CN1504823A - Rapid convergence method for correct exposure value - Google Patents

Rapid convergence method for correct exposure value Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1504823A
CN1504823A CNA021555389A CN02155538A CN1504823A CN 1504823 A CN1504823 A CN 1504823A CN A021555389 A CNA021555389 A CN A021555389A CN 02155538 A CN02155538 A CN 02155538A CN 1504823 A CN1504823 A CN 1504823A
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exposure value
exposure
value
correct
convergence
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CN100337156C (en
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־
蔡志华
刘万吉
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Novatek Microelectronics Corp
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Novatek Microelectronics Corp
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Abstract

A quick-speed convergence method for correct exposure value, wherein an exposure table easy for correction is established, thus in the closed loop calculation in the digital photographic arrangement, the image collected by the optical sensor can be contracted rapidly to correct exposure value. The invention can be applied for realizing multiple variable exposure control, such as exposure time, gains and aperture size.

Description

The method for rapidly converging of correct exposure value
Technical field
The invention relates to the convergence method of a kind of exposure value (exposure value, be called for short EV), and particularly relevant for a kind of method for rapidly converging of correct exposure value of the exposure value table that utilizes foundation.
Background technology
In digital photographic device, if come filmed image with 1024 * 768 pixels, and the brightness range of each pixel is 0 to 255, and how then taken image mean flow rate can restrain apace, just become present urgent problem.
Known a kind of method please refer to " the fuzzy control auto exposure system of digital still Electrofax " of TaiWan, China patent announcement numbers 234748, and this known method is a mode of utilizing fuzzy control, makes taken image energy keep appropriate brightness.Yet, because the fuzzy control rule is quite loaded down with trivial details and complicated, must experienced professional could suitably revise the fuzzy control rule, therefore the fuzzy control rule of this known method quite is not easy to revise.Moreover, because software program must just can draw and keep image well-lit evaluation of estimate according to loaded down with trivial details and complicated fuzzy control rule, so the speed of convergence of automatic exposure is too slow and expend a large amount of computational resources.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention proposes a kind of method for rapidly converging of correct exposure value.The present invention is by setting up the quite simple exposure value table of alter mode, and make the image that optical sensor captured in the digital photographic device in the computing of closed loop, rapidly converge to the correct exposure value, therefore the present invention not only can reach the exposure control of multivariate (time shutter, yield value and aperture size) easily, and can rapidly converge to suitable automatic exposure value.
For reaching above-mentioned and other purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of method for rapidly converging of correct exposure value.This method for rapidly converging is applicable to digital photographic device.This method for rapidly converging comprises the following steps: that (a) sets up the exposure value table according to this digital camera, this exposure value table comprises several exposure values, several time shutter, several yield values and several aperture size, and wherein exposure value is the function of time shutter, yield value and aperture size; (b) the definition automatic exposure interval of convergence, the central point of this automatic exposure interval of convergence is an object brightness; (c) from the exposure value of exposure value table, select a previous exposure value as initializing set; (d) optical sensor in digital photographic device thus captures an image, and this image is divided into several subregions; (e) the subregion image mean flow rate of each subregion be multiply by the corresponding image weighted value after, divided by total image weighted value, and draw mean flow rate; (f) draw a prediction exposure value according to this previous exposure value and approximate function, wherein approximate function is the function of object brightness and mean flow rate; And (g) when the previous therewith exposure value of this prediction exposure value equates, then automatic exposure is finished automatic exposure for convergence, and predicts that with this exposure value is used as the correct exposure value.In addition, when the previous therewith exposure value of this prediction exposure value is unequal, can predict that exposure value is used as this previous exposure value with this, and draw corresponding time shutter, yield value and aperture size via inquiry exposure value table, then can repeated execution of steps (d), (e), (f) and (g), till automatic convergence.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, the exposure value table can be adjusted.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, the minimum interval of exposure value table is an exposure value resolution, and exposure value resolution can be adjusted.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, the size of the automatic exposure interval of convergence and exposure value resolution are proportional.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, the size of the automatic exposure interval of convergence equates with exposure value resolution.At this moment, the automatic exposure interval of convergence multiply by divided by half exposure value resolution power of 2 and object brightness between object brightness between half exposure value resolution power of 2.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, the previous for this reason exposure value of prediction exposure value deducts approximate function.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, optical sensor can be charge coupled cell (chargecoupled device is called for short CCD) or CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) (complementary metaloxide semiconductor is called for short CMOS) element.
In sum, the present invention is by setting up the quite simple exposure value table of alter mode, and make the image that optical sensor captured in the digital photographic device in the computing of closed loop, rapidly converge to the correct exposure value, therefore the present invention not only can reach the exposure control of multivariate (time shutter, yield value and aperture size) easily, and can rapidly converge to suitable automatic exposure value.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram according to the method for rapidly converging of the correct exposure value of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the exposure value table according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; And
Fig. 3 is the institute's picked image and the image weighted value of the one preferable enforcement according to the present invention.
202: exposure value
204: the time shutter
206: yield value
208: aperture size
32: institute's picked image
34: the image weighted value
S102-S118: the administration step of a preferred embodiment of the present invention
Embodiment
Please refer to Fig. 1, it is the process flow diagram according to the method for rapidly converging of the correct exposure value of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, this method for rapidly converging at first needs to set up exposure value (exposurevalue is called for short EV) according to the specification of digital photographic device (for example being digital camera or digital camera) and shows (as step S102).In the exposure value table, comprise several exposure values, several time shutter (representing), several yield values (representing) and several aperture size (representing) with F_no with AGC with Exp_t.Wherein, exposure value is the function of time shutter, yield value and aperture size, that is the relation between exposure value and time shutter, yield value and the aperture size need meet following formula (1):
EV＝2log 2(F_no)-log 2(Exp_t)-log 2(AGC/100)…(1)
And, please refer to shown in Figure 2 according to the exposure value table of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 2, this exposure value table comprises exposure value 202, time shutter 204, yield value 206 and aperture size 208.Wherein, with present embodiment, exposure value 202 between 4 and 16, and with exposure value be distinguished into exposure value at the big sun, at the exposure value at cloudy day, in the exposure value and four major parts of the exposure value under starlight of dusk/sunrise; The time shutter 204 of present embodiment is between 1/1000 second and 1/15 second; The yield value 206 of present embodiment is between 100 and 800; And the aperture size 208 of present embodiment is between F2.8 and F8.In order to prove that this exposure value table meets formula (1), the spy explains with an example.As shown in Figure 2, for being 15 o'clock, pairing time shutter, yield value and aperture size are respectively 1/500 second, F8 and 100 at exposure value, then these values are brought into formula (1) and can get EV=2log 2(8)-log 2(1/500)-log 2(100/100)=and 6+9=15, so meet formula (1).Therefore, for the person of being familiar with, what should be appreciated that is that the question blank among Fig. 2 is not that setting up question blank as long as need meet formula (1) can be for it in order to qualification the present invention.Moreover as shown in Figure 2, the minimum interval of this exposure value table is 0.5, that is the exposure value resolution of this exposure value table (EV Resolution) is 0.5.And exposure value resolution can be according to the specification of user's demand and digital photographic device and is adjusted.
Then, can define the automatic exposure interval of convergence (as step S104), the central point of this automatic exposure interval of convergence is object brightness (Target Y), and this object brightness can be set by the user.In a preferred embodiment, the size of the automatic exposure interval of convergence is set at exposure value resolution and equates.At this moment, the automatic exposure interval of convergence multiply by divided by half exposure value resolution power of 2 and object brightness between object brightness between half exposure value resolution power of 2, that is the automatic exposure interval of convergence is Windows ( ( T arg etY × 2 - ( EVResolution 2 ) ) , ( T arg etY × 2 ( EVResolution 2 ) ) ) . For example, Target Y=100, EV Resolution=0.5, what fall within then that brightness between 84.09 and 118.92 all looks is the automatic exposure convergence.
Then, can from the exposure value of exposure value table, select a previous exposure value (Previous EV) (as step S106).
Then, can be through the acquisition of the optical sensor (for example being charge coupled cell (CCD) or CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) (CMOS) element) in the digital photographic device thus one image, and this image is divided into several subregions (as step S108), after then the subregion image mean flow rate (Y) of each subregion being multiply by corresponding image weighted value (W), divided by total image weighted value, and draw the mean flow rate (Yavg) (as step S110) of this each pixel of image.For the purpose of clearer, please refer to Fig. 3, it is according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention institute's picked image and image weighted value.As shown in Figure 3, institute's picked image 32 is divided into 9 * 11 sub regions, and wherein the subregion average image brightness of each subregion is Y.And image weighted value 34 also is divided into 9 * 11 sub regions, and wherein the image weighted value of each subregion is W.Then, via following formula (2):
Yavg = Σ j = 0 10 Σ i = 0 8 Y ij W ij Σ j = 0 10 Σ i = 0 8 W ij - - - ( 2 )
, can learn the mean flow rate (Yavg) of this each pixel of image.
Then, can draw a prediction exposure value (Predict EV) according to this previous exposure value and approximate function, wherein approximate function (truncate) is the function (as step S112) of object brightness (Target Y) and mean flow rate (Yavg).In a preferred embodiment, the previous for this reason exposure value of this prediction exposure value deducts approximate function, that is the relation between previous therewith exposure value of this prediction exposure value and the approximate function need meet following formula (3):
PredictEV = PreviousEV - truncate ( log 2 ( T arg etY Yavg ) ) - - - ( 3 ) In order more to understand approximate function, will do explanation with following example.When the exposure resolution ratio 0.5 of exposure value table, if approximate function is truncate (4.4), truncate (4.4)=4.5 then; And if approximate function is truncate (4.1), truncate (4.1)=4 then.Hence one can see that, and approximate function depends on the size of exposure resolution ratio.
Next, can judge whether this previous exposure value equates (as step S114) to this prediction exposure value.If the previous therewith exposure value of this prediction exposure value equates, then the automatic exposure meeting is judged as convergence and finishes automatic exposure, and predicts that with this exposure value is used as correct exposure value (as step S116).For the purpose of clearer, will do explanation with an example that cooperates Fig. 2.If object brightness is 100, selected previous exposure value is 12 in the exposure value table by Fig. 2, the mean flow rate of institute's picked image is 105, because prediction exposure value PredictEV=12-truncate (log2 (100/105))=previous exposure value of 12-0=12=, so the automatic exposure meeting is judged as convergence and finishes automatic exposure, and be used as the correct exposure value with prediction exposure value 12.
And if the previous therewith exposure value of this prediction exposure value is unequal, then can predict that exposure value is used as this previous exposure value with this, and draw corresponding time shutter, yield value and aperture size via inquiry exposure value table, then can repeated execution of steps S108 to step S114, till automatic convergence.For the purpose of clearer, will do explanation with an example that cooperates Fig. 2.If object brightness is 100, selected previous exposure value is 16 in the exposure value table by Fig. 2, and the mean flow rate of institute's picked image is 5, then predicts exposure value=16-truncate (log2 (100/5))=16-4.5=11.5.Because prediction exposure value 11.5 also is not equal to previous exposure value 16, so can be used as previous exposure value with 11.5.Then, exposure value table in the query graph 2 as can be known, exposure value is that 11.5 pairing time shutter, yield value and aperture size were respectively 1/250 second, 141 and F2.8, sets digital photographic device with these parameter values then, and captures an image again.Then, the mean flow rate that calculates this image is 150, can draw prediction exposure value=11.5-truncate (log2 (100/150))=11.5+0.5=12 then.Because prediction exposure value 12 still is not equal to previous exposure value 11.5, so can be used as previous exposure value with 12.Then, the exposure value table in the query graph 2 as can be known, exposure value is that 12 pairing time shutter, yield value and aperture size were respectively 1/250 second, 100 and F4, sets digital photographic device with these parameter values then, and captures an image again.Next, the mean flow rate that calculates this image is 105, can draw prediction exposure value=12-truncate (log2 (100/105))=12-0=12 then.Can learn this moment,,, and be used as the correct exposure value with prediction exposure value 12 at this moment so the automatic exposure meeting is judged as convergence and finishes automatic exposure because prediction exposure value 12 equates with previous exposure value 12.
In sum, the present invention is by setting up the quite simple exposure value table of alter mode, and make the image that optical sensor captured in the digital photographic device in the computing of closed loop, rapidly converge to the correct exposure value, therefore the present invention not only can reach the exposure control of multivariate (time shutter, yield value and aperture size) easily, and can rapidly converge to suitable automatic exposure value.

Claims (11)

1. the method for rapidly converging of a correct exposure value is applicable to a digital photographic device, it is characterized in that, this method for rapidly converging comprises the following steps:
(a) set up an exposure value table according to this digital camera, this exposure value table comprises a plurality of exposure values, a plurality of time shutter, a plurality of yield value and a plurality of aperture size, wherein each this exposure value for each should the time shutter, the function of each this yield value and each this aperture size;
(b) the definition one automatic exposure interval of convergence, the central point of this automatic exposure interval of convergence is an object brightness;
(c) from those exposure values of this exposure value table, select a previous exposure value as initializing set;
(d) capture an image via the optical sensor in this digital photographic device, and this image is divided into a plurality of subregions;
(e) a subregion image mean flow rate of each this subregion be multiply by the corresponding image weighted value after, divided by total image weighted value, and draw a mean flow rate;
(f) draw one according to this previous exposure value and an approximate function and predict exposure value, wherein this approximate function is the function of this object brightness and this mean flow rate; And
(g) when this prediction exposure value equated with this previous exposure value, then automatic exposure was finished automatic exposure for convergence, and is used as this correct exposure value with this prediction exposure value.
2. the method for rapidly converging of correct exposure value as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when this prediction exposure value is unequal with this previous exposure value, can be used as this previous exposure value with this prediction exposure value, and draw corresponding a time shutter, a yield value and an aperture size via this exposure value table of inquiry, then can repeated execution of steps (d), (e), (f) and (g), till automatic convergence.
3. the method for rapidly converging of correct exposure value as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this exposure value table can be adjusted.
4. the method for rapidly converging of correct exposure value as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the minimum interval of this exposure value table is an exposure value resolution.
5. the method for rapidly converging of correct exposure value as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, this exposure value resolution can be adjusted.
6. the method for rapidly converging of correct exposure value as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, the size of this automatic exposure interval of convergence and this exposure value resolution are proportional.
7. the method for rapidly converging of correct exposure value as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the size of this automatic exposure interval of convergence equates with this exposure value resolution.
8. the method for rapidly converging of correct exposure value as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that this automatic exposure interval of convergence multiply by divided by half this exposure value resolution power of 2 and this object brightness between this object brightness between half this exposure value resolution power of 2.
9. the method for rapidly converging of correct exposure value as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this prediction exposure value deducts this approximate function for this previous exposure value.
10. the method for rapidly converging of correct exposure value as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this optical sensor is a charge coupled cell.
11. the method for rapidly converging of correct exposure value as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this optical sensor is a high-k metal gate devices.
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CN100361019C (en) * 2004-12-24 2008-01-09 北京中星微电子有限公司 Method for implementing automatic exposure
CN100373927C (en) * 2005-03-21 2008-03-05 王美娟 Automatic exposure method for digital photographic device
CN100458540C (en) * 2006-10-27 2009-02-04 北京中星微电子有限公司 Automatic exposure regulating method and device
CN101399924B (en) * 2007-09-25 2010-05-19 展讯通信（上海）有限公司 Automatic exposure method and device based on brightness histogram
CN101359148B (en) * 2007-08-03 2011-04-06 深圳艾科创新微电子有限公司 Method for automatic exposure regulation and control system
WO2011088642A1 (en) * 2010-01-22 2011-07-28 杭州海康威视软件有限公司 Automatic iris regulating method and apparatus
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CN108234894A (en) * 2018-01-15 2018-06-29 维沃移动通信有限公司 A kind of exposure adjustment method and terminal device
WO2018209650A1 (en) * 2017-05-18 2018-11-22 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 Automatic exposure method and device for camera
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CN100361019C (en) * 2004-12-24 2008-01-09 北京中星微电子有限公司 Method for implementing automatic exposure
CN100373927C (en) * 2005-03-21 2008-03-05 王美娟 Automatic exposure method for digital photographic device
CN100458540C (en) * 2006-10-27 2009-02-04 北京中星微电子有限公司 Automatic exposure regulating method and device
CN101359148B (en) * 2007-08-03 2011-04-06 深圳艾科创新微电子有限公司 Method for automatic exposure regulation and control system
CN101399924B (en) * 2007-09-25 2010-05-19 展讯通信（上海）有限公司 Automatic exposure method and device based on brightness histogram
WO2011088642A1 (en) * 2010-01-22 2011-07-28 杭州海康威视软件有限公司 Automatic iris regulating method and apparatus
CN103546732A (en) * 2013-10-18 2014-01-29 广州市浩云安防科技股份有限公司 Image processing method and system
CN103546732B (en) * 2013-10-18 2016-05-18 广州市浩云安防科技股份有限公司 Image processing method and system
CN107995430A (en) * 2014-03-17 2018-05-04 广东明创软件科技有限公司 The method and its mobile terminal of raising camera focusing speed based on mobile terminal
CN105657245A (en) * 2015-11-08 2016-06-08 乐视移动智能信息技术（北京）有限公司 Method and apparatus for controlling image exposure convergence in camera starting
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