CN1504287A - Production method of inner coated cylinder, manufacturing device and inner coated cylinder - Google Patents

Production method of inner coated cylinder, manufacturing device and inner coated cylinder Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1504287A
CN1504287A CNA031049532A CN03104953A CN1504287A CN 1504287 A CN1504287 A CN 1504287A CN A031049532 A CNA031049532 A CN A031049532A CN 03104953 A CN03104953 A CN 03104953A CN 1504287 A CN1504287 A CN 1504287A
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cylindrical shell
shell body
self
inner peripheral
fluxing alloy
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CN100563872C (en
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渡边康男
夫
田边道夫
信
曾地义信
宪志
矢田部宪志
宏
竹屋昭宏
明
多田文明
和典
西马场和典
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FIRST TAKASUNAMI INDUSTRIES Co Ltd
Dai Ichi High Frequency Co Ltd
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FIRST TAKASUNAMI INDUSTRIES Co Ltd
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Abstract

To provide technology for forming an inner surface coating on the inner circumferential face of a cylindrical body with a self-fluxing alloy having a large surface hardness. Inside the cylindrical body 1 placed sideways, there is arranged a self-fluxing alloy powder uniformly in the axial direction of the cylindrical body, in a quantity suitable for the thickness of coating to be formed. After a powder layer of a uniform thickness is formed on the inner circumferential face by rotating the cylindrical body 1 at high speed, the powder inside is melted by heating the cylindrical body 1 to form a molten metal layer, then cooled and solidified to form the inner surface coating. In melting and solidifying the self-fluxing alloy, with a centrifugal force of 20-50G kept working on the inner circumferential face position of the cylindrical body 1, the hard ceramics fine particles of low specific gravity in the molten metal are integrated anti-centrifugally on the inner diameter side, increasing the density and hardness of the hard fine particles on the face of the inner surface coating.

Description

The manufacture method of inner-surface coated cylindrical body, manufacturing installation and inner-surface coated cylindrical body
Technical field
The present invention relates on ester moulding machine machine barrel and slurry are carried with metal cylinder body internal surface such as steel pipes, to apply the manufacturing technology of inner surface coated cylindrical body of the self-fluxing alloy coating of mar proof, excellent corrosion resistance.
Background technology
Patent documentation 1: the spy opens clear 64-25989 communique
Patent documentation 2: the spy opens flat 1-96363 communique
The known inner-surface coated cylindrical body that on metal cylinder body inner peripheral surfaces such as steel pipe, applies the self-fluxing alloy coating of past.Manufacture method as this inner-surface coated cylindrical body, on patent documentation 1 (spy opens clear 64-25989 communique), put down in writing a kind of formation method of inner-surface coated layer, promptly, make cylindrical shell body (pipe) rotate on the inner peripheral surface centrifugal force reach under the state more than the 3G and supply with self-fluxing alloy powder, so that on this cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface, form certain thickness powder bed, when above-mentioned powder bed attached to the cylindrical shell inner peripheral surface on after stop the rotation, by heating cylindrical shell body the inner circumferential surface temperature is reached more than the melt temperature of above-mentioned powder, so that attached to the powder bed fusion on the cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface, engage with base metal following under the form of diffusion.And also put down in writing a kind of formation method of inner-surface coated layer on the aforementioned patent document 2 (spy opens flat 1-96363 communique), after the self-fluxing alloy powder that is about to form the thickness respective amount with coating is packed in the cylindrical shell body, make on one side this cylindrical shell body rotate to such an extent that the centrifugal force of inner peripheral surface reaches that 2G is above, the centrifugal force of outer peripheral face is in below the 7G, on one side the cylindrical shell body is heated to more than the melt temperature of above-mentioned powder, so that, be accompanied by the diffusion form and engage with base metal attached to the powder bed fusion on the cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface.The sort of method no matter, all be by being distributed in the self-fluxing alloy powder layer heating and melting on the cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface, being accompanied by the diffusion form engages with base metal, can form the inner-surface coated layer that engages good fine and close and self-fluxing alloy almost atresia with base metal, the method of patent documentation 2 record particularly, it is a kind of centre spinning method that under the cylindrical shell body rotation status powder bed is carried out fusion and solidifies making, make centrifugal action formed Metal Melting liquid layer on cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface can further reduce pore, it is big to make the inner-surface coated layer of the self-fluxing alloy of formation become hardness, the coating of mar proof and excellent corrosion resistance.
Summary of the invention
Recently, for the mar proof that makes the inner-surface coated layer that forms on the cylindrical shell body further improves, people wish further to improve the hardness of inner-surface coated layer always.For improving hardness, can use the self-fluxing alloy that has imported hard particles such as tungsten carbide though there is the people to think, distinguished and may not necessarily achieve satisfactory results.That is to say, in the method for patent documentation 1 record, though can guarantee that by importing hard particles such as tungsten carbide hardness obtains raising in a way, but compare with the method for patent documentation 2 records, but there are the many shortcomings of remaining pore amount, on the other hand, in the method for patent documentation 2 records, even hard particles such as importing tungsten carbide are not almost found the raising of inner-surface coated laminar surface on hardness yet.It is said, this is because the proportion (being approximately equal to 15) of the hard particles such as tungsten carbide that are widely adopted, proportion (8～9) than purpose metal phase is much bigger, thus make its from inner-surface coated laminar surface (inner peripheral surface) to moving away from direction, the cause that less exists on the surface.And, this hard particles is gathered in the outside diameter of inner-surface coated layer, just with the borderline region of base metal (cylindrical shell body), has therefore hindered the conjugation of following inner-surface coated course base metal diffusion to be produced, cause bonding force to reduce, thereby produce new problem.
In view of the foregoing, problem of the present invention provides a kind of centre spinning of utilizing, and can increase substantially the technology of the case hardness of the inner-surface coated layer of the self-fluxing alloy that forms on cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface at least.
For solving the note problem, the invention that present techniques scheme 1 relates to, it is a kind of manufacture method of inner-surface coated cylindrical body, this method is included in the operation that the centrifugal casting self-fluxing alloy is covered on the said inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical shell body with cylindric inner peripheral surface, it is characterized in that, by carrying out said centrifugal casting with the rotary speed that produces 20～50G centrifugal force on the said inner peripheral surface position, make proportion in the hard ceramic particulate that is present in the casting in the self-fluxing alloy liquation be lower than the particulate of the purpose metal phase of molten metal, reverse centrifuge accumulates in internal diameter one side of centrifugal casting system, under this state, make solidification of molten metal, obtain the inner surface coating that said low-gravity particulate is assembled in internal diameter one side.Because low-gravity particulate is formed on the inner-surface coated layer that internal diameter one side is assembled,, can make the good inner-surface coated cylindrical body of mar proof like this so the case hardness of this inner-surface coated layer becomes greatly.And because the result that the hard ceramic particulate is assembled at the internal diameter one side reverse centrifuge of inner-surface coated layer, make the concentration of external diameter one side hard ceramic particulate reduce, therefore can improve toughness, simultaneously owing to hinder the factor that is accompanied by to the base metal diffusion bond to reduce, therefore can improve and the engaging force of base metal, thereby can make resistance to impact, the also good inner-surface coated cylindrical body of anti-fissility.
The invention that technical scheme 2 relates to, be in the invention of technical scheme 1 record, than the low particulate of said purpose metal phase proportion that said inner-surface coated layer internal diameter one side is assembled, be the ceramic particle that belongs to any material boride from the chromium system that the self-fluxing alloy liquation is separated out, carbide, the boron-carbide.Like this, directly use as self-fluxing alloy under the condition of the extensive self-fluxing alloy that adopts such as nickel self-fluxing alloy, cobalt self-fluxing alloy, can improve the case hardness of inner-surface coated layer.
The invention that technical scheme 3 relates to, be in the invention of technical scheme 1 record, the low particulate of said purpose metal phase proportion than the gathering of said inner-surface coated layer internal diameter one side, be that the ceramic particle of any material the boride that belongs to the chromium system of separating out from the self-fluxing alloy liquation, carbide, the boron-carbide and the proportion that imports in said self-fluxing alloy liquation as composition beyond the said self-fluxing alloy basis are no more than the hard ceramic particulate that said chromium is ceramic proportion.The hard particles amount that is gathered in internal side diameter is increased, thereby can improve its case hardness further.
The invention that technical scheme 4 relates to, it is a kind of manufacture method of inner-surface coated cylindrical body, this method is included in the lining operation of centrifugal casting self-fluxing alloy on the said inner peripheral surface with cylindric inner peripheral surface cylindrical shell body, it is characterized in that said centrifugal casting is carried out 0.3～3MPa gas pressure under the state on the molten metal laminar surface.In case adopt centre spinning to form the inner-surface coated layer of self-fluxing alloy, will make the interior remaining pore of coating become very micro-, and in this centrifugal casting since the molten metal surface be subjected to the effect of 0.3～3MPa air pressure and under this state, solidify, so remaining micro-pore reduces because of being subjected to air pressure compression volume in the Metal Melting liquid layer, thereby make in the inner-surface coated layer that is obtained the shared volume ratio of the remaining pore pettiness more that becomes.Therefore, because the inner-surface coated layer that obtains reduces the result that the effect of hardness is suppressed because of the shared volume of pore, depress the occasion of centrifugal casting with not aerating and compare, its hardness increases, so can make the good inner-surface coated cylindrical body of mar proof with the method.
The invention that technical scheme 5 relates to, it is a kind of manufacture method of inner surface coated cylindrical body, this method is included in the lining operation of centrifugal casting self-fluxing alloy on the said inner peripheral surface with cylindric inner peripheral surface cylindrical shell body, it is characterized in that, make the molten metal laminar surface be subjected to carry out said centrifugal casting under 0.3～3MPa gas pressure state, simultaneously said molten metal laminar surface is subjected under the state of said gas pressure, is making the rotary speed of said cylindrical shell body reach the rotary speed that on said inner peripheral surface position, produces the above centrifugal force of 10G.In case the molten metal laminar surface is subjected to solidifying under the state of 0.3～3MPa gas pressure, as mentioned above, will produce the effect that volume is reduced because of compressed metal liquation layer inner air vent, but in the case, gas-pressurized connects the pore in the Metal Melting liquid layer sometimes, also can further connect sometimes to molten metal and cylindrical shell body at the interface, in case solidify in this state, will produce bigger and lead to the hole on surface, i.e. pin hole than the remaining pore of inner-surface coated layer.In order to prevent that this phenomenon from taking place, rotary speed with said cylindrical shell body among the present invention is set at the rotary speed that can make the above centrifugal force of generation 10G on the said inner peripheral surface position, with big centrifugal action on molten metal, make the impartial compression stress that produces in the Zone Full that comprises thickness direction in the Metal Melting liquid layer, form being pressed into of gas-pressurized and allow gas pressure under mouthful state that the fluctuation of pressurized behavior is eased making, prevent the perforation of gas-pressurized with the method.Can form the inner-surface coated layer that does not almost have pin hole like this.
The invention that technical scheme 6 relates to, it is a kind of manufacture method of inner surface coated cylindrical body, this method is included in the lining operation of centrifugal casting self-fluxing alloy on the said inner peripheral surface with cylindric inner peripheral surface cylindrical shell body, it is characterized in that, make the molten metal laminar surface be subjected to carry out said centrifugal casting under the state of 0.3～3MPa gas pressure, simultaneously the molten metal laminar surface is subjected under the said gas pressure state, make the rotary speed of said cylindrical shell body reach the rotary speed that on said inner peripheral surface position, produces 20～50G centrifugal force, make in this way and be present in the self-fluxing alloy liquation in the casting particulate that proportion in the hard ceramic particulate is lower than molten metal purpose metal phase, reverse centrifuge accumulates in the internal side diameter of centrifugal casting system, under this state, make solidification of molten metal, obtain having assembled the inner surface coating of said low-gravity particulate at internal side diameter.That is to say, the present invention is made up the feature of technical scheme 1 invention with technical scheme 4 inventions, by applying 20～50G centrifugal force, make hard particles accumulate in internal diameter one side of inner-surface coated layer, can improve case hardness, atomic by making 0.3～3MPa gas pressure that remaining stomatal number quantitative change is got simultaneously, can improve hardness like this, can make and have the more inner-surface coated cylindrical body of the inner-surface coated layer of high rigidity.
The invention that technical scheme 7 relates to, be in the invention of technical scheme 1～6, make the temperature that said self-fluxing alloy liquation reaches in the said centrifugal casting, be in the fusion one of this self-fluxing alloy and solidify relevant solidus to the solid-liquid of the liquidus curve coexistence temperature province below the temperature apart from solidus one side 70% position.When carrying out the centrifugal casting of self-fluxing alloy, the Metal Melting liquid layer that forms self-fluxing alloy on the face must be cast, this moment, in a single day the molten metal temperature increased, will hardness be reduced because of the fusing oxidation consumption that helps particulates such as metal boride that hardness improves and metal silicide, and then the anxiety of the oxide of sneaking into is arranged.Wherein by the molten metal temperature is set at above-mentioned numerical value, can prevents hard particles because of fusing with oxidation consumption reduces or oxide is sneaked into, thereby can form the high coating of hardness.
The invention that technical scheme 8 relates to, be in the invention of technical scheme 1～6, the formation of self-fluxing alloy liquation layer on said inner peripheral surface in the said centrifugal casting, be in said cylindrical shell body, to import self-fluxing alloy powder, under said cylindrical shell body rotation, the mode of this powder heating and melting to be carried out.The formation of self-fluxing alloy liquation layer on the inner peripheral surface of cylindrical shell body, though also can be after molten metal be made in the outside of cylindrical shell body, carry out in the mode of in the cylindrical shell body, supplying with this molten metal, but it is such according to the present invention, in the cylindrical shell body, supply with self-fluxing alloy with powder type, and be heated the method for fusion in this position, the processing of self-fluxing alloy is become easily, and necessary equipment is also simplified.
The invention that technical scheme 9 relates to, be in technical scheme 1～6, the formation of self-fluxing alloy solution layer on said inner peripheral surface in the said centrifugal casting, carry out in the following manner: (1) is in horizontal cylindrical shell body interior, dispose and form the self-fluxing alloy powder of coating thickness a great deal of equably along the tubular axis direction, (2) making the cylindrical shell body is the center line rotation with its axis, make it to reach under the situation of the rotary speed that produces the above centrifugal force of 3G on the inner peripheral surface position of said cylindrical shell body, the intrinsic powder of cylindrical shell is sticked on the inner peripheral surface of cylindrical shell body with the form that spreads all over cylindrical shell body circumferencial direction and advance, should make the required time of rotary speed that is able to produce the above centrifugal force of 3G this moment, is no more than the time τ that obtains by following empirical formula (A):
τ (second)=3 * 10 5/ D 3... (A)
(D is the internal diameter of cylindrical shell, mm)
On the tubular axis direction, move along the powder of tubular axis direction equivalent arrangements so that suppress, form one deck whereby along the axis direction of cylindrical shell with circumferencial direction does not almost have the powder bed of thickness deviation and it is sticked on the cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface, (3) continuing to make under the situation of cylindrical shell body rotation, heat the cylindrical shell body so that cylindrical shell all heats up simultaneously, and make the fusion simultaneously of the intrinsic powder of cylindrical shell.Adopt under the occasion of above-mentioned (1), (2) operation when supplying with powder, can on cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface, form along the minimum self-fluxing alloy powder layer of the thickness deviation of tubular axis direction, with this powder bed heating and melting and when making it to solidify, can form the inner-surface coated layer of the minimum self-fluxing alloy of thickness deviation.
The invention that technical scheme 10 relates to, be in technical scheme 1～6, the formation of self-fluxing alloy solution layer on said inner peripheral surface in the said centrifugal casting, be in said cylindrical shell body, to import self-fluxing alloy powder, under said cylindrical shell body rotation, the mode of this powder heating and melting is carried out, under reduced pressure carry out the fusion of powder in the said cylindrical shell body simultaneously.According to this formation, when removing bubble in the Metal Melting liquid layer that can be effectively forms from powder melts, can also prevent the oxidation of Metal Melting liquid layer, it is few and the oxidation consumption of separating out particulate that help hardness to improve is few, oxide is sneaked into also few inner-surface coated layer to form remaining pore.
The invention that technical scheme 11 relates to is a kind of inner-surface coated cylindrical body, it is a kind of inner-surface coated layer inner-surface coated cylindrical body that has formed self-fluxing alloy on the said inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical shell body with cylindric inner peripheral surface, it is characterized in that, wherein chromium compound is that internal diameter one side of particulate in said inner-surface coated layer of hard ceramic distributes with high density, make chromium component concentration reach 20～40 quality % levels, formed the hard layer that hardness improves.Therefore this inner-surface coated cylindrical body has good mar proof owing to possess the hard layer that hardness improves on inner-surface coated laminar surface (inner peripheral surface).
The invention that technical scheme 12 relates to is in the invention of technical scheme 11, external diameter one side in said inner-surface coated layer, formation through the area occupation ratio of microexamination non-metallic inclusion at the clean layer below 0.1%.This clean layer has good toughness because of non-metallic inclusion is few, and cause the few and feasible bond strength height with base metal of the non-metallic inclusion that engages owing to hinder the diffusion be accompanied by to base metal, therefore inner-surface coated layer become a kind of by good-toughness and also with the structure of the clean layer support surface hard layer of base metal firm engagement, not only mar proof is good, and resistance to impact and anti-fissility are also good.
The invention that technical scheme 13 relates to, it is a kind of manufacturing installation of inner-surface coated cylindrical body, wherein have flatly to prop up the tube-holding body body and make it rotary cylinder body and support whirligig, in the cylindrical shell body of being supported whirligig to support by this cylindrical shell, supply with the powder feeding device that forms thickness a great deal of self-fluxing alloy powder with coating, to the heater that whole length of being supported the cylindrical shell body that whirligig is supported by said cylindrical shell heat, said cylindrical shell supports whirligig can make said cylindrical shell body to produce the rotary speed rotation of 20～50G centrifugal force on the cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface position.In the manufacturing installation of this structure, can in the cylindrical shell body of being supported whirligig to support by said cylindrical shell, supply with the powder that forms thickness a great deal of self-fluxing alloy powder with coating, make the rotation of cylindrical shell body so that after forming the self-fluxing alloy powder layer on the inner peripheral surface, this self-fluxing alloy powder of heating and melting is to form the Metal Melting liquid layer, and then this centrifugal casting that makes it to solidify, and this centrifugal casting is carried out can make the rotary speed that produces 20～50G centrifugal force on the said inner peripheral surface position.Therefore, can make and be present in internal diameter one side that particulate reverse centrifuge in the hard ceramic particulate in the self-fluxing alloy liquation in the casting, that proportion is lower than molten metal purpose metal phase accumulates in the centrifugal casting system, make solidification of molten metal in this state, so just can access the inner-surface coated layer of said low-gravity particles agglomerate, have the great inner-surface coated layer of case hardness, the good inner-surface coated cylindrical body of mar proof thereby can make in internal diameter one side.
The invention that technical scheme 14 relates to, it is a kind of manufacturing installation of inner-surface coated cylindrical body, wherein have flatly to prop up the tube-holding body body and make it rotary cylinder body and support whirligig, in the cylindrical shell body of being supported whirligig to support by this cylindrical shell, supply with the powder feeding device that forms thickness a great deal of self-fluxing alloy powder with coating, to the heater of whole length heating of being supported the cylindrical shell body that whirligig is supported by said cylindrical shell with make the pressue device of 0.3～3MPa gas pressure on the inner surface of said cylindrical shell body.In the manufacturing installation of this structure, can in the cylindrical shell body of being supported whirligig to support by said cylindrical shell, supply with the powder that forms thickness a great deal of self-fluxing alloy with coating, make the rotation of cylindrical shell body, so that on inner peripheral surface, form the self-fluxing alloy powder layer, form the Metal Melting liquid layer by this self-fluxing alloy powder layer of heating and melting then, then make it this centrifugal casting of solidifying, and in this centrifugal casting, can make and on said inner peripheral surface, form self-fluxing alloy liquation layer to the process that this Metal Melting liquid layer is solidified, be in process under the state of 0.3～3MPa gas pressure at said molten metal laminar surface, so just can make that to have a remaining pore few, the inner-surface coated layer that hardness is big, the inner-surface coated cylindrical body that mar proof is good.
The invention that technical scheme 15 relates to, it is a kind of manufacturing installation of inner-surface coated cylindrical body, wherein have flatly to prop up the tube-holding body body and make it rotary cylinder body and support whirligig, in the cylindrical shell body of being supported whirligig to support by this cylindrical shell, supply with the powder feeding device that forms thickness a great deal of self-fluxing alloy powder with coating, to the heater that is heated by whole length of the cylindrical shell body of said cylindrical shell support whirligig support, with the pressue device that makes 0.3～3MPa gas pressure on said cylindrical shell body internal surface, said cylindrical shell supports whirligig can make said cylindrical shell body to produce the rotary speed rotation of the above centrifugal force of 10G on the cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface position.In the manufacturing installation of this structure, can be when making the intrinsic metallic solution laminar surface of said cylindrical shell be subjected to carrying out centrifugal casting under the state of 0.3～3MPa gas pressure, the cylindrical shell body is rotated under the rotary speed that produces the above centrifugal force of 10G on the cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface position this moment, thereby can prevent that gas-pressurized from connecting the interface between the interior pore of Metal Melting liquid layer or perforation Metal Melting liquid layer and the cylindrical shell body, thereby can form the inner-surface coated layer that does not almost have pin hole.
The invention that technical scheme 16 relates to, it is a kind of manufacturing installation of inner-surface coated cylindrical body, wherein have flatly to prop up the tube-holding body body and make it rotary cylinder body and support whirligig, in the cylindrical shell body of being supported whirligig to support by this cylindrical shell, supply with the powder feeding device that forms thickness a great deal of self-fluxing alloy powder with coating, to the heater that is heated by whole length of the cylindrical shell body of said cylindrical shell support whirligig support, with the pressue device that makes 0.3～3MPa gas pressure on said cylindrical shell body internal surface, said cylindrical shell supports whirligig can make said cylindrical shell body to produce the rotary speed rotation of 20～50G centrifugal force on the cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface position.The manufacturing installation of this structure, can be when making the intrinsic metallic solution laminar surface of said cylindrical shell be subjected to carrying out centrifugal casting under the state of 0.3～3MPa gas pressure, the cylindrical shell body is rotated under the rotary speed that produces 20～50G centrifugal force on the cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface position this moment, under 0.3～3MPa gas pressure, can not only make in the inner-surface coated layer very pettiness and improve hardness of remaining pore quantity, and make the hard particles reverse centrifuge accumulate in internal diameter one side of inner-surface coated layer and can improve case hardness, thereby can make inner-surface coated cylindrical body with the higher inner-surface coated layer of hardness by applying 20～50G centrifugal force.
The invention that technical scheme 17 relates to, be in the invention of technical scheme 14～16, said heater has can spread all over the cylindrical shell total length simultaneously to carried out the induction coil of eddy-current heating by the minizone of the circumferencial direction of the cylindrical shell of said cylindrical shell support whirligig support.According to this configuration, can heat cylindrical shell body total length simultaneously and promptly, thereby can be promptly with self-fluxing alloy powder layer heating and melting.
In sum, the present invention is owing to have such formation, promptly utilize centre spinning on cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface, to form inner-surface coated when layer of self-fluxing alloy, can make cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface position be in the state of 20～50G centrifugal action or the molten metal laminar surface is stood under the state of 0.3～3MPa gas pressure, compare with the inner-surface coated layer that existing method forms, use same self-fluxing alloy can improve the case hardness of inner-surface coated layer, have the effect that to make the good inner-surface coated cylindrical body of mar proof.And the inner-surface coated cylindrical body of manufacturing of the present invention has good mar proof, use it for ester moulding machine machine barrel and slurry and carry when going up, can access that mar proof is good, goods such as the ester moulding machine machine barrel of long service life and slurry conveying steel pipe with steel pipe etc.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 (a) and (b) are that said inner-surface coated cylindrical body manufacturing installation is in schematic perspective view under the different operating states in the expression embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 (a) and (b), (c), (d) are expression forms resin-coated layer operation on cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface with the device of Fig. 1 sectional schematic diagrams.
Fig. 3 is the sectional schematic diagram of the inner-surface coated layer of expression section structure.
Fig. 4 is the schematic perspective view of the inner-surface coated cylindrical body manufacturing installation that relates to of expression the present invention other embodiments.
Fig. 5 is the schematic perspective view of said inner-surface coated cylindrical body manufacturing installation in another embodiment of expression the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the schematic perspective view of said inner-surface coated cylindrical body manufacturing installation in the another embodiment of expression the present invention.
The curve that Fig. 7 is that expression experiment is 1 that obtain, concern between the surface roughness of cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface and acceleration time and the coating axis direction thickness deviation rate.
The curve that Fig. 8 is that expression experiment is 2 that obtain, concern between cylindrical shell body internal diameter and acceleration time and the coating axis direction thickness deviation rate.
The explanation of symbol
1, cylindrical shell body
2, self-fluxing alloy powder
3, cylindrical shell is supported whirligig
4, bear roller
5, backer roll
6, variable speed driver
7, control device
9, powder feeding device
10, powder feeding pipe
11, hopper chassis
13, heater
15,15A: lid
20, inner-surface coated cylindrical body
21, inner-surface coated layer
25, tube connector
26, swivel joint
27, pipe arrangement
28,28A: switch valve
29, vavuum pump
31, pressure-regulating valve
32, compressor
The specific embodiment
Following with reference to the description of drawings embodiments of the present invention.Fig. 1 (a) and (b) are that said inner-surface coated cylindrical body manufacturing installation is in schematic perspective view under the different conditions in the expression embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 (a) and (b), (c), (d) they are that expression forms the inner-surface coated layer of self-fluxing alloy schematic cross-sectional views in proper order with the manufacturing installation of Fig. 1 on the inner peripheral surface of cylindrical shell body, the 1st, have the cylindrical shell body of cylindric inner peripheral surface.Cylindrical shell body 1 is so long as metally all can choose wantonly, and its representative example can be enumerated various steel pipes such as machine barrels such as ester moulding machine machine barrel and slurry conveying steel pipe.The 2nd, be used on cylindrical shell body 1 inner peripheral surface forming the powder of the self-fluxing alloy of inner-surface coated layer.As the self-fluxing alloy that forms coating, can enumerate the nickel self-fluxing alloy (for example JIS, 8303 SFNi4 etc.) of extensive employing and the cobalt self-fluxing alloy of extensively employing (for example JIS, 8303 SFCo3 etc.) etc.And can also use in case of necessity in these self-fluxing alloys import any pottery in the boride that belongs to chromium system of from the self-fluxing alloy metallic solution, separating out, carbide, the boron-carbide, proportion is equal or be under it, specifically proportion is at (the BN for example: proportion 2.34, B of the hard ceramic below 7 4C: proportion 2.47, Si 3N 4: proportion 3.2, SiC: proportion 3.21, V 2O 5: proportion 3.36, VO 2: proportion 4.34, TiB 2: proportion 4.5, V 2O 3: proportion 4.87, TiC: proportion 4.94, TiB: proportion 5.09, TiN: proportion 5.43, VO: proportion 5.76, VC: proportion 5.77, ZrB 2: proportion 6.08, ZrC: proportion 6.73, NbB 2: proportion 6.97, or its compound etc.) particulate.
The 3rd, flatly to prop up tube-holding body body 1 and make it rotary cylinder body and support whirligig, two backer rolls 5 (omitting among Fig. 1) that bear roller 4, are pressed in cylindrical shell body 1 upside, the rotation that has tube-holding body body 1 downside in the present embodiment drives above-mentioned two and bears the variable speed driver 6 of roller 4 and utilize this variable speed driver 6 to control the rotary speed of bearing roller 4 and the control device 7 of acceleration etc.This variable speed driver 6 and this control device 7 can make cylindrical shell body 1 be subjected to the rotary speed rotation of 20～50G centrifugal action according to the inner peripheral surface position that can make cylindrical shell body 1.And its structure can be no more than in the short time of using the time τ that obtains of note empirical formula (A) centrifugal force that rotary speed is accelerated to more than the generation 3G.The 9th, be used in the cylindrical shell body 1 that is supported whirligig 3 supports, supplying with the powder feeding device that forms thickness respective amount self-fluxing alloy powder with coating, have the powder feeding pipe 10 of sending powder from the end in the present embodiment and keep this powder feeding pipe 10 and the hopper chassis 11 that can move at tube axial direction etc.The 13rd, be used for supported the heater of the cylindrical shell body 1 total length heating that whirligig 3 is supported by cylindrical shell, can use the induction coil that the minizone of cylindrical shell body 1 circumferencial direction is carried out the face heating shape coil of eddy-current heating along cylindrical shell body total length in the present embodiment.
Below explanation adopts the manufacturing installation of the inner-surface coated cylindrical body of above-mentioned formation to make the method for inner-surface coated cylindrical body.At first prepare metal cylindrical shell body 1, find out the surface roughness of the inner circumferential surface that is suitable for being covered.Here there is no particular restriction to the surface roughness of cylindrical shell body 1 inner peripheral surface, but preferably be chosen to be about 5～20 microns Ra.Be in the surface roughness in this scope, can easily adopt the inner surface sand-blast that has the operation of cleaning inner peripheral surface concurrently to form.In the surface roughness of finding out cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface is in 5～20 microns Ra scopes, and in cylindrical shell body 1, supply with self-fluxing alloy powder and make it after the axis equivalent arrangements, make cylindrical shell body 1 at a high speed rotation so that in the accelerator when making it equal distribution along the circumferential direction, can suppress because of powder moves the phenomenon of the uneven thickness that is caused in the tubular axis direction, this is its advantage.It is believed that this is because exist some suitable concavo-convex, can suppress the cause that powder moves along the tubular axis direction under it attracts on the inner peripheral surface of cylindrical shell body 1.Cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface upper surface roughness is high more, remarkable more to powder along the inhibition effect that the tubular axis direction moves tendency, though utilize this inhibition effect as described above surface roughness to be set in 5 microns more than the Ra, further increase if this value is set in the 20 microns inhibition effects that then almost can not look to powder to move more than the Ra.On the other hand, asperities adds trade union and causes the cost raising.Consider these factors, preferably will be defined as 20 microns Ra on the surface roughness.
Then cylindrical shell body 1 is placed cylindrical shell to support to make it to be under the horizontal state on the whirligig 3,, carry out along the operation of tubular axis direction equivalent arrangements and coating formation thickness a great deal of self-fluxing alloy powder 2 to the inside of this horizontal cylindrical shell body 1.Specifically, the powder feeding pipe 10 of powder feeding device 9 is inserted cylindrical shell body 1 inside, the appropriate location of axis direction in cylindrical shell body 1 (place or many places) the scheduled volume self-fluxing alloy powder 2 (referring to Fig. 2 (a)) of packing into, extract powder feeding pipe 10 out, block the two ends of cylindrical shell body 1 with suitable lid 15, cylindrical shell body 1 is slowly rotated with the speed that the powder in this cylindrical shell body 1 can not spread out along the circumferencial direction of cylindrical shell body.By means of this rotation, the axis direction equalization of powder 2 in cylindrical shell body 1 in the cylindrical shell body 1 of packing into spread out, so just can be along axis direction equivalent arrangements (referring to Fig. 2 (b)).According to said method with powder feeding pipe 10 when cylindrical shell body 1 is packed self-fluxing alloy powder into, owing to allow, so advantage is the powder processing ease of packing into along the tubular axis direction powder of packing into unequally.
Wherein,, be not limited to the method for note, also can adopt additive method of the operation of cylindrical shell body 1 inside along tubular axis direction equivalent arrangements and coating formation thickness a great deal of self-fluxing alloy powder.For example, powder feeding pipe 10 is inserted in the cylindrical shell body 1, adopt on one side to spray powder with certain flow from its end, Yi Bian the method that hopper chassis 11 is moved with certain speed along the tubular axis direction, also can be along tubular axis direction equivalent arrangements powder in cylindrical shell body 1.In addition, powder feeding pipe 10 as the powder of in cylindrical shell body 1, packing into, also can adopt and form supply pipe in its side with the slit-shaped ejiction opening that extends along axis direction or the ejiction opening that constitutes along a plurality of holes that axis direction is arranged side by side, by close this ejiction opening or up the state of making it in powder feeding pipe 10 along the axis direction self-fluxing alloy powder of packing into equably, this powder feeding pipe 10 is inserted in the cylindrical shell body 1, open this ejiction opening then or make it down, method with in the supply of the self-fluxing alloy powder in the powder feeding pipe 10 cylindrical shell body 1 also can dispose powder equably along axis direction.
After in cylindrical shell body 1, disposing self-fluxing alloy powder 2 equably along the tubular axis direction, supporting whirligig 3 to make cylindrical shell body 1 by means of cylindrical shell is the center rotation with its axis, makes rotary speed produce the centrifugal force of 20～50G on cylindrical shell body 1 inner peripheral surface position.Utilize this turning effort, make the self-fluxing alloy powder 2 that is loaded in the cylindrical shell body 1 spread out and stick on (referring to Fig. 2 (c)) on the cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface equably along cylindrical shell body circumferencial direction.Like this, spread out and stick on powder 2 on the cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface along cylindrical shell body circumferencial direction equalization, producing on the inner peripheral surface position under the rotary speed of the above centrifugal force of 3G, on cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface, move hardly and keep its position, thereby can on cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface, form and keep the powder bed of homogeneous wall thickness.Yet, in the accelerator of cylindrical shell body 1, produce when the inner peripheral surface position under the rotary speed of 1～2G left and right sides centrifugal force, though powder was once sticking on the cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface, but because the restraining force that centrifugal force produces is little, under the effect of the directionality on the microcosmic such as texture on cylindrical shell body 1 inner peripheral surface, position, the left and right sides can take place and move in powder, cause powder to move, so often make the tubular axis direction produce the tendency of uneven thickness along the tubular axis direction.Therefore, from cylindrical shell body 1 begin to rotate to accelerate to predetermined rotary speed during, should at short notice rotary speed be accelerated to the centrifugal force more than the inner peripheral surface position generation 3G that can make the cylindrical shell body, so that make this uneven thickness produce (also should be in the scope of allowing) hardly even produce along the tubular axis direction.Specifically, for the cylindrical shell body 1 that the surface roughness of finding out inner peripheral surface is in 5～20 microns Ra, should not exceed by following empirical formula (A):
τ (second)=3 * 10 5/ D 3... in the short time of the time τ that (A) obtains, cylindrical shell body 1 is quickened, make the rotary speed of this cylindrical shell body 1 in the above-mentioned short time, reach the rotary speed that produces the above centrifugal force of above-mentioned 3G.This method can make on cylindrical shell body 1 inner peripheral surface and to form and paste thickness along the minimum self-fluxing alloy powder layer of the tubular axis deviation of directivity.Wherein the basis of relevant this empirical formula (A) sees aftermentioned for details.
1 rotation of cylindrical shell body is reached after the inner peripheral surface position produces the predetermined rotary speed of 20～50G centrifugal force, cylindrical shell body 1 is remained under this rotary speed, under the state that continues rotation, heat cylindrical shell bodies 1 so that after intrinsic powder 2 fusions of cylindrical shell, remain on this molten condition with heater 13.Can on the inner peripheral surface of cylindrical shell body 1, form the Metal Melting liquid layer of self-fluxing alloy like this.Here the molten condition in the said molten metal not necessarily only refers to all states of fusion fully of powder, but also refers at least a portion powder melts, make between the powder and can fusion attached to the state on the cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface.Therefore, heating-up temperature with 13 pairs of cylindrical shell bodies 1 of heater, can select to make the self-fluxing alloy powder that sticks on cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface partial melting at least, so that between the powder and can fusion attached to the temperature of cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface, specifically can select to surpass the temperature of solidus in the self-fluxing alloy state diagram.
The heating-up temperature of cylindrical shell body 1 is high more on the one hand, and the ratio of powder melts is just big more, becomes molten condition at last fully.Though it is believed that to be in fully and can form more fine and close under the molten condition and do not have the fusion of pore and pin hole to adhere to coating at powder, but discovery according to inventor etc., coating is adhered in the fusion of pore-free and pin hole even the not necessarily complete fusion of powder also can form densification.And in a single day powder is under the complete molten condition, though the mobile performance of melting layer makes coating thickness along tubular axis direction equalization, even thereby the powder bed that sticks on the cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface has the inequality on the thickness also can obtain modifying, but as mentioned above, if powder bed almost is under the state that does not have uneven thickness when forming, then there is no need to revise the inequality of thickness with complete molten condition.On the other hand, in case make the complete fusion of powder, just must improve the heating-up temperature of cylindrical shell body 1, this can increase consumption of heat energy certainly, and also can prolong heat time heating time.And in case be under the complete molten condition above the liquidus temperature of self-fluxing alloy, helping to improve particles such as the metal boride of self-fluxing alloy hardness or metal silicide can thereby the hardness reduction occur or sneak into the shortcoming of oxide because fusing or oxidation consumption reduce.Consider these factors, the upper limit of cylindrical shell body 1 heating-up temperature should select to make the temperature of self-fluxing alloy in the cylindrical shell body to be no more than the liquidus temperature relevant with this self-fluxing alloy fusion; More preferably make the arrival temperature of self-fluxing alloy solution, be lower than from the fusion of this self-fluxing alloy with solidify relevant liquidus temperature temperature apart from solidus 70% position to the solid-liquid coexistence temperature.
The rotary speed of cylindrical shell body 1 as mentioned above, is defined as producing the rotary speed of 20～50G centrifugal action during to self-fluxing alloy powder layer heating and melting.Yet know in the past, when the self-fluxing alloy powder layer fusion that this inner body surface of cylindrical shell is formed is densified, by making the action of centrifugal force of cylindrical shell body 1 rotation, the effect of bubble is removed in increase from the self-fluxing alloy liquation, in the method that the patent documentation 2 of last note is put down in writing, under the above centrifugal action state of 2G, carry out melt process.Yet, effect by means of centrifugal force is removed bubble improved along with the increase of centrifugal force before centrifugal force is increased to 7～8G, but even centrifugal force is increased to this more than numerical value, the effect of removing of bubble also increases hardly, and therefore centrifugal force is in below the 10G at most in the past.In contrast to this, but adopt the centrifugal force of 20～50G in the present embodiment.Centrifugal force by means of high G like this, not only bubble remove effective, and be present in the hard ceramic particulate that proportion in the molten metal is lower than purpose metal phase and also have the effect of assembling to internal diameter one side reverse centrifuge, can increase substantially the hardness of superficial layer like this.That is to say, proportion 6.2), carbide (Cr purpose metal in the self-fluxing alloy liquation is Ni (proportion 8.9), Cr (proportion 8.5), Co (proportion 8.85) etc., and the boride of the chromium of from molten metal, the separating out system in the hard ceramic particulate that exists in the alloy liquation to be proportion be in 6～7 scopes (CrB: 3C 2: proportion 6.68, Cr 7C 3: proportion 6.92) or by its boron-carbide that is composited (about proportion 6～7) etc.Though the proportion of these hard ceramic particulates is lower than purpose metal phase, but its difference is little, so in the past under the centrifugal force about the 3～8G that carries out, almost can not assemble, under the high G centrifugal force of 20～50G, just can be implemented in internal diameter one side reverse centrifuge and assemble at the internal diameter one side reverse centrifuge of Metal Melting liquid layer.
The time that the self-fluxing alloy powder of cylindrical shell body 1 inner peripheral surface is kept under molten condition, preferably set in the scope in 10～180 seconds.This time, the diffusion bond of molten metal and base metal was insufficient when being lower than for 10 seconds, and perhaps the low-gravity ceramic particle is assembled insufficiently in internal diameter one side; Otherwise if surpassed for 180 seconds, then the hard ceramic particulate in the molten metal reduces because of fusing or oxidation consumption, and existence can not improve hardness or sneak into the shortcoming of oxide.In view of such circumstances, at heating cylindrical shell body 1 so that intrinsic powder 2 fusions of cylindrical shell and keeping under the situation of molten condition, be the heating setpoint of cylindrical shell body 1 that temperature at the self-fluxing alloy powder of inside surpasses the solidus temperature relevant with this self-fluxing alloy fusion preferably, but but be no more than the temperature of liquidus curve, simultaneously the retention time under the said molten condition be selected in for 10～180 seconds.
After keeping the scheduled time under the molten condition, continue to make cylindrical shell body 1 under rotation, to transfer to cooling stage self-fluxing alloy powder, the fusion self-fluxing alloy in the cylindrical shell body 1 is solidified.This cooling can be adopted in the stove cooling or insulation cooling or put any cooling means such as cold, air cooling, if but cool off too fastly, the self-fluxing alloy coating that solidifies will crack because of thermal stress.Therefore, should test obtain do not crack, cooling system that the time is short as far as possible again.
In sum, make self-fluxing alloy cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface all fusion once adhere to, can form the self-fluxing alloy coating, cylindrical shell body 1 from device taken out thereafter, shown in Fig. 2 (d), can be formed in the inner-surface coated cylindrical body 20 that has the inner-surface coated layer 21 of self-fluxing alloy on the inner peripheral surface of cylindrical shell body 1.The inner-surface coated layer 21 of resulting self-fluxing alloy, the extreme hardness on surface (inner peripheral surface), and also minimum along the thickness deviation of tubular axis direction and circumferencial direction.
With microscope the section of the inner-surface coated layer 21 of the inner-surface coated cylindrical body 20 that obtains with above operation being observed the back finds, shown in Fig. 3 signal like that, inner-surface coated layer 21 has the layer structure that is made of superficial layer 21a, intermediate layer 21b and boundary layer 21c.Superficial layer 21a becomes white cross-like tissue and the tissue that exists mixes in black cross-like tissue part, and each cross-like tissue part becomes the tissue of the meticulous distribution of most microgranular precipitate in a kind of purpose metal (parent metal).This superficial layer 21a is as described later shown in the embodiment 1～4, demonstrates high hardness (for example 818～927Hv).Can see that microgranular precipitate is tabular, block and mottled etc., find that the major part of its metal ingredient is a chromium after measuring its chemical composition.Therefore can think that this superficial layer 21a is owing to chromium compounds such as the boride that makes chromium system, carbide, boron-carbide are that the hard ceramic particulate makes it become the hard layer that has improved hardness with the high density distribution, thereby the demonstration high rigidity.Intermediate layer 21b becomes the tissue that a kind of microgranular precipitate in parent metal is dispensed in small quantity, and its hardness is lower than superficial layer.Boundary layer 21c becomes a kind of eutectic precipitate in parent metal and is the lamellar tissue that minute quantity is disperseed, and its hardness is lower.Can think that this is owing to the result who carries out centrifugal casting under the high G, non-metallic inclusions such as hard ceramic particulate contained in the parent metal are to the internal diameter side shifting, and boundary layer 21c almost becomes the cause of the clean layer of being made up of parent metal.This boundary layer 21c is owing to be the clean layer that does not almost have non-metallic inclusion, so good-toughness, be equivalent to tilt to form structure and support hard surface layer 21a well by intermediate layer 21b formation, form with base metal (cylindrical shell body 1) simultaneously and follow engaging of good diffusion.Like this, inner-surface coated layer 21 is the extreme hardness on surface (inner peripheral surface) not only, but also have proper toughness and with the characteristics such as good bond of base metal, its mar proof, resistance to impact and anti-fissility etc. are also good.
The superficial layer 21a of above-mentioned inner-surface coated layer 21, though high rigidity is just high more and mar proof is good more more for chromium component concentration, if hardness is too high, manufacturing is just had any problem.Therefore, the chromium component concentration of superficial layer 21a preferably fixes on about 20～40 quality %.21c non-metallic inclusion few more toughness in boundary layer is just good more, and follows the engagement characteristics of diffusion also good more and preferred with base metal, and specifically the microscope inspection of non-metallic inclusion goes out area occupation ratio preferably below 0.1%.
In the above-mentioned embodiment, to 1 heating of the cylindrical shell body in the rotation, so that during inner self-fluxing alloy powder fusion, become the state that has air to enter in the cylindrical shell body, but the invention is not restricted to this structure, the present invention can be under the decompression state in the cylindrical shell body and carry out, and can make coating inner air vent minimization like this, perhaps under the non-oxidizing atmosphere state, carry out, so also can make self-fluxing alloy oxidation minimization.Fig. 4 is expression is used for being in the manufacturing installation that carries out the self-fluxing alloy powder heating operation under the decompression state in the cylindrical shell body a example.In this manufacturing installation, the lid 15A that is installed in cylindrical shell body 1 one ends is connected with tube connector 25, and this tube connector 25 is connected with pipe arrangement 27 by swivel joint 26, is connected with switch valve 28 and vavuum pump 29 on this pipe arrangement 27.Other structures are identical with manufacturing installation shown in Figure 1.Occasion at the manufacturing installation that uses Fig. 4, shown in Fig. 2 (a), after in cylindrical shell body 1, supplying with self-fluxing alloy powder 2, as shown in Figure 4, lid 15 and 15A are installed in two ends at cylindrical shell body 1, inside is communicated with vavuum pump 29, start vavuum pump 29 so that be under the decompression state in the cylindrical shell body 1, similarly make 1 rotation of cylindrical shell body with above-mentioned embodiment, allow 20～50G centrifugal action on the inner peripheral surface position of cylindrical shell body 1, under this state, carry out self-fluxing alloy powder heating and melting and solidify.Can form inner-surface coated layer like this with extreme hardness superficial layer.In addition owing to when heating and melting, be under the decompression in the cylindrical shell body 1, so in the molten metal bubble remove the effect height, can form the minimum inner-surface coated layer of remaining pore.In addition, do not use vavuum pump 29 but be connected on the device of supplying with inert gas, make in the cylindrical shell body 1 to be full of inert gas, form the non-oxidation gas atmosphere, under this state, carry out self-fluxing alloy powder heating and melting and solidify, also can make the oxidation minimization of self-fluxing alloy.More than in Shuo Ming each embodiment, on the inner peripheral surface of cylindrical shell body 1, form the moment of self-fluxing alloy powder layer, the inner peripheral surface position of cylindrical shell body has been under 20～50G action of centrifugal force, but the present invention is not limited to this situation, also can be when the self-fluxing alloy powder layer forms, make 1 rotation of cylindrical shell body with the rotary speed that the inner peripheral surface position is applied suitable centrifugal force more than the 3G, after heating and melting powder bed under this state is with the formation molten metal, improve the rotary speed of cylindrical shell body 1 again, work makes it to solidify under this state in order to the centrifugal force of 20～50G.
Fig. 5 is illustrated in the inner-surface coated cylindrical body manufacturing installation that uses in other embodiments of the present invention.The manufacturing installation of this embodiment, same with embodiment shown in Figure 4, the lid 15A that is installed in cylindrical shell body 1 one ends is connected with tube connector 25, this tube connector 25 is connected with the pipe arrangement 27 with switch valve 28 by swivel joint 26, but different with embodiment shown in Figure 4, connect pressue device on this pipe arrangement 27 with pressure-regulating valve 31 and compressor 32.The structure of this pressue device can make the effect that is subjected to 0.3～3MPa air pressure in the cylindrical shell body 1 at least.In addition, also can use the pressurization steel cylinder to replace compressor 32.In this occasion, make the structure of pressurization steel cylinder with 1 rotation of cylindrical shell body, can omit swivel joint 26.In the occasion of using the pressurization steel cylinder, the preferred pressurization steel cylinder of having enclosed inert atmospheres such as nitrogen that adopts.Other structures are identical with the embodiment of Fig. 1.
Below the manufacture method of the inner-surface coated cylindrical body of manufacturing installation shown in Figure 5 is used in explanation.Also be in cylindrical shell body 1, to supply with self-fluxing alloy powder 2 (referring to Fig. 2 (a)) in the present embodiment, use the two ends of lid 15 and 15A closed cylinder body 1 then, cylindrical shell body 1 is slowly rotated, allow powder 2 spread out along the axis direction equalization.Operation hereto is identical with the occasion of using manufacturing installation shown in Figure 1.
In cylindrical shell body 1 after tubular axis direction configuration self-fluxing alloy powder 2, utilize cylindrical shell to support whirligig 3 to quicken, up at the centrifugal force that produces on the inner peripheral surface of cylindrical shell body 1 more than the 3G, preferably produce till the predetermined rotary speed of the above centrifugal force of 10G, and then keep this rotary speed.So, the self-fluxing alloy powder 2 that is loaded in the cylindrical shell body 1 will spread out along cylindrical shell body circumferencial direction equalization, sticks on the cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface.In this occasion, make cylindrical shell body 1 when predetermined rotary speed is quickened, the powder bed that forms on cylindrical shell body 1 inner peripheral surface produces thickness deviation (also being in the permissible range even produce) hardly in the tubular axis direction, when accelerating to the rotary speed that makes the above centrifugal force of generation 3G in the short time of inner peripheral surface position, specifically, surface roughness for the inner peripheral surface surface is the cylindrical shell body 1 of 5～20 microns Ra, cylindrical shell body 1 is quickened, make the rotary speed of this cylindrical shell body 1, be no more than by following empirical formula (A):
τ (second)=3 * 10 5/ D 3... reach the rotary speed that produces the above centrifugal force of above-mentioned 3G in the short time of the time τ that (A) obtains.Like this, can form on cylindrical shell body 1 inner peripheral surface and paste thickness along the minimum self-fluxing alloy powder layer of the deviation on the tubular axis direction.
After reaching the predetermined rotary speed that produces the above centrifugal force of 3G, under this rotary speed, keep cylindrical shell body 1, continuing to utilize heater 13 to heat cylindrical shell body 1 under the rotating conditions, so that keep molten condition after powder 2 fusions in the cylindrical shell body 1.Can on the inner peripheral surface of cylindrical shell body 1, form the liquation layer of self-fluxing alloy like this.Under this occasion, can suitably select temperature with 1 heating of 13 pairs of cylindrical shell bodies of heater, make the self-fluxing alloy powder that sticks on cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface partial melting at least, can make like this powder each other and powder fusion on cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface adhere to.Specifically, can select to surpass the temperature of solidus in the self-fluxing alloy state diagram.
After in cylindrical shell body 1, forming the Metal Melting liquid layer, start compressor 32 the molten metal surface in the cylindrical shell body 1 is under the effect of 0.3～3MPa air pressure.Like this, remain in pore in the molten metal and under gas pressure, be compressed into its volume and reduce, become very trickle.Here will act on the reason that the lip-deep air pressure of molten metal fixes on 0.3～3MPa is, when being lower than this scope, the pore volume to reduce effect little, and surpassing under the air pressure of this scope, because of air pressure increases equipment cost is increased substantially, and the effect that reduces of pore volume also almost no longer improve.The self-fluxing alloy powder of cylindrical shell body 1 inner peripheral surface remained on molten condition and be in time under 0.3～3MPa gas pressure, preferably be in 10～180 second scopes.The reason of She Dinging is like this, this time is during less than 10 seconds, insufficient with the diffusion bond of molten metal base metal, perhaps pore compression causes that the effect that volume reduces is insufficient, on the other hand, if surpassed for 180 seconds, the hard ceramic particulate in the molten metal will reduce because of fusing or oxidation consumption, thereby can not improve the drawback that oxide is sneaked in hardness or generation.
With self-fluxing alloy powder keep under the molten condition preset time and with 0.3～3MPa air pressure to its effect after, keeping transferring to cooling stage under this state, the fusion self-fluxing alloy in the cylindrical shell body 1 is solidified.Can form the inner-surface coated layer that remaining pore is few, hardness is big by above method.
In the employing in the inner-surface coated operation of manufacturing installation of note Fig. 5, with the powder heating and melting on cylindrical shell body 1 inner peripheral surface and to its inner face apply 0.3～3MPa air pressure during, be applied to the rotary speed on the cylindrical shell body 1, as mentioned above, be decided to be the rotary speed that on inner peripheral surface, produces the above centrifugal action of 3G.This be because, producing on the inner peripheral surface under the rotary speed of the above centrifugal action of 3G, can along the circumferential direction impartial dispense powders on the inner peripheral surface of cylindrical shell body 1, can stop powder along the circumferential direction to move after distributing simultaneously with axis direction, keep its position, and the molten metal that heating and melting produces can keep certain thickness cause at circumferencial direction.That is to say that the centrifugal force on acting on cylindrical shell body 1 inner peripheral surface is in 3G when above, can form the inner-surface coated layer of thickness homogeneous.
As mentioned above, in order to form the inner-surface coated layer of homogeneous thickness, though cylindrical shell body 1 can be set under the rotary speed that makes the above centrifugal force of effect 3G on this inner peripheral surface, be preferably set to the rotary speed that makes cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface position produce the above centrifugal force of 10G.Like this, when the Metal Melting liquid layer of centrifugal action on cylindrical shell body 1 inner peripheral surface that makes more than the 10G, in the Metal Melting liquid layer, comprise in the Zone Full of thickness direction and will impartially produce compression stress, the fluctuation that gas-pressurized is pressed into mouth and so on pressurized behavior will be transformed under the state that is in alleviation, during 0.3～3MPa air pressure is to this molten metal laminar surface generation effect, can prevent that gas-pressurized from connecting the phenomenon appearance at interface between the interior pore of Metal Melting liquid layer or perforation Metal Melting liquid layer and the cylindrical shell body.Can form the inner-surface coated layer that does not almost have pin hole like this.
In addition, when the intrinsic molten metal laminar surface of cylindrical shell being in carry out centrifugal casting under the state of 0.3～3MPa gas pressure, also can make the cylindrical shell body in advance to rotate under the rotary speed that produces 20～50G centrifugal force in cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface position.Like this, the intrinsic molten metal laminar surface of cylindrical shell is in when carrying out centrifugal casting under the state of 0.3～3MPa gas pressure, if this Metal Melting liquid layer is under 20～50G action of centrifugal force, not only can improve hardness because of pore quantity remaining in the inner-surface coated layer is atomic, and by applying the centrifugal force of 20～50G, can also make the hard particles reverse centrifuge accumulate in internal diameter one side of inner-surface coated layer, thereby can improve case hardness, thereby can make inner-surface coated cylindrical body with the higher inner-surface coated layer of hardness.
Document is executed in the mode on the manufacturing installation that uses Fig. 5, when heating makes inner self-fluxing alloy powder fusion to the cylindrical shell body 1 in the rotation, become the state that air enters in the cylindrical shell body, but the present invention is not limited to this structure, also can make and under being in decompression state, carry out in the cylindrical shell body perhaps under the state of non-oxidizing atmosphere, carrying out to realize the oxidation minimization of self-fluxing alloy to realize the pore minimization in the coating.Fig. 6 is that expression can make the schematic diagram that is in 1 example of manufacturing installation that carries out the operation of self-fluxing alloy powder heating and melting under the decompression state in the cylindrical shell body.Swivel joint 26 in this manufacturing installation, not only by pipe arrangement 27 with have the pressue device of pressure-regulating valve 31 and be connected with compressor 32, but also be connected with vavuum pump 29A with switch valve 28A by pipe arrangement 27A.Other structures are identical with manufacturing installation shown in Figure 5.In the occasion of using manufacturing installation shown in Figure 6, it is last to supply with self-fluxing powder in cylindrical shell body 1, lid 15 and 15A are installed in two ends at cylindrical shell body 1, the two ends of cylindrical shell body 1 are closed, at first starting vavuum pump 29A makes in the cylindrical shell body 1 and is under the decompression state, make 1 rotation of cylindrical shell body equally with the embodiment of last note, the inner peripheral surface position of cylindrical shell body 1 is under the above centrifugal action of 3G, under this state, carry out the heating and melting of self-fluxing alloy powder.And then after forming melting layer, stop vavuum pump 29A, and start the effect that compressor 32 makes the surface of the intrinsic Metal Melting liquid layer of cylindrical shell bear 0.3～3MPa air pressure, after keeping preset time under this state, cool off and solidify.Can form remaining pore inner-surface coated layer still less like this.Wherein, also can be connected to replace vavuum pump 29A, make in the cylindrical shell body 1 to be full of inert gas, form the non-oxidation gas atmosphere with the inert gas feedway, under this state, carry out the heating and melting of self-fluxing alloy powder, can realize the minimization of self-fluxing alloy oxidation like this.
In each embodiment of last note, can use and spread all over cylindrical shell body total length is carried out eddy-current heating simultaneously to the minizone of cylindrical shell body 1 circumferencial direction linearity induction coil (face hot type coil), as the heater 13 of heating cylindrical shell body 1.Adopt the heater 13 of the induction coil of this structure to heat cylindrical shell body 1 total length homogeneous at short notice, because cylindrical shell body 1 is with rotation at a high speed, so have the advantage that can heat cylindrical shell body 1 all homogeneous at short notice.Yet, heater 13 to the heating of the total length of cylindrical shell body 1, be not limited to this device, can do suitable change, for example also can use to be provided with to such an extent that substantially surround the cylindrical shell body simultaneously to the induction coil of the multi-thread cast formula of all eddy-current heating of cylindrical shell body along total length.
Below be illustrated as to derive and go up the experiment that note empirical formula (A) is carried out.
(1) experiment 1
As cylindrical shell body 1, prepared cylindrical shell body sample A, B and the C of following shape.
Sample A: 1250 millimeters of 44 millimeters * length of 125 millimeters * internal diameter of external diameter
Material: SCM410
Inner peripheral surface: sandblast processing (20 microns Ra of inner peripheral surface roughness)
Sample B: 1250 millimeters of 44 millimeters * length of 125 millimeters * internal diameter of external diameter
Material: SCM410
Inner peripheral surface: sandblast processing (5 microns Ra of inner peripheral surface roughness)
Sample C: 1250 millimeters of 44 millimeters * length of 125 millimeters * internal diameter of external diameter
Material: SCM410
Inner peripheral surface: honing processing (0.5 micron Ra of inner peripheral surface roughness)
Under the following conditions, respectively the inner peripheral surface of these samples A, B and C has been carried out self-fluxing alloy lining processing with Fig. 1, device shown in Figure 2.
Self-fluxing alloy powder: ヘ ガ Woo ス #1355-20
Solidus temperature: 970 ℃
Liquidus temperature: 1070 ℃
Packing into of powder: the 2.5 kilograms of powder of packing into of the place in cylindrical shell body 1.The cylindrical shell body is rotated with 70 rev/mins of speed, be dispersed within the cylindrical shell body 1 along the axis direction homogeneous so as to making powder.
The acceleration of cylindrical shell body: accelerate to 350 rev/mins (producing the rotary speeies of 3G centrifugal action) from inactive state with the time chien shih cylindrical shell body 1 shown in the table 1.After reaching this rotary speed, keep this rotary speed.
The heating of cylindrical shell body: cylindrical shell body 1 is heated to 1050 ℃.With this inner powder is warmed up under the identical substantially temperature, makes powder become partially molten state.Under this temperature, kept for 30 seconds then.
The cooling of cylindrical shell body: place cooling.
Operate in more than the utilization and formed inner-surface coated layer on the inner peripheral surface of each sample cylindrical shell body.The thickness of these inner-surface coated layers and the thickness deviation rate on the axis direction have been measured.Represent its result with the curve of table 1 and Fig. 7.
Table 1
Test number Cylindrical shell body sample Interior surface roughness (μ mRa) Interior method for processing surface To the acceleration time of 3G Coating thickness (mm) Thickness deviation rate (%)
Test 1 ???A ????20 Sandblast ????15 ??????2 ?????25
Test 2 ???A ????20 Sandblast ????2 ??????2 Do not have
Test 3 ???B ????5 Sandblast ????15 ??????2 ?????35
Test 4 ???B ????5 Sandblast ????2 ??????2 Do not have
Test 5 ???C ????0.5 Honing ????2 ??????2 ?????20
The curve shows of table 1 and Fig. 7, the acceleration time, short more thickness deviation rate was more little, and the big more thickness deviation rate of the roughness of cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface is more little.Therefore can confirm, strengthen the inner peripheral surface roughness and can effectively prevent coating thick partially along axis direction.
(2) experiment 2
As cylindrical shell body 1, prepared cylindrical shell body sample D, E and the F of following shape.
Sample D: 1250 millimeters of 27 millimeters * length of 125 millimeters * internal diameter of external diameter
Material: SCM410
Inner peripheral surface: sandblast processing, 5 microns Ra of inner peripheral surface roughness
Sample E: 1250 millimeters of 35 millimeters * length of 125 millimeters * internal diameter of external diameter
Material: SCM410
Inner peripheral surface: sandblast processing, 5 microns Ra of inner peripheral surface roughness
Sample F: 1250 millimeters of 44 millimeters * length of 125 millimeters * internal diameter of external diameter
Material: SCM410
Inner peripheral surface: sandblast processing, 5 microns Ra of inner peripheral surface roughness
Under the following conditions, respectively the inner peripheral surface of these samples D, E and F has been carried out self-fluxing alloy lining processing with Fig. 1, device shown in Figure 2.
Use self-fluxing alloy powder: ヘ ガ Woo ス #1355-20
Solidus temperature: 970 ℃
Liquidus temperature: 1070 ℃
Packing into of powder: pack into the powder of quantity shown in the table 2 of the place in cylindrical shell body 1.Make cylindrical shell body 1 with 70 rev/mins of speed rotations 20 seconds then, be dispersed within the cylindrical shell body 1 along the axis direction homogeneous so as to making powder.
The acceleration of cylindrical shell body: accelerate to the rotary speed shown in the table 2 (producing the rotary speed of 3G centrifugal action) from inactive state with the time chien shih cylindrical shell body 1 shown in the table 2.After reaching this rotary speed, keep this rotary speed.
The heating of cylindrical shell body: cylindrical shell body 1 is heated to 1020 ℃.With this inner powder is warmed up under the identical substantially temperature, makes powder become partially molten state.Under this temperature, kept for 60 seconds then.
The cooling of cylindrical shell body: place cooling.
Operate in more than the utilization and formed inner-surface coated layer on the inner peripheral surface of each sample cylindrical shell body.The thickness of these inner-surface coated layers and the thickness deviation rate on the axis direction have been measured.Represent its result with the curve of table 2 and Fig. 8.
Table 2
Test number Cylindrical shell body sample Cylinder internal diameter (mm) Powder feeding amount (kilogram) To the acceleration time of 3G Rotary speed (rpm) Coating thickness (mm) Thickness deviation rate (%)
Test 6 ????D ????27 ????1.5 ????20 ????450 ????2 ????15
Test 7 ????D ????27 ????1.5 ????15 ????450 ????2 Do not have
Test 8 ????E ????35 ????2.0 ????15 ????390 ????2 ????25
Test 9 ????E ????35 ????2.0 ????10 ????390 ????2 ????20
Test 10 ????E ????35 ????2.0 ????5 ????390 ????2 Do not have
Test 11 ????F ????44 ????2.5 ????10 ????350 ????2 ????25
Test 12 ????F ????44 ????2.5 ????5 ????350 ????2 ????15
Test 13 ????F ????44 ????2.5 ????2 ????350 ????2 Do not have
The curve shows of table 2 and Fig. 8, the acceleration time, short more thickness deviation rate was more little, and the thickness deviation rate increases and increase along with internal diameter, diminished for the thickness deviation rate is suppressed to numerical value, must shorten the acceleration time.And in the curve of Fig. 8, drawn and represented to produce hardly the curve 35 of thickness deviation, these following empirical formulas of curve 35 usefulness (A) obtain.
τ (second)=3 * 10 5/ D 3... (A)
(D is the internal diameter of cylindrical shell, mm)
Therefore, be in 5 microns cylindrical shell bodies more than the Ra for the inner peripheral surface roughness and carry out self-fluxing alloy when lining, with powder along axis direction in the cylindrical shell body after the equivalent arrangements, if make the cylindrical shell body reach the required time of rotary speed that produces the above centrifugal force of 3G, be set in the numerical value that is no more than the time τ that obtains by last note empirical formula (A), then can form thickness does not almost have deviation along the tubular axis direction coating.
Embodiment
[embodiment 1～4]
(1) the cylindrical shell body 1 and the self-fluxing alloy powder of following shape have been prepared.
Cylindrical shell body: 1250 millimeters of 44 millimeters * length of 125 millimeters * internal diameter of external diameter
Material: SCM410
Inner peripheral surface: sandblast processing, inner peripheral surface (20 microns Ra of roughness)
Self-fluxing alloy powder: ヘ ガ Woo ス #1560
Solidus temperature: 980 ℃
Liquidus temperature: 1200 ℃
(2) formation of the supply of powder and powder bed
Cylindrical shell body 1 is placed on the manufacturing installation shown in Figure 1 the 2.5 kilograms of powder of packing into of a place in this cylindrical shell body 1.After using the closed at both ends of lid 15 then, make this cylindrical shell body 1 rotate for 20 seconds with 70 rev/mins of speed with cylindrical shell body G.So as to powder is dispersed within the cylindrical shell body 1 along the axis direction homogeneous.
Then the rotation of cylindrical shell body 1 is accelerated to inner peripheral surface and is in rotary speed under 26G (embodiment 1), 34G (embodiment 2), 42G (embodiment 3) and 50G (embodiment 4) centrifugal action respectively, reach this rotary speed after, keep this rotary speed.The acceleration of this moment is decided to be in 2 seconds centrifugal force from 0 acceleration that reaches 3G.
(3) heating and melting of powder and solidifying
Cylindrical shell body 1 is heated to 1050 ℃.With this inner powder also is warmed up under the identical substantially temperature, makes powder become partially molten state.After cylindrical shell body 1 is heated to 1050 ℃, under this temperature, kept for 30 seconds, stop heating then, put cold.The Metal Melting liquid layer of cylindrical shell body 1 inner face is solidified, thereby on the inner peripheral surface of cylindrical shell body, form inner-surface coated layer.
(4) hardness of inner-surface coated layer is measured
The inner-surface coated layer thickness that obtains is 2 millimeters.Measured the hardness of 0.5 millimeter position of this inner-surface coated layer depth, 1.0 millimeters positions and 1.5 millimeters positions.It the results are shown among the table 3.
[reference examples 1～3]
The cylindrical shell body 1 and the self-fluxing alloy powder of use and embodiment 1 same shape are applying on the inner peripheral surface of cylindrical shell body 1 centrifugal force of 4G, 10G and 18G when heating except that powder bed, and all the other and embodiment 1 have formed inner-surface coated layer under identical conditions.The inner-surface coated layer that is obtained has been measured hardness equally with embodiment 1～4.Its result also is shown among the table 3.
Table 3
Centrifugal force Hardness (Hv5)
Hardness locate (apart from the surface degree of depth mm) On average
????0.5 ????1.0 ????1.5
Reference examples 1 ????4 ????650 ????560 ????473 ????561
Reference examples 2 ????10 ????781 ????560 ????480 ????607
Reference examples 3 ????18 ????792 ????565 ????490 ????616
Embodiment 1 ????26 ????818 ????584 ????502 ????629
Embodiment 2 ????34 ????857 ????841 ????549 ????725
Embodiment 3 ????42 ????874 ????857 ????613 ????769
Embodiment 4 ????50 ????927 ????532 ????465 ????637
The presentation of results of table 3 improves the embodiment 1～4 of centrifugal casting under the centrifugal force, compares with the reference examples that centrifugal force is low, and the case hardness of inner-surface coated layer is high.Therefore can confirm, use same self-fluxing alloy, adopt the present invention can improve the case hardness of inner-surface coated layer.Inner-surface coated layer the section incision that embodiment 2 forms is carried out finding after the microexamination as shown in Figure 3, have three-decker, and superficial layer 21a forms the extremely many tissues of a kind of hard ceramic particulate.Can think that such structure could improve hardness significantly.
[embodiment 5～7]
(1) the cylindrical shell body 1 and the self-fluxing alloy powder of following shape have been prepared.
Cylindrical shell body: 1250 millimeters of 44 millimeters * length of 125 millimeters * internal diameter of external diameter
Material: SCM410
Inner peripheral surface: sandblast processing (20 microns Ra of inner peripheral surface roughness)
Self-fluxing alloy powder: ヘ ガ Woo ス #1560
Solidus temperature: 980 ℃
Liquidus temperature: 1200 ℃
(2) formation of the supply of powder and powder bed
Cylindrical shell body 1 is placed on the manufacturing installation shown in Figure 5 a place 2.5 kilograms of powder of packing in this cylindrical shell body 1.After using lid 15, the closed at both ends of 15A then, make this cylindrical shell body 1 rotate for 20 seconds with 70 rev/mins of speed with cylindrical shell body G.So as to powder is dispersed within the cylindrical shell body 1 along the axis direction homogeneous.
Then the rotation of cylindrical shell body 1 is accelerated to inner peripheral surface and is in rotary speed under the 10G centrifugal action respectively, reach this rotary speed after, keep this rotary speed.The acceleration of this moment is decided to be in 2 seconds centrifugal force from 0 acceleration that reaches 3G.
(3) heating and melting of powder and solidifying
Cylindrical shell body 1 is heated to 1050 ℃.With this inner powder also is warmed up under the identical substantially temperature, makes powder become partially molten state.After cylindrical shell body 1 heated to 1050 ℃, start compressor 32, make under the effect that is in 0.3MPa (embodiment 5), 0.6MPa (embodiment 6) and 1.0MPa (embodiment 7) air pressure in the cylindrical shell body 1, under this temperature, kept for 15 seconds, stop heating then and it is put cold.The metallic solution layer of cylindrical shell body 1 inner face is solidified, on the inner peripheral surface of cylindrical shell body, form inner-surface coated layer.
(4) hardness of inner-surface coated layer is measured
The inner-surface coated layer thickness that obtains is 2 millimeters.Measured the hardness of 0.5 millimeter, 1.0 millimeters and 1.5 millimeters position of this inner-surface coated layer depth.The results are shown among the table 4.
[reference examples 4]
The cylindrical shell body 1 and the self-fluxing alloy powder of use and embodiment 5 same shapes apply in cylindrical shell body 1 when heating except that powder bed 0 air pressure, and all the other and embodiment 5 have formed inner-surface coated layer under identical conditions.The inner-surface coated layer that is obtained has been measured hardness equally with embodiment 5～7.Its result also is shown among the table 4.
Table 4
Air pressure (MPa) Hardness (Hv5)
Hardness locate (apart from the surface degree of depth mm) On average
????0.5 ????1.0 ????1.5
Reference examples 4 ????0 ????781 ????560 ????480 ????607
Embodiment 5 ????0.3 ????792 ????652 ????600 ????681
Embodiment 6 ????0.6 ????825 ????748 ????620 ????731
Embodiment 7 ????1.0 ????841 ????766 ????680 ????762
The presentation of results of table 4 makes cylindrical shell body 1 interior Metal Melting liquid layer be in the embodiment 5～7 of centrifugal casting under the above gas pressure of 0.3MPa, compares with the reference examples 4 of no gas pressure, and its case hardness increases.Therefore can confirm, use same self-fluxing alloy, adopt the present invention can improve the case hardness of inner-surface coated layer.
[embodiment 8]
Use cylindrical shell body 1 and self-fluxing alloy powder with embodiment 2 same shapes, this cylindrical shell body 1 is placed on the manufacturing installation shown in Figure 5, during to the powder heating and melting except that the inner peripheral surface that makes cylindrical shell body 1 is in the 1.0MPa gas pressure, all the other with embodiment 2 identical conditions when heating and melting (so, the inner peripheral surface of cylindrical shell body 1 is in the condition under the 34G centrifugal action) under formed inner-surface coated layer.The inner-surface coated layer that is obtained has been measured hardness similarly to Example 2.The result of its result and embodiment 2 is shown among the table 5 in the lump.
Table 5
Air pressure (MPa) Hardness (Hv5)
Hardness locate (apart from the surface degree of depth mm) On average
????0.5 ????1.0 ????1.5
Embodiment 2 ????0 ????857 ????841 ????549 ????725
Embodiment 8 ????1.0 ????900 ????912 ????796 ????869
The presentation of results of table 5 makes the inner peripheral surface position of cylindrical shell body 1 stand the 34G centrifugal action, is subjected to carry out under the 1.0MPa gas pressure embodiment 8 of centrifugal casting simultaneously, compares with the embodiment 2 of no gas pressure, and the hardness of its inner-surface coated layer is higher.Therefore can confirm, stand the hyperbar effect when making the Metal Melting liquid layer stand high G centrifugal action, can further improve the case hardness of inner-surface coated layer.
Carried out microscopic examination after the inner-surface coated layer section incision to embodiment 8 formation, found that the three-decker that also forms under this occasion as shown in Figure 3, superficial layer 21a becomes the extremely many tissues of a kind of hard ceramic particulate.The chemical constituents determination of this superficial layer 21a and boundary layer 21c the results are shown in the table 6.And in table 6, also listed the chemical composition of self-fluxing alloy powder (ヘ ガ Woo ス #1560) before the heat treated.Wherein, the constituent concentration in the table 6 is quality %.
Table 6
??C ??Si ??Cr ??Fe ??Ni
Superficial layer 21a ??0.39 ??6.03 ??28.32 ??7.45 ??59.81
Boundary layer 21c ??0.00 ??4.83 ??4.26 ??32.07 ??58.84
Powder ??0.73 ??4.38 ??14.72 ??3.24 Surplus
The presentation of results of table 6, chromium component concentration increases among the superficial layer 21a, and chromium component concentration reduces among the 21c of boundary layer.This be because during centrifugal casting by giving high G centrifugal force, making the chromium compound of separating out in the molten metal is the cause of hard ceramic particles agglomerate in superficial layer.

Claims (17)

1, a kind of manufacture method of inner surface coated cylindrical body, this method is included in the operation that the centrifugal casting self-fluxing alloy is covered on the said inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical shell body with cylindric inner peripheral surface, it is characterized in that, by carrying out said centrifugal casting with the rotary speed that on said inner peripheral surface position, produces 20～50G centrifugal force, make proportion in the hard ceramic particulate that is present in the casting in the self-fluxing alloy liquation be lower than the particulate of the purpose metal phase of molten metal, reverse centrifuge accumulates in internal diameter one side of centrifugal casting system, under this state, make solidification of molten metal, obtain the inner surface coating that said low-gravity particulate is assembled in internal diameter one side.
2, according to the manufacture method of the described inner surface coated cylindrical body of claim 1, wherein said proportion is lower than the particulate of purpose metal phase, is any ceramic particle the boride that belongs to the chromium system of separating out from the self-fluxing alloy liquation, carbide, the boron-carbide.
3, according to the manufacture method of the described inner surface coated cylindrical body of claim 1, wherein said proportion is lower than the particulate of purpose metal phase, be any ceramic particle and proportion 7 that in said self-fluxing alloy liquation, imports as the composition beyond the said self-fluxing alloy basis or the following hard ceramic particulate the boride that belongs to the chromium system of separating out from the self-fluxing alloy liquation, carbide, the boron-carbide.
4, a kind of manufacture method of inner surface coated cylindrical body, this method is included in the operation that the centrifugal casting self-fluxing alloy is covered on the said inner peripheral surface with cylindric inner peripheral surface cylindrical shell body, it is characterized in that said centrifugal casting is carried out under the state of molten metal laminar surface at the gas pressure that makes 0.3～3MPa.
5, a kind of manufacture method of inner surface coated cylindrical body, this method is included in the operation that the centrifugal casting self-fluxing alloy is covered on the said inner peripheral surface with cylindric inner peripheral surface cylindrical shell body, it is characterized in that, when making the molten metal laminar surface be subjected to carry out said centrifugal casting under 0.3～3MPa gas pressure state, said molten metal laminar surface is subjected under the state of said gas pressure, the rotary speed of said cylindrical shell body is being reached make the rotary speed that produces 10G or above centrifugal force on the said inner peripheral surface position.
6, a kind of manufacture method of inner surface coated cylindrical body, this method is included in the operation that the centrifugal casting self-fluxing alloy is covered on the said inner peripheral surface with cylindric inner peripheral surface cylindrical shell body, it is characterized in that, when making the molten metal laminar surface be subjected to carrying out said centrifugal casting under 0.3～3MPa gas pressure state, the molten metal laminar surface is subjected under the said gas pressure state, make the rotary speed of said cylindrical shell body reach the rotary speed that produces 20～50G centrifugal force on the said inner peripheral surface position, make proportion in the hard ceramic particulate that is present in the self-fluxing alloy liquation in the casting be lower than the particulate of the purpose metal phase of liquation in this way, reverse centrifuge accumulates in the internal side diameter of centrifugal casting system, under this state, make solidification of molten metal, obtain the inner surface coating that internal side diameter has been assembled said low-gravity particulate.
7, according to the manufacture method of any one described inner surface coated cylindrical body in the claim 1～6, the temperature that said self-fluxing alloy liquation reaches when wherein making said centrifugal casting, be in the fusion one of this self-fluxing alloy solidify relevant solidus to the solid-liquid coexistence temperature province of liquidus curve apart from the temperature of solidus one side 70% position or following.
8, according to the manufacture method of any one described inner surface coated cylindrical body in the claim 1～6, the wherein formation of self-fluxing alloy liquation layer on said inner peripheral surface in said centrifugal casting, be in said cylindrical shell body, to import self-fluxing alloy powder, under said cylindrical shell body rotation, the mode of this powder heating and melting to be carried out.
9, manufacture method according to any one described inner surface coated cylindrical body in the claim 1～6, wherein in said centrifugal casting, the formation of self-fluxing alloy solution layer on said inner peripheral surface, carry out in the following manner: (1) is in horizontal cylindrical shell body interior, dispose and form the self-fluxing alloy powder of coating thickness a great deal of equably along the tubular axis direction, (2) making the cylindrical shell body is the center line rotation with its axis, make it to reach under the situation of the rotary speed that produces 3G or above centrifugal force on the inner peripheral surface position of said cylindrical shell body, the intrinsic powder of cylindrical shell is sticked on the inner peripheral surface of cylindrical shell body with the form that spreads all over cylindrical shell body circumferencial direction and advance, should make the required time of rotary speed that is able to produce 3G or above centrifugal force this moment, is no more than the time τ that obtains by following empirical formula (A):
τ (second)=3 * 10 5/ D 3... (A)
(D is the internal diameter of cylindrical shell, mm) on the tubular axis direction, move along the powder of tubular axis direction equivalent arrangements so that suppress, form one deck whereby along the axis direction of cylindrical shell with circumferencial direction does not almost have the powder bed of thickness deviation and it is sticked on the cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface, (3) continuing to make under the situation of cylindrical shell body rotation, heat the cylindrical shell body so that cylindrical shell all heats up simultaneously, and make the intrinsic powder melts of cylindrical shell.
10, according to the manufacture method of any one described inner surface coated cylindrical body in the claim 1～6, wherein in said centrifugal casting, the formation of self-fluxing alloy liquation layer on said inner peripheral surface, be in said cylindrical shell body, to import self-fluxing alloy powder, under said cylindrical shell body rotation, the mode of this powder heating and melting is carried out, under reduced pressure carry out the fusion of powder in the said cylindrical shell body simultaneously.
11, a kind of inner-surface coated cylindrical body, it is a kind of a kind of inner-surface coated cylindrical body that has formed the inner-surface coated layer of self-fluxing alloy with centre spinning on the said inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical shell body with cylindric inner peripheral surface, it is characterized in that, wherein chromium compound is that internal diameter one side of particulate in said inner-surface coated layer of hard ceramic distributes with high density, make chromium component concentration reach 20～40 quality % levels, formed the hard layer that hardness improves.
12, according to the described inner-surface coated cylindrical body of claim 11, it is characterized in that, external diameter one side in said inner-surface coated layer, formation through the area occupation ratio of microexamination non-metallic inclusion at the clean layer below 0.1%.
13, a kind of manufacturing installation of inner-surface coated cylindrical body, wherein have flatly to prop up the tube-holding body body and make it rotary cylinder body and support whirligig, in the cylindrical shell body of being supported whirligig to support by this cylindrical shell, supply with the powder feeding device that forms the self-fluxing alloy powder of thickness a great deal of with coating, to the heater that whole length of being supported the cylindrical shell body that whirligig is supported by said cylindrical shell heat, said cylindrical shell support whirligig has the formation that said cylindrical shell body is rotated with the rotary speed that produces 20～50G centrifugal force on the cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface position.
14, a kind of manufacturing installation of inner-surface coated cylindrical body, wherein have flatly to prop up the tube-holding body body and make it rotary cylinder body and support whirligig, in the cylindrical shell body of being supported whirligig to support by this cylindrical shell, supply with the powder feeding device that forms the self-fluxing alloy powder of thickness a great deal of with coating, the heater that heats on whole length to the cylindrical shell body of being supported the whirligig support by said cylindrical shell and make the pressue device of 0.3～3MPa gas pressure on said cylindrical shell body internal surface.
15, a kind of manufacturing installation of inner-surface coated cylindrical body, wherein have flatly to prop up the tube-holding body body and make it rotary cylinder body and support whirligig, in the cylindrical shell body of being supported whirligig to support by this cylindrical shell, supply with the powder feeding device that forms the self-fluxing alloy powder of thickness a great deal of with coating, to the heater that is heated by whole length of the cylindrical shell body of said cylindrical shell support whirligig support, with the pressue device that makes 0.3～3MPa gas pressure on said cylindrical shell body internal surface, said cylindrical shell supports whirligig to have can make the formation of said cylindrical shell body with the rotary speed rotation of generation 10G or above centrifugal force on the cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface position.
16, manufacturing installation according to the described inner-surface coated cylindrical body of claim 14, wherein have flatly to prop up the tube-holding body body and make it rotary cylinder body and support whirligig, in the cylindrical shell body of being supported whirligig to support by this cylindrical shell, supply with the powder feeding device that forms the self-fluxing alloy powder of thickness a great deal of with coating, to the heater that on whole length, is heated by the cylindrical shell body of said cylindrical shell support whirligig support, with the pressue device that makes 0.3～3MPa gas pressure on said cylindrical shell body internal surface, said cylindrical shell support whirligig has the formation that said cylindrical shell body is rotated with the rotary speed that produces 20～50G centrifugal force on the cylindrical shell body inner peripheral surface position.
17, according to the manufacturing installation of any one described inner-surface coated cylindrical body in the claim 13～16, wherein said heater has and can spread all over the cylindrical shell total length and support the minizone of the cylindrical shell body circumferencial direction of whirligig support to carry out the induction coil of eddy-current heating to said cylindrical shell simultaneously.
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CN107214320B (en) * 2017-08-01 2019-07-16 浙江华业塑料机械有限公司 A kind of production method and its processing unit (plant) of spiro rod machine tube wearing layer
CN111974971A (en) * 2020-08-19 2020-11-24 郑州机械研究所有限公司 Device and method for manufacturing babbitt metal bush
CN113976913A (en) * 2021-10-26 2022-01-28 中国核动力研究设计院 Preparation method of ultra-large integral stainless steel core surrounding barrel component of nuclear power station
CN115216770A (en) * 2022-06-27 2022-10-21 佛山华智新材料有限公司 Preparation method of metal coating on surface of diamond/copper composite material
CN115216770B (en) * 2022-06-27 2023-08-22 佛山华智新材料有限公司 Preparation method of diamond/copper composite material surface metal coating

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CN100563872C (en) 2009-12-02
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JP2004174578A (en) 2004-06-24
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HK1063757A1 (en) 2005-01-14
CN1970835A (en) 2007-05-30
JP3774696B2 (en) 2006-05-17

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