CN1494803A - 压缩视频流的加密 - Google Patents

压缩视频流的加密 Download PDF

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CN1494803A
CN1494803A CNA02805556XA CN02805556A CN1494803A CN 1494803 A CN1494803 A CN 1494803A CN A02805556X A CNA02805556X A CN A02805556XA CN 02805556 A CN02805556 A CN 02805556A CN 1494803 A CN1494803 A CN 1494803A
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encryption
data piece
frame
algorithm
independent data
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CN1220384C (zh
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����ˡ��Dz���
埃里克·乔伯特
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Nagravision SARL
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/44Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/4408Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs involving video stream encryption, e.g. re-encrypting a decrypted video stream for redistribution in a home network
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/234Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/2347Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving video stream encryption
    • H04N21/23476Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving video stream encryption by partially encrypting, e.g. encrypting the ending portion of a movie
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/16Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/167Systems rendering the television signal unintelligible and subsequently intelligible
    • H04N7/1675Providing digital key or authorisation information for generation or regeneration of the scrambling sequence

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)
  • Television Signal Processing For Recording (AREA)

Abstract

本发明的目的在于使译码能力较弱的终端能够通过使用强力算法来接收压缩数据流。本发明利用了一个用于加密包括独立数据块和差异数据块的压缩视频流的方法,该方法在于根据不同的加密级别来加密独立数据块和差异数据块。

Description

压缩视频流的加密
技术领域
本发明涉及一个方法,该方法用于加密一个压缩视频流,特别在解密过程中,在提高安全级别的同时并不会损失资源。
背景技术
视频压缩算法是基于这样的事实,即:通常一幅图像和接下来的一幅之间差异较小、以及表现这些差异所需要的信息量比起表现整幅图像所需要的信息量大为减少。观察发现,从一幅图像到另一幅图像,大量的信息并没有改变、甚至在一个稍稍不同的区域被重新发现。
这个原理被应用于MPEG-2、MPEG-3或者Quick Time类型的格式中。
根据这些算法,第一幅图像——称作参照图——被完整传输,继而一个对后面图像的分析被实施以便确定并传输其间的差异。根据MPEG标准,我们区分完整传输的帧(I帧)、MV(运动向量)类型的差异数据以及DFD(运动向量模型和真实图像间的差异)类型的差异数据。
根据已知的解决方案,这些数据随后根据一个和想要的安全级别相适应的算法被加密。
为了在传输和处理过程中保持兼容性,每一组都被单独加密,就是说,各帧的属性仍然可见,只有内容被加密。
随着存储装置的发展,把加密数据——比如说一部电影——传送到用户单元是很普通的事情。
一旦文件被存储于用户单元,第三方尽可以花所需的时间来试着解密这些数据。
为了避免这个风险,第一步在于提高文件的安全级别,就是说,使用带有长密码的强力算法。
尽管这一方法在安全级别上是令人满意的,但是它也表现出需要在解密单元上投入重要资源的不便。
多种观看装置的发展方向是通过具有低编码能力的单元使用数据。这举例来说就是带有显示屏的新的移动电话的例子。对此类单元,实时使用复杂算法而不降低该单元的表现是不可能的。
因此,使用被强力算法加密的数据块不适合被用于所有类型的用户单元。
发明内容
因而本应用的目的是使得解码能力较弱的终端能够使用强力的算法。
这个目的是通过一个压缩视频流的加密方法来实现的,该压缩视频流包括独立数据块和差异数据块,所述方法根据不同的加密级别来加密独立数据块和差异数据块。
对独立数据块,我们理解为能够不参照前面的信息而从中获得解压信号的信息。举例来说可以是完整的帧(I帧)。
对差异数据块,我们理解为能够通过应用其中的差异信息修正前面的信号来获得解压信号的信息。
实际上,这个解决方案能够把最高的安全保护集中到对图像解压必不可少的信息上。根据这个方法,第一个算法被应用于压缩视频信号的完整帧(I帧),第二个算法被应用于运动向量类型或者DFD类型的差异信息。
这一区别也可以通过根据数据类型使用不同长度的密码来实现。这样,完整帧将会被用一个2048二进制位的密码来加密,而差异信息则会被用一个128二进制位的密码来加密。
根据本发明的一个实施方式,差异信息不被加密。
应该注意的是,基于差异原理工作的其他的信息源也可以使用这一方法。这例来说就是根据MP3格式压缩音乐的例子。
附图说明
本发明将会在下面非限制性的附图的帮助下更好的被理解,其中:
图1描述了加密操作前的压缩流,
图2代表了加密形式的压缩流,
图3代表了传输中的压缩流。
具体实施方式
在图1中,压缩流用一系列的完整帧(I)和差异信息(P/B)来代表。根据这个例子,第一个完整帧I1后面跟着用来重建从完整帧I1到完整帧I2之间的连续帧的帧P/B1-2。
同样地,完整帧I2后面跟着用来到达完整帧I3的连续差异帧P/B2-3。
然后,这个数据流根据如图2中所描述的帧的类型被选择性的加密。在这个图中,我们用长度为2048二进制位的第一密码k1来加密完整帧I1、I2和I3。第二密码k2——比如说长128二进制位——被用来加密差异帧P/B1-2和P/B2-3。
这里给出的密码k1和k2的长度是作为说明示例,它可以是其它任何长度。
根据本发明,加密质量的差异可以在密码级别或者在所使用的算法级别上来实现。这样举例来说,根据k1的加密代表了一个IDEA(International Data Encryption Algorithm,国际数据加密算法)类算法,根据k2的加密代表了一个DES(Data EncryptionStandard,数据加密标准)类算法。
在这个数据流的传输过程中,完整帧如图3所描述被首先传送。
这一特性让接收单元立刻开始对需要较长处理时间的帧进行解密。一旦这些帧被解密,由于为差异帧所选择的算法类型可以快速执行,对差异帧的处理可以实时完成。
根据本发明的一个实施方式,对完整帧的加密级别根据其是第一帧——比如说帧I1——或是后面的帧(I2及I3)而不同。实际上,为从解密解压缩的信号获益,我们必须立刻处理第一帧,然后是差异帧。这就是为什么一个帧序列的第一帧使用一个比后面的完整帧更快的解密算法。
这一算法可以和用于差异帧的算法一样,也可以是另一个算法。

Claims (4)

1.一个加密压缩视频流的方法,所述压缩视频流包括独立数据块(I)和差异数据块(P/B),其特征在于所述方法根据不同的加密级别来加密独立数据块(I)和差异数据块(P/B)。
2.一个根据权利要求1加密压缩视频流的方法,其特征在于独立数据块(I)用一个高级别算法加密,而差异数据块(P/B)用一个快速解密算法加密。
3.一个根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于独立数据块(I)用一个或几个长密码加密,而差异数据流(P/B)用一个或几个短密码加密。
4.一个根据权利要求1至3中之一的方法,其特征在于,在压缩信号的传输过程中,独立数据块(I)被组成序列,这个方法在于加密该序列第一数据块的加密级别不同于序列中的后续数据块的加密级别。
CNB02805556XA 2001-02-26 2002-02-25 压缩视频流的加密 Expired - Fee Related CN1220384C (zh)

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EP (1) EP1374588B1 (zh)
KR (1) KR100850825B1 (zh)
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AT (1) ATE303699T1 (zh)
BR (1) BRPI0207581B1 (zh)
CA (1) CA2438599C (zh)
DE (1) DE60205879T2 (zh)
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Cited By (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100505866C (zh) * 2004-10-28 2009-06-24 武汉大学 一种视频信息的加解密方法
CN1758587B (zh) * 2005-09-06 2011-10-26 宏碁股份有限公司 资料处理方法
CN101286837B (zh) * 2008-05-13 2012-08-29 江苏大学 一种面向存储区域网的消息加密装置和方法
CN104734723A (zh) * 2015-03-10 2015-06-24 中国人民解放军信息工程大学 一种基于压缩和加扰的数据变换方法
CN106209896A (zh) * 2016-07-29 2016-12-07 网宿科技股份有限公司 基于音视频格式的流媒体加密方法和模块
CN111757062A (zh) * 2020-06-29 2020-10-09 郑州信大捷安信息技术股份有限公司 一种视频流的高效安全传输方法和系统

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100505866C (zh) * 2004-10-28 2009-06-24 武汉大学 一种视频信息的加解密方法
CN1758587B (zh) * 2005-09-06 2011-10-26 宏碁股份有限公司 资料处理方法
CN101286837B (zh) * 2008-05-13 2012-08-29 江苏大学 一种面向存储区域网的消息加密装置和方法
CN104734723A (zh) * 2015-03-10 2015-06-24 中国人民解放军信息工程大学 一种基于压缩和加扰的数据变换方法
CN106209896A (zh) * 2016-07-29 2016-12-07 网宿科技股份有限公司 基于音视频格式的流媒体加密方法和模块
CN106209896B (zh) * 2016-07-29 2020-02-18 网宿科技股份有限公司 基于音视频格式的流媒体加密方法和模块
CN111757062A (zh) * 2020-06-29 2020-10-09 郑州信大捷安信息技术股份有限公司 一种视频流的高效安全传输方法和系统

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BRPI0207581B1 (pt) 2016-05-24
KR100850825B1 (ko) 2008-08-06
EP1374588A1 (fr) 2004-01-02
KR20040011464A (ko) 2004-02-05
CA2438599C (en) 2011-09-20
DE60205879D1 (de) 2005-10-06
CA2438599A1 (en) 2002-09-06
ATE303699T1 (de) 2005-09-15
US7212636B2 (en) 2007-05-01
EP1374588B1 (fr) 2005-08-31
ES2248516T3 (es) 2006-03-16
BR0207581A (pt) 2004-04-27
US20030133571A1 (en) 2003-07-17
WO2002069638A1 (fr) 2002-09-06
DE60205879T2 (de) 2006-06-08
CN1220384C (zh) 2005-09-21

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