CN1493898A - Adjustable light attenuator - Google Patents
Adjustable light attenuator Download PDFInfo
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- CN1493898A CN1493898A CNA031505074A CN03150507A CN1493898A CN 1493898 A CN1493898 A CN 1493898A CN A031505074 A CNA031505074 A CN A031505074A CN 03150507 A CN03150507 A CN 03150507A CN 1493898 A CN1493898 A CN 1493898A
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Abstract
An adjustable optical attenuator is composed of a sealed casing, a controller, and such units in said sealed casing as the first optical fibre collimator, an output optical fibre whose end face is positioned at the focus point of said first collimator, the second optical fibre collimator, the input optical fibre whose end face is positioned at the focus point of said second collimator, and a microdisplacement driver with displacing monitor sensor, precise drive power supply and voltage regulator. Its advantages are high stability and high attenuation precision.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention is relevant with optical communication technique, and particularly a kind of adjustable optical attenuator is a kind of transversal displacement type adjustable optical attenuator.
Background technology:
Optical attenuator is a kind of important optical passive component that occurs along with the development of optical communication industry, is widely used in the optical communication network, is the optical passive component that optical signal power is decayed on request.It can be according to user's requirement, and the optical signal power of attenuation factor can be used for the aspects such as assessment, research, adjustment and correction of optical communication line and system.
According to the principle of work of optical attenuator, optical attenuator can be divided into several classes such as displacement type optical attenuator, direct plated film type optical attenuator, attenuator type optical attenuator and liquid crystal type optical attenuator.
When two sections optical fiber connect, must reach quite high accuracy of alignment, just can make light signal in the past with less loss transmission; Conversely, if change the accuracy of alignment of optical fiber, just can control the damping capacity of light signal, the displacement type optical attenuator is exactly around this principle, when being intended to fiber alignment, makes it produce certain dislocation, make light energy losses some, thereby reach control damping capacity purpose.Wherein, transversal displacement type optical attenuator adopts the transversion malposition of two butt joint optical fiber to influence the optical fiber accuracy of alignment, to reach the purpose of control damping capacity.
Optical attenuator also can be divided into fixed optical attenuator and adjustable optical attenuator two classes, usually, adjustable optical attenuator is to make the optical filter of high-power light signal by the part printing opacity, perhaps adopt attenuator to come the stop portions light signal, or the relative position between change input optical fibre and the output optical fibre, or, weaken the intensity of light signal gradually, thereby reach the controlled purpose of attenuated optical signal degree by the part absorption means.The displacement type optical attenuator also can be made into fixed and adjustable optical attenuator two classes as required, and wherein, the transversal displacement type is a kind of more traditional optical attenuator, has bigger market, and its advantage is that return loss is very high, usually greater than 60dB.But its adjustment precision and performance still can not satisfy the requirement of growing optical fiber communication.
Summary of the invention:
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is further to improve the performance of adjustable optic fibre attenuator, and a kind of precision height, stable performance, simple in structure, easy to operate transversal displacement type adjustable optic fiber attenuator adjusted is provided.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of adjustable optical attenuator is characterized in that being sealed with in a closure casing:
The end face of output optical fibre is positioned at the focus of first optical fiber collimator, and this optical fiber collimator is fixed on the firm banking by stationary installation; Input optical fibre is positioned at the focus of second optical fiber collimator, and this optical fiber collimator is fixed on the micro-displacement driving device by stationary installation; This micro-displacement driving device and firm banking are fixed together;
This micro-displacement driving device is provided with displacement monitoring sensor, accurate driving power and voltage regulator;
Also has a controller outside closure casing.
This micro-displacement driving device is actually a flexure hinge mechanism that is directly driven by piezoelectric ceramics, this micro-displacement driving device is made of guide rail, flexible frame, electrotriction tranducer and guide rail, described flexible frame has a plurality of parts, and each part is provided with an electrotriction tranducer.
The flexible frame of this micro-displacement driving device is made of A, B, C three parts, and A, B, C three parts are respectively equipped with the electrostriction shifter.
Described controller is made of single-chip microcomputer, D/A, A/D transducer, this single-chip microcomputer by D/A transducer, accurate driving power, micro-displacement driving device, displacement monitoring sensor, voltage regulator eh, the A/D transducer gets back to the MCS51 single-chip microcomputer, constitutes the closed-loop control of micro-displacement driving device.
Generally, because all (the fiber core with single-mold diameter is 9 μ m ± 0.5 μ m to the number of parameters level of transversal displacement type in μ m level, multimode is 50 μ m ± 1 μ m), even behind optical fiber collimator expansion bundle, beam diameter also has only about 1mm (single-mode fiber), and this has just proposed very high requirement to the control accuracy of transversal displacement type optical attenuator.Therefore, realize High Accuracy Control, also will satisfy the impulse stroke requirement simultaneously, need a kind of micro-displacement mechanism that can realize precise displacement control, the flexure hinge mechanism that adopts piezoelectric ceramics directly to drive a kind of selection that comes to this optical signal power decay.
Flexible hinge is a kind of flexible member, and it has simple in structure, compact, in light weight, does not have friction, noiseless, and no backlash such as does not need to lubricate at characteristics, often it is used as transmission, guiding, setting element.
Adopting the micro-displacement mechanism of flexible support (Piezoelectric Ceramic micro-displacement mechanism) is a kind of novel micro-displacement mechanism that development in recent years is got up, its feature is a compact conformation, volume is very little, can accomplish not have machinery friction, no gap, has higher displacement resolution.Volume is little, resolution is high, control is simple, response speed is fast because the electrostriction shifter has, and does not have characteristics such as heating, uses the electrostriction shifter can be easy to realize the precision of submicron order.
Adjustable optical attenuator of the present invention is easy and simple to handle, good stability, and the attenuation accuracy height has a good application prospect.Its outstanding feature is: because micro-displacement driving device 7 is as driving element with the electrostriction shifter, adopt the flexure hinge mechanism transmitting movement, according to both self characteristics, high precision, the control of high-resolution damping capacity can be easy to obtain, accurate, stable control can be realized fully attenuated optical signal.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of adjustable optical attenuator of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of micro-displacement driving device 7
Fig. 3 is the closed-loop control system sketch
Embodiment
See also Fig. 1 earlier, adjustable optical attenuator of the present invention, comprise: output optical fibre 1 is fixed in the optical fiber collimator 3, optical fiber collimator 3 is fixed on the firm banking 13 by collimating apparatus stationary installation 2, input optical fibre 4 is fixed in the optical fiber collimator 5, optical fiber collimator 5 is fixed on above the micro-displacement driving device 7 by collimating apparatus stationary installation 6, displacement monitoring sensor 8 is fixed on the guide rail 74, be used to monitor the displacement of flexible frame 72, accurate driving power 9 offers the input voltage of electrotriction tranducer 73, change the stroke of electrotriction tranducer 73, thus the translation step pitch size of control flexible frame 72; During work, it is constant that output optical fibre 1 remains the fixed position, and input optical fibre 4 constantly changes the accuracy of alignment with output optical fibre 1 along with micro-displacement driving device 7 is made transverse translation, lateral efficient between influence input, the output optical fibre, thus realization is to the accurate control of attenuated optical signal degree.
Micro-displacement driving device 7 is actually a flexure hinge mechanism that is directly driven by piezoelectric ceramics, as desirable micro-displacement driving device, higher displacement resolution should be arranged,, also should have higher geometric accuracy and good dynamic perfromance to guarantee high orientation precision; Also should satisfy simultaneously impulse stroke (＞1mm) requirement, as prerequisite, the structure of selected micro-displacement driving device 7 as shown in Figure 2, it comprises: guide rail 71, the flexible frame 72, electrostriction shifter 73, the guide rail 74 that are made of flexible hinge; Wherein flexible frame 72 is made of A, B, C three parts, and electrostriction shifter 73 has three, drives A, B, C three parts of mobile platform 72 respectively, makes it along the guide rail translation.
The course of work of micro-displacement driving device 7 is: suppose that the hinge translation mechanism moves along direction as shown, all not energisings of electrostriction shifter 731,732,733 before the work, when starting working, electrostriction shifter 731 energising elongation earlier clamps flexible frame A portion and rectangular guideway 71,74; Then electrostriction shifter 732 energising elongations, because of A portion is fixedly clamped with guide rail, C portion freedom, not and guide rail clamp, so electrostriction shifter 732 drives B portion flexible hinges, and drive C portion moves along the direction of arrow together; Then electrostriction shifter 733 energising elongations clamp C portion and guide rail; Then electrostriction shifter 731 outage withdrawals, A portion and guide rail unclamp; Then electrostriction shifter 732 outage withdrawals, because of C portion fixedly steps up with guide rail, A portion and guide rail unclamp, and B portion flexible hinge leans on elasticity to withdraw, and drive A portion moves along the direction of arrow together; Then electrostriction shifter 731 energising elongations, A portion and guide rail clamp; Then electrostriction shifter 733 outages, C portion and guide rail unclamp.Repeat above-mentioned steps, this drive unit moves along the diagram direction of arrow just as earthworm, thereby can realize big travel displacement.According to above-mentioned steps, change energising, the power down sequence of 3 electrostriction shifters, drive unit is moved along guide rail in the other direction along the diagram direction of arrow.
When optical attenuator of the present invention is started working, at first give 73 energisings of electrostriction shifter, outage in order respectively by controller 12, thereby control micro-displacement driving device 7, make it make transverse translation with respect to firm banking 13, drive input optical fibre 4 and optical fiber collimator 5 translations, make to produce the transversal displacement dislocation between the two-beam fibre, thereby influence the coupling efficiency between output optical fibre 1 and the input optical fibre 4, the final accurate control that realizes the optical signal power damping capacity.
The driving force of micro-displacement driving device 7 is determined by the load (pressure that bears) of electrostriction shifter 73, the load of electrostriction shifter is big more, the driving force of drive unit is just big more, its maximum step pitch (maximum displacement) and minimum step pitch (a least displacement amount), maximum displacement and resolution by the electrostriction shifter determines respectively, its maximum speed of travel is by the maximum energising response speed decision of electrostriction shifter, and the point-to-point speed of drive unit can be regulated by control program within the specific limits.
Though electrostriction shifter 731,732,733 has many advantages, but also there are some shortcomings, as have creep and hysteresis, and nonlinear problem, therefore, in practical work process, in order to improve control accuracy, can adopt close-loop control mode, concrete control system block diagram is as shown in Figure 3, system mainly is made of system controlled by computer driving power, micrometric displacement driving mechanism and micrometric displacement feedback element, and its middle controller 12 is made of MCS51 single-chip microcomputer, D/A, A/D conversion equipment.
The principle of work of control system is: in advance the displacement set-point is input in the single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer is every some milliseconds, just gathers the measured actual displacement output valve of displacement monitoring sensor 8 by the A/D translation interface, and relatively judges with set-point; Offer the input voltage of accurate driving power 0-5V then by D/A converter, because the enlargement factor of accurate driving power is certain, so the difference of input voltage value will cause the variation of accurate driving power voltage, thereby the stroke of control electrostriction shifter, up to the output valve of mechanism displacement with till set-point equates, thereby make precision not be subjected to creep, hysteresis, effect of nonlinear, and only examined precision and A/D transform the influence of quantization error and control accuracy, have improved the stability and the control accuracy of system.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of adjustable optical attenuator is characterized in that being sealed with in a closure casing (11):
The end face of output optical fibre (1) is arranged in the focus of first optical fiber collimator (3), and this optical fiber collimator (3) is fixed on the firm banking (13) by stationary installation (2);
Input optical fibre (4) is positioned at the focus of second optical fiber collimator (5), and this optical fiber collimator (5) is fixed on the micro-displacement driving device (7) by stationary installation (6);
This micro-displacement driving device (7) and firm banking (13) are fixed together;
This micro-displacement driving device (7) is provided with displacement monitoring sensor (8), accurate driving power (9) and voltage regulator (10);
Also has a controller (12) outside closure casing (11).
2, adjustable optical attenuator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that this micro-displacement driving device (7) is actually a flexure hinge mechanism that is directly driven by piezoelectric ceramics, this micro-displacement driving device (7) is made of guide rail (71), flexible frame (72), electrotriction tranducer (73) and guide rail (74), described flexible frame (72) has a plurality of parts, and each part is provided with an electrotriction tranducer (73).
3, adjustable optical attenuator according to claim 2 is characterized in that the flexible frame (72) of this micro-displacement driving device (7) is made of A, B, C three parts, and A, B, C three parts are respectively equipped with electrostriction shifter (731,732,733).
4, adjustable optical attenuator according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described controller (12) is made of single-chip microcomputer, D/A, A/D transducer, single-chip microcomputer is got back to single-chip microcomputer by D/A transducer, accurate driving power (9), micro-displacement driving device (7), displacement monitoring sensor (8), voltage regulator (10), A/D transducer, constitutes micro-displacement driving device (7) closed-loop control.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031505074A CN1244003C (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2003-08-22 | Adjustable light attenuator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031505074A CN1244003C (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2003-08-22 | Adjustable light attenuator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1493898A true CN1493898A (en) | 2004-05-05 |
| CN1244003C CN1244003C (en) | 2006-03-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031505074A Expired - Fee Related CN1244003C (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2003-08-22 | Adjustable light attenuator |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1244003C (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104181652A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2014-12-03 | 苏州承乐电子科技有限公司 | Optical fiber collimator |
| CN105116498A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-02 | 成都美美通信技术有限公司 | Optical fiber docking and aligning mechanism |
| CN108549129A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-09-18 | 广州佳隆信息科技有限公司 | A kind of laser power precision regulating method and laser power precision regulator |
-
2003
- 2003-08-22 CN CNB031505074A patent/CN1244003C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104181652A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2014-12-03 | 苏州承乐电子科技有限公司 | Optical fiber collimator |
| CN105116498A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-02 | 成都美美通信技术有限公司 | Optical fiber docking and aligning mechanism |
| CN108549129A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-09-18 | 广州佳隆信息科技有限公司 | A kind of laser power precision regulating method and laser power precision regulator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1244003C (en) | 2006-03-01 |
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