CN1489662A

CN1489662A - Double layer acoustic liner and fluid pressurizing device and method utilizing same

Info

Publication number: CN1489662A
Application number: CNA01822797XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: Z・刘; Z·刘
Original assignee: Dresser Rand Co
Current assignee: Dresser Rand Co
Priority date: 2000-12-21
Filing date: 2001-11-08
Publication date: 2004-04-14
Anticipated expiration: 2021-11-08
Also published as: DE60120769T2; CA2432094C; DE60120769D1; JP4088155B2; CN1318710C; EP1356169A4; CA2432094A1; EP1356169B1; WO2002052110A1; JP2004525290A; DE01996188T1; EP1356169A1

Abstract

This invention relates to a double layer acoustic liner for attenuating noise and consisting of a plurality of cells formed in a plate in a manner to form an array of resonators, and a fluid processing device and method incorporating same.

Description

Double-deck acoustic lining and the fluid pressurized apparatus and method of using described liner

Related application that can be for reference

The application be on December 21st, 2000 propose do not examine and revise patent application S.N.09/745,862 subsequent application.

Background technology

The fluid pressurized apparatus and method that the present invention relates to a kind of acoustic lining of bilayer and use described liner.

Fluid pressurized device (such as centrifugal compressor) is widely used in the different industries of various application of the compression that relates to gas or supercharging.Yet typical compressor produces higher noise level, and there is significantly harm in described noise for installing near people.Described noise also can cause vibrations and structural failure.

For example, main noise source results from the position of impeller outlet and diffuser inlet usually in the centrifugal compressor, and this is because fluid passes the high-speed of these zones and causes.Be placed in the diffuser when recovering with pressure when discharging blade, it is higher that the noise rank can become, and this is owing to the aerodynamic reciprocation between impeller and the diffuser vane causes.

People have used other than high noise level that various external noise control measure (such as covering and packing) reduce that compressor and similar device produce.These external noises reduce technology may be quite expensive, and especially they make later addition product as this device usually.

In addition, developed the interior arrangement that is generally the acoustic lining form, described interior arrangement is arranged in compressor and the similar device, so that the noise of control gas flow path inside.These liners are normally based on known Helmholtz resonator principle, according to described Helmholtz resonator principle, when sound wave during by the vibration of the hole in the liner, the liner acoustic energy that dissipated, and because the local impedance mismatch that liner caused and reflection of the acoustic energy upstream.In United States Patent(USP) Nos. 4,100,993; 4,135,603; 4,150,732; 4,189,027; 4,443,751; 4,944,362; And the example that has disclosed Helmholtz resonator in 5,624,518.

Typical Helmholtz system acoustic lining is three sandwich forms, and described three sandwiches are made up of the honeycomb unit that is held between perforated panel and the back plate.Although these three-chip type designs successfully have been applicable to the noise aspect that suppresses in the aero-engine, can't affirm whether these three-chip type designs can be applicable in the fluid pressurized device (such as centrifugal compressor).This mainly be since the extreme operating condition of compressor (such as, in the quick step-down process that the compressor emergency cut-off is caused) under, the perforated panel of liner may have been interrupted bonding the causing between itself and the honeycomb structure.Perforated panel can fluff in this case, this can make that not only acoustic lining no longer plays a role, but also can cause excessive air force to run off, even can occur because the possibility of the bust of the potential machinery that collision caused between the perforated sheet of avalanche and the rotary blade.

Therefore need a kind of system and method that be used for reducing the noise of fluid pressurized device, described system and method uses Helmholtz system acoustic lining, has eliminated its shortcoming simultaneously.

Summary of the invention

Therefore a kind of acoustic lining is provided, and the fluid treating device and the method that comprise described acoustic lining, according to described method, the liner noise of having decayed, and described device is made up of one or more acoustic linings, and each described acoustic lining all comprises and a plurality ofly is formed at unit in the plate in the mode that forms one group of resonator.

Brief description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of a part that includes the gas pressurized device of the related a pair of acoustic lining of one embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is the amplification cross-sectional view of an acoustic lining among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the amplification front elevation of the part of Fig. 2 liner; With

Fig. 4 is the view similar to Fig. 1 with Fig. 5, but shows the auxiliary acoustic lining that is arranged in other positions in the fluid pressurized device.

The specific embodiment

Fig. 1 shows the part of high-pressure fluid supercharging device (such as centrifugal compressor), and described device comprises shell 10, and described shell 10 defines the impeller cavity 10a that is used to receive impeller 12, installs described impeller 12 to such an extent that can rotate in described impeller cavity.It should be understood that the power transmission shaft (not shown) makes impeller 12 rotate under high speed, fully velocity pressure is delivered to the gas place that is inhaled in the compressor via inlet.

Impeller 12 comprises in axisymmetric mode and is arranged in the axial a plurality of impeller blade 12a in back, described back over glaze is used for gas is discharged to diffuser passage or raceway groove 14, and described diffuser passage or raceway groove 14 radially outward are formed in the shell 10 from chamber 10a and impeller 12.Raceway groove 14 received the high-pressure fluid that comes from impeller 12 before high-pressure fluid is sent to spiral case or gatherer 16.Diffuser raceway groove 14 is used for the velocity pressure of gas is changed into static pressure, and described diffuser raceway groove 14 links to each other with discharging spiral case or gatherer 16, and described discharging spiral case or gatherer 16 also are formed in the shell and with described pipeline and are connected.Though not shown in Fig. 1, it should be understood that discharging spiral case 16 makes air under pressure be connected with the outlet of compressor.

Because the centrifugal action of impeller blade 12a can be compressed to gas under the higher pressure.Compressor also is equipped with the pad bearing of conventional labyrinth seal, thrust bearing, inclination and other conventional equipment for such compressor.Because this structure is conventional, therefore this structure will be shown no longer or it will be explained in more detail.Installation bracket 20 is fastened onto on the inwall of the shell 10 that defines diffuser raceway groove 14, and described installation bracket 20 comprises substrate 22 and plate 24, described substrate 22 is adjacent to the outer end portion of impeller and arranges, the rear wall of described plate 24 from described bases along shell extends.

The annular acoustic lining 28 of two all-in-one-piece, single-pieces and 30 is installed in the groove in the plate 24 of carriage 20 in the mode that leans, and each described

liner

28 and 30 shape all are annular, and extend round impeller 12 360 degree.At length show the upper part of liner 28 in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, and liner 28 is made of annular, thicker, whole housing or plate 32, described housing or plate 32 preferably are made of a steel.Can any traditional mode (such as with a plurality of bolts or the like) plate 32 is invested on the carrier frame plate 24.

A surface passing plate 32 is formed with many bigger unit or opening 34, and but described unit or opening 34 pass the big half thickness of described plate do not pass its whole thickness.Many smaller units 36 extend to the apparent surface of plate 32 from the bottom of each unit 34.For exemplary purposes, each unit 34 shown in the figure all has discoid cross section, and each unit 36 all is the boring form, but it should be understood that the shape of

unit

34 and 36 can change in protection scope of the present invention.

According to one embodiment of the present of invention, each unit 34 an all surface by plate 32 gets out larger-diameter countersunk and forms, and but described countersunk passes the big half thickness of described plate do not pass its whole thickness.Each unit 36 all another surface by plate 32 gets out boring up to the bottom of corresponding unit 34 or path forms, thereby makes unit 34 be connected with diffuser raceway groove 14.

As shown in Figure 3, unit 34 is to form in the mode of extending row along a plurality of annulars in the full annular zone of plate 32, wherein each row's unit 34 and its adjacent row's unit 34 interlaced or biasings.A plurality of unit 36 interrelate with each unit 34, can perhaps, can form unit 36 with equally distributed any pattern with respect to its units corresponding 34 arrangement unit 36 optionally.

With reference to Fig. 1, liner 30 is similar to liner 28, and similarly, liner 30 also is made of annular, thicker, whole housing or plate 42 (Fig. 1), described housing or plate 42 preferably are made of a steel, and in any traditional mode (such as with a plurality of bolts or the like) liner 30 are invested on the liner 28.A surface passing plate 42 is formed with many bigger unit or opening 44, and many smaller units 46 extend to the apparent surface of plate 32 from the bottom of each unit 34.Because unit 44 is similar with 36 to unit 34 respectively with 46, therefore will no longer be further described it.Though also not shown in the drawings, it should be understood that liner 30 can have different thickness with 28.

Liner

28 and 30 is installed on the carrier frame plate 24, and wherein the surface of the liner 28 that passes therethrough of unit 34 and the surface of the liner 30 that unit 46 passes therethrough lean.Equally, the unit 34 of liner 28 aligns with the unit 44 of liner 30.The openend of the unit 44 of liner 30 is covered by the lower wall of the plate 24 of carriage 20, and the openend of the unit 34 of liner 28 is covered by the respective surfaces of liner 30.Because the unit 34 of liner 28 is that the therefore unit 46 of liner 30 that aligns mutually makes the unit 34 of liner 28 and the unit 44 of liner 30 interconnect with the unit 44 of liner 30.

Because between the

liner

28 and 30 and firm contact the between the respective wall of liner 30 and the plate 24 of carriage 20, and because unit 36 and 46 makes unit 34 be connected with diffuser raceway groove 14 with 44, therefore jointly work as the resonator of one group of series connection in described unit.Thereby

liner

28 and 30 has been decayed in shell 10 because the fast rotational of impeller 12 and by the sound wave that its associated component produced, and the noise possibility walking around liner and pass another paths of having eliminated (or minimizing at least).

And, can reduce the main noise component that under blade passing frequency or higher frequency, occurs usually effectively by adjusting

liner

28 and 30, so that the latter,, maximum sound attenuation appears around the higher frequency that is.Can realize this point by the volume of change unit 34 and 44 and/or cross-sectional area, quantity and/or its length of unit 36 and 46.If provide two liners 28 to compare with the situation of only using a liner with 30, they can be in noise attenuation in the frequency range widely, thereby can realize that the decay of peak discharge ground is by the impeller 12 of rotation and the acoustic energy that associated component produced thereof.

According to the embodiment of Fig. 4, two ring liners 48 all-in-one-piece, single-piece are fastened onto in the groove that is formed in shell 10 inwalls in the mode relative with

liner

28 and 30 with 50.Liner 48 extends in the bottom of groove and is connected with the structure that constitutes described groove in any traditional mode (such as with a plurality of bolts or the like); Liner 50 is to extend in groove with the mode that liner 48 leans and to be connected with liner 48 in any traditional mode (such as with a plurality of bolts or the like).Liner 50 partly limits diffuser raceway groove 14 with liner 30.Because liner 48 is identical with

liner

28 and 30 with 50 and serve the same role, so will it not done any further description.

Because between the

liner

48 and 50 and firm contact the between the respective wall of liner 48 and shell 10, and because the layout of each unit of liner, so jointly work as one group of resonator of connecting in described unit.Thereby

liner

48 and 50 has been decayed in shell 10 because the fast rotational of impeller 12 and by the sound wave that its associated component produced, and the noise possibility walking around liner and pass another paths of having eliminated (or minimizing at least).

liner

48 and 50, so that the latter,, maximum sound attenuation appears around the higher frequency that is.Can realize this point by volume and/or cross-sectional area, quantity and/or its length that changes their each unit.If provide two liners 48 to compare with the situation of only using a liner with 50, they can be in noise attenuation in the frequency range widely, thereby can realize that the decay of peak discharge ground is by the impeller 12 of rotation and the acoustic energy that associated component produced thereof.

In addition, in the groove of

ring liner

54 and 56 in being formed at shell 10 of two all-in-one-piece, single-pieces, be installed to the rear portion of impeller 12.Liner 54 extends in the bottom of groove and is connected with the structure that constitutes described groove in any traditional mode (such as with a plurality of bolts or the like); Liner 56 is to extend in groove with the mode that liner 54 leans and to be connected with liner 54 in any traditional mode (such as with a plurality of bolts or the like).Liner 56 limits the chamber that impeller 12 rotates therein with liner 52.

Liner 54 and 56 external diameter are less than the external diameter of

liner

28,30,48 and 50, but other aspects are identical with

liner

28,30,48 and 50, and are mounted in the mode identical with

liner

28,30,48 and 50.

Because between the

liner

54 and 56 and firm contact the between the respective wall of liner 54 and shell 10, and owing to the layout of each unit of liner, so jointly work as one group of continuous resonator in described unit.Thereby

liner

54 and 56 has been decayed in shell 10 because the fast rotational of impeller 12 and by the sound wave that its associated component produced, and the noise possibility walking around liner and pass another paths of having eliminated (or minimizing at least).

liner

54 and 56, so that the latter,, maximum sound attenuation appears around the higher frequency that is.Can realize this point by volume and/or cross-sectional area, quantity and/or its length that changes their each unit.If provide two liners 54 to compare with the situation of only using a liner with 56, they can be in noise attenuation in the frequency range widely, thereby can realize that the decay of peak discharge ground is by the impeller 12 of rotation and the acoustic energy that associated component produced thereof.

Also show the another kind of preferred arrangements of liner in Fig. 5, wherein show inlet duct 60, described inlet duct 60 is incorporated into gas in the inlet of impeller 12.As shown in Figure 5, extend above the center line C/L of pipeline and shell 10 on the top that wherein shows pipeline 60.

Liner 64 all-in-one-piece, single-piece is inlaid on the inwall of pipeline 60, wherein shows its radially outer.Liner 64 is crooked housing forms, and it is cylindric or conical that its shape is preferably, and described liner 64 is arranged in the annular groove that is formed in pipeline 60 inner surfaces, and is fastened onto in the groove in any known mode.Because liner 64 is similar with 56 to

liner

28,30,48,50,52,54 in other respects, therefore will no longer further describe it.

Liner 66 all-in-one-piece, single-piece also is arranged in the annular groove of back, and described liner 66 extends around liner 64 in the mode that the external surface of its inner surface and liner 64 leans.Liner 66 is crooked housing forms, and it is cylindric or conical that its shape is preferably, and its diameter is greater than the diameter of liner 64, and is fastened onto liner 64 in any known mode (such as with a plurality of bolts or the like).Because liner 64 is similar with 56 to

liner

28,30,48,50,52,54 in other respects with 66, and plays a role in an identical manner with the noise in the obvious reduction shell 10, therefore will no longer further describe it.

Since between the liner 64 and 66 and liner 66 and shell 10 define firm contact the between the respective wall of back groove, and because the layout of each unit of liner, with they positions with respect to inlet duct 60, therefore jointly work as the resonator of one group of series connection in described unit.Thereby liner 64 and 66 has been decayed in shell 10 because the fast rotational of impeller 12 and by the sound wave that its associated component produced, and the noise possibility walking around liner and pass another paths of having eliminated (or minimizing at least).

And, can reduce the main noise component that under blade passing frequency or higher frequency, occurs usually effectively by adjusting liner 64 and 66, so that the latter,, maximum sound attenuation appears around the higher frequency that is.Can realize this point by volume and/or cross-sectional area, quantity and/or its length that changes their each unit.If provide two liners 64 to compare with the situation of only using a liner with 66, they can be in noise attenuation in the frequency range widely, thereby can realize that the decay of peak discharge ground is by the impeller 12 of rotation and the acoustic energy that associated component produced thereof.

In addition, this fact that the frequency of the main noise component in the fluid pressurized device of known the above-mentioned type can change along with compressor speed, each can this pad of upper edge, space than the less unit number of big unit be varied to and makes decay the effectively noise of bigger frequency band of whole pad in each liner.Therefore, not only in the constant speed machine, and in variable speed compressor or gaseous fluid supercharging device,

liner

28,30,48,50,52,54,56,64 and 66 all can be efficiently noise attenuation effectively.

Except acoustic energy attenuation and elimination back energy pass from bypass as mentioned above, to compare with modular design recited above, the structure of the monolithic of liner, single-piece makes liner more firm in mechanical aspects in the foregoing description.Therefore, liner provides adamantine inwall for the internal flow in the fluid pressurized device, and less deformed or distortion hardly when being subjected to mechanical load and heat requirement, even in the time of therefore in it being installed in narrow gap (such as diffuser raceway groove or the like), described liner is not having harmful effect yet aspect the aerodynamic quality of fluid pressurized device (such as centrifugal compressor).

Modification

The concrete layout and the quantity of the liner that the foregoing description is related are not limited to shown quantity.Therefore, can be with any side of gasket arrangement at diffuser raceway groove and/or impeller and/or inlet duct.

Can be different from above-mentioned technology in order to the concrete technology that constitutes unit in the liner.For example, can constitute such monolithic liner, wherein the unit is molded in their plates separately.

The relative size of the unit of each liner, shape, quantity and pattern can change.

Liner is not limited to centrifugal compressor and is used in combination, and equally applicable to other fluid pressurized device, described fluid pressurized device passes through movably blade realization aerodynamic effect.

As mentioned above, each liner all can extend to a certain degree around the axis of impeller and inlet duct; Perhaps each liner can be made for several parts, described several parts are extended the angular distance less than 360 degree.

Above employed space reference, such as " bottom ", " inside ", " outside ", " sidepiece " or the like, all only be for illustrative purposes, rather than the concrete orientation or the position of limiting structure.

Owing in aforementioned disclosure, can comprise other correction, change and replacement, it should be understood that therefore that appended claim should be explained more widely and consistent with protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. sound attenuation assembly, described assembly comprises: the acoustic lining of first all-in-one-piece, single-piece, described liner comprises a single plate, and to form a plurality of unit that one group of mode that is used for the resonator of acoustic energy attenuation is formed at described plate; And the acoustic lining of second all-in-one-piece, the single-piece of being arranged in the mode that leans with first liner, described second liner comprises a single plate, and to form a plurality of unit that one group of mode that is used for the resonator of acoustic energy attenuation is formed at described plate.

2. the assembly described in claim 1 is characterized in that, the unit of the unit of second liner and first liner aligns, thereby forms one group of resonator in a lateral direction.

3. the assembly described in claim 1 is characterized in that, described resonator is Helmholtz resonator or quarter-wave resonator.

4. the assembly described in claim 1 is characterized in that, the unit of each liner all is following form: first group of opening that extend on the surface of slave plate, and second group of opening extending of another surface of slave plate.

5. the assembly described in claim 4 is characterized in that, a plurality of openings in second group of opening extend to an opening part in each first group of opening.

6. the assembly described in claim 4 is characterized in that, each opening in first group of opening is all greater than each opening in second group of opening.

7. the assembly described in claim 4 is characterized in that, the surface of second liner that the surface of first liner that first group of opening therefrom passes and second group of unit therefrom pass leans.

8. the assembly described in claim 4 is characterized in that, first group of opening and second group of opening all are evenly dispersed in their plates separately.

9. the assembly described in claim 4 is characterized in that, so constitutes and arranges described number of openings and size, that is, make and adjust the main noise component of its corresponding liner with the decay acoustic energy relevant with described assembly.

10. fluid pressurized device, described fluid pressurized device comprises: the shell that defines entrance and exit; Impeller, described impeller are installed in the shell and have a plurality of flow channels that pass therethrough, and described impeller is suitable for rotation so that fluid flows, passes passage and flow to outlet so that discharge from shell from the entrance; Be arranged in the acoustic lining of all-in-one-piece, the single-piece in the shell, described liner comprises a single plate, and a plurality of unit that are formed at described plate in the mode of the resonator that forms the one group of acoustic energy that described device was produced that is used for decaying; And the acoustic lining that is arranged in auxiliary all-in-one-piece, the single-piece in the shell; Described auxiliary pad comprises a single plate, and a plurality of unit that are formed at described plate in the mode of the resonator that forms the one group of acoustic energy that described device was produced that is used for decaying.

11. the device described in claim 10 is characterized in that, described resonator is Helmholtz resonator or quarter-wave resonator.

12. the device described in claim 10 is characterized in that, described liner is arranged in the shell in the mode that leans.

13. the device described in claim 12 is characterized in that, the unit of the unit of described auxiliary pad and first liner aligns.

14. the device described in claim 10 is characterized in that, the unit of each liner all is following form: first group of opening that extend on the surface of slave plate, and second group of opening extending of another surface of slave plate.

15. the device described in claim 14 is characterized in that, a plurality of openings in second group of opening extend to an opening part in each first group of opening.

16. the device described in claim 14 is characterized in that, each opening in first group of opening is all greater than each opening in second group of opening.

17. the device described in claim 14 is characterized in that, the surface of the auxiliary pad that the surface of first liner that first group of opening therefrom passes and second group of unit therefrom pass leans.

18. the device described in claim 14 is characterized in that, first group of opening and second group of opening of each liner all are evenly dispersed in their plates separately.

19. the device described in claim 14 is characterized in that, so constitutes and arranges described number of openings and size,, makes the main noise component that it can acoustic energy attenuation that is.

20. the device described in claim 10 is characterized in that, first liner is attached on the wall that defines a part of chamber, and auxiliary pad and first liner lean.

21. the device described in claim 20, also comprise: the acoustic lining of all-in-one-piece at least, single-piece, described liner is arranged in the shell and is attached to and defines on a part of chamber and the wall with respect to the first wall extension, the liner of mentioning later comprises a single plate, and a plurality of unit that are formed at described plate in the mode of the resonator that forms the one group of acoustic energy that described device was produced that is used for decaying.

22. the device described in claim 10, it is characterized in that, described shell also comprises: with the diffuser zone that is communicated with of fluid between impeller passage and the outlet, and first liner is attached to the wall in a part of diffuser of qualification zone, and described auxiliary pad and first liner lean.

23. the device described in claim 10, also comprise the inlet duct that is used for fluid is provided to inlet that is connected with inlet, and comprise liner, described liner is attached on the inlet duct, and described liner comprises: integrally bending housing, and a plurality of unit that are formed at described housing in the mode of the resonator that forms one group of other acoustic energy that described device was produced that are used for decaying.

24. the device described in claim 23, also comprise: around the described liner that is attached to the liner extension on the inlet duct, described liner comprises: integrally bending housing, and a plurality of unit that are formed at described housing in the mode of the resonator that forms one group of other acoustic energy that described device was produced that are used for decaying.

25. a fluid pressurized device, described fluid pressurized device comprises: the shell that defines entrance and exit; Impeller, described impeller are installed in the chamber and are suitable for rotation so that fluid flows from the entrance and flow to outlet so that discharge from shell; Be connected to supply fluid to the pipeline of entrance with inlet; Invest the acoustic lining of all-in-one-piece, the single-piece on the pipeline, described liner comprises crooked housing, and a plurality of unit that are formed at described housing in the mode of the resonator that forms the one group of acoustic energy that described device was produced that is used for decaying; And with the mode that leans with first pipeline acoustic lining around auxiliary all-in-one-piece, the single-piece of first pipe extension, described auxiliary pad comprises crooked housing, and a plurality of unit that are formed at described housing in the mode of the resonator that forms the one group of acoustic energy that described device was produced that is used for decaying.

26. the device described in claim 25 is characterized in that, the unit of the unit of described auxiliary pad and first liner aligns.

27. the device described in claim 25 is characterized in that, the unit of each liner all is following form: first group of opening that extend on the surface of slave plate, and second group of opening extending of another surface of slave plate.

28. the device described in claim 27 is characterized in that, a plurality of openings in second group of opening of each liner extend to an opening part in each first group of opening.

29. the device described in claim 27 is characterized in that, each opening in first group of opening of each liner is all greater than each opening in second group of opening.

30. the device described in claim 27 is characterized in that, the surface of the auxiliary pad that the surface of first liner that first group of opening therefrom passes and second group of unit therefrom pass leans.

31. the device described in claim 27 is characterized in that, first group of opening and second group of opening of liner all are evenly dispersed in their plates separately.

32. the device described in claim 27 is characterized in that, so constitutes and arranges described number of openings and size,, but makes the main noise component of its acoustic energy attenuation that is.

33. the device described in claim 25 is characterized in that, first liner is attached on the inwall of pipeline, and second liner and first liner lean.

34. a sound attenuation method that is used for the fluid pressurized device, the impeller rotation is so that fluid flows through shell in described fluid pressurized device; Comprise the acoustic lining that is arranged in all-in-one-piece, the single-piece in the shell, described liner has a plurality of unit that form one group of resonator; Acoustic lining auxiliary all-in-one-piece, single-piece is provided, and described liner is arranged in the shell and has a plurality of unit that form one group of resonator, and resonator is adjusted to impeller blade by the reduction of frequency with the increase noise.

35. the method described in claim 34 is characterized in that, described set-up procedure comprises quantity, size and/or the volume that changes the unit.