CN1479819A - Thermally bonded fabrics and method of making same - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for producing a nonwoven fabric comprises passing a fiber web through a pair of rollers to obtain a thermally bonded fabric with a high percentage of bond areas. The high percentage of bond areas is formed by an engraved pattern on at least one of the rollers. The engraved pattern has a high percentage of bond point areas and wide bond point angles. The nonwoven fabric has increased tensile strength, elongation, abrasion resistance, flexural rigidity, and/or softness.

Description

The fabric of thermal and manufacture method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to the manufacture method of a kind of system from bondedfibre fabric and this kind fabric of polyolefin polymer.

Background of invention

The made fabric of fiber comprises braiding and two kinds of bondedfibre fabrics.Bondedfibre fabric be used to comprise in institute of hospital robe, the diaper and health with health and purposes medically such as rags.The program of modern existing many manufacturing convolution bondedfibre fabrics.For example, bonded fabric, can make by or one or both sides on may have burr and dimpled grain pattern and through the heating rolling wheel between the folder crack, by applying heat and pressure, make in its limited location to combine.This in conjunction with during, according to the type of the fiber that constitutes this bonded fabric, this calmodulin binding domain CaM can make habitat form, and that is to say, this fiber of weaving cotton cloth makes its fusing and is fused in this pattern location at least, perhaps can fuse by adding a bonding agent.The advantage of these convolution bondedfibre fabrics comprises the speed of low-yield cost and production.

Bonded fabric also can be made by several other methods, for example, spins lace (spunlacing) or waterpower and twines (entangling) (number the 3rd, 485 as United States Patent (USP), No. 706 and United States Patent (USP) number the 4th, 939, No. 016 disclose); By with combing and thermal staple fiber; By in a continued operation, spinning in conjunction with the continuity fiber; Or by blowing out fabric and calendering immediately or thermal became weaves cotton cloth with fiber is molten.

The various character of bonded fabric have determined the adaptability of the bondedfibre fabric of different application.Bonded fabric can be made the heterogeneity combination with suitable different needs by planning.The variable properties of bonded fabric comprises durable character and aesthetic character such as fluid preservation character such as similar wettability, diffusive and absorbability, similar tensile strength and tearing strength equal strength character, soft character, similar scuff resistance.

Polypropylene has become the main polymer of nonwoven fabric because its cost, high strength and the easy property handled.Yet polypropylene non-woven fabric does not have sense of touch like flexibility, the cotton usually.In this connection, the polyethylene nonwoven fabric has obtained concern.Polyethylene can produce soft fabric, but has quite low tensile strength and scuff resistance.

Though those similar liquids are preserved bondedfibre fabric character such as character, intensity property, soft character and durable character, usually the most important in the design of bondedfibre fabric, but the outward appearance of those bondedfibre fabrics and sense of touch form the bondedfibre fabric of the exposed parts of product to those, also are particular importances.For example, the outer covering layer of those nonwoven products, often hope can have a sense of touch and a satisfied ornamental design like the cloth.

Although this area has above-described progress, and the improvement of bondedfibre fabric and manufacture method thereof remain special needs.In special words, bondedfibre fabric needs improved strength character, percentage elongation, scuff resistance, bending rigidity and/or pliability.

Summary of the invention

The needs that embodiments of the invention can close and state by one or above character symbol of the present invention.In a feature, the present invention relates to a kind of method of bondedfibre fabric of tensile strength, percentage elongation, scuff resistance, bending rigidity and/or the pliability with increase.The method comprises makes a fiber weaving cloth by a pair of cylinder, to obtain having the box-like fabric of thermojunction of high percentage bonded area.The bonded area of this high percentage is formed by its embossment pattern above at least one cylinder.This embossment pattern has the binding site zone and/or the wide binding site angle of high percentage.

In certain embodiments, the percentage of the bonded area of this fabric is at least about about 16 percentages, at least about about 20 percentages or at least about about 24 percentages, its binding site angle be about 20 ° or above, about 35 ° above, about 37 ° or above, about 42 ° above or about 46 ° or more than.This embossment pattern has every square metre at least about 1.55 * 10 ⁵Individual binding site, every square metre are at least about 2.31 * 10 ⁵Individual binding site, every square metre are at least about 3.1 * 10 ⁵Individual binding site, every square metre are at least about 3.44 * 10 ⁵Individual binding site, every square metre are at least about 4.6 * 10 ⁵Individual binding site or every square metre are at least about 4.65 * 10 ⁵Individual binding site.Its fiber weaving cloth can contain polyethylene, and it may be the homopolymer of ethene, or the copolymer of ethene and comonomer.This polyethylene can obtain in the presence of a single site catalysts, such as: metalloscene catalyst, or a confinement geometry type catalyst.

On the other hand, the present invention relates to a kind of bondedfibre fabric made from the illustrated method of this specification.This bondedfibre fabric contains a polymer, and the characteristic with bonded area and high abrasion resistance strength of high percentage.In certain embodiments, this polymer is a polyethylene, and it can be the homopolymer of ethene, or the copolymer of ethene and comonomer.This polyethylene can obtain in the presence of a single site catalysts, such as: a metalloscene catalyst or a confinement geometry type catalyst.In other embodiments, the percentage of the bonded area of this fabric be at least about about 16 percentages, at least about about 20 percentages or at least about about 24 percentages.

The of the present invention various feature and advantage that all embodiment of the present invention are provided can be by hereinafter explanation and clearer and more definite.

Description of drawings

The 1st figure is the sketch that is used for producing the program of fabric in the embodiments of the invention;

2A figure one can illustrate the fragment front view of patterned roller of the arrangement of this binding site;

2B figure is the sketch of the patterned roller of the bondedfibre fabric produced of the program of 2A figure and 2A figure;

3A-3I figure is the used and schematic diagram in conjunction with pattern that represent with any yardstick in the embodiments of the invention;

4A-4I figure is the micro-photograph in conjunction with the pattern bondedfibre fabric that just used PE1 resin is produced among the embodiment 1 among the 3A-3I figure;

The 5th figure is that the relevant regular peak load of being produced with regard to the PE1 resin in conjunction with pattern of fabric among the 3A-3I figure is to the curve map of temperature;

The 6th figure be among the 3A-3I figure in conjunction with the curve map of the pattern relevant percentage percentage elongation of fabric that just used PEE resin is produced among the embodiment 1 to temperature;

The 7th figure is the curve map of the relevant stresses typical-strain curve of three kinds of fabrics being produced among the embodiment 1;

The 8th figure is that the relevant scuff resistance of fabric of being produced with regard to the PE1 resin in conjunction with pattern among the 3A-3I figure is to the curve map of temperature;

The 9th figure is that the relevant bending rigidity of fabric of being produced with regard to the PE1 resin in conjunction with pattern among the 3A-3I figure is to the curve map of temperature;

10A-10I figure is the scanning electron microscopy photograph of binding site under the enlargement ratio of 80X of the bondedfibre fabric of being produced with regard to the PE1 resin in conjunction with pattern among the 3A-3I figure;

11A-11C figure is the anti-micro-photograph of scanning electron of opening the tension test fracture site of the bondedfibre fabric of producing with regard to various resin in conjunction with pattern among the 3A-3I figure; And

12A-12B figure then is the micro-photograph of scanning electron of the binding site that weares and teares of the bondedfibre fabric of producing with regard to various resin in conjunction with pattern among the 3A-3I figure.

The specific embodiment

Embodiments of the invention can provide a kind of method that can produce bondedfibre fabric by thermal.This fabric has the bonded area of a high percentage, and it is to produce by making fiber weaving cloth pass through a pair of cylinder, wherein has at least a cylinder to have the embossment pattern that a binding site zone with high percentage adds wide binding site angle.

Used term " nonwoven fabric " in this specification means that certain weaves cotton cloth or fabric, but it has one by random interleaving but not as individual fibers or yarn texture in a kind of identification mode of the relevant situation of braided fabric.Used term " combination " in this specification, mean apply brute force or pressure (make be less than or equal to 50 Denier persons and separate or addition with needs or in order to draw fibers) so that fusion or softening fibre fusion together, and cause one more than or equal to 1,500 bond strength that restrains.Used term " thermal " in this specification, mean to those fibers heat again and apply brute force or pressure (with required or make in order to draw fibers be less than or equal to 50 Denier persons and separate or addition), so that fibers melt or fusion, and cause a bond strength more than or equal to 2,000 grams.Those are in a single or simultaneously operating, or bolt cylinder in office (for example, a seal wire cylinder) draws and make fibre fusion operation together, for example spin combination, are not regarded as thermal operation.

One in order to produce the relevant thermal program of bondedfibre fabric, is that explanation is in the 1st figure.Such program or its change form for example, have explanation in following United States Patent (USP) numbering: the 5th, 888,438; 5,851,935; 5,733,646; 5,654,088; 5,629,080; 5,494,736; 4,770,925; 4,635,073; 4,631,933; 4,564,553; In 4,315, No. 965, those are by reference those to be merged in this specification in full.The method of all these announcements can add and modify or without polishing being used in an embodiment of the present invention.

With reference to the 1st figure, the formation system 10 of weaving cotton cloth such as a combing system, is to be used to form a fiber weaving cloth 12 at first.This fiber such as arrow 13 indications mainly are to be aligned in the machine direction of weaving cotton cloth and forming.This weaves cotton cloth 12 is to lead through a preheating station 14.The fabric of this preheating then makes it that pressure clamp crack by opposition cylinder 20 and 22 combining stations that provided is provided.Cylinder 20 is a metallic carved cylinder, and is to be heated to a temperature greater than the fusing point of this fiber.Its supporting drum 22 (being smooth cylinder) ties up under the controlled way, is heated to the temperature of the fusing point that is lower than fiber, preferably is lower than the sticky point of this fiber.Its binding operation can at it above pre-heated surface 18, form the cohesive bond of a high percentage, and make those formed spontaneous combinations on the surface 25 of its opposition, most is the weave cotton cloth molten adhere of thickness of extend through partly only.

Illustrated patterned roller comprises the zone that some contact with a smooth cylinder tight compression, i.e. binding site among the 2A figure.Fusion can be brought out in these zones, and can set up some and stick together the zone.The yardstick that these are regional has determined the fibre number of a single point place combination and the gross area that this fabric comprises non-fiber formula integrality.It is connected to the fibre number of a binding site, can have influence on its overall strength, but also helps its global stiffness.One embossment pattern has three factors can influence total character of bondedfibre fabric.They comprise bonded area, binding site or side wall angle and show to be the binding site concentration of counting of every squaring cell area usually.

This carving pattern above cylinder produces by those binding sites.These points extend from this patterned roller, and when contacting with this smooth cylinder, can produce the zone of a combination.This binding site can produce on bondedfibre fabric usually schemes being seen pattern just like 2B.The binding site of one embossment pattern, system represents with the binding site of every quadrature usually.In an embodiment preferred, its embossment pattern is to have every square metre about 1.55 * 10 ⁵Individual binding site (every square cun of 100 binding sites), preferably every square metre about 2.31 * 10 ⁵Individual binding site (every square cun of 149 binding sites) is more preferably every square metre about 3.10 * 10 ⁵Individual binding site (every square cun of 200 binding sites), perhaps every square metre about 3.44 * 10 ⁵Individual binding site (every square cun of 222 binding sites), perhaps every square metre about 4.60 * 10 ⁵Individual binding site (every square cun of 297 binding sites), perhaps every square metre about 4.65 * 10 ⁵Individual binding site (every square cun of 300 binding sites).Every square metre of more binding site is such as 5.42 * 10 ⁵, 6.20 * 10 ⁵, 7.75 * 10 ⁵, 9.30 * 10 ⁵, or more, (every square cun, such as: 350,400,500,600 or more) also belong to feasible.

This binding site is to make by a binding site angle and bonded area.With reference to 3A-I figure, be depicted as the different binding site angles and the bonded area of various binding site patterns.Its binding site angle relates to its binding site extends part from this patterned roller angle.Its binding site angle be about 20 ° or more than, preferably about 35 ° or more than, be more preferably about 37 ° or more than, good again is about 42 ° or more than, and especially good be about 46 ° or more than.3A figure is relevant to pattern 1, and it has the bonded area, 3.44 * 10 of one 46 ° of angles, 20 percentages ⁵Pts/m ²(222pts/in ²), basic width 1.7 * 10 ^-3M (0.067 cun), base altitude 4.32 * 10 ^-4M (0.017 cun).With a width 7.62 * 10 ^-4M (0.03 cun).3B figure is relevant to pattern 2, and it has the bonded area, 3.44 * 10 of one 20 ° of angles, 16 percentages ⁵Pts/m ²(222pts/in ²), basic width 1.7 * 10 ^-3M (0.067 cun), base altitude 4.32 * 10 ^-4M (0.017 cun) and some width 6.86 * 10 ^-4M (0.027 cun).3C figure is about in conjunction with pattern 3, and it has the bonded area, 3.44 * 10 of one 20 ° of angles, 24 percentages ⁵Pts/m ²(222pts/in ²), basic width 1.7 * 10 ^-3M (0.067 cun), base altitude 4.32 * 10 ^-4M (0.017 cun) and some width 8.38 * 10.4m (0.033 cun).3D figure is about in conjunction with pattern 4, and it has the bonded area, 2.31 * 10 of one 20 ° of angles, 20 percentages ⁵Pts/m ²(149pts/in ²), basic width 1.7 * 10 ^-3M (0.067 cun), base altitude 4.32 * 10 ^-4M (0.017 cun) and some width 9.30 * 10 ^-4M (0.0366 cun).3E figure is about in conjunction with pattern 5, and it has the calmodulin binding domain CaM, 4.60 * 10 of one 20 ° of angles, 20 percentages ⁵Pts/m ²(297pts/in ²), basic width 1.7 * 10 ^-3M (0.067 cun), base altitude 4.32 * 10 ^-4M (0.017 cun) and some width 6.60 * 10 ^-4M (0.026 cun).3F figure is about in conjunction with pattern 6, and it has one 42 ° of angles, the bonded area of 16 percentages, 3.44 * 10pts/m ²(222pts/in ²), basic width 1.7 * 10 ^-3M (0.067 cun), base altitude 4.32 * 10 ^-4M (0.017 cun) and some width 6.86 * 10 ^-4M (0.027 cun).3G figure is about in conjunction with pattern 7, and it has the bonded area, 3.44 * 10 of one 37 ° of angles, 24 percentages ⁵Pts/m ²(222pts/in ²), basic width 1.7 * 10 ^-3M (0.067 cun), base altitude 4.32 * 10 ^-4M (0.017 cun) and some width 8.38 * 10 ^-4M (0.033 cun).3H figure is about in conjunction with pattern 8, and it has one 46 ° of angles, 20 percentage bonded areas, 2.31 * 10 ⁵Pts/m ²(149pts/in ²), basic width 1.7 * 10 ^-3M (0.067 cun), base altitude 4.32 * 10 ^-4M (0.017 cun) and some width 9.3 * 10 ^-4M (0.0366 cun).3I figure is about in conjunction with pattern 9, and it has the bonded area, 4.60 * 10 of one 35 ° of angles, 20 percentages ⁵Pts/m ²(297pts/in ²), basic width 1.7 * 10 ^-3M (0.067 cun), base altitude 4.32 * 10 ^-4M (0.017 cun) and some width 6.60 * 10 ^-4M (0.026 cun).

Those calmodulin binding domain CaMs and calmodulin binding domain CaM not will constitute above-mentioned bondedfibre fabric.Those calmodulin binding domain CaMs can be defined as the percentage of above-mentioned bondedfibre fabric for the surface area that combination covered that this calmodulin binding domain CaM produced.Bonded area in the embodiments of the invention, at least 16 percentages preferably, at least 20 percentages more preferably, and especially good be at least 24 percentages, 30 percentages, 35 percentages, 40 percentages, 45 percentages, 50 percentages or more than. The manufacturing of fiber and bondedfibre fabric

The formation system of weaving cotton cloth generally includes some can be comprised dry twisting, wet doubling and polymer sth. made by twisting or any other program supervisor by thermal in order to produce those with the fiber that forms fabric.In certain embodiments, this fiber is by spinning in conjunction with, molten blow or the staple supervisor of carding produces.This program system is discussed in following United States Patent (USP) and numbers the 3rd, 338,992; 3,341,394; 3,276,944; 3,502,538; 3,978,185; With 4,644, in No. 045, those are by with reference to being merged in this specification in full.Usually, this spins in conjunction with handling system and uses high power vacuum chamber to increase the speed of fiber, uses the diameter that reduces fiber, and produces a continuity fiber.Should molten fetch preface be to be blown into air from top to bottom, and use surface force that this fiber is towed to higher speed, to produce the noncontinuity fiber of extremely low Denier.

Those traditional types spin in conjunction with program, are that explanation numbers the 3rd, 825 at United States Patent (USP), and 379; 4,813,864:4,405,297; 4,208,366; With 4,334, in No. 340, those all are by with reference to being merged in this specification.This spins in conjunction with program, is well-known in the fabric production technology.Usually, those continuity fibers system makes and extrudes, and is placed on above the endless belt, and then makes each other and combine, and often sometimes be to make to the one similar one molten second layer that blows layer etc., and it often is by a hot calender cylinder, or doses a binder.One spins the general survey of combination, can be obtained from the Tennessee State, the Knoxville city, the The Textiles andNonwovens Development Center (hereinafter being called " TANPEC ") (textiles and nonwoven fabric development centre) of Tennessee State university support the bondedfibre fabric of L.c.Wadsworth and B.C.Goswami in the 8th annual nonwoven fabric seminar journal in July 30 nineteen ninety to August 3: " Spunbonded andMelt Blown Processs " (spinning combination and molten fetch preface).

Term " melts and blows " in this bright book in order to the some fibre of touching upon, those are to make a molten thermoplastic polymers composition on forming, the extruded very thin screw die capillaries that are generally circle of majority of crossing, and with the yarn or the filament of some fusions, make and (for example enter a high velocity air of restraining, air), its function can make this yarn or filament subtract carefully to the diameter that dwindles.After this, these filaments or yarn are to be sent by this high velocity air band, and are deposited on one and collect above the surface, intersperse at random and average diameter weaving cotton cloth less than 10 microns melt blown fiber usually to form one.

It is in order to the some fibre of touching upon that term " spins combination " in this bright book, those make a molten thermoplastic polymers composition on forming, extruded mistake has the most very thin of spinneret that the diameter that is extruded filament sharply dwindles then and is generally circular screw die capillary, and make these filaments be deposited on one thereafter to collect above the surface, with form one intersperse at random and average diameter usually about 7 and about 30 microns between the weaving cotton cloth of melt blown fiber.

Those nonwoven fabric can produce by many methods.Most method comprises identical base program substantially: (1) material is selected; (2) formation of weaving cotton cloth; (3) fabric is fixed; (4) weave cotton cloth and finish.Material is selected the character that is fit to its application can be provided.This is weaved cotton cloth is that fiber by selected material forms.This is weaved cotton cloth then can be in conjunction with to form fabric, and this fabric can be handled, and can and fold the final product of usefulness for cutting to produce.

The diameter of fiber can have influence on its fabric and comprise character such as intensity and bending rigidity.The diameter of those fibers can measured and record in multiple mode.Usually, measurement is done with the Denier of every long filament by fibre diameter system.Denier is a weaving term, and it is the fiber gram number that is defined as per 9000 meters fibre length.Monofilament is usually directed to one and has the extrude twisted wire of every monofilament greater than 15 Denier, and system is greater than 30 usually.Thin Denier fiber is usually directed to one and has about 15 or following fiber.Little Denier (that is, microfiber) is touched upon usually and one is had and be not more than 100 microns fiber.With regard to the disclosed fiber of this specification, its diameter can have variation widely, and little to fiber elastic impact.Yet its fiber Denier can adjust, and to be fit to the ability to accept that it handles finished product etc., perhaps preferably: every long filament is from about 0.5 to about 30 Denier with regard to molten blowing; With regard to spin in conjunction with regard to every long filament from about 1 to about 30 Denier; With the every long filament of continuous reeling filament from about 1 to about 20,000 Denier.

The Denier of fibre diameter can be converted into rice according to following equation:

Other last fibre property that can have influence on fabric comprises: fiber alignment, crystallinity, diameter and cooldown rate.Its bond strength is a limiting factor of bondedfibre fabric intensity.Lower fiber alignment, tolerable have bigger fusion amount during combination, and cause stronger calmodulin binding domain CaM.In addition, draw a large amount orientation that a polymer is caused, will during thermal, cause the contraction of a large amount, and make its disposal ability have any problem.

The crystalline portion of one fiber is a particular importance to the thermal program due to the fusion that is taken place.Its fusion and the degree that flows are to impact its bond strength significantly.Its at first fusion of more unsettled crystalline solid; If this polymer of enough heat transferred is arranged, then just can be stable or oriented crystalline solid.Between this short-term to the heat transmission of its calmodulin binding domain CaM, with only some crystalline solid can fusion.

Weaving cotton cloth after loosely has formed, this other fiber needs combined together.The fixed strength and stiffness that provide of fabric are to this fabric.Those fixed modes of weaving cotton cloth comprise: mechanical type, chemical formula and thermojunction are box-like.Mechanical type is fixed to be to finish by twining fiber at each some place of weaving cotton cloth, and comprises stylus printer, stitch bonding, spins lace or any other mechanical fixed program.Chemical formula relates to the spraying of binders such as a similar latex or soaks in conjunction with system weaves cotton cloth.The thermal of weaving cotton cloth is common combination technology, comprises a calendering, ultrasonic and radiant heat combination.In certain embodiments, use point to roll combination, the some calendering makes the hot cylinder of weaving cotton cloth and closely contacting by two in conjunction with comprising.One of them cylinder is to do positive sample embossment, and another cylinder then is a smooth cylinder.This fiber makes fusion and flows to the top of one another.When cooling, its fabric is just calculated formation.

When the fabric of a fiber was drawn in calender, the heating power program of many different scales will take place.These programs comprise: conduction-type heat is transmitted; Thermal deformation; Flowing of molten polymer; Diffusion; With carat amber dragon effect.

Conduction-type heat is transmitted system's transmission and is crossed steel cylinder, fabric interface.The heat that transmitted of conduction and the temperature of steel cylinder are directly proportional and weave cotton cloth and expend in conjunction with the time quantum under the pin mark (drum speed).And, add to the heat of its distortion of heat of its system.Because the high pressure between this steel cylinder, this is weaved cotton cloth and will promptly form a different shape by the utmost point, and finishes mechanical power above the system at this.This mechanical power will be transformed into heat.The heat of this two form, the temperature of weaving cotton cloth between this cylinder of will raising, and at it in conjunction with the highest under the pin mark.Suppose that the equation system that all mechanical powers all translate into heat derives from:

[F(s)ds]α＝VρC _PΔT+fΔH _fXρV

Wherein, F (s) ds is the strength that is applied in a distance, d s above weaving cotton cloth.α is the mechanical power component that converts heat to, and V is the capacity of weaving cotton cloth, and X is its crystallinity, and f binds the component of crystal fusion.First of its right side is it in order to increasing heat of temperature, with and second be the heat of its molten polymer crystalline solid of narration.

When its temperature reached to its fusing point, this was in conjunction with the high pressure under the pin mark, will make this molten mass, outwards flow to the zone of a lower pressure.And when molten condition, this polymer will the oneself spread.When leaving this calendering cylinder, this molten mass will solidify, and will mechanically make this fiber lock fix on its binding site place.This two phenomenon can make several fibers fuse together at a binding site place, and this can be weaved cotton cloth and be transformed into a fabric.Those polymer relevant scattering and permeating distance during in conjunction with program is almost can be left in the basket.Its seepage distance system derives from:

R＝[t(2×D)] ^

Wherein, R is a seepage distance, and t is the time, and D is its self-diffusion coefficient.Usually, most polymer is 10 for having a size ^-15Diffusion coefficient, and at this in conjunction with expending 10 to 40 milliseconds under the pin mark.Use these approximate numbers, it can calculate its seepage distance system only between 45 and 100 .Consider most fiber that is used for thermal, its diameter is approximately 20 microns, and this fiber only spreads 0.00000225 percentage of those overall diameters.So its polymer melt around the mechanical interlocking of fiber, might be to keep this fiber domination strength together at its binding site place in calmodulin binding domain CaM.

This will cause being known as in addition the increase in carat melt temperature of amber dragon effect in conjunction with the pressure that pin mark increases down.What pressure effect made the polypropylene fusing point increases to 38K/kbar or 0.38 ℃/Mpa.Use the typical pressure under the binding site, polyacrylic fusing point will increase about 10 ℃.Poly melt temperature in conjunction with under the pressure, will increase about 5 ℃ typically.

Above-mentioned several factors in conjunction with the hot calender program will have influence on those last fibre properties, comprising temperature, pressure, speed, diameter of cylinder and embossment pattern.The selection of temperature mainly is the function of its material, but reason it should be noted that it is passed to the gross energy of weaving cotton cloth, and is a function of temperature, pressure, diameter of cylinder and linear velocity.If it is low that its temperature was selected, then this weave cotton cloth will be in conjunction with deficiency, so the intensity of its fabric will be very weak.If this bowl temperature is too high, then this weave cotton cloth will be in conjunction with excessively, so the fabric that it became will be too hard, perhaps this fusion fully of weaving cotton cloth, and be adhered to this cylinder.

Its effect that is applied to the pressure of fabric is very little, but can not be left in the basket.Under low-pressure, weave cotton cloth in conjunction with very poor, thereby its intensity is very poor.When pressure increased, the intensity of this fabric was the function in conjunction with temperature and pressure.Under high pressure,, and then can begin to reduce along with the increase of pressure though fabric intensity can reach a maximum.Be lower than this pressure, its intensity will continue upwards to increase, and the fusing point of this polymer that arrives.

This will have influence on heat and be passed to the total time of weaving cotton cloth in conjunction with the speed and the diameter of cylinder.Bigger in conjunction with diameter of cylinder, tolerable more closely contacts this hot cylinder than those than doffer.Therefore, it will have more heat and be passed to and weave cotton cloth.In identical mode, the cylinder of slow rotation, the cylinder with faster rotating has less contact time.

One fabric expends the time quantum in this folder crack (closely contact area), can be expressed as:

t＝AC ₀ ^1/2R ^1/2V ¹

The t=time

R=is in conjunction with cylinder 7 radiuses

V=is in conjunction with the speed of cylinder $A=\sqrt{\frac{C_O-C_n}{C_o}}$ $+\sqrt{\frac{C_R-C_n}{C_o}}$

Wherein, C _oBe original fabric thickness, C _NBe this in conjunction with the thickness between cylinder, and C _RFor this in conjunction with cylinder in the compression after thickness.

The profile of this fiber is also unrestricted, and can be any suitable profile.For example, typical fiber cording has a circular cross section, but sometimes those fiber cordings have different profiles, such as, the profile of a trilobal.Or one smooth (that is, " band " shape) profile.

After this is deviate from conjunction with pin mark, cooling will take place and solidify in this calmodulin binding domain CaM at the box-like fabric of thermojunction.This fabric reaches the more clearly quenching velocity of this calmodulin binding domain CaM, may impact its last textile properties.

Those important textile properties comprise: intensity, percentage elongation, peak load, scuff resistance and bending rigidity.The intensity of bondedfibre fabric or toughness and percentage elongation, to production routine and consumer are all very important thereafter, a fabric has heal big intensity and elasticity, and it just can heal fast and other material is combined into last consumer products.Another character of bondedfibre fabric is its wear-resistant ability.When a rough surface was applied to bondedfibre fabric, those fibers will be drawn out from this surface, and made this form fine, soft fur or ball top above surface.In this connection, high abrasion resistance strength is favourable with regard to bondedfibre fabric.Human dress and another critical nature of the material of exchange premium skin is its hardness.This character can or touch assessment by bending rigidity and do measurement. Fiber forming polymer

Any fiber forming polymer, particularly those can do the fiber forming polymer of thermal, can be used to embodiments of the invention.For example, those suitable polymer comprise, but unrestricted meaning, α-polyolefin homopolymer and interpretation, those comprise polypropylene, propylene/C ₄-C ₂₀α-polyolefin copolymer, polyethylene and ethene/C ₃-C ₂₀α-polyolefin copolymer, this interpretation can be heterogeneity ethylene/alpha-polyolefin interpretation, or is homogeneous ethylene/alpha-polyolefin interpretation, those comprise linear ethylene/α-polyolefin interpretation substantially.Included aliphatic alpha-polyolefin the interpretation that still has those to have 12 to 20 carbon atoms and comprise dipole group.Those can with the suitable aliphatic alpha-polyolefin monomer in the dipole group importing polymer for example comprise the unsaturated cyanide of vinyl of similar acrylic acid cyanide, methacrylate cyanide, ethylacrylic acid cyanide or the like; Unsaturated no hyrate such as similar maleic anhydride; The vinyl unsaturated amine of similar acrylamide, MAAm or the like; The vinyl unsaturated carboxylic acid of similar acrylic acid, methacrylate or the like (single and difunctionality base); The ester class of the vinyl unsaturated carboxylic acid of similar methylmethacrylate, ethyl acrylate, hydroxyethylmethacry,ate, n-butylacrylic acid ester or methacrylate, 2-ethyl-ethylhexyl acrylate or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or the like (particularly more rudimentary, C for example ₁-C ₆, Arrcostab); The vinyl unsaturated dicarboxylic imines of similar N-alkyl or N-aromatic radical maleimide, similar N-phenylmaleimide or the like.The monomer that these comprise dipole group is preferably acrylic acid, vinylacetate, vinyl acetate, maleic anhydride and acrylic acid cyanide.This comes from the halogen group that aliphatic alpha-polyolefin polymer of monomers can comprise, and comprises fluorine, chlorine and bromine; These polymer are preferably the polyethylene (CPE) of some chlorinations.Polymer such as those similar polyester and nylon also can be used.

The difference part of those heterogeneity interpretations and homogeneous interpretation is, all substantially interpretation molecule among the latter, in its interpretation, have identical ethene/comonomer ratio, and being those interpretation molecules, the heterogeneity interpretation do not have identical ethene/comonomer ratio person.Term " broad composition distribution ", be in order to the relevant comonomer distribution of explanation heterogeneity interpretation in this specification, mean those heterogeneity interpretations and have one " linearity " component, and this heterogeneity interpretation has the multiple melting peaks value that records by DSC (that is, present at least two different fusion peak values).This heterogeneity interpretation, about 10 percentages (weight ratio) or above in, best is greater than in 15 percentages (weight ratio), is more preferably greater than in 20 percentages (weight ratio), has a Zhi Jiandu who is less than or equal to 2 methyl/1000 carbon.This heterogeneity interpretation, about 25 percentages (weight ratio) or following in, best is less than in 15 percentages (weight ratio), is more preferably less than in 10 percentages (weight ratio), has a Zhi Jiandu who is equal to or greater than 25 methyl/1000 carbon.

Its heterogeneity polymer composition can be preferably a polyethylene or a polyacrylic α-polyolefin homopolymer, perhaps is more preferably one and has at least one C ₃-C ₂₀α-polyolefin and/or C ₄-C ₁₈The ethene interpretation of diene.The heterogeneity copolymer of ethene and propylene, 1-butylene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl isophthalic acid amylene and 1-octene is good especially.

Linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) is produced in a solution or a liquid bed program.Its polymerization belongs to catalytic reaction.Metallocene and single position metallocene catalyst systems are used to produce LLDPE always.The polymer that it became has one and is linear skeleton basically on characteristic.The horizontal control of density of the comonomer by being merged into other linear polymer skeletons.Various α-polyolefin, typically with ethylene copolymerization to produce LLDPE.α-polyolefin that this preferably has four to eight carbon atoms, the amount in this polymer of being present in is up to about 10 percentage by weights.Its most typical comonomer is butylene, hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene and octene.This comonomer will have influence on the density of its polymer.The relevant density range of LLDPE is quite broad, typically is from 0.87-0.95g/cc (ASTM D-792).

The linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) melt index also is controlled by the importing of chain terminating agents such as a similar hydrogen or a hydrogen donator.One linear low density polyethylene is relevant, and (well-known in the past is " condition E " and the also well-known " I of being according to 190 ℃/2.16kg of ASTM D-1238 condition ₂") melt index that records, scope can be broad from about 0.1 to about 150g/10min.With regard to order of the present invention ground, the melt index that this LLDPE has should be greater than 10 with regard to the filament that spins combination, and are well 15 or bigger.Good especially LLDPE polymer, cording have one 0.90 to 0.945g/cc density and one greater than 25 melt index.

The commercial embodiment that has suitable linear, low density polyethylene polymerization thing now comprises: the linear, low density polyethylene polymerization thing that Dow Chemical company is sold, and such as ASPUN ^TMThe fibre resin of series, Dow LLDPE 2500 (55 MI, 0.923 density), the EXACT that Dow LLDPE type 6808A (36 M1,0.940 density) and Exxon chemical company are sold ^TMThe low density polyethylene polymer of series is such as EXACT ^TM2003 (31 M1, density 0.921).

This homogeneous polymer composition can be preferably a polyethylene or a polyacrylic α-polyolefin homopolymer, perhaps is more preferably one and has at least one C ₃-C ₂₀α-polyolefin and/or C ₄-C ₁₈The ethene interpretation of diene.The homogeneous copolymerization system of ethene and propylene, 1-butylene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl isophthalic acid amylene and 1-octene is good especially.

Introducing in the recent period ethylene/alpha-polyolefin polymerization turns into required metallocenyl catalyst and has caused new ethene interpretation, the known generation that is called the homogeneous interpretation.

This can have some homogeneous in order to the homogeneous interpretation that forms fiber illustrated in this specification and prop up the key distribution.That is this polymer system comonomer wherein is distributed in the given interpretation molecule randomly has identical ethene/comonomer ratio person with wherein all substantially interpretation molecules in this interpretation.The isomorphism type of this polymer, be to be illustrated on the typical case, and be defined as this and have the percentage by weight of polymer molecule of comonomer content in the total mole of the intermediate value of 50 percentages comonomer content by SCBDI (short chain branch profile exponent) or CDB1 (composition distribution branch index).The CPBI of one polymer can be from the data of this skill known technology gained and calculate easily, for example, just as people such as Wild, at PolymerScience, Poly.Phys.Ed., the 20th rolls up in the 441st page (1982), numbers the 4th, 798 at United States Patent (USP), illustrated in No. 081, or as USP 5,008, illustrated temperature of lifting to example rises and washes out fractionating process (this specification will be abbreviated as " TREF ") in 204, those disclosure are to be merged in this specification by reference.The technology that it calculates CDBI, be explanation at USP5, in 322,728, and at USP 5,246, in 783, or number the 5th, 089 at United States Patent (USP), in No. 321, the disclosure that those are all is by with reference to being merged in this specification.The SCBDI or the CDB1 of used relevant homogeneous interpretation preferably are greater than about 30 percentages, particularly greater than about 50 percentages, 70 percentages or 90 percentages among the present invention.

Used homogeneous interpretation among the present invention, basically be lack one as the TREF technology record measure " high density " component (that is, this homogeneous ethylene/alpha-polyolefin interpretation does not comprise one and has the polymer component that degree of branching is less than or equal to 2 methyl/1000 carbon atoms).This homogeneous interpretation does not also comprise the short chain component component (that is those do not comprise and have the polymer component that degree of branching is equal to or greater than 30 methyl/1000 carbon atoms) of any height.

This is linear ethylene/alpha-polyolefin polymer and interpretation substantially, it also is the homogeneous interpretation, but be further to number the 5th in this manual as United States Patent (USP), 272, No. 236 and United States Patent (USP) number the 5th, define in 272, No. 872, its full content is to be merged in this specification by reference.Yet, these polymer system uniquenesses, it is owing to those excellent handlabilities and particular rheological properties matter and high fusion elasticity with to the anti-patience of melt fracture.These polymer can use the metallocene catalyst systems of this qualification geometry, successfully are produced in a continuous polymerization program.

Ethylene/alpha-polyolefin the interpretation of term " be substantially linear " mean its polymer backbone by about 0.01 long chain branches/1000 carbon atoms to about 3 long chain branches/1000 carbon atoms, preferably from about 0.01 long chain branches/1000 carbon atoms to about 1 chain component/1000 carbon atoms and particularly replace from about 0.05 long chain branches/1000 carbon atoms to about 1 long chain branches/1000 carbon atoms.

It is many at least carbon atoms that the interior total carbon atom of this comonomer subtracts two carbon atoms that long chain branches is defined as a chain length in this manual, for example, one is the long chain branches of the ethene interpretation of linear ethylene/octene substantially, be at least seven (7) carbon atoms long (that is 8 carbon atoms deduct 2 and equal 6 carbon atoms and add that equals seven carbon atom long chain branches length).This long chain branches can grow to length, and approximately the length with the skeleton of its polymer is identical.Long chain branches system uses 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscope to be determined, and is to use blue Dare method to come quantitatively (Macromol.Chem.Phys., C29 (2﹠amp; 3), the 285-297 page or leaf), those disclosure are to be merged in this specification by reference.Certainly, long chain branches will be distinguished mutually with short chain branch, and the latter forms because of merging comonomer individually, a so that short chain branch that is linear ethylene/octene polymer substantially for example, be that six carbon atom is long, and the long chain branches of its identical polymer is that at least seven carbon atoms are long.

The polymer that other is suitable is disclosed in the following United States Patent (USP) numbering: 6,316,549; 6,281,289; 6,248,851; 6,194,532; 6,190,768; 6,140,442; 6,037,048; 5,603,888; 5,185,199 and 5,133,917, all that is by reference those to be merged in this specification in full.

The poly embodiment of commercial fibre forming comprises: ASPUN ^TM6806A (melt index: 105.0g/10min; Density: 0.930g/cc), ASPUN ^TM6842A (melt index: 30.0g/10min; Density: 0.955g/cc), ASPUN ^TM6811A (melt index: 27.0g/10min; Density: 0.941g/cc), ASPUN ^TM6830A (melt index: 18.0g/10min; Density: 0.930g/cc), ASPUN ^TM6831A (melt index: 150.0g/10min; Density: 0.930g/cc), and ASPUN ^TM8635A (melt index: 17.0g/10min; Density: 0.950g/cc), all are that Dow Chemical company by the available city sells.These linear low density polyethylene can be linear ethene polymers substantially with a homogeneous and mix mutually, the AFFINITY that is sold such as Dow Chemical company ^TMResin.

The polyacrylic embodiment of commercial fibre forming comprises: naming is co-polypropylene (the melt-flow rate: 1.4g/10min of 5A10; Flexural modulus: 1585MPa (230,000psi)); 5A28 (melt-flow rate: 3.0g/10min; Flexural modulus: 1585MPa (230,000psi)); 5A66V (melt-flow rate: 4.6g/10min; Flexural modulus: 1654MPa (240,000psi)); 5E17V (melt-flow rate: 20.0g/10min; Flexural modulus: 1344MPa (195,000psi)); SE40 (melt-flow rate: 9.6g/10min; Flexural modulus: 1378MPa (200,000psi)); NRD5-1258 (melt-flow rate: 100.0g/10min; Flexural modulus: 1318MPa (191,300psi)); NRD5-1465 (melt-flow rate: 20.0g/10min; Flexural modulus: 1344MPa (195,500psi)); NRD5-1502 (melt-flow rate: 1.6g/10min; Flexural modulus: 1347MPa (195,500psi)); NRD5-1569 (melt-flow rate: 4.2g/10min; Flexural modulus: 1378MPa (200,000psi)); NRDS-1602 (melt-flow rate: 40.0g/10min; Flexural modulus: 1172MPa (170,000psi)); SRD5-1572 (melt-flow rate: 38.0g/10min; Flexural modulus: 1298MPa (188,400psi)); SRD5-1258 (the melt-flow rate: 25.0g/JOmin), and INSPIRE ^TMResin (melt-flow rate scope from 1.8 to about 25g/10min), all are to sell by Dow Chemical company.Its melt-flow rate system according to ASTMD1238 (230 ℃/2.16kg) measured, with and flexural modulus system measured according to ASTMD 790A.Ought to be appreciated that those came from the resin of other company, such as Exxon, Bassel, Mitsui, or the like, also can be used.

Those similar antioxidants (for example, 1RGANOX of being supplied of similar Ciba Geigy ^TM1010 or 1RGANOX ^TM1076 obstruction formula phenoplasts), phosphite (for example, the 1RGAFOS that also CibaGeigy supplied ^TM168), the adhesion additive (for example, PIB), the additive of pigment, colouring agent, filler or the like, also can be comprised in the disclosed fibrous material of this specification.

In like manner, the disclosed polymer of this specification, but other polymer of fusion to modify those elastic-likes, easy characteristics such as the property handled, intensity, thermal or adhesive force, make these modify the unlikely scope that poorly has influence on its desirable character.

Some can comprise in order to the useful materials of modifying this polymer, other is linear ethene polymers substantially and adds other polyolefin, such as high pressure low density Alathon (LDPE), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), ethene-carboxylate copolymer, ethylene acrylate copolymer, polybutene (PB), comprise high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), medium density polyethylene, polypropylene, the ethylene-propylene interpretation, ultra-low density polyethylene (ULDPE), add that some relate to anhydride and/or diene or the act of those mixtures ethylene/alpha-polyolefin polymer into the transplanting modified polymer of example.

There is other polymer that is suitable for modified polymer to comprise some known synthetic and natural elastomer and rubber that represent different DE again.AB and ABA block or transplanting condensate are (wherein, A is a similar thermoplastic end block of a styrene halfbody for example, and B is one derived from the elasticity intermediate mass of conjugated diene or low alkene for example), chlorination elastomer and rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer (EDPM) rubber, ethylene propylene rubber or the like and composition thereof, be that some known skill formula elastomeric materials of depositing earlier are contemplated to and are applicable to the embodiment that modifies the disclosed elastomeric material of this specification.

But low melting polymers such as polypropylene fusion one similar polyethylene are to increase the intensity of its calmodulin binding domain CaM.In identical mode, but LLDPE fusion one low melt/low density polyethylene (LDPE), to produce identical result.

It has influence in order to the original chemical structure of the polymer of generation nonwoven fabric to textile properties.The chemical constitution of one polymer will impact density/crystallinity, speed and the molecular weight distribution of this polymer.And, dose two or more polymer to make a mixture, will significantly impact the character of this nonwoven.Fabric intensity can increase along with the increase of molecular weight distribution.Increase among the MWD will reduce the directionality of fiber in its spinning process, and cause bigger fusion during rolling.

This has its effectiveness according to the bondedfibre fabric of embodiments of the invention in multiple application.Those suitable application include but not limited to, disposable personal hygiene article (for example, the child uses pants, diaper, the water imbibition underwear, incontinence product, feminine hygiene products, or the like), disposable coat (industrial clothes for example,, Work Clothes, head-shield, underwear, trousers, shirt, gloves, socks, or the like), with infectious disease control/indoor cleaning product (for example, surgical gowns and window curtain, face shield, head, surgery cap and scarf, footwear, the boots slippers, in wound is applied, bandage, the sterilization parcel, rain brush, the laboratory overcoat, Work Clothes, trousers, apron, jacket, the bed clothes product, and sheet).This bondedfibre fabric also can be in following all United States Patent (USP)s be used in the mode of institute's disclosure: 6,316,687; 6,314,959; 6,309,736; 6,286,145; 6,281,289; 6,280,573; 6,248,851; 6,238,767; 6,197,322; 6,194,532; 6,194,517; 6,176,952; 6,146,568; 6,140,442; 6,093,665; 6,028,016; 5,919,177; 5,912,194; 5,900,306; 5,830,810; With 5,798,167, those full contents are merged in this specification by reference.Embodiment

The following example is for some embodiment of the present invention is described.Itself and unrestricted the present invention, unless otherwise indicated with the claim of this specification outside.All numerals among all embodiment are about value.In following all embodiment, various bondedfibre fabrics is qualitative for it with many methods.The performance data of these fabrics also can be obtained.Most method or test, the just like non-limiting examples of suitable STM standard of foundation on carrying out, or known program.The preparation of polymeric blends

The two screw extruders of one HAAKE are used to produce polymeric blends.This extruder has following all characteristics:

● 6 have temperature respectively is 110 ℃, 120 ℃, 130 ℃, 135 ℃, 135 ℃, 135 ℃ the thermal treatment zone.

● the screw of two 19mm diameters.

●??L/D＝30

● melt temperature=146 ℃

● screw die pressure=2.64 * 10 ⁶Pa (383psi)

● moment of torsion=3.44 * 10 ⁷Pa (5000psi)

● the preparation of speed=200rpm polymer fiber

Fiber system uses one 1 cun diameters and feeding is given the extruder of a gear pump, produces by pushing this polymer.This gear pump can push away material the spinning bag that includes one 40 microns (average pore size) sintering flat metal filters and one 108 hole spinnerets through.These spinneret holes have face district (land) length (that is, length/diameter or L/D) of one 400 microns a diameter and a 4/l.This gear pump makes the extruded polymer of nearly 0.3 gram of per minute each hole through this spinneret in operation.The melt temperature of this polymer changes according to the molecular weight of the polymer that is just being spun.Usually its molecular weight is higher, and its melt temperature is just higher.The quenching air (cools off in order to the fiber that the help fusion is spun into a little more than room temperature (about 24 ℃).This quenching air just is positioned at the below of its spinneret, and can be with the above-mentioned filamental thread that is extruded of blows air over.This quenching speed air flow, being low to moderate is enough to only can be contacted by feel in the zone of fiber below weaving loom.This fiber system is collected in those diameters and is approximately above the seal wire cylinder of 0.152m (6 cun).The speed system of this seal wire cylinder can adjust, but with regard to the experiment that this specification is demonstrated, the speed of this seal wire cylinder is about 1500 rev/mins.This seal wire cylinder is positioned at this about 3 meters, spinneret screw die below.After being right after this fabrication processes, all fibres will be cut into the long fiber of 0.0381m (1.5 cun).The preparation of non-woven fabrics fabric

The bondedfibre fabric sample is according to the illustrated program of this specification, one be equipped with one the sclerosis, evanohm embossment steel cylinder the laboratory calender above produce.One embossment pattern system comprises the total binding area of one 20 percentages and every square metre 3.44 * 10 ⁵Individual binding site (every square cun of 222 binding sites).The signal demonstration of 3A-3I figure system is various to add employed yardstick in the embodiments of the invention in conjunction with pattern.

With regard to each style design, follow following program.All fibres is 3 Denier.This fiber then will be presented in the carding machine.This fiber will be drawn in RotorRing by vacuum, and transmits through a series of eedles.This fiber then can fitly be arranged, for the further combing of a supercentrifuge.This program will repeat again and again with regard to each sample.Secondly, it is that 10cm takes advantage of above the steel disk of 40cm that this fiber just can be evenly distributed in a yardstick, and papery feeding card will surround the front end of this fiber weaving cloth.This can produce one and have basis weight 33g/m ²Or 1oz/yd ²Fabric.This fiber weaving cloth system is placed between this hot calender cylinder that moves, and weaving cotton cloth is combined into bondedfibre fabric at this.It is initial to be as follows in conjunction with the cylinder condition:

● top (embossment) bowl temperature-from about 110 ℃ (230 °F) to about 121.1 ℃ (250 °F)

● bottom (smooth) rolling temperature-from about 110 ℃ (230 °F) to about 121.1 ℃ (250 °F)

● hydraulic pressure-from about 4.82 * 10 ⁶Pa (700psi) is to about 1.03 * 10 ⁷Pa (1500psi)

● drum speed/dial sets=from about 3 to about 5m/min.Testing method

The fabric of above-mentioned generation, major part comprise the arrangement of machine direction.The fiber that wherein little transverse direction is arranged.The characteristic of those fabrics and fiber alignment is to use following technology to carry out:

1. the optical microphotograph photograph is from then on to test selected at random fabric.The top of this fabric and bottom, both all take a picture with the enlargement ratio of 40X.Those optical microphotograph photographs derive from the commerce that TANDEC makes and spin the fabric in conjunction with PP also in an identical manner.

2. should convert the Scion image software to by micro-photograph, be divided into the quartering.

3. the angle of fiber in four fens equal portions of each of this micro-photograph is be that vertically (0 °) and cross-sectional direction are level (90 °) with the machine direction on measuring.

In case all fibers are all measured, following equation will be used to quantize its orientation:

Fp＝2*avg(cosθ) ²-1

The angle of θ series fiber, Fp is its orientation parameter, wherein 0 value is corresponding to random orientation, and 1 value is alignd corresponding to the perfection on the direction.

The tensile strength of each fabric sample is to use Instron 4501 tension testers to be checked.Linear grip jaw is used to make fabric to be fixed to this Instron." standard test method that the disruptive force of fabric is relevant with percentage elongation " (ASTM D5035-90) is to be used, but an exception is arranged.This band is not to be cut into 0152m (6 cun) band; But be cut into 0.101m (4 cun) band.

One standard wearing and tearing program is developed, and it comprises that following use has the step of one the 8 support bracket fastened Taber Abraser of compartment sample model 503 (rotation platform double end method):

1. fabric is cut into the fragment of 0.0762 * 0.0762m (3 * 3 cun), in addition mark.

2. gluing liner is applied to the ora terminalis on its surface of being denuded, to prevent tearing of this ora terminalis place.

3. sample is weighed into 4 figure places individually.

4. sample is placed in the sample fixed support, to determine unlikely any wrinkle or the relaxation area of causing.Sample is routed to machine direction, and points to the support bracket fastened center of this sample, with and embossment pattern one side be to face up.

5. fabric sample is to use CO ₂The rubber friction wheel carries out the decision amount (100) of one-period.Masking tape with American Tape system is applied to abrasive surfaces, and is then stable but remove in the action fast one.

6. fabric is weighed and is kept a record once more.

Any sample that is torn during denuding or demotes fully will be dropped, and delete from further test.

Bending rigidity is the design specification according to ASTM method D1388-64 on measuring.Before implementing measurement, with a horizontal adjusting bubble, be placed on it above levelling bench, to guarantee its uniformity.The outstanding length and the basis weight of fabric then are used to calculate its bending rigidity.Though overhang test is one can measure the mode of the hardness of all fabrics easily, it wants its result is associated with consumer's suggestion is very important.The sense of touch of one fabric in a staff may have and be different from the character of being found in the mechanical test.In addition, the surface of fabric is also tackled to touch and is had a soft feeling.

It is chosenly to assess the texture of fabric and 12 people research groups of hardness are carried out by one that all feels are touched assessment.All members of research group follow follow procedure:

1. each member of research group gives and 4 anchor samples, and those corresponding numerals, is from 1 of minimum granular or minimum hardness, to 15 of maximum granular or highest hardness.This anchor and corresponding numeral thereof show in table 10.

2. the member of research group keeps flat this sample on the table, and the embossment side of this fabric is made progress.Wrist is placed on the table, make those forefingers and middle finger move the whole surface of this sample.This program will be repeated on all four directions of this sample.Those texture rates will be recorded.

3. the member of research group keeps flat this sample on the table, makes those habitual hands, is placed on the end face of sample.Those fingers are to make finger point to the top of this sample on the position.This sample system moves to palm to point, and another hand is guided this sample and advanced this and become the hand of cup-shaped and assembled simultaneously.This sample system repeats to be extruded and to discharge.

4. those rates will keep a record with regard to its hardness.

All samples is evaluated before given one minute progression with regard to each.Due to the member's of research group availability, only there is the sample of a selected group tested.Embodiment 1

Those polyethylene (PE) polymer is to derive from Dow Chemical company.This polyethylene polymer has the density and the melt index of variation.One polypropylene (PP) polymer also is to derive from Dow Chemical company.The character of this polymer shows in table 1.

Table 1: used polymer in the experiment

Polymer grade	Density (g/cc)	Melt index (restraining/10 minutes)	Fusing point (℃)
				????PE1	????0.955	????29	????131
????PE2	????0.941	????27	????125
				????PE3	????0.950	????17	????129
????PE4	????0.870	????1	????55
				????PP1	????0.910	????35	????165

Represent the polyethylene of PE1 to comprise the ASPUN that the Dow Chemical company in available city is sold ^TM6842A.Represent the polyethylene of PE2 to comprise the ASPUN that the Dow Chemical company in available city is sold ^TM6811.Represent the polyethylene of PE3 to comprise the ASPUN that the Dow Chemical company in available city is sold ^TM6835A.Represent the polyethylene of PE4 to comprise the AFFINITY that the Dow Chemical company in available city is sold ^TMEG8100.Represent the polypropylene of PP1 to comprise the H500-35 that the Dow Chemical company in available city is sold.Make four samples by these polyethylene polymers.The mixing system of three homopolymers and one 95 percentages/5 percentage PE1 and PE4 is tested.The compound system of its mixture is illustrated as mentioned.4.75kg PE1 ingot ball combine with the PE4 of 0.25kg, be placed in the funnel of above-mentioned pair of screw extruder.After leaving this extruder, this polymer can be drawn the cooling bath that maintains under 5 ℃ through.Its solid polymer then can be fed to a Berlyn Clay Group chipping machine, is cut into the ingot ball this its.This polymer will be washed 15 minutes, and those ingot balls will be collected 100 minutes.

Those fibers are that the weaving condition and the above illustrated program that show in the use table 2 produce.

Table 2: the spinning conditions that various fibers are relevant

Fiber	Polymer	The extruder temperature (℃)	Seal wire drum speed (rpm)	Seal wire drum speed (m/min)	The fibre diameter (micron) of expection	The gross mass of sample (g)
							????1	?PE1	????190	????1800	????900	????21	????540
????2	?PE2	????190	????1800	????900	????21	????180
							????3	?PE3	????190	????1800	????900	????21	????180
????4	PE1+P ?E4	????190	????1800	????900	????21	????180
							????5	?PP1	????230	????1800	????900	????21	????180

The fiber that fabric is to use in the table 1 to be produced is produced by above illustrated program, encodes with following manner.One three digit sequence is arranged, be assigned to each sample.The polymer that its first numeral is used.Its second numeral its in conjunction with the pattern number, its 3rd numeral its in conjunction with temperature.With reference to the polymer numeral, scheme reference in conjunction with the pattern number according to table 2 according to 3A-3I.Be the facility meter, this Mk system system is used to discern sample.

3A figure is about in conjunction with pattern 1, and it has the bonded area, 3.44 * 10 of 46 ° of angles, 20 percentages ⁵Pts/m ²(222pts/in ²), basic width 1.7 * 10 ^-3M (0.067 cun), base altitude 4.32 * 10 ^-4M (0.017 cun) and some width 7.62 * 10 ^-4M (0.03 cun).3B figure is about in conjunction with pattern 2, and it has the bonded area, 3.44 * 10 of 20 ° of angles, 16 percentages ⁵Pts/m ²(222pts/in ²), basic width 1.7 * 10 ^-3M (0.067 cun), base altitude 4.32 * 10 ^-4M (0.017 cun) and some width 6.86 * 10 ^-4M (0.027 cun).3C figure is about in conjunction with pattern 3, and it has the bonded area, 3.44 * 10 of 20 ° of angles, 24 percentages ⁵Pts/m ²(222pts/in ²), basic width 1.7 * 10 ^-3M (0.067 cun), base altitude 4.32 * 10 ^-4M (0.017 cun) and some width 8.38 * 10 ^-4M (0.033 cun).3D figure is about in conjunction with pattern 4, and it has the bonded area, 2.31 * 10 of 20 ° of angles, 20 percentages ⁵Pts/m ²(149pts/in ²), basic width 1.7 * 10 ^-3M (0.067 cun), base altitude 4.32 * 10 ^-4M (0.017 cun) and some width 9.30 * 10 ^-4M (0.0366 cun).3E figure is about in conjunction with pattern 5, and it has the bonded area, 4.60 * 10 of 20 ° of angles, 20 percentages ⁵Pts/m ²(297pts/in ²), basic width 1.7 * 10.3m (0.067 cun), base altitude 4.32 * 10 ^-4M (0.017 cun) and some width 6.60 * 10 ^-4M (0.026 cun).3F figure is about in conjunction with pattern 6, and it has the bonded area, 3.44 * 10 of 42 ° of angles, 16 percentages ⁵Pts/m ²(222pts/in ²), basic width 1.7 * 10 ^-3M (0.067 cun), base altitude 4.32 * 10 ^-4M (0.017 cun) and some width 6.86 * 10 ^-4M (0.027 cun).3G figure is about in conjunction with pattern 7, and it has the bonded area, 3.44 * 10 of 37 ° of angles, 24 percentages ⁵Pts/m ²(222pts/in ²), basic width 1.7 * 10 ^-3M (0.067 cun), base altitude 4.32 * 10 ^-4M (0.017 cun) and some width 8.38 * 10 ^-4M (0.033 cun).3H figure is about in conjunction with pattern 8, and it has the bonded area, 2.31 * 10 of 46 ° of angles, 20 percentages ⁵Pts/m ²(149pts/in ²), basic width 1.7 * 10 ^-3M (0.067 cun), base altitude 4.32 * 10 ^-4M (0.017 cun) and some width 9.3 * 10 ^-4M (0.0366 cun).3I figure is about in conjunction with pattern 9, and it has the bonded area, 4.60 * 10 of 35 ° of angles, 20 percentages ⁵Pts/m ²(297pts/in ²), basic width 1.7 * 10 ^-3M (0.067 cun), base altitude 4.32 * 10 ^-4M (0.017 cun) and some width 6.60 * 10 ^-4M (0.026 cun).

Secondly, pieces of fabric will be cut, to be used for tension test, abrasion test and overhang test.Because all samples all cuts from central authorities at fiber weaving cloth with in the inconsistency of the treatment temperature at edge.

This fabric is done assessment with vision.Temperature, pressure and resin choice to the visual appearance of this fabric there is no shadow to.In conjunction with the cylinder pattern visual property of this fabric had significant effect.4A-4I figure is the micro-photograph of the 20X enlargement ratio of some bondedfibre fabrics that produced by resin 6824A under 119.4 ℃ (247), and they show this fabric difference visually.This dark diamond-shaped area is the calmodulin binding domain CaM of this fabric, and this lighter zone then is those unconjugated fibers.

The relatively demonstration of 4A, 4F, 4G, 4H and 4I figure and 4B, 4C, 4D and 4E figure, 20 ° Sidewall angles will produce than those pattern persons who comprises the major lateral wall angle and be little bonded area.The binding site zone of this fabric shows in table 3.These data show one compared with the cylinder pattern percentage bigger calmodulin binding domain CaM of its generation in conjunction with the fabric of pattern 1,6,7 and 8.This is by in the melt-flow of its of short duration polymer in conjunction with pin mark below, and also since because of this in conjunction with the heat transmission that increases due to the pressing of the fiber in the dummy section between pin mark.This fiber comprises less free space, with and via the conduction the heat transmission be higher.All pattern systems that comprise 20 ° of Sidewall angles show that the percentage bonded area of a fabric is less than its cylinder pattern person.The contraction of this polymer fiber is a possible reason.During the spinning of this fiber was handled, this fiber tied up under the tension force in the directed state and is cured.When this fiber at this in conjunction with under the pin mark, when being exposed to higher temperature, this polymer molecule will pine returns or is contracted to one than stable status.

Table 3: the bonded area that the bondedfibre fabric sample records

Resin	Pattern	Temperature ℃ (°F)	The average percent bonded area
				????PE1	????1	????119.4(247)	????33.7
????PE1	????2	????119.4(247)	????16.5
				????PE1	????3	????119.4(247)	????30.8
????PE1	????4	????119.4(247)	????19.0
				????PE1	????5	????119.4(247)	????20.7
????PE1	????6	????119.4(247)	????17.7
				????PE1	????7	????119.4(247)	????31.8
????PE1	????8	????119.4(247)	????24.7
				????PE1	????9	????119.4(247)	????24.1
????PE2	????1	????116.1(241)	????31.1
				????PE2	????2	????116.1(241)	????14.0
????PE2	????3	????116.1(241)	????20.7
				????PE2	????4	????116.1(241)	????17.6
????PE2	????5	????116.1(241)	????17.5
				????PE2	????6	????116.1(241)	????17.1
????PE2	????7	????116.1(241)	????28.6
				????PE2	????8	????116.1(241)	????22.2
????PE2	????9	????116.1(241)	????23.1
				????PE3	????1	????119.4(247)	????33.0
????PE3	????2	????119.4(247)	????13.8
				????PE3	????3	????119.4(247)	????23.5
????PE3	????4	????119.4(247)	????15.5
				????PE3	????5	????119.4(247)	????17.3
????PE3	????6	????119.4(247)	????16.3
				????PE3	????7	????119.4(247)	????28.4
????PE3	????8	????119.4(247)	????23.2
				????PE3	????9	????119.4(247)	????19.8
95 percentage PE1+, 5 percentage PE4	????1	????119.4(247)	????30.8
				95 percentage PE1+	????2	????119.4(247)	????13.4

5 percentage PE4
				95 percentage PE1+, 5 percentage PE4	??3	?119.4(247)	????19.0
95 percentage PE1+, 5 percentage PE4	??4	?119.4(247)	????17.0
				95 percentage PE1+, 5 percentage PE4	??5	?119.4(247)	????16.5
95 percentage PE1+, 5 percentage PE4	??6	?119.4(247)	????15.3
				95 percentage PE1+, 5 percentage PE4	??7	??119.4(247)	????26.8
95 percentage PE1+, 5 percentage PE4	??8	??119.4(247)	????21.8
				95 percentage PE1+, 5 percentage PE4	??9	??119.4(247)	????20.0

These 20 ° of Sidewall angles patterns also present and have some not tightr or higher porous fibers.In conjunction with pattern 4,5,7 and 8, have identical percentage bonded area, but every square metre there is different dot densities.The pattern that distance between each binding site should have every square metre lower dot density is bigger.

The analysis of its fabric weight is presented in the table 4.Because the combing program of this fiber weaving cloth and the variation of operation have thin point in this fabric.Variability in its thickness has strong impact to engineering properties.The weight of one square cun sample in fabric has extremely low variability.

Table 4: in the sample and the analysis of fabric weight

Resin	Pattern	Average weight (g)
			????PE1	????1	????0.021
????PE1	????2	????0.023
			????PE1	????3	????0.023
????PE1	????4	????0.020
			????PE1	????5	????0.019

To be the PE1 resin also be used to assess variation under 119.4 ℃ (247) of fiber alignment in conjunction with the micro-photograph of pattern to 4A-4I figure.Studies show that of this picture, most fiber are arranged to a direction (upwards reaching downwards).The machine direction (MD) of Here it is this fiber.The fabric that major part is spun combination and fusing comprises the fiber of more random alignment, makes this fabric comprise the intensity (CD) of transverse direction and the intensity of machine direction.Those are the assessment demonstration of selected fabric at random, and commerce is spun the relevant fabric orientation (f of bonded fabric _p) value is lower than among these embodiment institute's sample of producing and testing.This commerce is spun bonded fabric, and system is from polypropylene under TANDEC.This result shows in table 5.The f of the bottom of this fabric _pValue is higher than its top, and this means this fiber on the bottom, is to be aligned in machine direction.It can advance fiber one comparatively at random state in conjunction with pin mark above top, and the alignment that this bottom fiber that is bonded to a smooth cylinder can keep this to weave cotton cloth.

Table 5: from the data of fiber alignment measurement collection

Fabric	????f p(1)	????f p(2)	????f p(3)	Mean value f p
					PE (top)	????0.56	????0.54	????0.53	????0.54
PE (bottom)	????0.7	????0.82	????0.69	????0.75
					Spin in conjunction with PP	????0.22	????0.19	????0.25	????0.22
Spin in conjunction with PP	????0.16	????0.18	????0.22	????0.19

Table 6 is that various various character to the bondedfibre fabric of each polymer fiber of testing in conjunction with pattern are used in demonstration at various temperatures to 9.Specify three digit sequences in each sample.The used polymer of its first numeral indication.The second numeral indication its in conjunction with the pattern number, in its its of the 3rd numeral indication in conjunction with temperature.With reference to table 2 about the polymer numeral, and with reference to 3A-3I figure about in conjunction with the pattern number.Be the facility meter, this Mk system system is used to discern sample.For example, 1-1-116.1 representative 116.1 ℃ (241 °F) in conjunction with using the fabric made from the PE1 resin in conjunction with pattern 1 (3A figure) under the temperature.The tensile properties of all samples is used an Instron4501 and is measured with regard to the percentage elongation under peak load and the fracture as the illustrated program ASTM D5035-90 of preamble.Because the variability between the fabric that produces under the identical condition is so test 6 tension force samples.Tabulation is seen in average abrasion (ABR) observed under each treatment conditions.With regard to bending rigidity (FR), the outstanding vertical length and the basis weight of each fabric will be measured, so that decide FR according to above illustrated ASTM D 1388-64.Each resin is seen tabulation with each mean F R that handles conditioned measurement.

Table 6: the data of resin PE1

Sample	The average percent percentage elongation	Normalization average peak load (g)	Average abrasion (mg/cm 2)	Mean F R (mg*cm)
					??1-1-116.1	????43.17	????1974	????0.76	????29.1
??1-1-117.7	????52.20	????2026	????0.71	????33.8
					??1-1-119.4	????70.00	????2161	????0.55	????45.9
??1-2-116.1	????16.77	????920	????1.02	????17.6
					??1-2-117.7	????17.40	????882	????1.01	????20.3
??1-2-119.4	????31.61	????1186	????0.83	????22.0
					??1-3-116.1	????17.00	????927	????0.77	????30.4
??1-3-117.7	????20.06	????1032	????0.71	????28.8
					??1-3-119.4	????27.81	????1330	????0.53	????33.6
??1-4-116.1	????20.73	????956	????1.08	????17.8
					??1-4-117.7	????19.66	????915	????0.92	????19.6
??1-4-119.4	????27.64	????1141	????0.64	????19.6
					??1-5-116.1	????93.69	????806	????0.99	????17.9
??1-5-117.7			????0.89	????25.3
					??1-5-119.4	????19.37	????1073	????0.66	????32.4
??1-6-116.1	????32.08	????1253	????0.93	????28.4
					??1-6-117.7	????49.86	????1393	????0.89	????38.4
??1-6-119.4	????76.48	????1619	????0.75	????50.8
					??1-7-116.1	????41.15	????1511	????0.72	????48.0
??1-7-117.7	????52.51	????1821	????0.66	????51.4
					??1-7-119.4	????93.13	????2149	????0.54	????70.1
??1-8-116.1	????48.27	????1517	????0.97	????41.4
					??1-8-117.7	????75.35	????1666	????0.83	????46.2
??1-8-119.4	????70.34	????1865	????0.61	????56.0
					??1-9-116.1	????24.08	????1193	????0.94	????45.7
??1-9-117.7	????28.04	????1335	????0.85	????55.6
					??1-9-119.4	????53.75	????1493	????0.64	????85.2

Table 7: the data of resin PE2

Sample

The average percent percentage elongation

Normalization average peak load (g)

Average abrasion (mg/cm 2)

Mean F R (mg*cm)

??2-1-112.7	??24.62	????1646	????0.94	????31.8
					??2-1-114.4	??31.54	????1912	????0.80	????43.3
??2-1-116.1	??45.24	????2075	????0.68	????66.2
					??2-2-112.7	??49.30	????1228	????1.20	????30.1
??2-2-114.4	??60.96	????1336	????0.92	????36.7
					??2-2-116.1	??36.26	????1188	????0.75	????50.3
??2-3-112.7	??63.42	????1370	????1.00	????35.9
					??2-3-114.4	??62.79	????1544	????0.74	????41.8
??2-3-116.1	??33.12	????1336	????0.59	????55.1
					??2-4-112.7	??81.15	????1482	????1.06	????20.2
??2-4-114.4	??90.96	????1525	????0.78	????24.2
					??2-4-116.1	??39.15	????1316	????0.65	????35.9
??2-5-112.7	??54.37	????1409	????0.97	????35.0
					??2-5-114.4	??64.09	????1508	????0.84	????40.1
??2-5-116.1	??19.75	????1344	????0.61	????51.5
					??2-6-112.7	??74.57	????1530	????1.06	????39.6
??2-6-114.4	??56.29	????1438	????0.93	????52.8
					??2-6-116.1	??38.05	????1057	????0.75	????57.4
??2-7-112.7	??68.12	????1583	????0.96	????43.0
					??2-7-114.4	??64.24	????1743	????0.78	????54.3
??2-7-116.1	??50.48	????1858	????0.58	????72.5
					??2-8-112.7	??95.53	????1594	????1.04	????35.5
??2-8-114.4	??91.61	????1617	????0.75	????40.3
					??2-8-116.1	??33.78	????1122	????0.65	????48.6
??2-9-112.7	??60.33	????1685	????0.95	????54.6
					??2-9-114.4	??78.11	????1705	????0.83	????54.1
??2-9-116.1	??73.58	????1950	????0.61	????60.8

Table 8: the data that resin PE3 is relevant

Sample	The average percent percentage elongation	Normalization average peak load (g)	Average abrasion (mg/cm 2)	Mean F R (mg*cm)
					??3-1-11	????17.74	????1447	????0.92	????40.0
??3-1-11	????21.50	????1702	????0.61	????41.0
					??3-1-11	????27.82	????1919	????0.55	????46.3
??3-2-11	????13.53	????1242	????1.09	????41.4
					??3-2-11	????23.23	????1785	????0.97	????40.1
??3-2-11	????32.40	????1992	????0.79	????46.0
					??3-3-11	????21.65	????1992	????0.89	????36.8
??3-3-11	????28.69	????2021	????0.62	????44.8
					??3-3-11	????40.03	????2274	????0.56	????44.9
??3-4-11	????22.66	????1721	????1.06	????27.7
					??3-4-11	????26.83	????1845	????0.89	????38.7
??3-4-11	????38.57	????2035	????0.69	????42.1
					??3-5-11	????12.33	????1248	????1.05	????28.8
??3-5-11	????16.31	????1582	????0.87	????35.4
					??3-5-11	????28.89	????1975	????0.70	????40.3
??3-6-11	????18.79	????1138	????1.03	????60.4
					??3-6-11	????28.29	????1677	????0.88	????88.4
??3-6-11	????41.52	????1980	????0.80	????98.0
					??3-7-11	????24.87	????1597	????0.94	????82.9
??3-7-11	????41.28	????1879	????0.66	????90.1
					??3-7-11	????51.97	????2376	????0.55	????125.5
??3-8-11	????26.63	????1255	????0.97	????74.1
					??3-8-11	????43.24	????1806	????0.81	????79.9
??3-8-11	????36.78	????2017	????0.68	????88.4
					??3-9-11	????16.56	????904	????0.90	????80.7
??3-9-11	????16.83	????1279	????0.84	????103.7
					??3-9-11	????20.26	????1456	????0.65	????116.4

Table 9: the data that comprises the resin of 95 percentage PE1 and 5 percentage PE4

Sample	The average percent percentage elongation	Normalization average peak load (g)	Average abrasion (mg/cm 2)	Mean F R (mg*cm)
					?4-1-116.1	????54.03	????2065	????0.96	????22.9
?4-1-117.7	????81.32	????2288	????0.75	????35.8
					?4-1-119.4	????31.72	????1988	????0.50	????39.0
?4-2-116.1	????20.23	????1322	????1.09	????32.6
					?4-2-117.7	????33.20	????1659	????1.00	????42.0
?4-2-119.4	????33.48	????1676	????0.72	????53.4
					?4-3-116.1	????27.46	????1485	????0.95	????35.3
?4-3-117.7	????36.27	????1735	????0.71	????32.6
					?4-3-119.4	????51.98	????2192	????0.53	????49.0
?4-4-116.1	????27.59	????1452	????1.33	????26.5
					?4-4-117.7	????39.67	????1756	????1.05	????30.3
?4-4-119.4	????42.27	????1928	????0.77	????29.4
					?4-5-116.1	????19.75	????1344	????1.28	????31.0
?4-5-117.7	????34.79	????1800	????1.03	????47.7
					?4-5-119.4	????41.19	????2017	????0.70	????48.7
?4-6-116.1	????34.41	????1590	????0.97	????56.9
					?4-6-117.7	????60.42	????1812	????0.84	????71.0
?4-6-119.4	????28.85	????1589	????0.63	????91.0
					?4-7-116.1	????49.89	????1920	????0.93	????67.9
?4-7-117.7	????75.67	????2241	????0.73	????82.0
					?4-7-119.4	????32.57	????1861	????0.48	????102.7
?4-8-116.1	????54.02	????1862	????0.99	????46.5
					?4-8-117.7	????45.77	????2076	????0.85	????62.4
?4-8-119.4	????46.92	????1884	????0.64	????77.9
					?4-9-116.1	????29.05	????1362	????03	????67.7
?4-9-117.7	????53.70	????1737	????0.85	????80.7
					?4-9-119.4	????57.83	????1862	????0.58	????109.6

Those peak load value scopes from 800g to up to 2400g.These are worth little many of typical PP sample.Use the pattern 2 under 136.6 ℃ (278), PP1 will produce the peak load of 4875g.Usually, its normalization peak load can increase along with temperature, calmodulin binding domain CaM with in conjunction with the increase of angle.With regard to the mixture of resin PE2 and 95 percentage PE1 and 5 percentage PE4, when with regard to temperature with regard to the PE2 when 114.4 ℃ (238 °F) to 116.1 ℃ (241 °F) and when temperature with regard to this mixture when 117.7 ℃ (244 °F) to 119.4 ℃ (247 °F), its peak load will reduce.This may be a factor of facilitating the variation of its rupture mechanism.The relatively demonstration in pairs of those samples, the bonded area of 24 percentages is than the peak load height of the bonded area of 16 percentages.Shown in preamble, it has significant effect in conjunction with angle to the actual bonded area above the sample.The 5th figure is that the PE2 resin is under different temperature and use the curve map of various regular peak loads in conjunction with pattern to temperature.Its peak load is to be normalized to 33g/m linearly ²(1oz/yd ²) basis weight because peak load is the force function that has of basis weight.

The 6th figure is that the PE1 resin is under different temperature and use the curve map of various percentage percentage elongations in conjunction with pattern to temperature.The percentage elongation of those PE nonwoven fabric, scope from 10 percentages to up to 95 percentages.Under 136.6 ℃ (278 °F), use pattern 2, the percentage elongation of PP only can reach to 31 percentages, and 37 percentages be following of arbitrary treatment conditions can reach to peak.The reduction of those binding site concentration will increase its percentage elongation significantly.In fact, resin PE2 under 114.4 ℃ (238 °F), in those binding site concentration from 4.60 * 10 ⁵Pts/m ²Be reduced to 2.31 * 10 ⁵Pts/m ²(from 297pts/in ²To 149pts/in ²) time, its percentage elongation almost can double.One of them exception is the resin of 95 percentage PE1 and 5 percentage PE4, and its percentage elongation demonstration does not have difference because of the reduction of those binding site concentration.This can be explained in conjunction with the more significant elastomeric character of the effect of pattern by PE4.Temperature control is very important.1.6 the temperature difference of ℃ (3) can have high reduction to percentage elongation 100 percentages.

The 7th figure system shows three embodiment of the curve of the relevant typical stress-strain of resin PE1.This sample system uses the PE1 resin under the temperature of 116.1 ℃ (241), 117.7 ℃ (244) and 119.4 ℃ (247), uses and makes in conjunction with pattern 3.When temperature increased, this peak load will increase.Under the maximum temperature of 119.4 ℃ (247), the percentage elongation of this fabric will reduce.And, the initial modulus that the initial modulus of the fabric that is produced down at 119.4 ℃ (247) is higher than at a lower temperature to be produced.This is the typical situation of all fabric samples.

The 8th figure is the typical plot of the relevant abrasion of PE1 resin to temperature.Usually, its data show that its percentage elongation is the function of all treatment variables.It is mutually related bonded area and the increase that combines angle will make the percentage elongation of this fabric increase.Usually, its scuff resistance is the function of temperature substantially, though those are in conjunction with between pattern, can see marked difference.This can be explained by its rupture mechanism.When its surface was rubbed, this fiber will be drawn out from this binding site.Because it is denuded due to the relevant rupture mechanism, its fine, soft fur amount above surface will rely on the yardstick that bond strength more is far more than its combination.The value that its abrasion is relevant, scope is from 0.48mg/cm ²Extremely greater than 1mg/cm ²Under 136.6 ℃ (278 °F), use PP sample, have 0.15mg/cm in conjunction with pattern 2 ²Abrasion value, and less than more than 3 times of PE person.

The 9th figure shows the curve map of the relevant bending rigidity of PE2 (" FR ") to temperature.This is a typical curve map, and represents the trend found in other resin.The overhang of one high length is represented a hard fabric.And a high basis weight is a factor of facilitating hardness to increase, because this fabric when hanging at the ora terminalis place, can support bigger weight.The mean value of the overhang of this fabric on its patterned roller side direction and when downward is regarded as the relevant total overhang of individual sections fabric.The mean value of each can be obtained.Can think that this can represent the total hardness of this fabric better, because this fabric can be crooked on both direction during dressing.Each sample system measures four times by this way.

It can be observed those, and to have big be to have 20 ° in conjunction with the higher value of the pattern 2-5 of angle than having than those in conjunction with angle in conjunction with pattern 6-9.The bending rigidity of all PE samples, with regard to sample 3-7-119.4, its scope system is from its low 20 to one high 125mg*cm.These values are quite low so that a typical PP fabric has fr value more than the 200mg*cm.Resin PE2 is in the minimum hardness of demonstration of comparing with other resin under the same treatment condition.This may be because due to the low-density of this polymer.Its highest FR value is to obtain by PE3, and is attributable to a higher density polymer.Dose PE4 to FE1 and will produce a higher FR value.It may be by due to the contraction of the increase of fusion in its calmodulin binding domain CaM and/or this fiber and fabric.In conjunction with pattern, low bonded area, low sidewall angle and low binding site density show will produce minimum FR value about it.Reason it should be noted that low bonded area, Sidewall angles and binding site density can have influence on other character, that is, abrasion.So, because due to the low modulus of PE, its FR value may be come importantly not as other character.

Those, are tested by the hand sense of touch and to be assessed the hardness (ST) of fabric and the effect of its surperficial texture (GR) in conjunction with the cylinder pattern.12 members of people research group demarcate this two character with 1 to 15 calibration.Anchor sample (being used as a baseline) on providing as listed in the table 10.Under 119.4 ℃ (247 °F), each is used as sample in conjunction with the resin PE1 that pattern processes.Table 11 is taken passages out each mean value of demarcating in conjunction with relevant two hands of pattern.

Table 10: anchor material and respective value thereof

Test-types	The anchor material	The anchor number
			Texture	Bleaching mercerized cotton poplin cloth	????2.1
Texture	Bleaching military uniform carding reason sateen	????4.9
			Texture	Cotton momie fabric	????9.5
Texture	The primary colors duck	????13.6
			Hardness	Polyester/cotton 50/50 is singly knitted	????1.3
Hardness	Bleaching mercerized cotton calico	????4.7
			Hardness	Bleaching mercerized cotton poplin cloth	????8.5
Hardness	Cotton organdie	????14.0

Table 11: the data that the feel inquiry agency is collected

Sample	Hardness	Texture
			?1-1-119.4	????2.5	????5.6
?1-2-119.4	????0.9	????2.9
			?1-3-119.4	????1.8	????3.9
?1-4-119.4	????1.6	????4.0
			?1-5-119.4	????1.1	????2.8
?1-6-119.4	????1.7	????3.5
			?1-7-119.4	????3.0	????5.4
?1-8-119-4	????1.5	????4.0
			?1-9-119.4	????2.5	????4.9
?5-2-140	????5.3	????6.4

Scanning electronic microscope (SEM) is used to the analyzing and processing condition to the nonwoven surface, in conjunction with the effect of periphery, cross section and rupture mechanism.Those treatment conditions show sense of touch and the intensity that can reach this fabric.This joint is discussed the relation between fabric face and its character, and also can determine that this rupture mechanism is the function of treatment conditions.

Arial view and profile system use following method to obtain:

1. the section of this fabric is by being placed between two paper, and this sample was placed liquid nitrogen about 1 minute in cutting, then is to do cutting with slasher perpendicular to this machine direction.

2. this sample is placed on above the platform with conduction band, its edge is lined with conductive graphite coating.

3.Denton vacuum Hi-Res 100 high-resolution cadmium spraying plating systems are used to apply this fabric, make it become the thick film of a 100-120 .

4. this sample system places in its sample compartment, and this compartment is evacuated to 1.3 * 10 ⁵Pa (10 ⁷Torr).

Can with 20Kev be used 5Kev because the problem of this electric charge accumulation above fabric face is arranged.

6. under various enlargement ratios, obtain micro-photograph.

7.Scion imaging software is made and is observed and measure this micro-photograph.

All tested samples are with the low enlargement ratio between a 60X and 100X, focus on this above binding site and do microphotograph.Because there is no significant surface differences between temperature, all photographs are taken from the sample that is lower than 1.6 ℃ of those sticky points (3).This temperature is 119.4 ℃ (247 °F) with regard to all samples, and except the resin PE2, it is at 119.4 ℃ (247 °F).All nine systems from resin PE1 in conjunction with pattern, be to be presented among the 10A-IOI figure.All binding sites are included in a big flat surfaces of central authorities, and it is to raise towards the edge.Pattern 1,6,7 and 8 comprises a big Sidewall angles entirely.This effect is remarkable during hardly as with other resin with the PE1 resin, and this perhaps is because its high melt index.This has the pattern of little Sidewall angles, will produce one and comprise more rounded binding site in the combination and how much of a less flat site.Because its profile with 20 ° of binding sites that Sidewall angles was produced is rounded, and will covers than preamble is described and be little surf zone, the space between each binding site then can be bigger.This can be because of the increase of the exposed areas of this fiber than large space, and gives and sense of touch that this fabric is soft.This is interrelated with its feel assessed information.On the contrary, less binding site surface coverage face will produce less winding fiber, and the intensity that will reduce fabric.This has seen in the previous tension force data.

Treatment conditions are at similar tension force and the fracture mechanism during denuding destructive testings such as test to the effect of bondedfibre fabric.There is three types fracture to take place.This fiber can be pulled outside in conjunction with scene, and ruptures in conjunction with the periphery place at it, or ruptures outside binding site.The micro-photograph of SEM also is used to determine the fracture mechanism of selected nonwoven sample.11A-C figure system shows the break embodiment of fracture mechanism of test period of tension force.Obviously, most treatment conditions will make polyethylene fabric rupture because of fiber is pulled away from a faint binding site.In the situation of some higher temperature, this combination system is by force to being enough to that fiber is ruptured in conjunction with the periphery place at it obviously.The PE4 resin of 5 percentages is added to the PE1 resin, will make its bond strength, under 119.4 ℃ (247 °F), increasing to is enough to make some fiber to rupture in conjunction with the periphery place at it.At this point and opinion, the evidence of two rupture mechanisms is arranged, those are included in fiber and are pulled away from binding site and fiber in its fracture in conjunction with the periphery place.

The analysis of the fracture mechanism that abrasion is caused does not show that it is at the sign in conjunction with the fracture of periphery place.12A-B figure shows two embodiment of the abrasion breaking junction chalaza that causes.Its thin silk ribbon shape band is the traces of its previous thermojunction chalaza.Even those in tension test because of fragile fiber at its sample that ruptures in conjunction with the periphery place, do not show identical rupture mechanism.This fabric can rupture because of the destruction of its binding site after abrasion.This phenomenon can explain why scuff resistance fails to reach to a peak value, and then as its toughness and percentage elongation, reduces along with the increase of its treatment temperature.Its scuff resistance only relies on its adhesion.

Just as showing that above embodiments of the invention can provide a kind of bondedfibre fabric with tensile strength, percentage elongation, abrasive resistance, bending rigidity and/or pliability of relative increase.Additional features that embodiments of the invention provided and advantage, the professional who can be this skill understands easily.

Though the present invention illustrated with reference to a limited number of embodiment already that it had some change forms and modifies body.For example, not need be a mixture in above given composition to this fabric composition.It can comprise arbitrary amount of those compositions, as long as the desirable character of this fabric composition can meet.Ought to notice being that the application examples of this fabric composition was not limited to hygienic article, it can use in office what is the need for to want in the environment of a thermal bondedfibre fabric.The claim that it is appended is intended to contain all change forms in confining spectrum of the present invention and modifies body.

Claims (28)

1. method of making non-woven fabrics fabric, it comprises:

Make a fiber weaving cloth by a pair of cylinder, obtaining having the thermal fabric of high percentage bonded area,

Wherein said high percentage bonded area is to form by embossment pattern above the cylinder therein, and this embossment pattern has the binding site area of high percentage.

2. method according to claim 1, wherein said embossment pattern have the binding site zone and the wide binding site angle of high percentage.

3. method according to claim 1, the percentage of wherein said bonded area is about at least 16 percentages.

4. method according to claim 1, the percentage of wherein said bonded area is about at least 20 percentages.

5. method according to claim 1, the percentage of wherein said bonded area is about at least 24 percentages.

6. method according to claim 2, wherein said binding site angle are about 20 ° or bigger.

7. method according to claim 2, wherein said binding site angle are about 35 ° or bigger.

8. method according to claim 2, wherein said binding site angle are about 37 ° or bigger.

9. method according to claim 2, wherein said binding site angle are about 42 ° or bigger.

10. method according to claim 2, wherein said binding site angle are about 46 ° or bigger.

11. method according to claim 1, wherein said embossment pattern has about 1.55 * 10 for every square metre at least ⁵Individual binding site.

12. method according to claim 1, wherein said embossment pattern has about 2.31 * 10 for every square metre at least ⁵Individual binding site.

13. method according to claim 1, wherein said embossment pattern has about 3.1 * 10 for every square metre at least ⁵Individual binding site.

14. method according to claim 1, wherein said embossment pattern has about 3.44 * 10 for every square metre at least ⁵Individual binding site.

15. method according to claim 1, wherein said embossment pattern has about 4.6 * 10 for every square metre at least ⁵Individual binding site.

16. method according to claim 1, wherein said embossment pattern has about 4.65 * 10 for every square metre at least ⁵Individual binding site.

17. according to claim 1,4,7 or 14 described methods, wherein said fiber weaving cloth contains polyethylene.

18. method according to claim 17, wherein said polyethylene is an Alathon.

19. method according to claim 17, wherein said polyethylene are the copolymers of ethene and comonomer.

20. method according to claim 17, wherein said polyethylene obtains in the presence of metalloscene catalyst.

21. method according to claim 17, wherein said polyethylene obtains in the presence of confinement geometry type catalyst.

22. method according to claim 17, wherein said polyethylene obtains in the presence of single site catalysts.

23. a non-woven fabrics fabric that contains a kind of polymer, wherein said fabric are characterised in that bonded area and the high abrasion resistance strength with high percentage.

24. nonwoven fabric thermal fabric according to claim 23, wherein said polymer is a polyethylene.

25. method according to claim 23, the percentage of wherein said bonded area is about at least 16 percentages.

26. method according to claim 23, the percentage of wherein said bonded area is about at least 20 percentages.

27. method according to claim 23, the percentage of wherein said bonded area is about at least 24 percentages.

28. fabric by the described method preparation of claim 1-22.

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