PLC and host computer, carries out both-way communication by the DDE mode between RS Linx and the soft process of measurement.
According to the described step that obtains training data of this instructions, at first provide 50 groups of different independent variables (new mine-supplying quantity Q F, inlet adds discharge W F, overflow concentration in classifier D OVC) the combination of setting value, put on successively in the setpoint column of host computer, treat that grinding system enters after the stable state, overflow granularity is measured in artificial sample, and the data of record grinding system, forms by 50 training the training of forming is gathered.
Neural network adopts the single hidden layer BP network of seven inputs, one output.Seven inputs are respectively: new mine-supplying quantity Q F, inlet adds discharge W F, overflow concentration in classifier D OVC, bowl mill electric current P WM, spiral classifier electric current P WC, time variable T, constant threshold value (1).Latent first number of neural network is chosen as 60, and the structure of network is expressed as with the form of matrix:
y=NN(x)
=W 1Sig (W 2X) wherein, y is the output of network, and x contains threshold value at interior augmentation input vector, and activation function is chosen as the Sigmoid function, and its expression formula is:
sig ( z ) = e z - e - z e z + e - z ,
Output variable and output layer weights W 1Between be linear relationship, adopt the gradient descent method to train, learning rate η gets 0.0001.When dropping to 2%, relative error stops training when following, the neural network soft sensor model of the overflow granularity that the above-mentioned learning process of process forms is at the grinding system normal operation period, can estimate the spiral classifier overflow granularity of stable state according to the stable state real time data of process, relative error is no more than 3%, become one have very high practical value, granularity measurement means cheaply.

Claims (6)

1. bowl mill grinding system overflow granularity index flexible measurement method, it is characterized in that this measuring method is made up of hardware platform and Control Software, wherein the hardware platform core is made up of bowl mill and spiral classifier, be equipped with measurement instrument simultaneously, topworks and the computer system of carrying out computed in software, the connection of its hardware is the input end and the belt feeder of bowl mill, bowl mill inlet amount of water pipeline and grader sand return mouth link, the water inlet end is added in bowl mill output terminal and outlet, join with the spiral classifier input port simultaneously, spiral classifier sand return end and bowl mill inlet join, in addition, weighing instrument (can be uclear scale or belt conveyer scale) is installed (WT) on the belt feeder, the bowl mill inlet is added flowmeter (ET) is installed on the water lines, densitometer (DT) is installed on the classifier overflow pipeline, is separately installed with two power meters (or two galvanometer) on the drive motor of bowl mill and spiral classifier (PT).
2. by the described measuring method of claim 1, it is characterized in that this hardware platform grinding circuit disposed following topworks, two motor regulated valves regulate respectively that the bowl mill inlet is added water and water is added in the bowl mill outlet, and go into, go out filler pipe and be connected in series; A frequency converter is used to regulate the batcher vibration frequency, joins with batcher.
3. by the described measuring method of claim 1, it is characterized in that hardware platform realized the new mine-supplying quantity Q of bowl mill by routine measurement instrument, topworks and computer control system F, bowl mill inlet amount of water W FWith overflow concentration in classifier D OVCOnline detection and basic circuit controls, realize ball mill power (or electric current) P by measurement instrument WMWith screw classifying acc power (or electric current) P WCOnline detection, for soft Survey Software provides the detection data.
4. bowl mill grinding system overflow granularity index flexible measurement method Survey Software is characterized in that this software is made up of training method and measuring method two parts, and its flow process is: (A) initialization; (B) training or measurement? if this operates to training process, then go to (C); If neural network trains, the purpose of this operational process is in order to measure the effluent concentration index under the current state, then to go to (I); (C) determine neural network structure and initial weight; (D) read the data of training set; (E) calculate neural network output, and relatively the input signal in the training set is imported soft-sensing model, compared exporting with corresponding tutor's signal with tutor's signal; (F) revise neural network weight, make mean square of error and decline between the output of soft-sensing model tutor's signal corresponding, and recomputate the output and the error of neural network with it; (G) whether error qualified? if qualified, go to (H); If error is defective, then continue training, go to (E); (H) preserve neural network weight; (I) read neural network weight; (J) read process data, (K) does deterministic process enter stable state? if then begin to carry out soft measuring process; Otherwise returning (J) waits for; (L) steady-state process data input neural network (M) calculates neural network output: (N) show the soft measurement result of granularity: show soft measurement on man-machine interface; (O) finish not? continue if desired to measure, then be back to (J); If do not need to continue to measure, then go to (P); (P) finish.
5. by the described measuring method Survey Software of claim 4, it is characterized in that the auxiliary variable of overflow granularity soft-sensing model is chosen as: new mine-supplying quantity Q F, inlet adds discharge W F, overflow concentration in classifier D OVC, ball mill power (or electric current) P WMGrader power (or electric current) P WCWith time variable T, wherein, time variable is to add ball since the last time to calculate constantly, and time variable is used to characterize the influence of bowl mill milling medium quantity.
6. by the described measuring method Survey Software of claim 4, it is characterized in that, (comprise new mine-supplying quantity Q by one group of different independent variable F, inlet adds discharge W F, overflow concentration in classifier D OVC) combination act on grinding process successively, treat that grinding process enters stable state after, artificial sample detects overflow granularity as tutor's signal, and the online data of record sampling instant grinding process, forms the set of the training data of neural network.
CNB031339514A 2003-09-12 2003-09-12 Flexible measuring method for overflow particle size specification of ball mill grinding system Expired - Fee Related CN100394163C (en)

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