CN1521915A - Renewable energy resource deflector having multiple function mode - Google Patents
Renewable energy resource deflector having multiple function mode Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to renewable energy source variable flow device having multiple functioning patterns comprising a monitoring unit, a voltage boosting unit, a variable flow unit and an exerted bi-directional charging unit, wherein the voltage boosting unit is connected to the DC voltage output end of the renewable energy source device, so as to convert the DC voltage into DC high voltage and input it into the variable flow unit and the bi-directional charging unit. According to the invention, different functioning patterns can be chosen to adapt to different load applications e.g. separate load or electrified wire netting connected load.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode, refer to a kind of Semiconductor Converting Technology that is applied to the renewable energy resources (as: the solar energy source photoelectricity sun energy, wind energy, water energy equal energy source) especially.
Background technology
Solar energy source is a kind of pollution-free and energy not to the utmost of getting, except that the remote districts that can be difficult at mains-supplied are best mode for a kind of direct enjoyment supply of electric power, national governments also encourage general family installing solar power supply unit in a large number, to reduce the burden of power plant supply civil power, can solve the environmental issue of the carbon dioxide pollution environment of the nuke rubbish of nuclear energy power generation and thermal power generation simultaneously.
The expensive price of solar energy source generating equipment, and can connect its load form according to difference, make the conversion efficiency height of equipment inconsistent, as shown in Figure 7, be the calcspar of the solar energy source convertor assembly of a special prior art, it is applicable to independent load, it includes:
One charger (70) is connected to the dc output end of solar panels (80);
One boosting unit (71) is connected to the output of this charger (70) and battery (73), and its output dc voltage is converted to High Level DC Voltage;
One current transformer (72) is connected to this boosting unit (71), exports independent load (81) to after High Level DC Voltage is converted to alternating voltage;
One storage battery (73) is connected to the output of this charger (70);
Above-mentioned solar energy source convertor assembly inputs to storage battery (73) by the DC power supply that charger (70) is exported solar panel (80) earlier, with operation that storage battery (73) is charged, the general storage battery (73) that uses about 48 volts of specifications of this solar energy convertor assembly, to supply independent load (81) required power supply, in addition, because storage battery (73) and booster circuit (71) are directly connected in the output of charger (70), cause voltage conversion ratio too high, and make the conversion efficiency of whole convertor assembly be about 90%.
In addition, someone is with the built-in MPPT of this charger (70) (Maximum Power PointTracking) technology, the DC power supply of using the output of monitoring solar panels reaches maximum power, as shown in Figure 6, avoid solar energy (80) the plate output DC source of front end between charger (70), to cause power loss, make current transformer (72) fill the maximum power supply that part uses solar panels (80) output.Yet, add the MPPT function and still can't make the whole efficiency of this solar energy source convertor assembly improve.
See also shown in Figure 8, be a kind of solar energy convertor assembly that is applied to high-voltage fence binding load (81a), its basic structure is identical with aforementioned convertor assembly, the equipment of thought no storage battery and charger (not shown), can be intactly the DC power supply of solar panels (80) output being converted to AC power entirely provides and gives high-voltage fence and link load (81a), wherein these solar panels (80) can use the photo-voltaic cell (>300 volts) of high pressure, again, because of changing voltage is lower, so the conversion efficiency of convertor assembly can bring up to 95% at least.Though do not add holding storage battery aforesaid advantage is not arranged, but also be shortcoming simultaneously, because it is essential to be still at some application stand-by power supply, if install a group storage battery additional outside between boosting unit and current transformer for having stand-by power supply, except storage battery need use the high-tension electricity capacity, also need install charger additional, thus, then increase the cost of whole group convertor assembly and the complexity of circuit, not only the power supply because of the output of current transformer solar energy that uncontrollable charger causes does not reach maximum power, and also is inconvenient to install concerning the user.
From the above, be connected the use sun-generated electric power at independent running load and electrical network binding load desire at present, and provide different convertor assemblys, yet, just as aforementioned two kinds introductions of commonly using convertor assembly as can be known, really exist to use and go up and shortcoming such as applicability is not good, therefore be necessary further improvement really, so that the user to be provided the solar energy convertor assembly of convenient installing.
Summary of the invention
, the objective of the invention is for this reason, a kind of current transformer of using the renewable energy resources is provided, various functional modes are provided, to satisfy different loads state (linking load) and the required AC power of applicable cases as independent load system or electrical network.
Desiring to reach the employed major technique means of above-mentioned purpose makes this convertor assembly include:
One monitoring unit, it includes monitoring input, output and control end, in order to power-monitoring and the relevant control of being responsible for whole system, and in have the MPPT function, reach maximum rating with the DC power supply power that makes energy source regeneration apparatus output;
One boosting unit is located at the power output end of solar panel, so that this low-voltage dc power supply is converted to high-voltage DC power supply, and is output on the high-voltage bus;
One current transformer is connected in the control end of high-voltage bus and this monitoring unit, and its output links load for independent load system or electrical network;
One adds the two-way charger of formula, is external on the high-voltage bus, and is subjected to the control of this monitoring unit and is connected with storage battery;
Above-mentioned solar energy convertor assembly is by the requirement of this monitoring unit to the power supply and demand between energy source regeneration apparatus and load, and then the high voltage source of control high-voltage bus is dispersed to the ratio of two-way charger and current transformer, and the whether activation action of this two-way charger, whether its load form and the convertor assembly of looking closely connection need add storage battery;
If add storage battery, then this monitoring unit can be controlled the ratio that two-way charger and current transformer are obtained high voltage source, and when detecting energy source regeneration apparatus out-put supply deficiency, two-way charger then provide current transformer required high direct voltage from storage battery is provided, and being converted to AC power by current transformer again provides and gives load;
Do not add holding storage battery if having, then current transformer can be totally be converted to AC power fully with the output of high-voltage bus, gives load to provide.
From the above, the present invention is by being done the detection of supply and demand power to energy source regeneration apparatus and load by monitoring unit, may command current transformer and be in and obtain best high voltage source between the two-way charger of charge mode, to make convertor assembly add under the mode of operation of holding storage battery, still can possess high conversion efficiency, in addition, also can be under the state of energy source regeneration apparatus out-put supply deficiency, controlling two-way charger immediately powers to current transformer, make load continue to obtain AC power and use, quite have practicality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a calcspar of the present invention (representative graph).
Fig. 2 is the calcspar of a preferred embodiment of boosting unit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the calcspar of a preferred embodiment of the two-way charger of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the calcspar of a preferred embodiment of current transformer of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of monitoring unit MPPT of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the curve chart of energy source regeneration apparatus output voltage to electric current, and it discloses maximum power position.
Fig. 7 is a calcspar of commonly using the solar energy source convertor assembly, and its announcement is equiped with spare electric-power supplies such as storage battery and charger, and is applicable to the load of independent running.
Fig. 8 is the calcspar of prior art solar energy source convertor assembly, and it discloses one and is applicable to that electrical network links the high conversion efficiency convertor assembly of load.
Symbol description among the figure
(10) monitoring unit (20) boosting unit
(21) boost inductance (22) PWM controller
(23) electronic switch (24) high-voltage bus
(30) current transformer (31) voltage control circuit
(311) adder (312) exchanges the reference signal generator
(32) current control circuit (321) multiplier
(322) adder (323) exchanges the reference signal generator
(33) mode selector switch (34) PWM controller
(40) two-way charger (41) first electronic switches
(42) second electronic switch (43) charging current control units
(50) storage battery (60) energy converter
(61) load
(70) charger (71) boosting unit
(72) current transformer (73) storage battery
(80) (81a) load of energy source regeneration apparatus (81)
Embodiment
The present invention relates to a kind of renewable energy resources convertor assembly, can switch to according to the difference of its load form under the suitable mode of operation, and have high conversion usefulness and characteristics such as easy to operate with multiple mode of operation and connection mode.
At first see also shown in Figure 1, be a calcspar of the present invention, include a monitoring unit (10), boosting unit (20), current transformer (30) and and add the two-way charger of formula (40), wherein two-way charger connects for storage battery (50), and boosting unit (20) then is connected with the dc power output end of energy converter (60).
Above-mentioned monitoring unit (10) includes monitoring input, output and control end, in order to power-monitoring and the relevant control of being responsible for whole system, and in have the MPPT function, reach maximum rating (detailed as described later) with the DC power supply power that makes energy source regeneration apparatus output to this convertor assembly; This monitoring unit (10) can be realized by microprocessor or hardware circuit, during wherein this MPPT function can also be realized by microprocessor, or realizes with hardware circuit.
Above-mentioned boosting unit (20) is located at the dc power output end of energy converter (60), so that this low-voltage dc power supply is converted to high-voltage DC power supply, and high-voltage DC power supply exported on the high-voltage bus (24), see also shown in Figure 2 again, this boosting unit (20) further includes a PWM controller (22), one electronic switch (23) and one is connected to the boost inductance (21) of high-voltage bus (24), wherein this electronic switch (23) can be a MOSFET assembly, its gate system is subjected to this PWM controller (22) to control its turn-on cycle, with this, export the High Level DC Voltage of boost inductance (21) to high-voltage bus (24).
Above-mentioned current transformer (30) is connected between the output of high-voltage bus (24) and monitoring unit (not shown), to accept the MPPT monitoring of monitoring unit.This current transformer (30) has two kinds of operating modes, and a kind of is independent operating mode, and another then links operating mode for electrical network.See also shown in Figure 4, this current transformer (30) by the electronic switch of two groups of alternate conduction to (Q1, Q2) (Q3, Q4) and a filter (L, C) current transforming unit of formation one full-bridge type, and further include a voltage feedback control circuit (31) and an electric current feedback control circuit (32), this voltage, the input of electric current feedback control circuit (31) (32) sees through output voltage, output current detector (313) (324) is connected to filter (L, C), output then sees through a mode selector switch (33) and delivers to two groups of electronic switches of a PWM controller (34) control to (Q1, Q2) (Q3, Q4), and via filter (L, C) export alternating current, wherein the input of this electric current feedback control circuit (32) further is connected to monitoring unit MPPT current output terminal, with the output current of Control current device.
Above-mentioned voltage feedback control circuit (31) is connected to this filter (L, C) output, feedbacks output voltage to PWM controller (34), with the output voltage of control current transformer (30); It mainly exchanges reference signal generator (312) by a subtracter (311) and and forms, this subtracter (311) is connected to the output of this current transformer (L, C) and exchanges the output of reference signal generator (312), and the process mode selector switch (33) that subtracts each other of inciting somebody to action is delivered to PWM controller (34).
Above-mentioned electric current feedback control circuit (32) is used for controlling the electric current of current transforming unit output, it mainly exchanges reference signal generator (323) by a multiplier (321), subtracter (322) and and forms, the input of this multiplier (321) is connected to the MPPT Current Control output of this monitoring unit (10) and exchanges the output of reference signal generator (323), the output of multiplier (321) then is connected to the input of subtracter (322), sends into and delivers to PWM controller (34) to subtract each other through mode selector switch (33) with the current transformer output current signal;
Above-mentioned mode selector switch (33) is connected to the output of voltage, current control circuit (31) (32), and its change action is subjected to monitoring unit (10) control.The input of this PWM controller (34) then sees through mode selector switch (33) and is connected to voltage, electric current feedback control circuit (31) (32), and four outputs then are connected to the control end (G1, G2, G3, G4) of electronic switch respectively.
When monitoring unit (10) is judged connection one independent load at present, then control its switch is connected this PWM controller with voltage control circuit (31), make current transformer (30) output meet the alternating source of independent load, this is first kind of independent operating mode, this monitoring unit (10) if judge connect at present an electrical network connect load then control model diverter switch (33) this PWM controller (34) is connected with current control circuit (32), link pattern to carry out electrical network, so current transformer (30) output current amplitude is able to Be Controlled and reaches the optimal solar energy utilance.
Above-mentioned two-way charger (40) is can add the two-way charger (40) of formula to the unsteady flow module for one, it is connected between high-voltage bus (24) and the storage battery (50), and be connected to the MPPT current signal output end and the control end of monitoring unit (10), sharing the output current signal of monitoring unit (10) MPPT current signal output end with current transformer (30), and the output current signal of monitoring unit (10) MPPT output can distribute the current signal ratio that give current transformer and two-way charger automatically because of the charged state of storage battery (50).
See also shown in Figure 3, this two-way charger (40) can carry out the charging and the discharge work, it includes:
Two electronic switches (41) (42), each is made up of first, second electronic switch (41) (42) a PWM controller (PWM1, PWM2) and transistor (Q5, Q6), each transistor (Q5, Q6) is a parasitic diode in parallel, and wherein first electronic switch (41) is MPPT current signal output end and the control end that is connected to monitoring unit (10);
One lifting/voltage reducing inductance (L1) sees through second electronic switch (42) and is connected to high-voltage bus (24);
One charging current control unit (43), include comparator (U1) and thyrite device (VCR), this comparator (U1) input is connected to the monitoring unit control output end respectively, the output of reference voltage signal Vref and storage battery (50), its voltage output end then is connected to this thyrite device (VCR), to adjust the resistance value of this thyrite device (VCR), because thyrite device (VCR) further is connected between monitoring unit MPPT current output terminal and second electronic switch (42), can export different voltages and give second electronic switch (42) along with the adjustment of resistance value, to control the turn-on cycle of second electronic switch, constitute a PWM booster circuit.
When two-way charger (40) when being in charge mode, be that the voltage of high-voltage bus (24) can be changed storage battery (50) is charged, that is, earlier with first electronic switch (41) decapacitation, its transistor Q6 equivalence one diode, and two-way charger (40) promptly constitutes a reduction voltage circuit, wherein the comparator U1 of charging current control unit (43) is by the stored voltage and the reference voltage Vref that compare storage battery (50), adjust the resistance value of thyrite device (VCR), because the input of this thyrite device (VCR) is connected to this monitoring unit current output terminal, so transfer the electric current I of monitoring unit output to voltage V, with the turn-on cycle of the PWM controller (PWM2) of controlling this second electronic switch (42), and then control is to the charge volume of storage battery (50);
And, when two-way charger (40) when being in discharge mode, the power conversion that will connect storage battery (50) is to high-voltage bus (24), that is, earlier, make transistor Q5 equivalence one diode of second electronic switch (42) with second electronic switch (42) decapacitation, be with, this two-way charger (40) constitutes a PWM booster circuit by first electronic switch (41), a lifting/voltage reducing inductance (L1) and transistor Q5, exports this high-voltage bus to after making the low pressure of storage battery (50) be converted to height.
More than, circuit description for solar sources convertor assembly of the present invention, with the next monitoring process description that detects energy source regeneration apparatus, load control current transformer (30) and two-way charger (40) with regard to monitoring unit (10), see also shown in Figure 5, the MPPT of this monitoring unit (10) is machine-processed with initial magnitude of voltage V0 and performance number P0, with after obtain the magnitude of voltage and the current value of energy source regeneration apparatus output, calculate the difference DELTA P of the function Pn-1 that present performance number Pn and last cycle calculate, and voltage difference Δ V, judge that more whether this power difference is more than or equal to zero:
(1) if difference power more than or equal to zero:
Whether continue to judge voltage difference more than or equal to zero, if, whether judge voltage difference again greater than 0, if then reduce the output current of monitoring unit MPPT current output terminal, if not, then increase output current.
(2) if difference power less than zero:
Whether continue to judge voltage difference more than or equal to zero, if, then increase the output current of monitoring unit MPPT current output terminal, if not, then reduce output current.
After having judged this performance number and magnitude of voltage are stored, recomputate performance number of following one-period again; By as can be known aforementioned, monitoring unit can be monitored the performance number of energy source regeneration apparatus really via MPPT, controls the total output current of two-way charger and current transformer more effectively, to reach the best effectiveness of using energy source regeneration apparatus.
For more clearly demonstrating multi-mode operating state of the present invention, below four kinds of operator schemes of explanation and application, it includes:
1. be applied to independent running load and be equiped with storage battery:
A. when sun-generated electric power greater than the required rated power supply of load:
The charging control circuit of this two-way charger provides utilization and gives the charge power supply that the remaining power supply of current transformer is used as standby storage battery, to charge in batteries.
B. when sun-generated electric power less than the required rated power supply of load:
The charge/discharge control circuit of this two-way charger is enabled, and makes the storage power supply of storage battery and the power supply of energy source regeneration apparatus output provide to current transformer in the lump.
2. be applied to independent running load and do not have the storage battery of being equiped with:
This moment, the energy source regeneration apparatus power supply directly provided current transformer to use, and again because of nothing adds holding storage battery, then two-way charger can be economized and remove, to reduce the cost of whole system.
3. being applied to electrical network links load and is equiped with storage battery:
A. storage battery is and is full of voltage status:
When storage battery is the full voltage state, then the energy source regeneration apparatus out-put supply is all offered current transformer, this monitoring unit only need be controlled the size of the output current of current transformer.
B. the non-voltage status that is full of of storage battery:
Preferentially the energy source regeneration apparatus out-put supply is offered storage battery, storage battery is carried out charging procedure, the output with dump energy exports electrical network binding load to again, and wherein the power distribution ratio is then distributed automatically by two-way charger.
C. the power supply of energy source regeneration apparatus output is zero:
It is zero that monitoring unit detects energy source regeneration apparatus output DC source, the diverter switch of then controlling the current transformer output immediately switches to off state, and make current transformer not make electrical network and link running, but this moment, use if want out-put supply to give other load, then convertor assembly can switch to the independent operation pattern.
4. be applied to electrical network binding load and do not have the storage battery of being equiped with:
This pattern is applicable to does not have an application of charge mode, and this moment current transformer output current be subjected to the control of monitoring unit equally, to export stable AC power, two-way charger can be economized and remove.
From the above, the present invention is suitable for different loads and application thereof to reach, and can keeps high conversion efficiency, by four above mode of operations as can be known mainly by monitoring unit, boosting unit, current transformer and a design that adds the two-way charger of formula.
Therefore, design of the present invention has usability, novelty and the progressive on the industry really, and meets the important document of patent of invention, and mere formality is filed an application in accordance with the law.
Claims (14)
1. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of a tool multifunctional mode is characterized in that, includes:
One monitoring unit, it includes monitoring input, output and control end, in order to power-monitoring and the relevant control of being responsible for whole system; One boosting unit, the conversion low-voltage dc power supply is a high-voltage DC power supply, and is output on the high-voltage bus;
One current transformer is connected in high-voltage bus and output, connected for independent load system or electrical network binding load by the control output AC electricity of monitoring unit;
The one two-way charger that can install additional can be connected on the high-voltage bus, and controlled by this monitoring unit, connects for storage battery.
2. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, has the MPPT function in this monitoring unit, makes the DC power supply power of energy source regeneration apparatus output reach maximum rating.
3. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, the input system of this boosting unit is connected to the dc power output end of a regeneration energy.
4. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that these renewable energy resources can be solar panels.
5. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this boosting unit includes a controller, at least one electronic switch and at least one boost inductance that is connected to high-voltage bus.
6. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, this electronic switch can be a MOSFET assembly, and its gate is connected to the control end of this PWM controller.
7. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, this current transformer includes:
One full-bridge type current transforming unit;
One voltage feedback control circuit is connected to the output of this full-bridge type current transforming unit by a voltage detector, with the output voltage of control full-bridge type current transforming unit;
One electric current feedback control circuit is connected in the output of this full-bridge type current transforming unit by a current detector, and accepts the output current of the control of monitoring unit with the Control current device;
One mode selector switch is connected between the output and monitoring unit of voltage, electric current feedback control circuit, by monitoring unit control change action;
One PWM controller, its input is connected to the output of voltage, electric current feedback control circuit by mode selector switch, and the plural output of PWM controller is connected to the input of full-bridge type current transforming unit respectively again.
8. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, this full-bridge type electric current is made up of reaching a filter the electronic switch of two groups of alternate conduction, the right control end of each electronic switch is the input of full-bridge type current transforming unit, and the output of filter is the output of full-bridge type current transforming unit.
9. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, this voltage feedback control circuit system exchanges the reference signal generator by a subtracter and and forms, and this subtracter is connected to the output of this full-bridge type current transforming unit and the output of signal generator.
10. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, this electric current feedback control circuit exchanges the reference signal generator by a multiplier, a subtracter, a multiplier and and forms, the input of this multiplier is connected to the MPPT current output terminal and the AC signal generator output of this monitoring unit, and its output is connected to the output of subtracter, delivers to this PWM controller after subtracting each other with full-bridge type current transforming unit output current signal.
11. renewable energy resources convertor assembly as claim 7,8 or 9 described tool multifunctional modes, it is characterized in that, but this two-way charger includes a chargeable control circuit and one and charge/discharge control circuit, and wherein the function selecting of charge or discharge is controlled by monitoring unit.
12. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, this two-way charger includes:
Two electronic switches, each is made up of first, second electronic switch a PWM controller, transistor, and this transistor has a parasitic diode;
One lifting/voltage reducing inductance is connected between first, second electronic switch, sees through second electronic switch again and is connected to high-voltage bus;
One charging current control unit, include a comparator and a thyrite device, this comparator input terminal is connected to the output of control output end, reference voltage signal and the storage battery of monitoring unit respectively, its voltage output end then is connected to this thyrite device, to adjust the resistance value of this thyrite device, because the thyrite device further is connected between the MPPT current output terminal and second electronic switch of monitoring unit, may command inputs to the magnitude of voltage of second electronic switch.
13. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, this electronic switch can be a MOSFET assembly, and its gate is connected to the control end of this PWM controller.
14. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this two-way charger is connected on the high-voltage bus for adopting separate type, and accepts the signal controlling of control unit.
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