CN1491737A - Toxin filtering, desulfurizing and acid-removing system for alkali liquor - Google Patents
Toxin filtering, desulfurizing and acid-removing system for alkali liquor Download PDFInfo
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- CN1491737A CN1491737A CNA031402461A CN03140246A CN1491737A CN 1491737 A CN1491737 A CN 1491737A CN A031402461 A CNA031402461 A CN A031402461A CN 03140246 A CN03140246 A CN 03140246A CN 1491737 A CN1491737 A CN 1491737A
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Abstract
The toxin filtering, desulfurizing and acid removing system with alkali liquor consists of toxin filtering device with alkali liquor for filtering toxin, filtering smoke and removing acid, slag filtering device connected to the toxin filtering device for desulfurizing and filtering slag, circulation device connected to the toxin filtering device for providing alkali liquor circularly, monitoring device connected to the toxin filtering device for monitoring the concentration of alkali liquor, and waste utilizing device connected to the toxin filtering device. The present invention is one multi-purpose operation system with simple structure, low cost, operation convenience and excellent use effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a system for eliminating harmful gases, in particular to a system for filtering poison, desulfurizing and deacidifying alkali liquor of harmful gases.
Background
In the prior art, no device for neutralizing acid gas with alkali liquor, no device for neutralizing poison gas with alkali liquor, and no device for removing SO from old alkali liquor2The desulfurization device of (1); in summary,there is no liquid alkali to remove toxic gases, so it is unable to cope with the wide range of harmful gas removal in emergency, especially it is inconvenient to change the harmful gas into usable nontoxic pollution-free substance to be returned to the society for utilization, and the rarely used toxic gas removing device is also complicated in structure, high in cost, low in efficiency, complicated in operation, and inconvenient in use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides the alkaline liquor toxicity-filtering, desulfurizing and acid-removing system which has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, convenient operation, the same structure and multiple purposes and can change harmful gas into valuable.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the system consists of a poison filtering device A for filtering poison, smoke and acid by using alkali liquor, a residue filtering device B for desulfurizing and filtering residues, a circulating device C for continuously operating alkali liquor circulation, a monitoring device D for monitoring alkali liquor concentration and a waste utilization device E, wherein the residue filtering device A is connected with the poison filtering device, the circulating device C is connected with the poison filtering device and is used for continuously operating the alkali liquor circulation, and the monitoring device D is connected with the poison filtering device.
The toxin filtering device A can be arranged in or outside a ventilating duct and a smoke window according to terrain, can be a single-layer filler toxin filtering tower or a double-layer filler toxin filtering tower, can be built into a round body, a rectangular body or a square body, and mainly comprises an alkaline liquid chamber 3 arranged at the top, a filler layer 4 arranged on a middle filler supporting grid 10, a water sealing tank 6 arranged at the bottom, a liquid storage tank 7 arranged below the bottom, an airflow buffer chamber 2 arranged between the alkaline liquid chamber 3 and the filler layer 4 and an air-liquid separation chamber 5 arranged between the filler layer 4 and the water sealing tank 6 or between the two filler layers 4, wherein the water sealing tank 6 is communicated with the liquid storage tank 7 through an overflow pipe 13, toxic gas enters the airflow buffer chamber 2 through a liquid spraying hole 15 through an air inlet pipe 1 and is discharged through an air outlet pipe 8 through the filler layer 4 and a water baffle plate 9 after purification, a perspective sheet 11 for observation is further arranged on the inner wall of the tower body, and the air speed of the toxic gas through the, the specific speed is 0.4-2.1 (cm)3Per centimeter2Divide), the aperture of the liquid hole 15 that drenches that opens on the arc leading pipe that 3 bottom plates of alkaline chamber drenched the hole and just set up the air intake all is 1.5 ~ 2.0 mm.
The packing layer 4 takes brick material, stone rice, coke material, ceramic balls, stainless steel balls or slag material as packing, the diameter of the packing particles is 4-5 mm, and the thickness of the packing layer is 300 +/-20 mm.
The alkali liquor is 10% sodium hydroxide solution or a mixed solution containing 10% glycerol by volume in the 10% sodium hydroxide solution.
The residue filtering device B comprises a residue filtering tower 17, a water pump 18, a conduit 27, a spray header and a residue blocking rod (or inclined plate), wherein the residue filtering tower 17 is arranged at a tobacco residue outlet and is connected with the toxin filtering tower through a tobacco pipe 16.
The circulating deviceC consists of a liquid storage tank 7, water pumps 18 and 19, guide pipes 23 and 27 and a shower head, wherein the water pumps 18 and 19 and the guide pipes 23 and 27 are inserted into the liquid storage tank 7 and sprayed to the alkali liquor chamber 3 and the residue filtering tower 17, so that the alkali water in the alkali water chamber 3 and the residue filtering tower 17 of the toxin filtering tower 17 is kept to continuously circulate.
The monitoring device D comprises a 30-40% concentrated alkali water tank 28, water pumps 21 and 22, guide pipes 24 and 25 and an automatic acid-base controller 29, wherein the water pumps 21 and 22 are connected with the concentrated alkali water tank 28 in a downward connection mode and are transversely connected with the liquid storage tank 7, and when the concentration of alkali water in the liquid storage tank 7 is lower than 9%, the water pumps are automatically started to pump the concentrated alkali water into the liquid storage tank 7; when the concentration of the alkali liquor in the liquid storage tank 7 reaches 10%, the water pump is automatically turned off, and pumping is stopped.
The waste utilization device E comprises a conduit (or tank) 26, a water pump 20, a waste liquid pool 30 and a dry residue storage yard 31, wherein the water pump 20 in the liquid storage tank 7 is connected with the waste liquid pool 30 and is used for pumping alkali liquid with the concentration of over 10% into the waste liquid pool 30 for processing into sulfuric acid and sodium sulfate.
An overflow pipe 13 is arranged on one side of the bottom of the water seal tank 6, and a funnel made of glass wool is arranged at one end of the liquid passing and storing tank 7 to filter impurities in the alkaline solution.
The angle of the slag blocking rod (inclined plate) is 75 degrees +/-2 degrees, and the slag blocking rod is arranged in the filter residue tower 17 and made of acid-base-resistant high-temperature-resistant materials.
The principle of the invention is based on the basic principle of acid-base neutralization to generate salt and water:
(I) filtering poison and smoke: the chemical reaction between alkali liquor and toxic agent in air is used to destroy toxic substance, so filtering out toxic substance.
Representative fast-acting toxicants hydrocyanic acid, organophosphorous toxicants sarin and cyanogen chloride were selected as the toxicants for the test. The purpose of filtering poison can be achieved by destroying hydrocyanic acid and sarin by using 10% sodium hydroxide solution. The protective effect on cyanogen chloride can also be better under the condition of using 10% sodium hydroxide solution (calculated by 100 ml of glycerol in 1L of solution and 100 g of sodium hydroxide). The chemical reaction equation is as follows:
hydrocyanic acid in the air is absorbed by the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and sodium cyanide is rapidly produced:
the chemical property of sodium cyanide is unstable, and the sodium cyanide is decomposed in water when meeting carbon dioxide in the air and is released to hydrocyanic acid:
the sarin poison gas in the air can be rapidly decomposed with the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to generate nontoxic substances:
the cyanogen chloride in the air reacts with the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to generate sodium cyanate and sodium chloride, but because the action speed of the cyanogen chloride and the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is slow, 10% glycerol is added into 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, and the cyanogen chloride is firstly dissolved in the glycerol and then reacts with the sodium hydroxide:
(II) desulfurizing filter residues: the acid substances such as sulfur dioxide in the coal slag in the thermal power industry are neutralized by 10 percent sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, so as to achieve the aim of eliminating the reduction. The chemical reaction is as follows:
in the combustion of coal and oil, the released sulfur dioxide is quickly oxidized into sulfur trioxide:
sulfur trioxide is converted to sulfuric acid in the presence of water:
sulfuric acid with sodium hydroxide, quickly generating sodium sulfate and water:
and thirdly, reacting other water-soluble acidic substances (gas) with sodium hydroxide to generate new salt and water, and so on.
The principle of filtering poison (smoke) of the poison filtering tower is as follows: the air polluted by toxic agents outside is changed into nontoxic air through the poison filtering tower for workers to use. The process is as follows: when the alkali liquor is sprayed downwards, the buffer chamber andthe packing layer are filled with the alkali liquor. When the exhaust fan is started, outside contaminated air enters the airflow buffer chamber from the air inlet pipe, the specific speed is controlled to be 2, the airflow speed is reduced, and the toxic agent and the alkali liquor sprayed from the alkali liquor pool are subjected to partial chemical action; the residual contaminated air and alkali liquor enter the packing layer at the same time, and the toxic agent is physically dissolved when contacting with the alkali liquor on the surface of the packing, and the toxic air is changed into non-toxic air through acid-alkali neutralization and hydrolysis reaction; the purified nontoxic air and alkali liquor are sent to the gas-liquid separation chamber and then sent to the tunnel for personnel to use through the air outlet pipe. The alkali liquor flows into a water-sealed tank connected with the gas-liquid separation chamber, and then is introduced into a liquid storage tank (barrel) through an overflow pipe for recycling.
The invention is an operation system with the same principle, the same structure and multiple purposes, and has the functions of simple structure, low cost, convenient operation and good effect. When the air filter is used for air defense engineering, harmful gas is changed into nontoxic air by filtering poison and smoke; when the sulfur dioxide is used for desulfurization and slag removal of smoke dust in the thermal power industry, sulfur dioxide can be converted into harmless substances with high efficiency and low cost; when the method is used in industries needing acid removal, acidic substances soluble in water can be removed, and the acidic substances are changed into nontoxic substances for industrial and agricultural use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a single-packed toxin-filtering tower of the toxin-filtering apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dual-layer packed toxin-filtering tower of the toxin-filtering device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the general assembly of the present invention in a single-packed poison-filtering column;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the present invention in a double-packed poison filtering tower.
In fig. 1-4, 1 air inlet pipe, 2 air flow buffer chamber, 3 alkaline liquid chamber, 4 packing layer, 5 gas-liquid separation chamber, 6 water seal tank, 7 liquid storage tank, 8 air outlet pipe, 9 water baffle, 10 support grid, 11 perspective sheet, 12 tower body, 13 overflow pipe, 14 liquid guide pipe, 15 liquid pouring hole, 16 smoke pipe, 17 residue tower, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 water pump, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 conduit, 28 concentrated alkaline water tank, 29 acid-alkali automatic controller, 30 waste liquid tank, 31 dry residue storage yard.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-4, the poison filtering device takes a single-layer filler poison filtering tower as an example, concrete is built into a rectangular body, the inner layer and the outer layer are plastered and pressed by acid-base resistant cement, a layer of water glass is coated, a supporting grid frame 10 for supporting the filler is made of steel bars or stainless steel pipes coated with anti-rust paint, an alkali liquor chamber 3, an overflow pipe 13 and a liquid storage tank 7. The filter is made of a stainless steel or hard polyethylene plate or a pipe, a stone grain and coke grain filler with the diameter of about 4.5mm is used, the thickness is 300mm, the height distance between the layer surface of the filler and the bottom of an alkali liquor pool is preferably controlled to be 400mm, an arc-shaped liquid guide pipe is arranged right opposite to a harmful gas air inlet, a plurality of liquid pouring holes which are arranged in a regular triangle and the liquid pouring holes 15 of the bottom plate of an alkali liquor chamber 3 are formed in the pipe, the diameters are 1.5-2.0 mm, the height of a water seal pool 6 at the bottom of the toxin filtering tower is 150mm, an overflow pipe 13 is arranged on one side close to the bottom, a funnel made of glass wool is arranged at one end of a liquid passing storage tank 7, so as to filter impurities in the; for a poison filtering tower with 500 cubic meters of air volume, the liquid storage tank 7 can contain 20-40 kilograms of alkali liquor so as to be recycled. A residue filtering tower 17 in the residue filtering device is arranged at a smoke outlet, and a water pump, a guide pipe, a spray header and a residue blocking rod with an angle of 75 degrees are installed and then are connected with a toxin filtering tower and a liquid storage tank 7 through a smoke pipe 16; connecting a water pump, a conduit and a shower head in the circulating device, and inserting the conduit into the liquid storage tank 7 to spray the conduit onto the alkali liquor chamber 3 and the residue filtering tower 17; a water pump, a conduit and an acid-base automatic controller in the monitoring device are connected, the lower part of the water pump is inserted into a concentrated alkaline water tank and is transversely connected with a liquid storage tank 7; the conduit of the waste utilization device is connected with the waste residue pool and the dry residue storage yard, the conduit 26 of the waste residue pool is connected with the water pump 20 in the liquid storage tank 7, the total assembly of the invention is completed, and the concentration of the alkali liquor is 10 percent of NaOH liquor or mixed alkali liquor containing 10 percent of glycerol by volume when in operation, and the mixed alkali liquor is used for removing the hydrogen chloride toxic gas.
Claims (10)
1. The system is characterized by comprising a poison filtering device A for filtering poison, smoke and acid by using alkali liquor, a residue filtering device B for desulfurizing and filtering residues, a circulating device C connected with the poison filtering device and used for allowing the alkali liquor to circulate and continuously operate, a monitoring device D connected with the poison filtering device and used for monitoring the concentration of the alkali liquor, and a waste utilization device E connected with the poison filtering device.
2. The alkali liquor toxin-filtering desulfurization and deacidification system according to claim 1, wherein the toxin-filtering device A can be arranged in or out of a ventilating duct and a smoke window according to terrain, can be a single-layer filler toxin-filtering tower or a double-layer filler toxin-filtering tower, can be built into a round body, a rectangular body or a square body, mainly comprises an alkali liquor chamber 3 arranged at the top, a filler layer (4) arranged on a middle filler supporting grid frame (10), a water seal tank (6) arranged at the bottom, a liquid storage tank (7) arranged below the bottom, an airflow buffer chamber (2) arranged between the alkali liquor chamber (3) and the filler layer (4) and an air-liquid separation chamber (5) arranged between the filler layer (4) and the water seal tank (6) or between the two filler layers (4), the water seal tank (6) is communicated with the liquid storage tank (7) through an overflow pipe (13), and toxic gas enters the airflow buffer chamber (2) through a liquid spraying hole (15) of an, the purified gas is discharged from an air outlet pipe (8) through a packing layer (4) and a water baffle (9), a perspective sheet (11) for observation is also arranged in the tower body, the wind speed of the toxic gas passing through an air inlet pipe (1) is controlled to be 9-10 m/s, and the specific speed is 0.4-2.1 (cm)3Per centimeter2Divide), the aperture of the alkali liquor chamber 3 bottom plate drenches the hole and drenches liquid hole (15) that open on the arc leading pipe that sets up just to the air intake on the aperture all is 1.5 ~ 2.0 mm.
3. The alkali liquor toxin-filtering desulfurization acid-removing system according to claim 2, characterized in that the packing layer (4) takes brick material, stone rice, coke material, ceramic balls, stainless steel balls or slag material as packing, the diameter of the packing particles is 4-5 mm, and the thickness of the packing layer is 300 ± 20 mm.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the alkali solution is 10% sodium hydroxide solution or 10% sodium hydroxide solution with 10% glycerol.
5. The alkali liquor toxicity-filtering, desulfuration and deacidification system according to claim 1, wherein the residue filtering device B comprises a residue filtering tower (17), a water pump (18), a conduit (27), a spray header and a residue blocking rod (or inclined plate), and the residue filtering tower (17) is installed at a smoke residue outlet and is connected with the toxicity-filtering tower through a smoke tube (16).
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the circulating device C comprises a liquid storage tank (7), water pumps (18, 19), conduits (23, 27) and showers, and the water pumps (18, 19) and the conduits (23, 27) are inserted into the liquid storage tank (7) below and sprayed to the lye chamber (3). And the residue filtering tower (17) keeps the alkali water chamber (3) of the toxin filtering tower and the residue filtering tower (17) to continuously circulate and operate.
7. The alkali liquor toxicity-filtering, desulfurizing and acid-removing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the monitoring device D comprises 30-40% concentrated alkali liquor pool (28), water pumps (21, 22), conduits (24, 25) and an automatic acid-alkali controller (29), wherein the water pumps (21, 22) are connected with the concentrated alkali liquor pool (28) in a downward direction and are connected with the liquor storage tank (7) in a transverse direction, and when the alkali liquor concentration in the liquor storage tank is lower than 9%, the water pumps are automatically started to pump the concentrated alkali liquor into the liquor storage tank (7); when the concentration of the alkali liquor in the liquid storage tank reaches 10%, the water pump is automatically turned off, and pumping is stopped.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the waste recycling device E comprises a conduit (or tank) (26), a water pump (20), a waste liquid pool (30), and a dry residue storage yard (31), the water pump (20) in the liquid storage tank (7) is connected to the waste liquid pool (30) for pumping more than 10% of the alkali liquid into the waste liquid pool (30) for processing into sulfuric acid and sodium sulfate.
9. The alkali liquor toxicity-filtering, desulfurizing and acid-removing system according to claim 2, characterized in that an overflow pipe (13) is installed at one side of the bottom of the water seal tank 6, and a funnel made of glass wool is installed at the upper end of the liquid passing tank (7) for filtering impurities in the alkali liquor.
10. The alkali liquor toxin-filtering desulfurization acid-removing system according to claim 5, characterized in that the angle of the slag-blocking rod (inclined plate) is 75 ° ± 2 °, and the slag-blocking rod is arranged in the residue-filtering tower (17) and made of acid-alkali-resistant high-temperature-resistant materials.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03140246 CN1212878C (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2003-08-22 | Toxin filtering, desulfurizing and acid-removing system for alkali liquor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03140246 CN1212878C (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2003-08-22 | Toxin filtering, desulfurizing and acid-removing system for alkali liquor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1491737A true CN1491737A (en) | 2004-04-28 |
| CN1212878C CN1212878C (en) | 2005-08-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 03140246 Expired - Fee Related CN1212878C (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2003-08-22 | Toxin filtering, desulfurizing and acid-removing system for alkali liquor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114292659A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-08 | 枣庄杰富意振兴化工有限公司 | Coal tar deep processing method |
-
2003
- 2003-08-22 CN CN 03140246 patent/CN1212878C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114292659A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-08 | 枣庄杰富意振兴化工有限公司 | Coal tar deep processing method |
| CN114292659B (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2023-09-01 | 枣庄杰富意振兴化工有限公司 | Deep processing method of coal tar |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1212878C (en) | 2005-08-03 |
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