CN1497801A - Organic laser capable of connecting external excitation beam source - Google Patents
Organic laser capable of connecting external excitation beam source Download PDFInfo
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- CN1497801A CN1497801A CNA2003101019384A CN200310101938A CN1497801A CN 1497801 A CN1497801 A CN 1497801A CN A2003101019384 A CNA2003101019384 A CN A2003101019384A CN 200310101938 A CN200310101938 A CN 200310101938A CN 1497801 A CN1497801 A CN 1497801A
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Abstract
A vertical cavity organic laser device, that includes: an organic laser cavity including: a bottom dielectric stack for receiving and transmitting pump beam light and being reflective to laser light over a predetermined range of wavelengths; an organic active region for receiving transmitted pump beam light from the bottom dielectric stack and for emitting the laser light; a top dielectric stack for reflecting transmitted pump beam light and laser light from the organic active region back into the organic active region, wherein a combination of the bottom and the top dielectric stacks and the organic active region produces the laser light; the device further including an external pump beam light source for optically pumping light to the organic laser cavity; and a positioner for locating the organic laser cavity in a spaced relationship to the external pump beam light source.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to the organic laser field, and relates in particular to vertical cavity organic laser (vertical cavity organic laser), is also referred to as organic laser cavity device (organic lasercavity) herein.More particularly, the present invention relates to locate organic laser cavity devices with respect to the spaced relationship of external excitation beam light source.
Background technology
Vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) (S.Kinoshita etc. since the mid-80, have been developed out based on inorganic semiconductor (as AlGaAs), IEEEJournal of Quantum Electronics, Vol.QE-23, No.6, June 1987).They have reached more like this, i.e. the VCSEL based on AlGaAs of the emission 850nm that is made by a plurality of companies, and life-span is in (Vol.85, No.11, November 1997 for K.D.Choquette etc., Proceeding of theIEEE) more than 100 years.Success along with these near infrared lasers, but attentiveness has in recent years turned to other inorganic material system to produce the VCSEL (C.Wilmsen etc. of visible emitting wave-length coverage, Vertical-cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2001).Visible laser has a lot of potential purposes, and as display, optical storage reads and writes, the short-distance wireless communication (T.Ishigure etc. of laser printing and employing plastic fiber, ElectronicsLetters, Vol.31, No.6, March 16,1995) etc.Although the extensive efforts of a lot of factories and laboratory in colleges and universities is arranged, still have a lot of work will do the feasible laser diode (edge emitter or VCSELs) that can generate across the light output of visible spectrum to create.
In the trial of making visible wavelength VCSEL, abandon based on inorganic system and focus on based on organic Optical Maser System it is very favourable; Because based on inorganic gain material than on visible spectrum, having a lot of advantages based on inorganic gain material.For example, typically has the lower non-characteristic that excites scattering (unpumped scattering)/absorption loss and high-quantum efficiency based on organic gain material.Compare with inorganic Optical Maser System, the manufacturing of organic laser is not really expensive, can launch in whole visible-range, can make any magnitude proportion, and the most important thing is and can launch multi-wavelength's (as red, green and blue) from single chip.In the past few years, people increase the interest of making based on the organic solid-state laser.The laser gain material both can be polymerization and also can be small molecule material, and adopt multiple different cavity resonator structure, as microlaser cavity (seeing the U.S. Pat 6160828 that deliver on December 12nd, 2000 such as Kozlov), waveguide, annular microlaser and distributed feedback laser (for example, see Rep.Prog.Phys.63 such as G.Kranzelbinder, 2000 and the U.S. Pat 5 of issue on March 9th, 1999 such as Diaz-Garcia, 881,083).The problem of all these structures is to realize its laser action, need come actuating cavity by the optical excitation (optical pump) of utilizing another lasing light emitter.Preferred electric excitation laser resonant cavity is because general cause compacter and structure that be easier to modulate like this.
To realizing that electricity excites a major obstacle of organic laser is the less carrier mobility of organic material, and this value mainly is in 10
-5Cm
2/ (V-s) magnitude.This lower carrier mobility causes a lot of problems.Device with low carrier mobility generally is limited in using thin layer in order to avoid bigger voltage drop and ohm heating (ohnic heating).These thin layers cause penetrating the zlasing mode of consumption negative electrode and anode, and this causes the bigger raising (see V.G.Kozlov etc., Journal of Appl.Physics, Vol.84, No.8, October 15,1998) of laser threshold.Because compound (the electron-hole recombinantion) in electronics-hole is by Langevin compound (its recombination rate is in the ratio of carrier mobility) control in the organic material, lower carrier mobility causes having the order of magnitude than singly exciting (singlet excition) more electric charge carrier; A consequence like this is that electric charge induction (polaron) absorbs and can become a serious loss mechanism (Vol.74, No.19, May 10,1999 for N.Tessler etc., Applied PhysicsLetters).Suppose that laser device has 5% internal quantum efficiency, utilize the minimum laser threshold～100W/cm of hitherto reported
2(M.Berggren etc., LetterTo Nature, Vol.389, October 2,1997), and ignore above-mentioned loss mechanism, will place 1000A/cm to lower limit
2Electric excitation laser threshold value.Comprise that these loss mechanisms place 1000A/cm with laser threshold
2More than, these data are highest current density of hitherto reported, its can by the organic assembly support (N.Tessler, Advanced Materials, 1998,10, No.1).
The electrically excited another kind of method of organic laser by incoherent light source, as light-emitting diode (LED), both can be inorganic (M.D.McGehee etc., Applied PhysicsLetters, Vol.72, No.13, March30,1998) also can be organic (Berggren etc., US.Patent No.5,881,089 issued Mar.9,1999) light source carries out optical excitation.This may be the non-result who excites the organic laser system, merging scattering that this system significantly reduces in optical maser wavelength (combined scattering) and absorption loss (～0.5cm
-1), especially all the more so when adopting host and guest's composition (host-dopant combination) as active medium.Even utilize the advantage of this little loss, according to the waveguide laser design, the minimum optics excitation threshold of the organic laser of hitherto reported is 100W/cm
2(M.Berggren etc., Nature 389, October2,1997).Because ready-made inorganic LED is only to provide up to～20W/cm
2Power density, so need take different modes with can be by the incoherent light source optical excitation.In addition, in order to reduce laser threshold, need to select amount of gain is kept to minimum laser structure; Organic micro-resonant cavity laser based on VCSEL satisfies this standard.Utilization can obtain optical excitation 5W/cm based on the organic laser cavity of VCSEL
2Following power density threshold value.Consequently Shi Ji organic laser equipment can be by with various that be easy to obtain, incoherent light sources, be driven as the LED optical excitation.
LED is that LED and organic laser cavity combine as the set part as the shortcoming of the above-mentioned use of optical excitation device.Therefore, if be difficult to finish the LED aligning and aim at incorrect words, be not easy to change.
Needed be a kind of connect and the organic resonance-cavity laser of dynamic alignment to the method that makes things convenient for of incoherent light source.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is by providing vertical cavity organic laser device to overcome one or more problems, the present invention includes: organic laser cavity, it comprises: a bottom-dielectric heap (bottom dielectricstack), it is used for receiving and transmitting excitation beam, and at presetted wavelength scope internal reflection laser beam; An organic active district (organic active region), it is used to receive the excitation beam of the transmission of piling from first dielectric and launch laser; With a top dielectric heap, it is used for getting back to the organic active district with the excitation beam of transmission with from the laser-bounce in organic active district, it is characterized in that the array output laser in bottom and top dielectric heap and organic active district; The device further comprise the external excitation beam light source with optical excitation light to the organic laser resonant cavity; With a locator, it is used for determining the spaced relationship of organic laserresonator and external excitation beam light source.
An alternative embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method that is used for excitation beam is directed at least one vertical cavity organic laser device; Method comprises step: select the spaced relationship between external excitation beam light source and at least one the vertical cavity organic laser device; And location external excitation beam light source and at least one vertical cavity organic laser device are so that light ray is by external excitation beam light source at least one vertical cavity organic laser device that leads.
An advantage of organic laser resonator device is that it has low laser threshold, and it makes is choosing excitation source and aspect the spaced relationship of excitation source and organic laser resonator device bigger flexibility is being arranged.Second advantage be the invention provides a kind of connect and the organic resonant cavity laser aid of dynamic alignment to the method that makes things convenient for of incoherent light source.
Description of drawings
By below in conjunction with explanation and accompanying drawing, above-mentioned and other purpose, characteristics and advantage of the present invention will become more clear, wherein represent same characteristic features public in the accompanying drawing with identical label, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of vertical cavity organic laser constructed in accordance;
Fig. 2 is another embodiment sectional view of vertical cavity organic laser constructed in accordance;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of phase-locked organic laser array;
Fig. 4 a is the sectional view of the vertical cavity organic laser device that has locator constructed in accordance;
Fig. 4 b be constructed in accordance have the second harmonic frequency generator the sectional view of vertical cavity organic laser device;
Fig. 4 c be constructed in accordance have and or the difference frequency generator the sectional view of vertical cavity organic laser device;
Fig. 5 is vertical cavity organic laser device constructed in accordance and the sectional view of another embodiment of locator;
Fig. 6 is the vertical cavity organic laser array constructed in accordance and the vertical cross-section diagram of locator;
Fig. 7 is the sectional view of vertical cavity organic laser array, locator and transducer constructed in accordance;
Fig. 8 is the sectional view of vertical cavity organic laser array, locator and another embodiment of transducer constructed in accordance;
Fig. 9 a is the vertical cavity organic laser array constructed in accordance and the top view of transducer;
Fig. 9 b is the top view of another embodiment of Fig. 9 a constructed in accordance;
Figure 10 is the sectional view of vertical cavity organic laser, locator and reflector constructed in accordance;
Figure 11 is vertical cavity organic laser constructed in accordance is connected to the external excitation beam light source by connector a schematic diagram;
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of another embodiment constructed in accordance;
Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of another embodiment constructed in accordance;
Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of another embodiment constructed in accordance; With
Figure 15 is the sectional view of the vertical cavity organic laser with locator and spectral modification medium constructed in accordance.
For the ease of understanding, adopt identical label to represent similar elements total in each accompanying drawing.
Embodiment
In the present invention, the proper noun of describing vertical cavity organic laser apparatus (VCSELs) can be exchanged with abbreviation " organic laser resonator device ".The organic laser cavity resonator structure is made than the structure in big zone with by light-emitting diode (LEDs) optical excitation.
The sketch of vertical cavity organic laser device 10 has been shown among Fig. 1.Substrate 20 both can be transparent also can be opaque, this meaning that depends on optical excitation and Laser emission is decided direction.Transmittance substrate 20 can be clear glass, plastics or other transparent material, as sapphire.Perhaps, the opaque substrate that includes but not limited to semi-conducting material (as silicon) or ceramic material can be used for the situation that optical excitation and emission take place by same plane.Bottom-dielectric heap 30 of deposition deposits an organic active district 40 afterwards again on substrate.Deposit a top top dielectric heap 50 then.Excitation beam 60 optical excitation vertical cavity organic laser devices 10.The light source of excitation beam 60 can be incoherent, as the light from light-emitting diode (LED) emission.Perhaps, excitation beam 60 can send from the coherent laser source.Diagrammatic sketch is represented to pile 50 emitted laser 70 from the top top dielectric.Perhaps, laser aid can pass top top dielectric heap 50 and optical excitation by the Laser emission that sees through substrate 20 by the reflectivity of suitable design dielectric layer.Under the situation of opaque substrate such as silicon, pass the top top dielectric and pile optical excitation and Laser emission took place in 50 o'clock.
The preferred material in organic active district 40 is organic host and guest's bonds of a kind of molecular weight (host-dopant combination), typically by high vacuum thermal evaporation deposition.These host and guest's bonds have advantage, because they produce the minimum non-scattered/absorbed loss that excites to gain media.Preferred organic molecule is the molecule of small-molecular weight, deposits more equably because the vacuum moulding machine material can specific rotation covers (spin-coasted) polymeric material.Also preferably select among the present invention main material (host material) so that it has fully to absorb and can shift by F rster energy to excitation beam 60 most of excitation energy is passed to guest's material (dopant material).Those skilled in the art is familiar with the principle that F rster energy shifts very much, and it is included in energy radiationless between host and guest's molecule and shifts.The example of useful host and guest's bond that is used for the laser of red-emitting is as main three (oxine) aluminium (Alq) with as guest's [4-(methylene dicyanoethyl)-2-t-butyl-6 (1,1,7,7-tetramethyl julolidine-9-enyl-4H-pyrans] (DCJTB) (volume fraction) with 1%.Other host and guest's bond can be used for other wavelength emission.For example, at green wave band, useful compound be Alq as main material, [10-(2-[4-morpholinodithio base)-2,3,6,7-tetrahydrochysene-1,1,7,7-tetramethyl-1H, 5H, 11H-[1] chromene [6,7,8-ij] quinolizine-11-ketone] (C545T) as guest's material (volume fraction) with 0.5%.Other organic gain region material can be a polymer, the U.S. Pat of delivering in February 27 calendar year 2001 as people such as Wolk 6,194, the polyphenylene vinylene derivative of pointing out in 119, dialkoxy-polyphenylene vinylene, p-poly-phenyl derivative and poly-fluorene derivative, this article draw at this and are reference.The purpose in organic active district 40 is excitation beam 60 and the emission laser that receives transmission.
Preferably the electron beam deposition by routine deposits bottom bottom-dielectric heap 30 and top top dielectric heap 50 respectively, and this two-layerly can comprise the high index material alternately and the dielectric substance of low index, as TiO
2And SiO
2Also can use other material, as be used for the Ta of high index layer
2O
5Bottom bottom-dielectric heap 30 is in about 240 ℃ temperature deposit.In the deposition process of top dielectric heap 50, temperature maintenance about 70 ℃ to avoid dissolving the organic active material.In another embodiment of the present invention, replace top dielectric heap 50 by depositing a reflective metals mirror layer.Typical metal is silver or aluminium, and its reflectivity surpasses 90%.In this another embodiment, excitation beam 60 and Laser emission 70 all will be passed this substrate 20.According to the desirable emission wavelength in laser vertical chamber 10, bottom-dielectric heap 30 and top dielectric heap 50 are all at presetted wavelength scope internal reflection laser.
The vertical micro-resonant cavity that use has high skill allows an extremely low threshold value (at 0.1W/cm
2Power density following) the Laser emission critical point.This low threshold value can make incoherent light source be used to excite, and replaces the focusing output of the conventional laser diode that uses in other laser system.An example of excitaton source is UV LED, or the UV led array, as from Cree (XBRIGHT specifically
900Ultraviolet Power Chip
LED).These light emitted centers are near the light of 405nm wavelength, and think produce 20W/cm in chip
2The power density of magnitude.Thereby even consider because the extended corner emission profile of device package and LED and to the restriction of utilance, the brightness of LED also is enough to the horizontal excitation laser chamber to be higher than more than the Laser emission threshold value many times.
The efficient of laser utilize shown in Figure 2 to vertical cavity organic laser 80 the active region design and be further improved.Organic active district 40 comprises one or more periodic gain regions 100 and the organic spacer floor 110 that is arranged on 100 either sides of periodicity active region, and this layer is arranged to make periodic gain region to align with the antinode 103 of the standing wave electromagnetic field 120 of device.This situation is shown in Fig. 2, has briefly drawn the electromagnetic field pattern 120 of laser standing wave in the organic active district 40 among the figure.Because stimulated emission is the highest at antinode 103 places, and can ignore, an intrinsic advantage be arranged so form active region shown in Figure 2 40 at node 105 places of electromagnetic field.Organic spacer layer 110 does not experience this being excited or spontaneous radiation, and neither absorbs Laser emission 70 possibly very greatly, do not absorb the wavelength of excitation beam 60 yet.An example of organic spacer layer 110 is organic materials 1,1-two-(4-two (methyl-phenyl)-amino-phenyl)-cyclohexane (TAPC).TAPC can be used as interval insulant well, because its little energy that absorbs Laser emission or excitation beam 60, and its refractive index is lower than the refractive index of most of organic main material slightly.The difference of this refractive index is of great use, because it helps to make the antinode 112 of electromagnetic field and the overlapping maximization of periodic gain region 100.As will be described below reference the present invention, replace the body gain region to produce higher power conversion efficiency and significantly to reduce unnecessary spontaneous radiation with periodic gain region 100.The standard matrix method decision of the position of periodic gain region 100 by utilizing optical element (S.Corzine etc., IEEE Journal of QuantumElectronics, Vol.25, No.6, June 1989).In order to reach good result, need the thickness of periodic gain region 100 to be equal to or less than 50nm to avoid unnecessary spontaneous radiation.
This laser utilizes phase-locked organic laser array 190 shown in Figure 3 to keep the spatial coherence degree when can increase area.In order to form two-dimentional phase-locking laser array 190, need be being limited on the surface of VCSEL by the zone 210 organic laser resonator devices 200 that separate between pixel.In order to obtain phase locking, intensity and phase information are preferably in exchange between the organic laser resonator device 200.This is preferably by utilizing a spot of intrinsic refractive index or gain guiding, obtaining as by the reflectivity of modulating one of them speculum Laser emission faintly being limited to pixel region.In one embodiment, pattern etched district 220 carries out reflectivity modulation by utilizing standard photoetching and etching technique to form also in bottom-dielectric heap 30, forms the two-dimensional array of a cylinder 211 thus on the surface of bottom-dielectric heap 30.The remainder of organic laser micro-resonant cavity structure is deposited on the bottom-dielectric heap 30 of aforesaid patterning.In one embodiment, the laser pixel is shaped as circle; But also can be other pixel shape, as rectangle.Zone 210 between pixel is in the scope of 0.25-4 μ m.For the zone 210 between big pixel, a lock operation also can take place; But it causes insufficient utilization of optical excitation energy.Etch depth is preferably 200-1000nm to form etching region 220.By etching odd-level just in time in bottom-dielectric heap 30, can in away from the etching region of gain media peak value, realize the remarkable translation of longitudinal mode wavelength.Therefore, lasing effect be suppressed and between pixel the zone 210 in spontaneous radiation significantly reduce.The final result that forms etching region 220 is that Laser emission faintly is limited in organic laser resonator device 200, does not have laser to send from zone 210 between pixel, and by the relevant phase-locked laser of array 190 emissions.
Other advantage of organic VCSEL device (below be also referred to as the organic laser resonator device and can be used alternatingly) is that they can be made into single addressable pixel array at an easy rate.In this array, each pixel can be irrelevant with adjacent pixel, and excited by single excitaton source (as LED or LED group).According to the needs of using, this array both can be (linearity) of one dimension, also can be two-dimentional (face).Pixel in the array also can comprise a plurality of host and guests' combinations and/or a plurality of resonator design, so that can produce the multi-wavelength by single array.
Fig. 4 a represents vertical cavity organic laser device 10 and by the sectional view of the excitation beam light source 230 of locator 240 holding positions.Locator 240 comprises framework 250, and it keeps spaced relationship in order to keep excitation beam light source 230 and vertical cavity organic laser device 10.The preferred interval relation of vertical cavity organic laser device 10 and excitation beam light source 230 is kept by adjuster 260a and 260b.Adjuster 260a and 260b can be compressing tablet (pieze chip) or very fine threaded screw, and have in the ability that is moved vertical cavity organic laser device 10 by arrow 270a and 270b direction.Locator 240 also comprises excitation beam light source cone 280, and its directional rays 300 is from excitation beam light source 230 directive vertical cavity organic laser device 10 and excitation beam light source clampers 290.(excitation beam light source cone 280 is generally the light collecting mechanism, can be reflector).In the present embodiment shown in Fig. 4 a, excitation beam light source 230 is CREE MegaBright
TMLight-emitting diode (LED).
An advantage of vertical cavity organic laser device 10 is to specify the very narrow wavelength X of vertical cavity organic laser device 10 emissions
1Its advantage is can be with the output of vertical cavity organic laser device 10 from a certain wavelengths λ
1Dynamic translation is certain wavelengths λ
2
Referring now to Fig. 4 b,, a technology that is used for the dynamic translation output of vertical cavity organic laser device 10 is a non-linear frequency mixing, for example generation of second harmonic.Radiation lambda from 10 outputs of the first vertical cavity organic laser device
1Be directed to second harmonic frequency generator 305.Second harmonic frequency generator 305 comprises material such as lithium niobate (LiNbO
3).Second harmonic frequency generator 305 or frequency multiplication or as equation lambda
2=λ
1/ 2 the definition wavelength that reduces by half.
Fig. 4 c represents another technology of dynamic translation vertical cavity organic laser apparatus 10 outputs.Radiation lambda from 10 outputs of vertical cavity organic laser apparatus
1Be directed to and or difference frequency generator 308, the radiation lambda of exporting from the second vertical cavity organic laser apparatus 315 simultaneously
2Also be directed to and or difference frequency generator 308.With or difference frequency generator 308 or increase or deduct frequency, define as equation: λ
3=λ
1+ or-λ
2With or difference frequency generator 308 comprise material such as lithium niobate (LiNbO
3).
Fig. 5 is vertical cavity organic laser apparatus 10 constructed in accordance and excitation beam light source 230 sectional view by another embodiment of locator 310 location.As the aforementioned discussion of Fig. 4 a, same numeral is represented identical parts and operation.In an illustrated embodiment, the light path by vertical cavity organic laser apparatus 10 is inverted, thus vertical cavity organic laser apparatus 10 by top dielectric heap 50 by optical light beam, laser emission simultaneously is from bottom-dielectric heap 30 and substrate 20 reflections.In this another embodiment, bottom-dielectric heap 30 reflects excitation beam light 300 and laser emission 70 simultaneously.According to the ideal radiation wavelength of vertical cavity organic laser apparatus 10, bottom-dielectric heap 30 and top dielectric heap 50 are at presetted wavelength scope internal reflection laser.Top dielectric heap 50 preferably should transmission excitation beam wavelength.Locator 310 comprises framework 320, and it is in order to keep the spaced relationship of excitation beam light source 230 and vertical cavity organic laser apparatus 10.Vertical cavity organic laser apparatus 10 is preferably kept by use adjuster 260a and 260b with the spaced relationship of excitation beam light source 230.Adjuster 260a and 260b can be compressing tablet or very fine threaded screw, and have in the ability that is moved vertical cavity organic laser device 10 by arrow 270a and 270b direction.Locator 310 also comprises excitation beam light source cone 330, and its guiding light 300 is from excitation beam light source 230 directive vertical cavity organic laser devices 10 and allow laser emission 70 to pass through.Excitation beam light source cone 330 directs excitation light beam light 300 directive vertical cavity organic laser devices 10 allow laser emission 70 to pass through simultaneously.Exciting light column source cone 330 can comprise filter material, and this material reflection excitation beam wavelength also sees through laser emission 70.Such filter is deposited by multilayer dielectric material usually.Those skilled in the art knows the availability of this type of filter.Locator 310 also comprises excitation beam light source clamper 340.
Fig. 6 is the sectional view that is kept vertical cavity organic laser array 190 and external excitation beam light source 350 spaced relationships by locator 360.Locator 360 comprises framework 370, and framework is in order to fixed outer excitation beam light source 350, reflector 380 and collimation eyeglass 390.Vertical cavity organic laser array 190 is kept by using adjuster 400a and 400b and adjuster 410a and 410b with the optimal spacing relation of external excitation beam light source 350.Adjuster 400a and 400b and adjuster 410a and 410b can be very fine threaded screw, and have in the ability that is moved vertical cavity organic laser array 190 by arrow 420a, 420b and 430a, 430b direction.Locator 360 uses reflector 380 and light collecting mechanism 435 so that light 440 is directed to vertical cavity organic laser array 190 from external excitation beam light source 350 by collimation eyeglass 390.In an embodiment, external excitation beam light source 350 can be any incoherent light source.In addition, the external excitation light beam can be derived from coherent laser source (not shown) or the excitation beam light source 230 shown in Fig. 4 a.
Fig. 7 represents vertical cavity organic laser array 190 sectional views of another embodiment of the present invention, vertical cavity organic laser array 190 comprises at least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses 10 with transducer 450, when laser emission when unshowned another face reflects, transducer 450 is tuning with detection laser radiation 70.Described in Fig. 1 and 4a, parts that identical symbolic representation is identical and operation.Transducer 450 can be positioned at the central authorities of vertical cavity organic laser array 190, shown in Fig. 9 a.Transducer can be photomultiplier, inorganic semiconductor photovoltaic transducer, organic semiconductor photovoltaic transducer, inorganic photocurrent sensor or organic photoelectric flow sensor.Fig. 7 and the vertical cavity organic laser array 190 shown in Fig. 9 a comprise a plurality of all be tuned to the vertical cavity organic laser apparatus 10 of identical wavelength.Each vertical cavity organic laser apparatus 10 of aforesaid excitation beam light source 230 optical excitation causes vertical cavity organic laser array 190 loose (laze), produces laser emission 70 by top dielectric heap 50 thus.When laser emission 70 another faces of bump, its (laser emission) reflects back into vertical cavity organic laser array 190.Transducer 450 only may be tuned to the wavelength sensitive to reflection ray 460.Survey the transducer 450 of reflection ray 460 and send signal to memory and control unit (not shown) by line 470.Signal can be used for giving a warning sound or cause another opening of device or close etc.
Fig. 8 is an another embodiment of the present invention, and its expression transducer 450 is between two vertical cavity organic laser array 190; Each vertical cavity organic laser array 190 has locator 240, and locator is used to keep the spaced relationship between vertical cavity organic laser array 190, transducer 450 and the excitation beam light source 230.As preceding discussion, parts that identical symbolic representation is identical and operation.When array is loose, produce laser emission 70, and laser emission strikes another surface, another surface is with laser emission reflected back vertical cavity organic laser array 190, only may be tuned to the transducer 450 of the wavelength sensitive of reflection ray 460 is surveyed reflection rays 460, and send signal to memory and control unit (not shown) by line 470.Vertical cavity organic laser array 190 can comprise one or more vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses 10, wherein this device emission and the adjacent different visible wavelength of vertical cavity organic laser apparatus 10 wavelength of light emitted.Same, the one or more transducers 450 that are positioned on the vertical cavity organic laser array 190 may be tuned to the different radiative wavelength of detection.If be attached to vertical cavity organic laser array 190 more than a vertical cavity organic laser apparatus 10, and send identical wavelength, they become phase-locked, as previously mentioned.But vertical cavity organic laser apparatus 10 needn't be launched identical wavelength, but can be designed to launch different wave length.
Vertical cavity organic laser array 190 shown in Fig. 9 a comprise a plurality of be tuned to the vertical cavity organic laser apparatus 10 and the transducer 450 of identical wavelength, when laser emission 70 when another face (not shown) reflects this transducer be tuned to exploring laser light radiation 70.Transducer 450 can be positioned at the central authorities of vertical cavity organic laser array 190, shown in Fig. 9 a, or other places of vertical cavity organic laser array 190.Transducer 450 can be photomultiplier, inorganic semiconductor photovoltaic transducer, organic semiconductor photovoltaic transducer, inorganic photocurrent sensor or organic photoelectric flow sensor.
Vertical cavity organic laser array 190 shown in Fig. 9 b comprises vertical cavity organic laser 448 and 449, they respectively alternately be tuned to red " R " and green " G " wavelength, green to produce-red-455 then red-green-R red 456 travel.The sensor array 457 that is positioned at vertical cavity organic laser array 190 central authorities comprises to the sensing unit 458 of red light wavelength sensitivity with to the sensing unit 459 of green wavelength sensitivity.Sensing unit 458 and 459 can be the combination of or above-mentioned dissimilar sensor; Sensitiveness to specific wavelength also can be controlled by the colour filter (not shown).
Figure 10 represents vertical cavity organic laser apparatus 10 according to the present invention and the locator 480 that comprises reflector parts 490.As previously mentioned, identical label is represented identical parts and operation.Reflector parts 490 fixation reflex elements 500 are as MEMS device or Texas InstrumentDigital Micromirror Device
TM, reflecting element 500 can be in arrow 510 indicated direction bendings.The laser emission 70 that reflecting element 500 deflections are sent from vertical cavity organic laser apparatus 10.
With reference to Figure 11, locator 480 keeps the vertical cavity organic laser array 190 and the spacing of external excitation beam light source 530 to concern that connector 540 provides fastening auxiliary equipment for the outer surface 550 of external excitation beam light source 530 by connector 540.For example, external excitation beam light source 530 can be headlight.Aforementioned as Fig. 3, identical label is represented identical parts and operation.Seal washer 560 generates sealing between the outer surface of connector 540 and external excitation beam light source 530, therefore form container 570 to hold adhesive 580, as the OP29 of Dymax company manufacturing
TMAdhesive 580 plays a part optical index coupling medium.Should be complementary the index of the index of the substrate 20 of vertical cavity organic laser array 190 and external excitation beam light source 530, not reduce light-transfer characteristic.For example, as mentioned above, can be attached to headlight 600 (shown in Figure 11) to vertical cavity organic laser array 190, headlight 600 plays a part external excitation beam light source 530, provides excitation beam 590 with the form of light 610.Connector 540 is captured the excitation beam 590 of guiding vertical cavity organic laser array 190.By vertical cavity organic laser array 190 being attached to headlight 600 central authorities, the major part of light 610 is not connected that device 540 is captured and provides normal driving light for automobile.Adopt the vertical cavity organic laser array 190 of connector 540 can append to any external excitation beam light source 530 as photoflash lamp, searchlight or light fixture.
As shown in figure 12, in another embodiment of the present invention, locator 480 keeps the vertical cavity organic laser array 190 and the spacing of external excitation beam light source 530 and connector 540 to concern.Connector 540 provides fastening auxiliary equipment for the outer surface 550 of external excitation beam light source 530 by collimation optics 615.Aforementioned as Figure 11, identical label is represented identical parts and operation.Adopt above-mentioned adhesive 580, can finish connection by collimation optics 615 directly is installed on the external excitation beam light source 530.Among the described herein embodiment, adhesive 580 is applied directly between the outer surface 550 of the bottom surface 618 of optical element 615 of collimation and external excitation beam light source 530.Connector 540 is captured excitation beam 590 and it is directed to vertical cavity organic laser array 190.
As shown in figure 13, in another embodiment of the present invention, locator 480 uses and is respectively fitted with adjuster 620a and 620b, and the connector 540 of sucker pin 630a and 630b is with the outer surface 550 that is connected to external excitation beam light source 530.And locator 480 remains on interval location with vertical cavity organic laser array 190 and external excitation beam light source 530.Adjuster 620a and 620b are used to keep the spaced relationship of 530 of vertical cavity organic laser array 190 and external excitation beam light sources.Adjuster 620a and 620b are very meticulous threaded screws, and can move vertical cavity organic laser array 190 in the direction shown in arrow 640a and the 640b.Connector is captured a part of light 440, and excitation beam 590 is directed to vertical cavity organic laser array 190.
As shown in figure 14, in another embodiment of the present invention, use the locator 480 of connector 540 directly to append to the outer surface 550 of external excitation beam light source 530 and keep vertical cavity organic laser array 190 and excitation beam light source 530 between spaced relationship.Connector 540 has been installed screw rod 650a and the 650b that has Upper gasket 660a, 660b and lower gasket 660c and 660d respectively, and it appends to the outer surface 550 of external excitation beam light source 530 by screw rod 650a and 650b and nut 670a and 670b.Pad 660a, 660b, 660c and 660d form reservoir 680, are used to deposit light refractive index coupling medium 690, as Cargille
TMRefractive Index Liquids, A series (through what identify), the refractive index of the substrate 20 of these material coupling outer surface 550 materials and vertical cavity organic laser array 19.For example, be that glass and outer surface 550 are the place of glass at substrate 20, suitable liquid refractivity is 1.5 to 1.6.Adjuster 620a and 620b are used to keep the vertical cavity organic laser array 190 and the preferred interval of external excitation beam light source 530 to concern.Adjuster 620a and 620b can be very fine threaded screw and have in the ability that is moved vertical cavity organic laser array 190 by arrow 640a and 640b direction.Connector 540 is captured the part of light 440 also excitation beam 590 guiding vertical cavity organic laser array 190.
Figure 15 represents by the vertical cavity organic laser array 190 of locator 480 location and the sectional view of external excitation beam light source 530.In one embodiment, locator framework 700 keeps the spaced relationship of external excitation beam light source 530 and vertical cavity organic laser array 190 and holds spectral modification medium 710.13 discuss as described above, identical label is represented identical parts and operation.Spectral modification medium 710 can be the filter such as the Wratten98 of particular type
TM, the main transmit blue of this material.In addition, spectrum improves the intensity that medium 710 can have intermediate density (neutraldensity) and improve laser emission 70 by increase towards the quantity of the excitation beam 590 of vertical cavity organic laser array 190.The intensity level of laser emission 70 is according to the density of spectral modification medium 710.The embodiment that Figure 15 shows represents vertical cavity organic laser array 190.Be understood that locator framework 700 also can hold the single vertical cavity organic laser apparatus 10 shown in Fig. 4 a.
At least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses, wherein at least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses are arranged with pattern (pattern).
At least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses, wherein at least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatus outputs are specific optical wavelength.
At least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses, wherein at least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatus outputs are a plurality of specific optical wavelength.
At least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses also comprise: d) at least one transducer is used for specific optical wavelength of sensing.
At least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses also comprise: d) at least one transducer is used for a plurality of specific optical wavelength of sensing.
At least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses also comprise: d) optical element, it is used for light each from two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses of external excitation beam light source guiding at least.
At least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses, the output dynamic translation that wherein has at least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses of a specific wavelength of light arrives another specific wavelength of light.
At least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses, wherein locator comprises connector, so that the external excitation beam light source connects at least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses.
At least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses, wherein connector is fixedly attached at least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses to the external excitation beam light source, and the interface that comprises light refractive index coupling medium is provided simultaneously.
At least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses, wherein connector is fixedly attached at least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses to the external excitation beam light source.
At least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses, wherein connector has the light refractive index coupling medium of adhesive properties.
At least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses, wherein connector is fixedly attached at least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses to the external excitation beam light source, is provided for comprising the chamber of light refractive index coupling medium simultaneously.
At least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses, wherein light refractive index coupling medium is not exclusively to mate.
Vertical cavity organic laser apparatus, wherein light refractive index coupling medium is not exclusively to mate.
Vertical cavity organic laser apparatus, wherein locator comprises the spectral modification medium, so that vertical cavity organic laser apparatus is by the spectral modification dielectric tuning.
At least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses, wherein locator comprises the spectral modification medium, so that at least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses are by the spectral modification dielectric tuning.
Vertical cavity organic laser apparatus, the optical element that wherein is used for leaded light comprises the light collecting mechanism.
At least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses, the optical element that wherein is used for leaded light comprises the light collecting mechanism.
Vertical cavity organic laser apparatus, wherein vertical cavity organic laser apparatus is reverse, makes vertical cavity organic laser apparatus pile optical excitation by top dielectric, and laser is from the reflection of bottom-dielectric heap and through the emission of top dielectric heap.
Vertical cavity organic laser apparatus, wherein transducer is a photomultiplier.
Vertical cavity organic laser apparatus, wherein transducer is an inorganic semiconductor photovoltaic transducer.
Vertical cavity organic laser apparatus, wherein transducer is an organic semiconductor photovoltaic transducer.
Vertical cavity organic laser apparatus, wherein transducer is inorganic photocurrent sensor.
Vertical cavity organic laser apparatus, wherein transducer is the organic photoelectric flow sensor.
At least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses, wherein at least one transducer is a photomultiplier.
At least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses is characterized in that at least one transducer is an inorganic semiconductor photovoltaic transducer.
At least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses is characterized in that at least one transducer is an organic semiconductor photovoltaic transducer.
At least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses is characterized in that at least one transducer is inorganic photocurrent sensor.
At least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses is characterized in that at least one transducer is the organic photoelectric flow sensor.
A kind of being used for the lead method of at least one vertical cavity organic laser apparatus of excitation beam; Method comprises step: externally select spaced relationship between excitation beam light source and at least one the vertical cavity organic laser apparatus; With location external excitation beam light source and at least one vertical cavity organic laser apparatus, so that light is from external excitation beam light source at least one vertical cavity organic laser apparatus that leads.
A kind of being used for the lead method of at least one vertical cavity organic laser apparatus of excitation beam, wherein, location external excitation beam light source and at least one vertical cavity organic laser apparatus comprise the external excitation beam light source are fixedly attached at least one vertical cavity organic laser apparatus.
A kind of being used for the lead method of at least one vertical cavity organic laser apparatus of excitation beam, wherein, location external excitation beam light source and at least one vertical cavity organic laser apparatus comprise the external excitation beam light source are deflected at least one vertical cavity organic laser apparatus.
A kind of method that is used to improve the laser that sends from vertical cavity organic laser apparatus comprises step: conversion optical maser wavelength.
A kind of method that is used to improve the laser that sends from vertical cavity organic laser apparatus comprises step: modulated laser intensity.
Claims (11)
1 one kinds of vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses comprise:
A) organic laser cavity, it comprises:
A1) bottom-dielectric heap, it is used to receive and transmits excitation beam and be reflected in the interior laser of predetermined wavelength range;
A2) organic active district, it is used to receive from first dielectric piles the excitation beam of transmission and is used to launch described laser; With
A3) top dielectric heap, it is used for and will goes back to described organic active district from the excitation beam and the described laser-bounce of the transmission of described organic active district, and the combination in wherein said bottom-dielectric heap and top dielectric heap and described organic active district produces laser;
B) external excitation beam light source, it is used for optical excitation light to organic laser cavity; With
C) locator, it is used to locate the spaced relationship of described organic laser cavity and described external excitation beam light source.
2. according to the vertical cavity organic laser apparatus of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the output of described vertical cavity organic laser apparatus is a specific wavelength of light.
3. according to the vertical cavity organic laser apparatus of claim 2, it is characterized in that: described device also comprises:
D) transducer, it is used for the described specific wavelength of sensor light.
4. according to the vertical cavity organic laser apparatus of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described device also comprises:
D) optical element, it is used for the photoconduction of described external excitation beam light source to described organic laser cavity.
5. according to the vertical cavity organic laser apparatus of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described output dynamic translation of described vertical cavity organic laser apparatus of a specific wavelength with light is to another specific wavelength of light.
6. according to the vertical cavity organic laser apparatus of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described locator comprises connector, so that described external excitation beam light source is connected to described organic laser cavity.
7. according to the vertical cavity organic laser apparatus of claim 6, it is characterized in that: described connector is fixedly attached to described organic laser cavity to described external excitation beam light source, and the interface that comprises light refractive index coupling medium is provided simultaneously.
8. according to the vertical cavity organic laser apparatus of claim 6, it is characterized in that: described connector is fixedly attached to described organic laser cavity to described external excitation beam light source.
9. according to the vertical cavity organic laser apparatus of claim 7, it is characterized in that: described connector has the light refractive index coupling medium of adhesive properties.
10. according to the vertical cavity organic laser apparatus of claim 6, it is characterized in that: described connector is fixedly attached to described organic laser control to described external excitation beam light source, is provided for comprising the container of light refractive index coupling medium simultaneously.
11. at least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses, described device comprises:
A) each the organic laser cavity that is used at least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses comprises:
A1) bottom-dielectric heap, it is used for each reception of at least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses and transmission excitation beam and the laser that is reflected in the predetermined wavelength range:
A2) organic active district, it is used to be received from each the excitation beam of described bottom-dielectric heap transmission of at least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses, and is used to launch described laser; With
A3) top dielectric heap, it is used for and will goes back to described organic active district from the excitation beam and the laser-bounce of the transmission of described organic active district, wherein for each of at least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses, described bottom-dielectric heap and described top dielectric heap and described organic active district in conjunction with generation laser;
B) external excitation beam light source, it is used for optical excitation light arrives at least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses each; With
C) locator, it is used to locate each of at least two vertical cavity organic laser apparatuses and the spaced relationship of described external excitation beam light source.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2003101019384A CN1497801A (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2003-10-15 | Organic laser capable of connecting external excitation beam source |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/272,546 | 2002-10-16 | ||
| CNA2003101019384A CN1497801A (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2003-10-15 | Organic laser capable of connecting external excitation beam source |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1497801A true CN1497801A (en) | 2004-05-19 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2003101019384A Pending CN1497801A (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2003-10-15 | Organic laser capable of connecting external excitation beam source |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101185210B (en) * | 2005-05-31 | 2010-10-06 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Broadband laser lamp with reduced speckle |
-
2003
- 2003-10-15 CN CNA2003101019384A patent/CN1497801A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101185210B (en) * | 2005-05-31 | 2010-10-06 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Broadband laser lamp with reduced speckle |
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