Background technology
Linear thermoplastic polyether ester elastomer is got by dicarboxylic acids, dihydroxylic alcohols and polyalkylene ether glycols copolymerization, and its hardness range 30-75D has filled up the neutral gear between plastics and the rubber well.As a kind of engineering level elastomer, have good physics and mechanical performance, as toughness, fatigue resistance, high strength, ABRASION RESISTANCE, oil resistivity and chlorine resistance, therefore consumption constantly increases in recent years.
For a long time, people attempt polyether ester is used to produce elastomer always, because permanent deformation is too big, do not succeed.Reason has 2 points: the one, and the average degree of polymerization of the hard section of polyester is less, and crystallization is perfect inadequately, easily causes lattice to break when stretching, and produces permanent deformation; The 2nd, even stress induced crystallization non-crystallizable when static state, also can take place during stretching in soft section of forming of polyethers and dicarboxylic acids, so external force cancels back deformation and can not reply fully, causes permanent deformation.
If increase the average degree of polymerization of hard section, and the one, improve hardness, the 2nd, the polyethers of employing high molecular.After improving hardness, the combination property of elastomer is not good, and the polyethers as with high molecular makes soft section easier crystallization again, and permanent deformation increases.
Therefore there is research to adopt the copolyether of oxolane and 3-methyltetrahydrofuran, solved this contradiction well, but the not commercialization always of this copolyether.
In addition, in producing in the past, add single hindered phenol antioxygen and can satisfy most of purposes.But because the heat resistance of polyester soft segment is relatively poor, short time high temperature also can cause declining to a great extent of properties of product, therefore must take appropriate measures to improve high high-temp stability.
The present inventor in view of the above problems, find after deliberation, if in to select molecular weight for use be the PTMG dihydroxylic alcohols of 1500-4000, be used a certain amount of polyethylene glycol again, and/or ethylene oxide-capped epoxy ethane-epoxy propane copolyether is done soft section, add suitable composite antioxidant, can obtain resilience polyester ether elastic fiber preferably.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to obtain a kind of have good physics and mechanical performance by polyether ester is synthetic, as the improvement of toughness, fatigue resistance, high strength, ABRASION RESISTANCE, oil resistivity and chlorine resistance elastic polyester ether elastic fiber.
According to a first aspect of the invention, of the present inventionly improved elastic polyester ether elastic fiber, form by the spinning of polyester elastomer drawn, it is characterized in that: the polyester elastomer of this formation polyester ether elastic fiber by dicarboxylic acids, dihydroxylic alcohols, two or more the copolymerization of polyalkylene ether dihydroxylic alcohols and get.
According to a second aspect of the invention, of the present inventionly improved elastic polyester ether elastic fiber, it is characterized in that: described thermoplastic polyether ester elastomer contains hard section of the polyester that the repetition short-chain ester units that accounts for polyether ester gross weight 15-60% forms, and is preferably 20-50%; Described short-chain ester units can be represented by following general formula (I):
To be molecular weight remove remaining bilvalent radical behind the dihydroxy less than 250 dihydroxylic alcohols to D in the formula; To be molecular weight remove remaining bilvalent radical behind the dicarboxyl less than 300 dicarboxylic acids to R.
According to a third aspect of the invention we, of the present inventionly improved elastic polyester ether elastic fiber, it is characterized in that: described thermoplastic polyether ester elastomer contains soft section of the polyether ester that the repetition long-chain ester units that accounts for polyether ester gross weight 40-85% forms, and is preferably 50-80%; Described long-chain ester units can be represented by general formula (II):
R is remaining bilvalent radical after molecular weight is removed dicarboxyl less than 300 dicarboxylic acids in the formula.G is remaining bilvalent radical after the polyalkylene ether glycol is removed dihydroxy.
According to a forth aspect of the invention, of the present inventionly improved elastic polyester ether elastic fiber, it is characterized in that: described dicarboxylic acids is an aromatic binary carboxylic acid.
According to a fifth aspect of the invention, of the present inventionly improved elastic polyester ether elastic fiber, it is characterized in that: described aromatic binary carboxylic acid is terephthalic acid (TPA) and derivative thereof.
According to a sixth aspect of the invention, of the present inventionly improved elastic polyester ether elastic fiber, it is characterized in that: described terephthalic acid (TPA) and derivative thereof account for more than 95% of total carboxylic acid's content.
According to a seventh aspect of the invention, of the present inventionly improved elastic polyester ether elastic fiber, it is characterized in that: described dihydroxylic alcohols carbon number is between 2-8.
According to an eighth aspect of the invention, of the present inventionly improved elastic polyester ether elastic fiber, it is characterized in that: in the described dihydroxylic alcohols, 1,4 butanediol accounts for 95 moles of total dihydroxylic alcohols more than the %.
According to a ninth aspect of the invention, of the present inventionly improved elastic polyester ether elastic fiber, it is characterized in that: in described two or more polyalkylene ether dihydroxylic alcohols, the shared weight ratio of PTMG is 50-95%, is preferably 60-90%.
According to the tenth aspect of the invention, of the present inventionly improved elastic polyester ether elastic fiber, it is characterized in that: described PTMG molecular weight is preferably 1000-5000 between 400-6000, and optimum is 1500-4000.
According to an eleventh aspect of the invention, of the present inventionly improved elastic polyester ether elastic fiber, it is characterized in that: in described two or more polyalkylene ether dihydroxylic alcohols, the shared weight ratio of polyethylene glycol is 40-10%.
According to a twelfth aspect of the invention, of the present inventionly improved elastic polyester ether elastic fiber, it is characterized in that: 1 described molecular weight polyethylene glycol is 1000-4000.
According to a thirteenth aspect of the invention, of the present inventionly improved elastic polyester ether elastic fiber, it is characterized in that: in described two or more polyalkylene ether dihydroxylic alcohols, be 40-10% with the ethylene oxide-capped shared weight ratio of epoxy ethane-epoxy propane copolyether.
According to a fourteenth aspect of the invention, of the present inventionly improved elastic polyester ether elastic fiber, it is characterized in that: described ethylene oxide-capped epoxy ethane-epoxy propane copolyether molecular weight is 1000-4000.
According to a fifteenth aspect of the invention, of the present inventionly improved elastic polyester ether elastic fiber, it is characterized in that: the composite antioxidant that contains 0.05-2% in the right 1 described elastomer.
According to a sixteenth aspect of the invention, of the present inventionly improved elastic polyester ether elastic fiber, it is characterized in that: described composite antioxidant contains the Hinered phenols antioxidant of 25-75%.
According to a seventeenth aspect of the invention, of the present inventionly improved elastic polyester ether elastic fiber, it is characterized in that: described composite antioxidant contains the phosphite ester kind antioxidant of 25-75%.
According to an eighteenth aspect of the invention, of the present inventionly improved elastic polyester ether elastic fiber, it is characterized in that: described hindered phenol antioxygen is four [β-(3, the 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester.
According to a nineteenth aspect of the invention, of the present inventionly improved elastic polyester ether elastic fiber, it is characterized in that: described phosphite ester kind antioxidant is three (2, the 4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) phosphite ester.
The specific embodiment
Thermoplastic polyether ester elastomer of the present invention contains the hard section of polyester that the repetition short-chain ester units forms and repeats soft section of the polyether ester that long-chain ester units forms, and both connect by ester bond.
Described short-chain ester units can be represented by following general formula (I):
And described long-chain ester units can be represented by general formula (II):
Wherein:
D is remaining bilvalent radical after molecular weight is removed dihydroxy less than 250 dihydroxylic alcohols;
R is remaining bilvalent radical after molecular weight is removed dicarboxyl less than 300 dicarboxylic acids;
G is remaining bilvalent radical after the polyalkylene ether glycol is removed dihydroxy.
In this polyether ester, the hard section 15~60wt% that accounts for the polyether ester gross weight of polyester by above-mentioned general formula (I) is formed is preferably 20-50%, and all the other are made up of for soft section the long-chain polyether ester of general formula (II).If the shared ratio of the hard section of short chain polyester is below 15%, and it is very low that the fusing point of polyester elastomer and intensity can become, and has no value for use.In the present invention, if hard section weight content surpasses 50%, then the extension at break of elastomer is less than normal, and permanent deformation is bigger than normal.
The short-chain ester units of above-mentioned general formula (I) means that molecular weight is lower than the reaction product that 250 dihydroxylic alcohols and molecular weight are lower than 300 dicarboxylic acids.In the low molecular weight diol, 1, the 4-butanediol must account for more than the 95mol%, and remaining 5mol% comprises can react aliphatic, the alicyclic and aromatic dihydroxy compound that forms short-chain ester units, wherein again with C
2-C
8Dihydroxylic alcohols is good.Ethylene glycol, 1 for example, ammediol, 1,3-isobutyl glycol, 1,5-pentanediol, 2,2-dimethyl propylene glycol, 1,6-hexylene glycol, 1,4-dihydroxy cyclohexane, 1,4-cyclohexyl dimethanol, hydroquinones etc.Most preferably be C
2-C
8Dihydroxylic alcohols.
React to form the dicarboxylic acids of polyester elastomer of the present invention with above-mentioned low molecular weight diol and polyalkylene ether glycols, can be aromatic series, aliphatic or alicyclic dicarboxylic acid, also comprise the dicarboxylic acid derivatives that can form the ester chain at this dicarboxylic acids.Available aromatic compound comprises: terephthalic acid (TPA), M-phthalic acid, phthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and ester class thereof.Available non-aromatic compounds can be oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, 1,3-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, 1,4-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid etc.Terephthalic acid (TPA) or its ester class must account for more than 95% of dicarboxylic acids total mole number in the present invention.
The long-chain ester units of above-mentioned general formula (II) means that polyalkylene ether glycols and molecular weight are lower than the reaction product of 300 dicarboxylic acids.Described polyalkylene ether glycols, can select to use poly(ethylene oxide) glycol, poly-1,2 epoxy prapane glycol, gather 1,3-expoxy propane glycol, polytetrahydrofuran diol, or above-mentioned several copolymer, and polybutadiene diol, the fine glycol of polybutadiene-propylene etc.
If do soft section with the poly(ethylene oxide) glycol, elastomeric resistance to water and heat resistance are relatively poor; The degree of functionality of poly-1,2 epoxy prapane glycol is slightly less than 2, and the elastomeric mechanical property of gained is relatively poor; It is believed that and gather 1,3-expoxy propane glycol available energy better elastic body, but almost can't buy; And the degree of functionality of polybutadiene diol, the fine glycol of polybutadiene-propylene is slightly larger than 2, and is easily crosslinked during polymerization.
Therefore, the preferred PTMG of the present invention is soft section a main component.The number-average molecular weight of PTMG must be between 400~6000, if number-average molecular weight less than 400, easily forms homopolymers but not block copolymer during polymerization, make elastomeric poor flexibility, mechanical strength lower.If number-average molecular weight greater than 6000, can produce during polymerization be separated, melt is white in color, and the difficult block copolymer that generates also can cause elastomer performance not good.Therefore the molecular weight of PTMG is preferably 1000-5000, most preferably is 1500-4000.
In order to reduce soft section crystallizing power, the present invention introduces polyethylene glycol, ethylene oxide-capped expoxy propane-oxirane copolyether as the copolymerization component.
In the present invention, PTMG must account for the 50-95% of polyethers gross weight, is preferably 60-90%, and all the other are polyethylene glycol and/or ethylene oxide-capped expoxy propane-oxirane copolyether.If the polyethylene glycol proportion is too high, elastomeric water imbibition is too strong, and is unfavorable to the processing of road, back; If the copolyether ratio is too high, because of still containing a spot of end allyl in the copolyether, the elastomeric resilience of gained is relatively poor.If the ratio of PTMG surpasses 90%, and is less to the inhibitory action of soft section crystallization, influence resilience.
Polyester elastomer of the present invention can prepare with traditional ester exchange reaction.Preferable methods is that the 4-butanediol is heated to 150~270 ℃ of reactions in the presence of catalyst, will react the methyl alcohol that generates simultaneously and promptly get prepolymer with dimethyl terephthalate (DMT), PTMG and excessive 1.The gained prepolymer further distilled remove excessively 1, behind the 4-butanediol, the reaction appropriate time promptly gets polyester elastomer.
For shortening the reaction time, avoid polymer in hot environment, to overstay and thermal degradation takes place, can in reaction, add suitable catalyst,, reach alkoxide lithium, alkoxide magnesium etc. as the mixture of organic titanate, inorganic titanate, calcium acetate and antimonous oxide.
Hindered phenol antioxygen if can be in polyether ester, added, the thermal stability of product can be improved effectively.The exemplary that can be used for hindered phenol compound of the present invention is as follows:
2, the 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methy phenol
2,6-two (1-phenyl) ethyl-4-nonyl phenol
β-positive octadecanol the ester of (four-hydroxyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) propionic acid
Four [β-(3, the 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester
2,2 '-thiobis-[3-(3,5-3,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) ethyl propionate
N, N '-1,6-dihexyl two [3,5-two (1, the 1-dimethyl ethyl)-4-hydroxy benzenes propionyl]
Triethylene glycol is two-3-(3-tertiary butyl-4-hydroxy-5-aminomethyl phenyl) propionic ester
Ethylene glycol [β-(3, the 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic ester]
1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-three (3, the 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyl benzyl) benzene
For further improving elastomeric heat endurance, can and use hindered phenol antioxygen and following phosphorous acid esters auxiliary antioxidant:
Triphenyl phosphite
Three (2, the 4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) phosphite ester
Four (2,4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl-4,4 '-xenyl) biphosphonate
Three-(nonyl phenyl) phosphite esters
Distearyl pentaerythritol diphosphite
2,2 ', 2 "-nitrilo-triethyl group-three [3,3 ', 5,5 '-tetra-tert-1,1 '-diphenyl-2,2 '-dimethyl] phosphite ester
In the present invention, hindered phenol is preferably four [β-(3, the 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester, and phosphite ester is preferably three (2, the 4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) phosphite ester.The interpolation weight ratio of hindered phenol and phosphite ester is between 1-4.
The addition of composite antioxidant is 0.05-2% in the elastomer, is preferably 0.1-1.5%.If addition is less than 0.05%, DeGrain; If addition is greater than 2%, the flexibility decrease of product, cost increases.
Embodiment
Following illustrated embodiment is of the present invention specifying, and does not limit invention scope of the present invention.Each reactant of embodiment and the employed umber of additive are all parts by weight.
After the polyester elastomer spinning, stretch one times on puller system, folder is apart from 50mm, and draw speed 50mm/min kept 5 minutes, lax 3 minutes, calculates rebound degree.
Accurately take by weighing the weight of 100 meters fibers, be converted into the dawn number, be i.e. the weight of 9000 meters fibers.
Table 1
Code name | The compound title |
??A-1 | Four [β-(3, the 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester |
??P-1 | Phosphite ester is preferably three (2, the 4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) phosphite ester |
Comparative example 1:
In the 10L polymeric kettle, add 820.6 parts of dimethyl terephthalate (DMT)s, 1,571.0 parts of 4-butanediols, molecular weight are 1641.6 parts of 2000 PTMG, 2.5 parts of A-1 antioxidant, 2.5 parts of P-1 antioxidant, 4.5 parts of butyl titanates.Open to stir, the still temperature rises to 160~220 ℃ gradually, and the still temperature is set at 65 ℃, and methyl alcohol begins to distillate, and treats that the methyl alcohol quantity of distillate reaches 95% of theoretical amount, can think that ester exchange reaction finishes.The still temperature is risen to 240~280 ℃ gradually, and in 1 hour, the still internal pressure is reduced to below the 1mmHg discharging after power of agitator reaches maximum.
Embodiment 1:
1149.1 parts of PTMG that add molecular weight 2000 in the 10L polymeric kettle, molecular weight are 492.5 parts of 2000 polyethylene glycol, and all the other are with comparative example 1.
Embodiment 2:
Add 1149.1 parts of the PTMG of molecular weight 2000,492.5 parts of the ethylene oxide-capped expoxy propane of molecular weight 2000-oxirane copolyether, all the other are with comparative example 1.
Embodiment 3:
Add 1149.1 parts of the PTMG of molecular weight 2000,246.2 parts of the polyethylene glycol of molecular weight 2000,246.2 parts of the ethylene oxide-capped expoxy propane of molecular weight 2000-oxirane copolyether, all the other are with comparative example 1.
The elastic recovery rate of fiber sees Table 2.
Table 2
| Comparative example 1 | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
Fiber number (D) | ??40 | ??40 | ??40 | ??40 |
Elastic recovery rate (%) | ??78 | ??88 | ??86 | ??88 |
As seen from Table 2, adopt multiple polyether Glycols copolymerization, can improve the elastic recovery rate of fiber effectively.