CN1477675A - Cold cathode gas discharge luminescent device - Google Patents

Cold cathode gas discharge luminescent device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1477675A
CN1477675A CNA031002609A CN03100260A CN1477675A CN 1477675 A CN1477675 A CN 1477675A CN A031002609 A CNA031002609 A CN A031002609A CN 03100260 A CN03100260 A CN 03100260A CN 1477675 A CN1477675 A CN 1477675A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cold
lamp
cathode fluorescence
fluorescence lamp
light
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Pending
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CNA031002609A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
葛晓勤
葛世潮
林伟涛
葛一萍
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LG Display Co Ltd
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LG Display Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from US09/073,738 external-priority patent/US6310436B1/en
Priority claimed from US09/188,035 external-priority patent/US6316872B1/en
Priority claimed from US09/187,766 external-priority patent/US6201352B1/en
Application filed by LG Display Co Ltd filed Critical LG Display Co Ltd
Publication of CN1477675A publication Critical patent/CN1477675A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/70—Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure < 400 Torr
    • H01J61/76—Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure < 400 Torr having a filling of permanent gas or gases only
    • H01J61/78—Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure < 400 Torr having a filling of permanent gas or gases only with cold cathode; with cathode heated only by discharge, e.g. high-tension lamp for advertising
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J65/00—Lamps without any electrode inside the vessel; Lamps with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
    • H01J65/04—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels
    • H01J65/042—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field
    • H01J65/046—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field the field being produced by using capacitive means around the vessel

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Illuminated Signs And Luminous Advertising (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

A light transmitting container is used to house a cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL) to reduce heat loss and to increase the luminous efficiency of the lamp. An electrical connector configuration is connected to an electrode of the lamp and adapted to be electrically and mechanically connected to a conventional electrical socket. A driver circuit in the container converts 50 or 60 Hz power to the high frequency power suitable for operating the CCFL. At least one of the electrodes of the CCFL is outside of the container to facilitate heat dissipation. A two-dimensional array of CCFLs may be held by a module housing to form a display for displaying still or moving images and characters. The above-described CCFL configurations may also be used for displaying traffic information. A monochromic, multi-color and full-color cold cathode fluorescent display (CFD), comprises: some shaped white or multi-color or red, green, blue three primary color CCFLs, reflector, base plate, temperature control means, luminance and contrast enhancement face plate, shades and its driving electronics. CFD is a large screen display device which has high luminance, high efficiency, long lifetime, high contrast and excellent color. CFD can be used for applications both of outdoor and indoor even at direct sunlight, to display character, graphic and video image.

Description

Cold cathode gas discharge luminescent device
Invention field
The present invention relates to a kind of cold cathode fluorescent lamp device, particularly relate to a kind of high luminous efficiency, high efficiency, long-life monochrome, polychrome or panchromatic cold cathode gas discharge luminescent device, discharge display and discharge display module.The present invention can be used for throwing light on and the jumbotron display unit of character display, figure and video image and demonstration transport information, can be used for indoor and outdoor simultaneously.
Background technology
Hot-cathode fluorescent lamp (HCFL) is applied in illumination.Hot-cathode fluorescent lamp is to work in arc lamp gas discharge zone.It works in low relatively voltage (about 100 volts), big electric current (in 60 milliamperes of scopes), high efficient (as 80 lumens/watt) situation, and also negative electrode normally works in high relatively temperature, as 900 degrees centigrade.Usually, these negative electrodes are switched on and work at fluorescent lamp before its optimum temperature, must at first use starter and ballast to heat and be raised to a certain temperature.Like this, in order to light fluorescent lamp, apply a voltage to starter to produce gas discharge.By the heat that gas discharge produced negative electrode is heated, and make the electron-emissive layer heating on the negative electrode rise to a certain temperature, thereby this coating emitting electrons is kept gas discharge, and the ultraviolet light that gas discharge produced will make the phosphor powder layer emission bright dipping in the lamp.
Between the starting period, negative electrode and electron-emissive layer at first are heated and are raised to a certain temperature, heat just makes the part of electron-emissive layer evaporate, therefore after fluorescent lamp has been activated repeatedly, electron-emissive layer may be at the defectiveness that becomes aspect the generation electronics, thereby need to change hot-cathode fluorescent lamp, this problem is for the information display device especially severe of those hot-cathode fluorescent lamps that need constantly start and turn off.Like this, hot-cathode fluorescent lamp just seems impracticable in all application of computer, image documentation equipment and television set.In order to throw light on, these hot-cathode fluorescent lamps need starter and ballast.These starters and ballast will break down after constantly having used a period.This has also just shortened the life-span of hot-cathode fluorescent lamp.So plan to provide a kind of lighting apparatus of performance improvement.
The traffic lights that adopts and some outdoor large scale signal display apparatus all are to make with some incandescent lamps usually at present.These incandescent lamp brightness height, but many shortcomings are also arranged:
A. because the life-span is short and reliability is low and the maintenance cost height.This situation, especially very inconvenient for the replacing and the repairing of those traffic lights on the highway arterial highway and signal lamp, and also expense is also very expensive.
B. because the low and power consumption height of luminous efficiency, be about 10 lumens/watt, for those traffic lights and other multi-color display device, owing to coloured white light of only incandescent lamp being launched obtains through filtering, therefore luminous efficiency is lower, so the resulting like this light intensity that coloured light arranged also just greatly reduces, for some application like this, its effective luminance has only or is lower than 4 lumens/watt.
C. under the daylight direct irradiation, the contrast that these lamps are opened and closed is very low, that is to say, even lamp is in closed condition also as opening, this may cause all fatal consequences.
Plan to provide a kind of lighting apparatus of modified form, to avoid above-mentioned various shortcomings for this reason.
Plasma panel (PDP) type display unit is to work in the gas discharge plasma zone.Different with hot-cathode fluorescent lamp, those electrodes are not in glass tube but outside glass tube.Generally speaking, the plasma area in the fluorescent tube is charge neutrality, and is general, do not contain mercury in this fluorescent tube, and just comprises a certain inert gas, and for example xenon produces ultraviolet light.The efficient of plasma panel is very low, generally approximately less than 1 lumens/watt.Therefore, plasma panel type equipment is not used in illumination usually, and only is used for some display unit.
The prior art of jumbotron display unit is mainly as follows:
The incandescent lamp display unit
This display screen comprises a large amount of incandescent lamps.These white lamps are usually used in the character and the figure of display white and black.Some coloured incandescent lamps, (B) glass of look is made bulb for R, G, and for character, the polychrome of figure and image or panchromatic demonstration are used with red, green and blue for they.The incandescent lamp display unit is widely used in outdoor character and chart demonstration, and has some advantage, and is low as the cost of lamp.However, this technology still has following shortcoming:
Luminous efficiency low (luminous efficiency that is white lamps is about 10 lumens/watt, and the luminous efficiency of the incandescent lamp of emission red, green and blue coloured light more less than white luminous efficient 1/3rd); The power consumption height; Poor reliability; Unexpected failure; Life-span is short; The maintenance cost costliness; Response time is long and be not suitable for image display.
Light-emitting diode (LED)
Light-emitting diode has been widely used in the demonstration of polychrome and panchromatic character, figure and some video images in indoor large-screen and jumbotron display unit.This display unit can produce high brightness in indoor some are used, and can keep long working life when indoor display brightness level.But light-emitting diode has the following shortcoming: the low and power consumption height of luminous efficiency, particularly for the jumbotron display unit; Low for outdoor utility brightness, especially when having required vast visual angle or being subjected to the daylight direct irradiation; The expense costliness, especially for the jumbotron display unit, so the time need a large amount of light-emitting diodes; And when levels of brightness the life-span low.
Cathode ray tube (CRT)
Cathode ray tube comprises that general beam cathode ray tube (for example: 1992 " Japanese display unit ", Japan Display ' 92, the 385th page), the matrix plane cathode ray tube (for example, at the U.S. Jumbotron of Sony that the 5th, 191, No. 259 patent disclosed (Sony ' s Jumbotron), and the matrix plane cathode ray tube of Mitsubishi (for example, 1989 " SID ' 89Digest " the 102nd page).Cathode ray tube produces good color compatibility because it has with color cathode ray tube, generally knows for people.The shortcoming of cathode ray tube is as follows: the brightness of outdoor utility is low; Under the operating state of high-brightness environment illumination, contrast is low; Under the high brightness operating state, the life-span is short; This display unit is owing to complex structure and high about 10,000 shapes of anode voltage, so the expense costliness.
D. thermic cathode fluorimetric display unit
" Skypix " has obtained using (1991 " SED ' 91Digest " the 577th page) to the thermic cathode fluorimetric display device technology in the display system so-called, it can produce high brightness, about 5000 candela/metre2s, therefore it still has sufficient brightness under the daylight direct irradiation, and the shortcoming of this system is: luminous efficiency is low because the electric arc of hot cathode and gas discharge is short; Power consumption is very high, and since the number of times that hot cathode is presented at image requires open and close when showing too much and the life-span short.
At present, incandescent lamp all is used for outdoor some characters and graphical display usually.
The two-way array cathode ray tube comprises general beam cathode ray tube and matrix cathode ray tube, uses very generally in outdoor image shows.That a kind ofly all can not provide a kind of display system in these two kinds of technology, during some that makes it can be used for indoor and outdoor used, those above-mentioned shortcomings all or cardinal principle all overcome.
Summary of the invention
The present invention carries out in view of the various shortcoming of aforesaid relevant prior art.
Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide the high brightness luminescent equipment of a kind of use cold-cathode fluorescence lamp (" CCFL "), also have on the lamp can be compatible mutually with more existing lamp sockets electric connection.
Therefore, the objective of the invention is, a kind of use cold-cathode fluorescence lamp (" CCFL ") high brightness luminescent equipment is provided, and has various design, make that cold-cathode fluorescence lamp is easy to start, the temperature of lamp is remained on optimum working temperature.
Therefore, purpose of the present invention provide a kind of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp (" CCFL ") large-screen and jumbotron display unit that constituted, that brightness is very high of certain shape of usefulness, and it can have special reflector and panel etc. is increased in brightness.It can be used on indoor and outdoor, even be subjected to the direct irradiation of daylight, also can use.The point brightness of character and graphical display can up to or be higher than 15,000 candela/metre2s.The face mean flow rate of panchromatic image can up to or be higher than 5,000 candela/metre2s.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of long-life large-screen and jumbotron display unit, in the high brightness condition of work, its life-span can up to or be higher than 20,000 hours.
A further object of the present invention provides a kind of high luminous efficiency, the large-screen of low power consumption and jumbotron display unit.
Further aim of the present invention provides a kind of large-screen and jumbotron display unit of high-contrast, and it is preferably with some suitable eclipsers, and black floor and brightness and contrast increase panel.
Further object of the present invention, it is good to provide some temperature performances, and has the large-screen and the jumbotron display unit of temperature control equipment.Cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit of the present invention can be used on indoor and outdoor, and can use under any ambient temperature conditions.
According to a kind of form of the present invention, be to adopt one a certain gas medium wherein is housed, also install the light transmission container of a cold-cathode fluorescence lamp at least.This gas medium and light transmission container can reduce the influence to lamp of the thermal loss of lamp and ambient temperature, increase the luminous efficiency of at least one the lamp of installing in the container.
According to another kind of form of the present invention, be to adopt a light transmission container of wherein installing a cold-cathode fluorescence lamp at least, and this lamp also have an electrode at least.Light transmission container can be by reducing lamp thermal loss and ambient temperature to the influence of lamp, increase the luminous efficiency of lamp, and that electrode of installing at least in the container also is connected with an electric connection, it can with numerous those conventional electrical sockets in one be connected at electricity and mechanically suitable ground.Therefore by the gas discharge device that above-mentioned those elements constituted, can be used to substitute conventional incandescent lamp.
According to the another kind of form that also has of the present invention, be to adopt one wherein to install a cold-cathode fluorescence lamp at least, and install the light transmission container of an electrode at least, thereby thermal loss that can be by reducing lamp and ambient temperature are to the influence of lamp, increase the luminous efficiency of lamp, in container, install that electrode at least, also be connected with drive circuit, provide electric power to lamp.This comprises lamp, drive circuit and container and just forms a complete gas discharge device, can be used to substitute conventional incandescent lamp.
According to another form of the present invention, be to adopt a light transmission container of wherein installing the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of a lengthening at least.This fluorescent lamp has two terminals, so that thermal loss by reducing lamp and ambient temperature increase luminous efficiency to the influence of lamp.This fluorescent lamp is by a base plate that is attached on the container, supported at two support zones of lamp.This two support zone is positioned at two terminals, or be positioned at lamp two terminals near.Part on the lamp between two terminals also is connected with a strutting piece, and lamp is affixed in the container.By between two terminal parts lamp being supported, it seldom may be damaged because of vibration just as those lamps of using on the travelling apparatus of transport.
According to the another kind of form that also has of the present invention, be to adopt the light transmission container of wherein installing a cold-cathode fluorescence lamp at least, thereby thermal loss that can be by reducing lamp and ambient temperature increase the luminous efficiency of lamp to the influence of lamp.The lamp of that at least one Zhi Anshe in this container has at least an electrode to be positioned at the outside of container.Because this container is used to reduce the thermal loss of lamp, if the electrode of the lamp that is installed at least in the container is not placed on the container outside, then the heat that electrode produced will cause that the temperature of lamp raises, thereby reduces the luminous efficiency of lamp.That electrode that lamp is had at least is placed on the container outside, and the temperature of lamp raises and just can diminish.
According to a kind of form that also has again of the present invention, be to adopt the light transmission container that wherein is installed on many cold utmost point electric discharge devices, each cold cathode discharge device purport comprises a cold-cathode fluorescence lamp at least.This container can reduce the influence to these equipment of the thermal loss of these many equipment and ambient temperature, to increase their luminous efficiency.A modular case is used for installing these equipment, so these equipment then are arranged as to the close neighbour array mutually, is used for display image.
According to extra a kind of form of the present invention, be to adopt a case to install the array that constitutes by cold cathode discharge device, this moment, each cold cathode discharge device comprised a cold-cathode fluorescence lamp all at least, with one that cold-cathode fluorescence lamp that comprises is at least installed light transmission container in it, thermal loss by reducing lamp and ambient temperature increase the luminous efficiency of that at least one lamp that comprises to the influence of lamp.
The favourable demonstration transport information of the present invention.Like this, according to another form of the present invention, be to adopt a reflection cavity that wherein is installed on a cold-cathode fluorescence lamp at least, a side of this reflection cavity has a light output window at least.In addition, also use a plate base to support the lamp of that at least one Zhi Anshe, thereby when being added with voltage on the lamp, this lamp just produce light output, shows that through the light output window traffic for information about.
According to another kind of form of the present invention, be to use the reflection cavity of wherein installing a cold-cathode fluorescence lamp at least, a side of this reflection cavity has a light output window at least.In addition, near the light output window, also used a light coacervation device, to change from the angular distribution of the light of window output and to increase the usage factor of the light that lamp the was produced output of that at least one Zhi Anshe.Add voltage on lamp, the output of light that this lamp produced is through the light output window, and by be located on the window the light beam condensing unit in addition optically focused show the relevant information of traffic.
According to a kind of form that also has again of the present invention, have at least a cold-cathode fluorescence lamp will make many difformities, as "+" shape, " X " shape, a kind of shape among the "T"-shaped grade, or make the shape that combines by these difformities, thus can be used to show transport information.Cold-cathode fluorescence lamp used herein can be launched monochrome, polychrome or redness, green and yellow light.At least install a cold cloudy fluorescent lamp in the light reflection cavity, this lamp is installed the light output window that part has determined that promptly reflection cavity delimited in a side of establishing the lamp part.In the light reflection cavity, there is a slice black substrate to be used for supporting cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, and also has the black eclipser of the topped light output window of a slice, be used for stopping and the absorbing environmental incident light.Near light output window place or its, an optical filtering is arranged, be used for regulating the color of lamp issued light, and the absorbing environmental incident light, to increase contrast.
According to form of the present invention, provide a cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit, it contains many cold-cathode fluorescence lamps that can control separately separately, and the device that applies operating voltage to those lamps, be used for controlling the fluorescence that these lamps are sent out, so that character display, figure or video image.The above-mentioned cold-cathode fluorescence lamp that those can be controlled separately separately can be used for a kind of like this display packing, promptly the signal of telecommunication of a few thing is received on the lamp, and control their fluorescigenic time intervals, thereby demonstrate character, figure, or video image.
Preferential embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit.It comprises some the cold-cathode fluorescence lamps of making rubescent look, green and the blue light of certain shape, and has the filter of some redness, green, blueness, some reflectors, base plate, the brightness and contrast increases panel, temperature control equipment, and the electronic driver of this equipment.The fluorescent lifetime of controlling cold-cathode fluorescence lamp according to picture signal at interval or the electric current of lamp, or the switching on and off of lamp with the brightness of the glimmering lamp of control cold cathode, adopted monochromatic, polychrome or panchromaticly come character display, figure and image.
In the another kind of form that the present invention also has, to plan to make the fluorescent tube of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp have part and one section enlarged areas part of one section elongation, those yardsticks in enlarged cross section are all than elongating the big of part, so that adapt to some larger-size electrode.These larger-size electrodes can provide the electronics of high quantity in cold-cathode fluorescence lamp.These larger-size electrodes also can reduce the generation of heat, thereby improve the life-span of display unit.
In many application, the light of wanting cold-cathode fluorescence lamp is launched focuses on or is targeted to a certain particular orientation.Therefore, the rear portion that is installed on the light transmission container of a cold-cathode fluorescence lamp within it at least is provided with one deck reflector.The reflector of light perspective container back can be spherical shape, and parabolic shape or ellipsoid shape are used for sky light and increase the brightness of equipment.
The luminous quantity of the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of lengthening is directly proportional with the length of lamp.For the purpose of throwing light on, can use long cold-cathode fluorescence lamp as much as possible.Very long lamp will occupy bigger space, and is not easy to use.Adopt one or many cold-cathode fluorescence lamps, wherein every light fixture has multi-spiral shape structure for this reason, or the multi-spiral shape structure that together is made of many cold-cathode fluorescence lamps.At this moment, have at least two electrodes and one or many lamps to be electrically connected, thereby when those at least two electrodes added voltage, this ray structure was promptly luminous.
When the temperature of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp is lower than its normal working temperature, wish the heat that lamp sent is preserved, so that lamp promptly reaches its normal working temperature.Therefore as mentioned above, plan one or many cold-cathode fluorescence lamps are enclosed in the light transmission container, to reduce thermal diffusion.Yet, particularly to work as lamp and work in high relatively electric power situation, lamp may reach so high temperature during operation, makes light temperature and lamp internal pressure raise, so that reduces the operating efficiency of lamp.So reduce the pressure and temperature in the lamp again.The applicant of this patent is exposed to one section certain-length of lamp in the environment of light transmission container outside, to allow preferably with thermal diffusion.In this preferential embodiment, lamp has one section to be to stretch outside light transmission container.Lamp is exposed in that section in the external environment like this can not contain electrode, thereby the thing that is comprised in this section lamp (may be mercury or inert gas) will allow that heat spreads effectively, and the pressure in the lamp will reduce, and has also improved the efficient of lamp simultaneously.
When the temperature of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp is lower than its normal working temperature, when for example starting, can supply more electric power to lamp, make the temperature rising of lamp and reach normal working temperature.In case reach normal working temperature, wish to reduce the quantity of the electric power that sends to lamp again.This point utilizes its impedance can reach easily with the circuit that temperature is made inverse variation.If power supply and cold-cathode fluorescence lamp are coupled together with this circuit, when the temperature of lamp is lower than a certain working temperature, the electric power that sends to lamp will be in higher level, when the temperature of at least one lamp raises, the impedance of this circuit increases immediately, thereby the quantity of the electric power received by power supply of at least one lamp can reduce.
Description of drawings
With reference to following detailed description, and get in touch those accompanying drawings and study, can do to understand better some other purpose of the present invention and the many advantages that accompany with it.Accompanying drawing comprises:
Fig. 1 (a), Fig. 1 (b) illustrate the packaging cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit that the spliced cold-cathode fluorescence lamp displaying block of a kind of usefulness is spliced into, and Fig. 1 (a) is the partial top view of this display unit herein, are used for illustrating preferential embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 1 (b) be among Fig. 1 (a) display unit, along the part side cutaway view of 1b-1b hatching.
Fig. 2 illustrates some embodiment of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp shape among the present invention.
Fig. 3 (a) is a kind of fragmentary cross-sectional view that has the display unit of reflecting element, cold-cathode fluorescence lamp and eclipser.
Fig. 3 (b) is the fragmentary cross-sectional view of a reflecting element and a cold-cathode fluorescence lamp.
Fig. 4 is an embodiment who has the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit of heating and temperature control equipment.
Fig. 5 has the fragmentary cross-sectional view of an embodiment that the brightness and contrast increases the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of panel.
Fig. 6 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view of the light-emitting component of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit.
The approximate route map of the drive circuit that Fig. 7 uses for the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp array that drives the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit.
Fig. 8 (a) is the approximate route map of the another kind of drive circuit of the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp array of driving cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit.
Fig. 8 (b) is for being used for the sequential chart of line work in the key diagram 8 (a).
Fig. 9 is for being used for the sequential chart of the another kind of method of work of circuit in the key diagram 8 (a).
The schematic circuit diagram of another kind of alternative drive circuit that Figure 10 (a) uses for the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp array that drives cold cathode fluorescent lamp device.
Figure 10 (b) is for being used for illustrating the sequential chart of circuit working among Figure 10 (a).
The approximate route map of a kind of different drive circuit that Figure 11 (a) uses for the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp array that drives the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit.
Figure 11 (b) is for being used for illustrating the sequential chart of line work among Figure 11 (b).
Figure 11 (c) (d), (e) is used for illustrating the approximate route map of a kind of improved drive circuit of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp in the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit.
Figure 12 is the schematic illustration that is suitable for replacing a kind of cold-cathode gas discharge lighting apparatus that conventional incandescent lamp uses, supporting facility herein is to be used for preventing that cold-cathode fluorescence lamp from taking place excessively to vibrate or clash into light transmission container, with explanation one embodiment of the present of invention.This equipment among Figure 12 has an electric connection, and its conventional two lamp base type electrical socket of can packing into matches.
Figure 13 is a kind of schematic illustration that has the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp gas discharge lighting apparatus of electric connection, is used for illustrating another embodiment of the present invention.This electric connection conventional spiral line type electrical socket of can packing into.
Figure 14 is a kind of profile of cold-cathode fluorescent gas discharge lighting apparatus, is used for illustrating another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 15 is a kind of schematic illustration that has the cold-cathode gas discharge lighting apparatus of a spirality cold-cathode fluorescence lamp and a driver, is used for illustrating another embodiment that the present invention also has.This driver can be higher-frequency electric power with 50 or 60 hertz power conversions.
Figure 16 is a kind of profile of cold-cathode gas discharge lighting apparatus, is used for illustrating another embodiment of the present invention.This lighting apparatus uses three cold-cathode fluorescence lamps to show redness, green and blue light respectively.
Figure 17 is a kind of schematic illustration of cold-cathode gas discharge lighting apparatus, and this equipment uses a bar printing wiring board and a driving exciter to cold-cathode fluorescence lamp supply electric power.
Figure 18 is a kind of schematic illustration of cold-cathode gas discharge lighting apparatus, is used for illustrating another embodiment more of the present invention.This equipment uses one and has spiral yarn shaped cold-cathode fluorescence lamp and driver that supports facility.
Figure 19 is a kind of schematic illustration of cold-cathode gas discharge lighting apparatus, is used for illustrating one embodiment of the present of invention.This equipment uses two " U " shape cold-cathode fluorescence lamp.
Figure 20 (a) is a kind of perspective view of cold-cathode gas discharge lighting apparatus, is used for illustrating another embodiment of the present invention.Figure 20 (b), Figure 20 (c) illustrate two kinds of possible shapes of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, and they can be used for the lighting apparatus among Figure 20 (a).
Figure 21 and 22 is respectively the schematic illustration of two kinds of cold-cathode gas discharge lighting apparatus, applies the electrode of voltage herein to cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, and wherein at least some electrodes are placed on its outside that contains the reflection cavity of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, so that thermal diffusion.
Figure 23,24 are respectively the schematic illustration of two kinds of cold-cathode gas discharge lighting apparatus, and this equipment has electrode, they contain the outside of the reflection cavity of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp within it, so that thermal diffusion additionally increases trigger electrode, so that electricity triggers the startup of control cold-cathode fluorescence lamp.
Figure 25 is a kind of display unit phantom, and this display unit is used the two-dimensional array of being made up of some cold-cathode fluorescence lamp gas discharge devices, and each gas discharge device all has the light transmission container that a cooling cathode fluorescent lamp is installed usefulness.
Figure 26 is the top view of display unit among Figure 25.
Figure 27 is the display unit similar with Figure 26, these independently cold-cathode fluorescence lamp do not have separately light transilluminator, but these independently light transmission container be to substitute with a large-scale light transmission container, these cold-cathode fluorescence lamps are all sealed and are installed in wherein.
Figure 28 and 29 is a schematic illustration of using the traffic information display device of many cold-cathode fluorescence lamps, is used for illustrating the present invention.
Figure 30 to 35 is the profile of the traffic information display device of many cold-cathode fluorescence lamps of use.
Figure 36 is the perspective view of an embodiment of traffic information display device among Figure 31.
Figure 37 and 38 is the perspective view of two kinds of different embodiment of traffic information display device among Figure 31, and they use three lens that separate, light optically focused and the focusing in addition from three different light output windows.
Figure 39 (a), 39 (b), 39 (c) are the schematic illustration of four kinds of different cold-cathode fluorescence lamp deployment scenarios with 39 (d), are used for showing four kinds of different traffic signals.
Figure 40 is a kind of profile of traffic information display device, is used for illustrating another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 41 (a) is a kind of profile of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, is used for illustrating another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 41 (b) and 41 (c) are respectively cold-cathode fluorescence lamp shown in Figure 41 (a), along the profile of hatching 41 (b)-41 (b) and 41 (c)-41 (c), are used for illustrating the two kinds of different realization situations of the embodiment among Figure 41 (a).
Figure 42 (a) is a kind of fragmentary cross-sectional view and part schematic illustration of cold-cathode gas discharge device, with the explanation another embodiment of the present invention.This electric discharge device uses spirality or a big little spirality cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, and each lamp has one section outside that reaches light transmission container.
Figure 42 (b) is a kind of fragmentary cross-sectional view and part schematic illustration of cold-cathode gas discharge device.As shown in Figure 42 (a), this electric discharge device also uses two spiralitys or a big little spirality cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, and lamp has one section outside of stretching in light transmission container, but the shape of light transmission container is roughly sphere herein.
Figure 43 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view and the part schematic illustration of a kind of traffic lights lamp socket and reflector, and their use is cold-cathode gas discharge device shown in Figure 42 (a), but herein, the only topped some of living the lamp rear portion in reflector.
Figure 44 is part schematic illustration and the fragmentary cross-sectional view with similar equipment shown in Figure 43, but the shape in the reflector on the lamp rear portion is different with the reflector shown in Figure 43 herein.
Figure 45 is the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp shown in Figure 42 (b), and the fragmentary cross-sectional view and the part schematic illustration of the traffic lights formed of traffic lights lamp socket and reflector.
Figure 46 (a) is a kind of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp and a kind of schematic illustration of supplying the circuit of electric power to fluorescent lamp, is used for illustrating another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 46 (b), 46 (c) are the schematic illustration of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp and some power circuits, are used for illustrating the embodiment of situation shown in alternative Figure 46 (a).
Figure 47 (a) is a kind of schematic illustration of image display device, is used for illustrating another embodiment that the present invention also has.Be included in a lamp group of forming by three cold-cathode fluorescence lamps in the light transmission container, with regard to a pixel of composing images display unit.The two-dimensional array that is arranged to by these many lamp groups can be used for display device images for this equipment.
Figure 47 (b) is the end view of image display device among Figure 42 (a).
Embodiment
Clear in order to narrate, every identical parts all are marked with identical number in the application's book.
Describe preferential embodiment of the present invention below in detail:
Invention in the application's book can be used for luminous and information display device, for example intersects prong display unit transport information in the street, and in some of TV and computer used some characters of display unit, and graph image.
In one embodiment, the present invention utilizes a brace that definite shape is arranged, and has the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp (" CCFL ") that parts such as panel are increased in a kind of special reflecting spare and brightness, and very high large-screen of brightness and jumbotron display unit are provided.This device can be used in some application of indoor and outdoor, even also can use by the daylight direct irradiation.The point brightness of character and graphics device can up to or be higher than 15,000 candela/metre2s.The mean flow rate of full-colour image display unit can up to or be higher than 5,000 candela/metre2s.The luminous efficiency of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp is relevant with the length of lamp, in 40 to 65 lumens/watt scopes.
In another embodiment, the present invention can be used to provide some long-life large-screens and jumbotron display unit.The life-span of this display unit, under the high brightness condition of work can up to or be higher than 20,000 hours.The present invention also can be used to provide the large-screen and the jumbotron display unit of some high-luminous-efficiencies, low power consumption.Its luminous efficiency can up to or be higher than 30 lumens/watt.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit of the present invention is introduced.
Cold-cathode fluorescent displaying device of the present invention has two kinds of patterns: the packaging and direct cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display type of using of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp displaying block.
Cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit structurally of the present invention can be a kind of single chip architecture or a kind of spliced structure.For the jumbotron display unit, often make spliced structure, promptly display screen is done as the array with some spliced cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display modules splicings.
Fig. 1 (a) and Fig. 1 (b) illustrate a kind of spliced cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit that is made of spliced cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display module.Fig. 1 (a) is depicted as the part top view by a preferential embodiment of spliced structure cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit provided by the present invention.101 parts of device are along the profile of hatching 1b-1b shown in Fig. 1 (b) presentation graphs 1 (a).101 parts of the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit shown in the figure comprise four spliced cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display modules.Each piece of these four spliced cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display modules contains some the cold-cathode fluorescence lamps of making definite shape, and they can send white or redness, green and blue light.Fig. 1 (a) is the panchromatic cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit that red, green, blue constituted.Pixel 103 is made definite shape by three, and the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of rubescent respectively look, green and blue light forms.Though it is not shown in Fig. 1 (a) and Fig. 1 (b), but generally one or more combination of pixels to just constituting a module together, one or more module combinations to just constituting a display screen together, are shown panchromatic character, figure and video image with it.The cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of rubescent look, green and blue light is equipped with the filter of redness, green and blue light respectively, its function is the purity that absorbs the heterogeneous light in the light that gas discharge sent of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp and improve color, improve the quality that image shows, and the contrast that improves shown image by the absorbing environmental incident light.In addition, the also available redness of the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of rubescent look, green and blue light, green and blue glass make that fluorescent tube improves color purity and the absorbing environmental incident light improves image contrast of display degree.
The shape of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp can be " U " shape, snakelike, annular or some other shape.For white or monochromatic the demonstration, pixel can be with the effigurate cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of a brace, or the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of many different colours constitutes.104 for installing the base plate of usefulness for some cold-cathode fluorescence lamps 102.Driver 105 and some other parts about 102 will be narrated below.106 is the black areflexia face between cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 102, is used for absorbing environmental incident light and increase the contrast of display image.107 is the electrode terminal of those cold-cathode fluorescence lamps 102, and herein, those electrode terminal are by curved towards the back side of base plate 104 (not shown), and the (not shown) that is connected with those drivers 105.108 is reflectors.109 is that a brightness and contrast increases panel.110 is the black eclipser, is used for the absorbing environmental incident light.111 are heating and temperature controller device, as sandwich, be clipped in and those cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 102 contacted heat-conducting plates 112 between, heat-insulation layer then contacts with black floor 104, heating and temperature control equipment 111 are near cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 102 herein, so that cold-cathode fluorescence lamp works in optimum working temperature, for example 30 ℃ to 75 ℃,, and obtain high-luminous-efficiency, high brightness and all capable of fast starting in any environment with the color homogeneity of raising brightness and display image.The spliced cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display module of a slice can have one or a few heat-conducting plate 112, guarantees that all cold-cathode fluorescence lamps all are operated in identical optimum temperature.Between heating and temperature control equipment 111 and base plate 104 is heat-insulation layer 113, is used for reducing thermal loss and reduces power consumption.
Fig. 2 illustrates some examples of the possible shape of the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 102 of making different shape.Shape 201,202 and 203 is for white or the monochromatic usefulness that shows, shape 204,205 and 206 use for polychrome and panchromatic demonstration.
Fig. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are that two kinds of reflecting elements are together with cold-cathode fluorescence lamp profile together.These two kinds of reflecting elements all are for those packaging cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit uses that are paved into spliced cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display module shown in Figure 1 together with lamp.301 is cold-cathode fluorescence lamp.302 is base plate.303 is reflecting element, and it is layer or film by high reflectance, for example aluminium or minute surface silver-colored or that other alloy is made, or the diffusion of high reflectance or scattering surface, for example Bai Se powder, plastics or paint.Reflecting element is used for light that cold-cathode fluorescence lamp is emitted, and reflection is to the onlooker who is positioned at 304, and 305 are many little eclipsers that are seated between the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, is used for the absorbing environmental incident light, to improve the contrast of display image.In Fig. 3 (b), reflecting element 306 is the films by high reflectance, and for example aluminium or silver or alloy film are made, and it is attached to the rear surface of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp.
Fig. 4 illustrates an embodiment of heat and temperature control equipment.401 is cold-cathode fluorescence lamp.402 is reflecting element.403 is base plate.404 is heat and temperature control equipment, and for example it is made by heating wire or Electric radiant Heating Film.406 is heat-conducting plate, and every spliced display module all has one or more heat-conducting plate 406, works in optimum temperature to guarantee those cold-cathode fluorescence lamps.407 is temperature sensor, and 408 then is the automatic temperature-adjusting control circuit, and it and transducer 407 and heating and temperature control equipment 404 are electrically connected.409 is thermal insulation layer, and its function is to reduce thermal loss or reduce power consumption.410 increase panel for the brightness and contrast.Between panel 410 and thermal insulation layer 409, be incubation cavity 411.Incubation cavity can be controlled at the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp optimum working temperature to temperature, for example 30 ℃ to 75 ℃.
Heater 404 also can be reduced to thermal air current.The whole display screen that this hot-air passes between panel and thermal insulation layer 409 flows.Some temperature sensors 407 and some control circuits 408 then are used to detect and control the temperature of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp incubation cavity.
Fig. 5 has the profile of an embodiment that the brightness and contrast increases the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit of panel.501 is cold-cathode fluorescence lamp.502 is reflecting element, and 503 for the brightness and contrast increases panel, and it comprises a cylindrical lens or a cylinder lens arrays 504 and some little eclipsers 507.The optical axis of lens is towards the onlooker.The light that is emitted by cold-cathode fluorescence lamp can be reflected away by reflecting element 502 effectively, and directive is positioned at onlooker's (not shown) of 505 by lens focus again, has so just improved the brightness and the effective luminous efficiency of display image.506 is base plate.507 for some little eclipsers that is seated in the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp top, is used for absorbing the environment incident light that comprises sunlight, to improve the contrast of display image.
The cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit of Fig. 6 for directly installing as light-emitting component with cold-cathode fluorescence lamp.Show that for monochromatic or white this device comprises effigurate white of a brace or monochromatic cold-cathode fluorescence lamp; For multicolor displaying, 601 comprise one group of polychrome cold-cathode fluorescence lamp at least; And for panchromatic demonstration, 601 cold-cathode fluorescence lamps that comprise one group of Red Green Blue at least then, as shown in Figure 6.602 is glass shell.More at large, 602 can be one by any light transmissive material, a container or shell of making of glass, plastics for example, substantially around cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, so the very big part of the light launched of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp can be gone out through shell or container 602 transmissions.603 is light fitting, and it and glass shell 602 sealings form a vacuum chamber 604.Another kind of situation also can charge into a certain gas in the chamber 604, for example nitrogen or a certain inert gas.605 is base plate, and cold-cathode fluorescence lamp promptly is fixed thereon.Base plate 605 is fixed on the light fitting 603, and its edge is connected with the inner surface of glass shell 602.In order to obtain good fixing and sealing effectiveness, between base plate 605, glass shell, light fitting and those cold-cathode fluorescence lamps, all be added with bonding material, for example vitrified bonding.As shown in Figure 6, the very big part of the light that cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 601 is sent, remove directly be mapped on the base plate 605 outside, all pass through glass shell 602 transmissions and go out, base plate 605 also has light reflective surface to reduce light loss.
If the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit is to be made by many lamps, for example be assembled into many cold-cathode fluorescence lamps, these cold-cathode fluorescence lamps are also fixed with each other with bonding material 606, and 608 is blast pipe, is used for discharging the gas in the vacuum chamber 604.609 is lamp holder, and it is secured on the lamp socket with fixing binding agent 610.611 is some electric connections of lamp.612 is the electrode of those cold-cathode fluorescence lamps; These electrode utilizations lead-in wire 613 is connected with lamp holder 609 with electric connection 611.Glass shell 602 can be a diffusing glass shell, obtains diffused light.Another kind of situation, glass shell 602 as shown in Figure 6 has a front portion 614 and rear portion 615.Anterior 614 is a transparent sphere or the sphere that can do diffusion, and rear portion 615 is for taper or near the shell of taper.The inner surface at glass shell rear portion 615 has reflectance coating 616, and the film of aluminium, silver or alloy for example is used for sky light and increase the brightness of lamp, sees over when the top from Fig. 6, and catoptric situation is shown in ray 617.Vacuum chamber 604 can reduce the thermal loss of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, thereby improves the efficient of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp.In addition, vacuum chamber also can be eliminated those that make the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp mis-behave because of ambient temperature and not wish the influence that takes place.Base plate 605 is a high reflectance plate, is used for sky light, to increase the brightness of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit.Those cold-cathode fluorescence lamps as shown in Figure 6 can be used for making monochrome, polychrome, full color display system, come character display, figure or some video images, and can be used for illumination.If cold-cathode fluorescence lamp only is used for illumination, then reflectance coating or layer 616 can save, and rear portion 615 or container 602 also can transmission light like this.
The shape of container 602 also can be done with shown in Figure 6 different, the sphere shown in the image pattern 13,15 for example, or as Figure 12, and cylindrical shown in 17 to 19, or as Fig. 6, the taper shown in 16 and 20 (a) as described below, even also can be made elliposoidal.
Fig. 7 is the schematic illustration of the drive circuit of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit.701 is cold-cathode fluorescence lamp.702 is AC/DC converter, and it can be converted to DC input voitage the alternating voltage of high pressure, high frequency (for example tens kilo hertzs), is used for driving cold-cathode fluorescence lamp.Mark X 1, X 2... be some scan lines.Mark Y 1, Y 2... for some columns according to electrode.An AC/DC converter 702 is used for driving a cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 701.Control the time interval that AC/DC converter is applied to the input voltage on the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp according to picture signal, i.e. the brightness of may command cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, and character display, figure and image.
Cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit shown in Figure 7 needs a large amount of AC/DC converter to drive these cold-cathode fluorescence lamps.In order to reduce the quantity of AC/DC converter, and reduce the cost of display system, can adopt a kind of method as shown in Figure 8, promptly drive delegation or one group of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp with an AC/DC converter.Fig. 8 (b) is for being used for further specifying the sequential chart of Fig. 8 (a) exciting circuit work.The 801st, some cold-cathode fluorescence lamps.802 is AC/DC converter.803 is some coupling capacitors, and mark is X 1, X 2... be some scan lines.Mark Y 1, Y 2... for some columns according to electrode.As a certain scan line, for example X 1, accessed (Fig. 8 (a), t ON) time, relevant AC/DC converter is just connected, and to the alternating voltage that this scan line output continues, is added in 804 on some scan lines as shown in FIG..This continuous voltage is lower than the starting resistor of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, thereby can not start those cold-cathode fluorescence lamps of this scan line.But after these fluorescent lamps had been activated, it can be kept fluorescent lamp and continue luminous.Because the starting resistor (for example, 1.5 kilovolts) of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp is far longer than continuous voltage (for example, 500 volts), thus when columns according to electrode on voltage when being zero, relevant cold-cathode fluorescence lamp can not be activated, and will stay in closed condition.When columns according to electrode Y 1, Y 2... when being coupled with phase reversal trigger voltage 805, relevant cold-cathode fluorescence lamp will be activated.This cold-cathode fluorescence lamp can be luminous, last till that always the AC/DC converter that conducts interviews accordingly is disconnected, shown in Fig. 8 (b), at t OFFThe position.Fluorescent lifetime t mCan control according to picture signal,, and show monochromatic or polychrome or panchromatic character, figure and image with the brightness of modulation cold-cathode fluorescence lamp.For example, trigger impulse 805 is in order to transmit a high-brightness signal 806, and fluorescent lifetime is t herein M1(=t OFF-t ON1); Trigger impulse 807 is for transmitting a low brightness signal 808, and fluorescent lifetime is t herein M2(=t OFF-t ON2) or the like.
Fig. 9 is shown with a kind of different method of work of drive circuit among Fig. 8 (a).901 with Fig. 8 (b) in 804 identical, be to pass through some scan line X 1, X 2... 902 and the scanning voltage that applies, and 904 be to apply Y according to electrode by some columns 1, Y 2... and the voltage on the data electrode that applies, its phase place is opposite with the phase place of scanning voltage 901.In other words, promptly the phase place of the phase place that has of voltage 902 and 904 and voltage 901 is opposite.When scanning voltage 901 and signal voltage 902 are added on the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp simultaneously, then be applied to the total voltage on the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, will be greater than making the luminous starting resistor of lamp this period.Turn-on time t M1And t M2, promptly fluorescent lifetime then depends on some picture signals, different t mHave different fluorescent lifetimes, shown in 903 and 905, that is different brightness, come character display, figure and image.
Figure 10 (a) is the approximate route map of the another kind of drive circuit again of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit.Mark X 1, X 2... be scan line.Mark Y 1, Y 2... for columns according to electrode.1001 is cold-cathode fluorescence lamp.1002 is AC/DC converter.1003 is switching ac voltage.Each row or one group of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp all have an AC/DC converter.When switch 1003 was connected according to picture signal, relevant cold-cathode fluorescence lamp was luminous, and character, figure and video image can show.In the case, because the starting resistor of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp is greater than continuous voltage, again must be with whole cold-cathode fluorescence lamps of delegation or same group at t as Figure 10 (b) mThe same time starts.Relevant AC/DC converter will be switched on and export bigger made cold-cathode fluorescence lamp starting resistor 1004 this moment.Therefore, when relevant switch connection, this moment, all were activated with cold-cathode fluorescence lamp that this AC/DC converter links to each other.After cold-cathode fluorescence lamp starts, this AC/DC converter will be exported lower continuous voltage 1005, and it is luminous to make that cold-cathode fluorescence lamp continues.The time t of switch OFFDepend on picture signal.In other words, by those opening times of control switch, can obtain different t opening time OFF, t for example OFF1And t OFF2Thereby, obtain different fluorescent lifetime at interval, for example 1006 and 1007, and can obtain different brightness 1008 and 1009 and come character display, figure and image.
Figure 11 (a) illustrates a kind of drive circuit of low switching ac voltage.Mark X 1, X 2... be scan line, mark Y 1, Y 2... for columns according to electrode.1101 is cold-cathode fluorescence lamp.1102 is the AC/DC converter of exportable low alternating voltage, and for example transducer is exported 10 volts separately, tens kilo hertzs alternating current.Every row or every group of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp all have an AC/DC converter.1103 are low switching ac voltage, and 1104 can become low alternating voltage high alternating voltage for transformer utilizes it.1105 is coupling capacitor.The excitation sequential chart is shown among Figure 11 (b).1106 is that scan line is when accessed, from the low alternating voltage of AC/DC converter output.1107 and 1110 is the alternating-current switch control voltage signal that comes according to electrode from columns, and the pointed display unit light intensity of the width of these voltage signals and picture signal is relevant herein.1108 and 1111 is the high alternating voltage output from transformer.1109 and 1113 are the waveform by the light that cold-cathode fluorescence lamp sent.When a certain alternating current switch is switched on, relevant transformer is promptly exported higher voltage 1114 and is started relevant cold-cathode fluorescence lamp.After cold-cathode fluorescence lamp started, transformer is promptly exported lower continuous voltage 1115,1116 made cold-cathode fluorescence lamp lasting luminous.When AC/DC converter 1102 is disconnected, as t OFFShown in, all accessed cold-cathode fluorescence lamps then all are disconnected.According to columns according to electrode Y 1, Y 2... on picture signal control turn-on time of alternating current switch, the brightness of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp can modulated character display, figure and the image of getting.
Cold-cathode fluorescence lamp works in high-frequency, and about tens kilo hertzs, operating voltage range is 200 volts to 3,000 volts.When some cold-cathode fluorescence lamps were not luminous, must executing higher voltage, that those lamps are begun was luminous, such starting resistor usually all scope be 200 to 3,000 volts the upper bound or the upper bound near.When cold-cathode fluorescence lamp be activated luminous after, just need apply the continuous voltage lower than starting resistor, it is luminous that lamp is continued, continuous voltage usually all the trend scope be about 200 to 3,000 volts lower bound, for example in 200 to 1,000 volts of scopes.
For with cold-cathode fluorescence lamp constituted, as Fig. 7,8 (a), two-dimensional array shown in 10 (a) and 11 (a) comes character display, figure and image, these fluorescent lamps must periodically switch on and off, so that can show text different or that moving, and/or image, and/or figure.The alternating current switch that can be operated in 200 to 3,000 volts of scopes is difficult to make, and the manufacturing expense costliness.Therefore, plan to adopt the transformer shown in Figure 11 (a), switch 1103 just need not worked under high like this voltage like this, consults Figure 11 (a), and the ac output voltage that AC/DC converter 1102 can be supplied with is lower than 100 volts, and frequency is tens kilo hertzs.The alternating voltage that transducer 1102 is supplied with is preferably in 5 to 100 volts, or in 20 to 40 volts the scope, if can be 24 to 36 volts of scopes then better, as for the frequency of the alternating voltage of being supplied with in 30 to 50 kilohertz range.Therefore those switches 1103 are operated in low like this voltage range.When switch 1103 adds suitable alternating voltage on corresponding transformer 1104, this corresponding transformer 1104 will become voltage in 200 to 3,000 volts of scopes, and will be luminous to start cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1101 and it is continued.
Figure 11 (c), 11 (d) and 11 (e) are the approximate route map of three kinds of drive circuits, are used for illustrating three kinds of extra embodiment of the excitation wires in the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit.Shown in Figure 11 (c), AC/DC converter 1122 is connected across on two leads 1119, and the voltage that applies is below 100 volts, and frequency is tens kilo hertzs.Shown in Figure 11 (c), transducer 1122 comprises a transformer 1122a who has secondary coil 1122a (s), this secondary coil applies low alternating voltage to two leads 1119, lead 1119 then is added in such voltage on the anode of pair of diodes 1128 successively, and every pair of diode all is used for controlling corresponding transformer 1124 and corresponding cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1121.Shown in Figure 11 (c), the intermediate point of secondary coil 1112 (s) is a ground connection.1128 two ends with the primary coil 1127 of corresponding transformer 1124 of the negative electrode of every pair of diode link to each other, and supply electric power by some capacitors 1125 to corresponding cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1121.Transducer 1122 has been seen as the two ends that are connected across secondary coil 1122a (s).But because the voltage of transducer output is alternating voltage, its polarity will be carried out cyclic variation with tens kilo hertzs frequency.Best, the frequency of such alternating voltage output is in 30 to 50 kilohertz range.Because the two ends of secondary coil 1122a (s) link to each other with the anode of every pair of diode,, be that the polarity of exporting with the alternating voltage of transducer 1122 has nothing to do so will be applied to voltage output on the primary coil 1127.For constituting complete circuit, the intermediate point 1127a of primary coil 1127 utilizes an electric conductor 1129 to join with ground through a corresponding switch 1123.It may be noted that with the polarity of transducer 1122 irrelevantly, electric current will flow through a section 1127 of primary coil, then from intermediate point 1127a, passes through lead 1129, switch 1123 inflow the earth again.Therefore, switch 1123 can be a dc switch, to substitute alternating-current switch.Providing some dc switchs to move display unit can further reduce cost.Be connected across the voltage on the primary coil 1127, have the identical order of magnitude with the output voltage that changes the commentaries on classics device.Such voltage can make it to be elevated to the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp operating voltage range with transformer 1124.
Although Figure 11 (c) illustrates to some embodiment shown in 11 (e), there are several anodes to link to each other with the output of some transducers 1122 to diode, it will be appreciated that this is not necessary.Therefore, each two anode to diode can connect to such an extent that have opposite polarity, thereby the negative electrode of these diodes all can be received on the transducer 1122, and their anode links to each other with those intermediate points 1127a of secondary coil, links to each other with the reference voltage that is higher than the earth (voltage) by switch 1123 then; Such circuit and other some variations are all within the scope of the present invention.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 11 (c), each is to the transformer lines of corresponding cold-cathode fluorescence lamp supply electric power, all have its corresponding pair of diodes 1128.In such embodiments, each group diode will only need be kept and make the necessary electric current of its corresponding cold-cathode fluorescence lamp work accordingly.Such embodiment will plan to use at this place embark on journey the in a large number cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of layout of 1119 pairs in some leads to conduct interviews and control.In the place of moving a small amount of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp with two leads, whole cold-cathode fluorescence lamps all are connected on these two leads, share shown in Figure 11 (d) that and can meet the demands shared diode 1128a.Therefore, shown in Figure 11 (d), only come to two leads, 1119 supply electric power with independent pair of diodes 1128a, 1119 in lead is used for to some cold-cathode fluorescence lamp supply electric power.
In order to substitute those diodes on the circuit path of being located between transducer 1122 and the primary coil 1127, also may image pattern 11 shown in (e) like that, between its corresponding switch of the primary coil of transformer 1124, put and establish pair of diodes, shown in Figure 11 (e), primary coil 1112b separated into two parts 1112 (1) and 1112b (2).One in this two-part each part of primary coil, one end and two leads 1119 links to each other, and the other end then links to each other with ground to a corresponding diode, lead 1129 and switch 1123 among the diode 1128b through that.Like this, in general, these those diodes to diode can be symmetrically or asymmetricly are placed on those outputs by transducer 1122, through transformer and corresponding switch thereof, lead to any place of the circuit path of the earth.Obviously, those intermediate points of the coil 1112a (s) in switch 1123 and some transducers 1122 are to link to each other with reference voltage, and needn't ground connection; Such circuit and other some variations are all within the scope of the present invention.Those transducers 1122 among the figure are to supply electric power by an AC power, for example from 110 volts of Utilities Electric Co. output, 60 hertz of alternating currents, such transducer also can comprise some rectifier (not shown)s, the alternating current masterpiece first order to power supply is changed commentaries on classics, electric power after the first order conversion is transferred out by the electric power that transducer further converts the low pressure high frequency to again.
Referring to figs. 12 to 15,17 to 19, the following description is with relevant with those cold-cathode fluorescence lamps that are used for lighting apparatus.Thereby plan employing container as seen in these figures is installed the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp in these lighting apparatus, surround with transmission light and these fluorescent lamps, make and these lamp issued lights except that a fritter area that needs because of the support lamp, can penetrate substantially along all directions.Being exactly that fritter area, also is can manage therefrom light to be reflected away.In other words, these containers itself can not contain reflecting surface.As shown in figure 12, lighting apparatus 1200 contains a cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1202a who is enclosed among the container 1204a, and this container can be used any light transmissive material, makes as glass or plastics.Cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1202a is king-size, and it has two terminals 1202 ' and 1202 ".Cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1202a installs and fixes with base plate 1206a, two terminals 1202 ' and 1202 in this place's cold-cathode fluorescence lamp " insert respectively in the hole that is complementary with them on the base plate; and also base plate is in a certain bonding material in its edge; and for example vitrified bonding is connected with the inwall of container 1204a, and it was once addressed more than situation.Container 1204a links to each other with lamp socket 1208a.Two electric connection 1210a are attached on the light fitting.Lamp socket 1208a also provides the spike of two finger-like or protrusion, they can with the spring lamp base electrical socket (not shown) of routine, for example those notch (not shown)s on the electrical socket of the common usefulness of some incandescent lamps are loaded into suitablely; These plugs are exactly two lamp foot sockets as you know.Have the electric connection 1210a and the finger-like spike of structure as shown in figure 12, lighting apparatus 1200 just can be packed in the conventional spring lamp base electrical socket adaptedly, and this socket has the notch that can be loaded into the finger-like spike.In this case, this lighting apparatus can be used for substituting conventional incandescent lamp, do not need to change socket structure, in the electrical socket of the routine of just can packing into.
Some place will be evacuated container 1204a and become vacuum chamber.Vacuumize and to be undertaken by blast pipe 1212.As mentioned above, cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1102a is placed in the vacuum chamber, can reduces the thermal loss of fluorescent lamp, keep the temperature that cold-cathode fluorescence lamp is in a certain rising, for example in 30 ℃ to 75 ℃ temperature range, this will increase the luminous efficiency and the life-span of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp.Another kind of way, also available certain gas as the inert gas is injected in the chamber, and seals with container 1204a.In this situation, be preferably between the chamber and atmosphere that is encapsulated in the container, can maintain an aperture, for example blast pipe 1212, thereby when gas expands because of variations in temperature and shrinks, unlikely damage container.Cold-cathode fluorescence lamp is placed in the gas that is encapsulated in the container 1204a, the thermal loss of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp can reduce to such an extent that this lamp is maintained at the temperature of a certain rising, for example in 30 ℃ to 75 ℃ temperature range, this temperature can increase the luminous efficiency and the life-span of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp.
Because cold-cathode fluorescence lamp extends, if lighting apparatus 1200 is used for means of transportation, equipment 1200 may be subjected to some vibration, and for example lighting apparatus is used for aircraft, and this vibration has big amplitude.Therefore; may plan to adopt certain to support facility; for example use a spring 1218; it preferably can couple together the inwall of the middle body of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp and container 1204a; like this; those vibrations of lighting apparatus 1200 will can not cause cold-cathode fluorescence lamp to be subjected to excessive burden or bump container.If without spring, then can adorn lamp to such an extent that contact simply with container 1204a, also can be cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, in the central part of leaving lamp but still that part between its two ends, adorn to such an extent that couple together with the inwall of container, they can both meet the demands.
Figure 13 is shown with the lighting apparatus of another kind of structure, and it can be used for substituting those incandescent lamps of common usefulness.Feng Youyi small cup cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1202b in container 1204b, this container is generally sphere, and with Figure 12 in the sort of lengthening or columniform container 1204a different.
Such in the image pattern 12, the two ends 1202b ' and the 1202b of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp " insert respectively in the hole that base plate 1206b goes up and they are complementary, base plate is glued to the inwall of container 1204b again, and its situation can be consulted Figure 12 just like above-mentioned.That link to each other with container 1204b is lamp socket 1208b, and it designs to such an extent that can pack into and have the electrical socket of spiral yarn shaped electric connection.Therefore lamp socket 1208 is done to such an extent that also have spiral yarn shaped conductive outer surface, the conventional electrical socket of the spiral type of packing into.Electric connection 1210b do to such an extent that can be fit to be complementary with it or accordingly, the electric connection that is positioned at conventional spiral line type electrical socket (not shown) bottom contacts.In addition, the chamber among the container 1204b can utilize blast pipe 1212 to be evacuated, or injects a certain inert gas through blast pipe 1212.Some leads, for example lead 1214 links to each other cold-cathode fluorescence lamp with electric connection 1210b and the electric connection on lamp socket 1208 helical outer surface.Like this, lighting apparatus 1220 can also be used to the replace incandescent spiral type electrical socket of packing into, and does not need to change the structure of original socket.
Figure 14 shows that another structure of lighting apparatus, it can be used to the replace incandescent conventional spiral type socket of packing into.Equipment 1240 is different with equipment 1220 in shape at container just.In addition, equipment 1240 and equipment 1220 are substantially the same.
Figure 15 is a kind of schematic illustration of lighting apparatus 1260, is used for illustrating another embodiment of the present invention.The same with lighting apparatus 1220,1240, lighting apparatus 1260 also is fit to replace incandescent, and plans to make its conventional spiral type socket of can packing into, and does not change the structure of those sockets.Lighting apparatus 1260 and lighting apparatus 1220 are different aspect following.Cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1202d has spiral-shaped, and with the lighting apparatus 1220,1240 shown in Figure 13 and 14 in " M " shape difference, in addition, lighting apparatus 1260 contains driver 1262.Some cold-cathode fluorescence lamps are generally worked under frequency is higher than 60 or 50 hertz alternating current situation, Utilities Electric Co.'s normal supply then be 60 or 50 hertz alternating current.Therefore, in lighting apparatus 1260, would rather contain a driver 1262, coming the frequency that Utilities Electric Co. supplied is that 50 or 60 hertz alternating current converts required operating frequency to, for moving cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, preferably frequency inverted in 30 to 50 hertz of scopes.Driver 1262 is that a part as lighting apparatus 1260 integral body provides, so be added to electric connection 1210b, and be added to voltage on lip-deep other electric connection of lamp socket 1208b external helicoid shape, do not need to be converted in advance high-frequency signal, therefore the lighting apparatus 1260 conventional electrical socket of can directly packing into, and the frequency that does not need Utilities Electric Co. is supplied to be 50 or 60 hertz alternating current do any change.Some leads, for example electric wire 1264 is used for driver is linked electric connection 1210b, and links on the electric connection on the helical surface of lamp socket 1208b.Some leads, for example 1214 in electric wire is used for a driver 1262 and is connected to cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1202d.
Figure 16 illustrates the lighting apparatus 1300 that another kind contains three " U " shape cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1202e, in these three cold-cathode fluorescence lamps, one is to be used for showing redness, one is to be used for showing green, also remaining one then is used for showing blueness, so lighting apparatus 1300 can be used to show some image." U " word shape of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, these three lamps have only one can see clearly in Figure 16, and other because see from the side, so their " U " word shape seems just not obvious in Figure 16.These three cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1202e are installed in the container 1204c, and the top of this container is generally sphere, and the bottom is roughly taper, the container as shown in above-mentioned Fig. 6.With the unit affinity shown in Fig. 6, the inwall of the tapering part of container 1204c also has reflectance coating 1302, is used for light that those cold-cathode fluorescence lamps send is reflexed to onlooker's (not shown).In these three cold-cathode fluorescence lamps each lamp all has a pair of electric connection 1210c, so these three cold-cathode fluorescence lamps can be controlled independently of one another.Like this situation, but lighting apparatus 1300 Be Controlled are used for showing a certain in the redness that itself possessed originally, green, the blue light, or show any light that combines of red, green, blue.
Figure 17 is the schematic illustration of lighting apparatus 1320, is used for illustrating another embodiment of the present invention.Lighting apparatus 1320 in many aspects with Figure 12 in equipment similar, the places different with equipment 1200 then are substrates 1322, for example are a bar printing wiring board, are placed on to be used for supporting driver 1262 in the container 1204a.Have the driver identical functions with the lighting apparatus 1260 of the above-mentioned Figure 15 of being used for during the operation of this driver, its converts alternating current of 50 or 60 hertz from Utilities Electric Co. to and is suitable for moving the required high frequency ac signal of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp.Electric wire 1214 is linked driver 1262 on the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1202a, and electric wire 1264 is then linked driver 1262 on some electric connection 1210a.This printed substrate and driver also have the surface of light reflection and optimize lighting apparatus 1320 and 1260 light that sent.
Figure 18 is again the schematic view of another kind of lighting apparatus 1340, is used for illustrating another embodiment of the present invention.Spiral-shaped cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1202f is installed among the container 1204f, and this container can be and is cylindrical shape.Spring 1218 is connected in the middle part between the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp two ends and is connected on some inwall of container; stablize the position of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, so the unlikely cold-cathode fluorescence lamp that causes of the vibration of lighting apparatus 1340 is subjected to undue burden or bump container at container.Insert respectively in the hole that is complementary with it on the base plate 1206f at the two ends of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, and driver 1262 then is used for 50 or 60 hertz alternating current from Utilities Electric Co. is converted to the High frequency power that the cooling cathode fluorescent lamp is used.Among Figure 18 the connection situation of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, driver and electric connection all with above-mentioned Figure 15 in similar.
Figure 19 is the schematic illustration of another kind of lighting apparatus 1360, is used for illustrating another kind of again embodiment of the present invention.Lighting apparatus 1360 contains two " U " shape cold-cathode fluorescence lamps, and insert respectively in the hole that is complementary with it on the base plate 1206g at its two ends, is used for these two cold-cathode fluorescence lamps are installed in the container.The working condition of the driver in the lighting apparatus 1360, and the situation of the connection of electric wire is all similar with those of above-mentioned lighting apparatus 1340, removing those two cold-cathode fluorescence lamps is outside coupling together with electric wire 1362.
Figure 20 (a) is a kind of perspective view of cold-cathode gas discharge device 1380, is used for illustrating one embodiment of the present of invention.Container 1204c is used for installing three cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1202h in it, herein, this container is made peace used identical among Fig. 6 greatly.If the occasion that electric discharge device 1380 uses, the light that requires the top of slave unit to send out has narrow visual angle, can load onto reflection layer at inwall that is contained in container or outer wall, is used for anaclasis to the direction of watching its situation identical with shown in Figure 16.If electric discharge device 1380 is to be used to the occasion of throwing light on, light roughly penetrates in all directions, and such reflector can dispense.Container 1204c connects hermetically and is located on the base plate 1206h, and each 1202h of three cold-cathode fluorescence lamps inserts respectively in those holes that are complementary with it on the base plate.Base plate 1206h can link to each other with two lamp base type lamp socket 1208a or the spiral type lamp socket as shown in Figure 12 to 19, makes the electrode that is arranged in these cold-cathode fluorescence lamp two ends be placed on the annular seal space of container 1204c or the outside of sealing.Those some electric wires 1384 of electric connection 1382 usefulness link to each other with the power supply (not shown).Base plate 1206h can link shown in Figure 18 to 19, on two lamp base type lamp socket 1208a or the spiral type lamp socket 1208b.Can comprise or can not comprise the occasion of driver 1262 at lamp socket, those electric wires 1384 link to each other with some electric connections of two lamp base types or spiral type joint, its situation identical with shown in Figure 12 to 19.The occasion that has requires that many electric equipment 1380 are arranged to a two-dimensional array and shows some character, figure and some images, and base plate 1206 can be connected on the module lamp socket case, as following shown in Figure 25.
The shape that these cold-cathode fluorescence lamps 1202h is had is represented more clearlyly at Figure 20 (b), because the luminous quantity that cold-cathode fluorescence lamp produces, that install in given space be directly proportional with length lamp, can adopt the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of being formed by two lengthening fluorescent tubes that parallel, this two parallel fluorescent tube links to each other in the end and forms a frame, and himself is crooked backward, to increase the length of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp in the container.
Figure 20 (c) be in the perspective view of a kind of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1202i, the shape that it had is identical with 1242h basically, but himself curved degree as 1207h.Obviously, utilize to become bent two parallel to each other, and the shape of formed some other cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of fluorescent tube that all links to each other of end all comprises within the scope of the invention.
When cold-cathode fluorescence lamp is worked, to add high relatively voltage thereon.Therefore, be connected across and cold-cathode fluorescence lamp on some electrodes between, generally significant voltage drop can take place.This voltage drop will produce heat, and the heat that is produced is directly proportional with voltage drop, and big voltage drop meeting makes the big heat of electrode generation.As noted above, some cold-cathode fluorescence lamps have higher luminous efficiency and long life-span, if they are operated in the temperature of a certain rising, for example in 30 ℃ to 75 ℃ temperature ranges.Therefore, cold-cathode fluorescence lamp is placed in the chamber of a sealing, and reduce the thermal loss of lamp and keep the temperature that lamp is elevated to, in this occasion, but chamber vacuum pumping or charge into a certain gas, for example nitrogen or any inert gas.Like this, if the electrode that cold-cathode fluorescence lamp is applied voltage is placed in the chamber of sealing, then the heat that electrode produced can make the temperature of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp rise, and exceeds its optimum working temperature scope.Therefore, the chamber outside that may plan electrode is placed on sealing, its situation is as shown in figure 21.
Consult Figure 21, the end 1202j ' of those cold-cathode fluorescence lamps 1202j extends through supporting bracket 1402, and this supporting bracket useable glass, pottery or plastics are made, the chamber outside that these lamp ends is exposed at be closed among the container 1204c.As shown in figure 21, each of those ends 1202j ' of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp is to be used to provide an electrode 1382, by electric wire 1384 link to each other with power supply (expressing among the figure).Utilize a kind of low-melting glass or binding agent (for example silica gel) 1404, come cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1202j ' is coupled together with the surface in those holes that are complementary of bottom support plate 1402.The electrode 1382 that is positioned at 1202j ' there, four ends like this is exposed at the chamber outside that is closed in container 1204c all, the heat that therefore more such electrode is produced will be diffused in the surrounding environment, and can not make the temperature that is placed on those cold-cathode fluorescence lamps in the sealed chamber, rise to such an extent that exceed required operating temperature range.Certainly, not that all ends of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp all need to be placed on the container outside; Above-mentioned such structure and radio-opaque distal marking all comprise in the scope of the present invention.
As mentioned above, and consult Fig. 8 (a), 8 (b) until Figure 11 (a), 11 (b) are although after cold-cathode fluorescence lamp is triggered the work of entering, go down to produce light in order to make lamp work, continuous voltage can be on lamp, applied, still the trigger voltage that is higher than continuous voltage will be on some cold cathode fluorescent lamp devices, applied but lamp is started.
If many used for cold cathode fluorescent lamp are in same electric discharge device, this moment, every cold-cathode fluorescence lamp all needed pair of electrodes, and the electrode and the electric wire of so big quantity connect together, and the equipment that will make is not easy to make and operation.Therefore, can make that two or many cold-cathode fluorescence lamps are common to use an electrode, with the quantity that reduces electrode with reduce and be used for the quantity of the electric wire that links to each other with electrode accordingly, thus the structure of simplification electric discharge device.Among Figure 22, per two cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1202k have two ends, and one of them end 1202k ' passes certain part that bottom support plate 1402 reaches the closed chamber outside in the container 1244c, and the other end 1202k " still be retained within the chamber.Though the electrode 1382 that end 1202k ' of each in two cold-cathode fluorescence lamps adopts to separate, but still have a common electrode 1422 to be positioned at the top of bottom support plate 1402, be used for two end 1202k to two cold-cathode fluorescence lamps " apply voltage.Common electrode links to each other with the power supply (not shown), so that utilize electric wire 1424 to equipment 1420 supply electric power.Although these two ends that help electrode 1422 and two cold-cathode fluorescence lamps contact, this also use possibly one little, and the gap that electric discharge device does not make significant difference separated two ends.Owing to admit of a so little gap, thus electrode 1422 and those ends 1202k " each other relative position do not need to do very accurately, so the structure of electric discharge device 1420 is simplified widely.Among the embodiment as Figure 21, electric discharge device 1420 at least some electrodes 1382 are that sealing in container 1204c or the outside of closed chamber, so that the heat that these electrodes produced promptly is diffused in the surrounding environment.
As mentioned above, although cold-cathode fluorescence lamp can be worked, but still a voltage higher than continuous voltage need be arranged under continuous voltage, it is well-known starting resistor, be added on the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp,, after this keep gas discharge with continuous voltage again so that luminous the lamp startup earlier.Those circuit structures in Figure 21 and 22, will need higher starting resistor and lower these two voltages of continuous voltage all cross-over connection with on a pair of electrode.In Figure 21, these voltages just are applied on some electrodes 1384 in two end cross-over connections of every cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1202j like this.In Figure 22, these voltages need cross-over connection to be applied on the common electrode 1422 and to locate cross-over connection at those ends of two cold-cathode fluorescence lamps 1202k ' to be applied on other two electrodes 1382.For convenience, also can additionally add one or more trigger electrodes, as shown in figure 23 in the applying of starting resistor and continuous voltage." locate additionally to be added with two trigger electrodes 1422, electric discharge device 1440 is identical substantially with electric discharge device 1420 among Figure 22 like this, except at those ends of two cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1202k 1202k.
When electric discharge device 1440 is in off-state when not luminous, the starting resistor cross-over connection is applied to those trigger electrodes 1442 and on some electrodes 1382 at two cold-cathode fluorescence lamp places, gas discharge is begun.After gas discharge begins, just add that across some electrodes 1382 of common electrode 1422 and two cold-cathode fluorescence lamps continuous voltage keeps gas discharge again.The starting resistor that cross-over connection this moment is applied on electrode 1442 and 1382 can disconnect.Those electrodes 1442 utilize some electric wires 1444 to link to each other with the power supply (not shown), so that to its supply starting resistor.
Electric discharge device 1460 shown in Figure 24 is except some end 1202k of two cold-cathode fluorescence lamps " two electrodes 1442 locating, with outside power supply (expressing among the figure) links to each other, the electric discharge device 1440 among it and Figure 23 is roughly similar by shared electric wire 1466.Use an independent common electrode 1422 in order to replace, and adopted in 1462, two cold-cathode fluorescence lamps of two electrodes of separating each each with one, between electrode 1442 and 1382, jump to cold-cathode fluorescence lamp to supply continuous voltage.In two electrodes 1462 each all utilizes electric wire 1464 to link to each other with the power supply (not shown).
The cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of a large amount of above-mentioned patterns can be arranged to an array and form a display unit, is used for showing quiet or moving some characters and image, and for example power supply is looked, and motion picture or computer show to be used.Figure 25 is the profile of display unit 1500 parts, and three electric discharge devices 1300 ' that adopt cold-cathode fluorescence lamp only are shown among the figure.These three electric discharge devices 1300 ', except these equipment 1300 ' be not divide open equipment separately, and not outside some lamp sockets of equipment 1300, the electric discharge device 1300 among they and Figure 16 is similar.The bottom of those containers 1204c of these three equipment 1300 ' is connected with module case 1502, this case then is used for installing this numerous electric discharge device 1300 ', thereby these electric discharge devices form two-dimensional array as shown in the figure, be suitable for demonstration quiet and moving image and character, for example in some application of TV, motion picture or computer.Those containers 1204c and case 1502, available low-melting glass or another kind of suitable binding agent connect.
Modular case 1502 can comprise a top board 1504, has the hole that the bottom of the container 1204c of some and equipment 1300 ' is complementary on the top board.When these equipment have inserted top board 1504 and with after it links to each other, have been positioned at the electrode of some ends of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, just can utilize some electric wires 1214 and link to each other with some drivers 1262.Each of per three cold-cathode fluorescence lamps in each of these electric discharge devices 1300 ' is propped up, and is promptly controlled and supply electric power separately individually by these drivers 1262.Three cold-cathode fluorescence lamps in each of these electric discharge devices 1300 ' preferably like this, wherein have one can show ruddiness, and another shows blue light, and also remaining one shows green glow.With after some drivers 1262 have been connected, top board 1504 is attached in the shallow slot 1506 just composition module formula case 1502 in these electric discharge devices 1300 '.Each of electric discharge device phase close neighbour between, a dividing wall or eclipser 1508 are preferably arranged to improve contrast.
Figure 26 is the top view of electric discharge device 1500 among Figure 25, but in the figure for graphic simplicity, those dividing walls 1508 have omitted.Display unit 1500 as shown in figure 26 contains the array that a capable M of taking advantage of of N that is made up of some electric discharge devices 1300 ' is listed as, and M and N are positive integer herein.As already pointed out, each electric discharge device 1300 ' all contain three cold-cathode fluorescence lamps is used for red-emitting, green glow and blue light.These three cold-cathode fluorescence lamps can utilize driver 1262 to control, and make it only to send certain monochromatic light, or send the light of two or three different colours according to priority, perhaps send a kind of light of combination simultaneously.The visit of the capable M of the taking advantage of column array of this N and control available Fig. 8 (a), 8 (b) ..., Figure 11 (a), any among Figure 11 b in all schemes carries out.
Shown in Figure 25 and 26, each electric discharge device 1300 ' all contains the container 1204c of oneself, keeps in the scope that three cold-cathode fluorescence lamps are in 30 ℃ to 75 ℃ of required working temperatures.In order to replace those containers that each electric discharge device uses separately separately, also might supply the electric discharge device container 1204c of usefulness dismounting separately separately to those, and base plate 1206e directly is attached on the top board 1504.So the whole cold-cathode fluorescence lamps in the array of the capable M of the taking advantage of row of this N are all enclosed in the top slot 1522,1522 of this top slots are complementary with the bottom slot 1506 that is used for encapsulating the whole cold-cathode fluorescence lamps of electric discharge device, to prevent the thermal loss of those cold-cathode fluorescence lamps, with prevent the influence of environment to those cold-cathode fluorescence lamps, therefore, the temperature of those cold-cathode fluorescence lamps is maintained in desired 30 ℃ to the 75 ℃ operating temperature range.The display unit of revising like this 1520 as shown in figure 27.As previously mentioned, the chamber that is sealed by top slot 1522 can be evacuated, or is filled with nitrogen, or is filled with a certain inert gas.Like this, the pixel that each in some display unit 1540 just is made of three the lamp groups that cold-cathode fluorescence lamp constituted that can send redness, green and blue light, so each of display unit 1520 all can contain the capable M of the taking advantage of row of a N pixel.
Cold-cathode fluorescence lamp electric discharge device of the present invention also can be used for showing transport information, for example is installed in intersections of streets mouth, tunnel, highway arterial highway, rail spur mouth place, or shows highly necessary that in one the place of transport information is as traffic lights.This display unit is shown among Figure 28 to 40.
As shown in figure 28, traffic information display device 1600 contains a cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1602 that is placed in the chamber 1604, and lamp also just partly is enclosed in the slot 16 06, and the inwall of slot also has the light reflecting element.Slot 16 06 is attached on the substrate 1608, and with suitable and supporting construction, for example the lamp stand with intersections of streets mouth place is connected.
As shown in figure 29, traffic information display device 1602, removing the bigger and envelope of its slot 16 06 ' has two cold-cathode fluorescence lamps 1602, and with only contain a cold-cathode fluorescence lamp outside bigger chamber 1604 ' interior is different, the transport information equipment 1600 of it and Figure 28 is similar.
In many occasions, for example show transport information at the intersections of streets mouth, show in certain big angular field of view that this information will be only need be looked from view direction.Therefore, preferably the light that cold-cathode fluorescence lamp is sent is to some directions reflections, and only is not confined to those directions in the angular field of view, so the light that reflects the like this direction that will lead and need watch.For this purpose, each of these reflection cavities all structure must also have a light output window towards view direction, as shown in figure 30.Like this, slot 16 42 wall within it has a slice light reflection surface, and also has a light output window 1644 towards view direction 1646.For the photoconduction that further cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1602 sent to view direction, slot 16 42 is connected with reflecting surface (some reflectings surface) at light output window place, the reflecting surface at this place (some reflectings surface) has the inner surface 1648a of light reflection.
The traffic displaying apparatus 1660 of Figure 31, remove extra employing a slice lens 1662, the light of further collecting cold-cathode fluorescence lamp and the being sent line focusing of going forward side by side, with utilize reflecting surface (some reflectings surface) 1648 that light is reflexed to view direction 1646, the traffic displaying apparatus 1640 of it and Figure 30 is roughly the same.Like this, lens 1662 and reflecting surface (some reflectings surface) 1648 just hold together the light focusing collection jointly, through output window 1644 and the directive view direction, or penetrate by view direction in the fixed a certain angular field of view.Thereby lens and reflecting surface (some reflectings surface) just constitute a light beam condensing unit.
The traffic information display device 1680 of Figure 32 is removed this device 1680 and is contained two cold-cathode fluorescence lamps and substitute outside one, and the traffic information display device 1660 of it and Figure 31 is roughly the same.
Figure 33 is the schematic illustration of transport information equipment 1700.Traffic information display device 1700 is removed this equipment 1700 and is also contained outside one deck fluorescent material, and the traffic information display device 1660 of it and Figure 31 is roughly the same.This layer fluorescent material is within cylindrical cold cathode fluorescent lamp 1602, when the ultraviolet light photoimpact just produces light to fluorescent material.In addition, traffic information display device 1700 also contains another reflection layer 1704, and this reflector is used for light is reflexed to view direction 1746 through another output window 1706 between phosphor layer and cold-cathode fluorescence lamp.Reflector 1704 does not constitute a complete cylinder, but it has an output window 1706, aligns with the output window 1644 of slot 16 42, and faces view direction 1646.
The traffic information display device 1720 of Figure 34, removing this device 1720 contains extra one deck and is positioned at the phosphor layer 1722 that is roughly on columniform cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1602 inner surfaces, with another outside the reflection layer on the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp outer surface 1724, the traffic information display device 1660 of it and Figure 31 is roughly the same.Reflection layer 1724 on the outer surface does not all surround cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, and leaves an output window 1726.Output window 1644 alignment of this window and slot 16 42, and face view direction 1646.Like this, the ultraviolet light that cold-cathode fluorescence lamp sends can cause that phosphor layer produces light, and the light that phosphor layer and cold-cathode fluorescence lamp sent is reflected away by the inner surface of reflection layer 1724, is incident upon view direction 1646 through output window 1726 and 1644.
The traffic information display device 1740 of Figure 35, remove this device 1740 contain one extra, outside the shell 1742 between cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1602 and the slot 16 42, the traffic information display device 1660 of it and Figure 31 is roughly the same.Thereby shell 1742 seals out a chamber 1744.Consult Figure 35, in this chamber of making 1744, so long be evacuated it or charge into nitrogen by shell 1742, or inert gas, or the suitable gas of other type, thermal loss reduced; This has also increased the luminous efficiency of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp and has made cold-cathode fluorescence lamp be easy to start.
Figure 36 is the perspective view of an embodiment 1660 ' of the traffic information display device 1660 of Figure 31, and lens 1662 ' are cylindrical herein, and reflecting surface (some reflectings surface) contains two flat horizontal surfaces 1648 '.The traffic information display device 1760 of Figure 37 is another embodiment of the traffic displaying apparatus 1660 of Figure 31, remove this equipment 1760 and adopted three spheres, the lens 1662 of parabola or ellipsoid " and outside different with cylindrical lens 1662 ', it and traffic information display device 1660 ' are similar.With those lens 1662 " close neighbour's reflecting surface 1648 mutually " be taper, and different with those the flat reflectings surface 1648 ' among Figure 36.Output window 1644 " be circular so that and those taper reflectings surface 1648 " be complementary, different with the lengthening slit 1644 ' of Figure 36 in shape.When the light that requires different colours shows through three lens 1762, can adopt three different, can send the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of redness, green and sodium yellow respectively, substitute that independent cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1602.
The traffic information display device 1780 of Figure 38, removing lens 1662 is square or rectangular rather than round, those reflectings surface 1648 make pyramid with square or rectangular cross section and with traffic information display device 1760 in circular or oval cross section is different, and those output windows 1644 are outside square or rectangular rather than ellipse or the circle, and the traffic information display device 1780 of it and Figure 37 is roughly the same.
Figure 39 (a), 39 (b) 39 (c) and 39 (d) illustrate four kinds of difform traffic information display devices, and wherein each equipment all contains the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp more than two or two, is used for illustrating another embodiment of the present invention.Therefore, display unit 1800 contains two cold-cathode fluorescence lamps 1802, is used to show the flechette-type traffic signals.The display unit 1820 of Figure 39 (b) is for being used to show another embodiment of flechette-type traffic signals.The display unit 1840 of Figure 39 (c) is to be used for showing circular traffic signals, and the display unit 1860 that contains three cold-cathode fluorescence lamps then is to be used for showing two flechette-type traffic signals of pointing to different directions; This two signal will demonstrate and matched traffic direction of these time at different time.
Figure 40 is the schematic illustration that comprises the traffic displaying apparatus of two kinds of display unit 1660 shown in Figure 31; Although once addressed above some other the display unit, but available some display unit shown in Figure 32 to 38 substitute.Display unit 1660 is to be supported on the base plate 1902, and a driver 1904 also is housed on this base plate, is used for providing electric power to this display unit 1660.Base plate 1902 is contained in the container 1906, and this container then has a slice and is positioned at top exhibition and stretchs out the wall 1906 (a) that comes and be used as eclipser, makes these equipment 1660 cresteds, so as not to be subjected to daylight direct irradiation, or be subjected to the irradiation of other surround lighting.A filter 1908 can be installed the contrast of improving color purity and improving the light that is sent by display unit 1660.
Except the shape of utilizing some cold-cathode fluorescence lamps to be combined into shows Figure 39 (a) those traffic signals in 39 (d), utilize the combination of some cold-cathode fluorescence lamps to arrange to form some other shape, for example straight line, square, "+" shape " X " shape is "T"-shaped or a certain shape of being made up of above shape.Be used for catoptrical reflector, consult the above, appear at slot 16 06, on 1606 ', and the inwall of slot 16 42, reflecting surface 1648a, reflector 1704,1724, and other some reflector and reflecting surface were all described, see also some other accompanying drawing of present patent application, the reflector can be made of the powder of high reflectance, this powder contains three oxidations, two tantalums, magnesium oxide, alundum (Al, silver or a certain alloy, perhaps is made of the film that contains silver, aluminium or a certain alloy.Contain the occasion of glass tube at cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, this reflector can be placed on the inner surface or the outer surface of glass tube, forms the part of lens, the usage factor of the light that further increases cold-cathode fluorescence lamp and sent.For some application, a cold-cathode fluorescence lamp can comprise a coloured glass pipe, improve cold-cathode fluorescence lamp the colouristic properties and the absorbing environmental incident light of the light that goes out, thereby increase the contrast of display degree.
At slot 16 06, the thermal insulation layer that one deck of installing in appearance of 1606 ', 1642,1766 and 1786 is similar to the heat-insulation layer 113 of Fig. 1 (a) is favourable.This insulating barrier makes cold-cathode fluorescence lamp in low temperature environment, also carries out gas discharge than being easier to start.Although those slot 16s 06,1606 ', 1642 are shown as cylindrical, they had can catoptrical inner surface, can be sphere shape, ellipsoid shape, square or paraboloidal.
Figure 28,29 substrate 1608 and the substrate 1902 of Figure 40, they preferably have the surface of high absorption coefficient and come the absorbing environmental incident light.These substrates can be with a coarse black plate, or constitutes with the black plate of a porous.Light reflection surface (some light reflection surfaces) 1648a can be made of a minute surface or the reflecting surface that can do diffusion.Those reflection cones 1648 of Figure 37 " can be circle or ellipse, and those lens 1662 " can be sphere, elliposoidal or pancake.Those reflectings surface or reflection cone 1648 ', 1648 ", 1648 and those lens 1662 ', 1662 ", 1662 useable glass, plastics or air constitute.
In the above, an available minute surface or the reflecting surface that can do diffusion are made light reflection surface, and the reflecting surface that can do diffusion herein is to make with the powder with high reflectance.In addition, the light that sends from cold-cathode fluorescence lamp reflexes to output window, and also available total internal reflection is finished.Therefore, maybe can make the reflecting surface of diffusion in order to substitute used minute surface, a kind of way is the interface that utilizes between two kinds of light media with different refraction coefficients, thus by light that cold-cathode fluorescence lamp sent at the interface place through full internal reflection, be directed to output window up to such light.
In order to constitute as Figure 38 (a), utilized the combination of some cold-cathode fluorescence lamps to those traffic signals shown in 39 (d).These cold-cathode fluorescence lamps can send monochrome, polychrome or redness, green and yellow light.Reflection cavity 1642 is chambeies sealing or that almost seal, the cross-ventilation that does not come from the outside, chamber basically in the chamber.Have difform slot 16 42 and narrated as above, this slot preferably is sealed, and makes that the electric discharge device be used for showing transport information can waterproof, and will not be subjected to the influence of humidity or rain.
One of problem that is run in the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp design is that the luminous efficiency of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp is for the highest when the diameter of lamp is about 2 millimeters., have such diameter, and the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of the uniform fluorescent tube of size only may adopt some thin electrodes.The electrode that these are thin, its surface area is also little.The quantity of the electronics that the brightness of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp then depends on these electrodes and produced, and the surface area of electrode is big more, the quantity of the electronics that it produced is also many more.If the surface area of these electrodes is little, then only can cause the light emission by a spot of electronics.So these thin electrodes have just limited the light intensity that lamp produced.
In addition, the border between inherent electrode of fluorescent tube and the gas medium also has resistance.Across the resistance of such interface, thin electrode also will be than thick electrode height.When through the electric current of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp for being given as certain set point, the size that is converted into the electrical power of heat because of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp is directly proportional with the resistance at interface place, thus thin electrode can cause high power consumption, and makes the rising of cold-cathode fluorescent light temperature.At high temperature, the glass material of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp fluorescent tube may leak gas and/or decompose, thereby makes the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp poor durability, thereby the life-span is also shorter.In addition, under the situation of the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of thin fluorescent tube, the distance between those electrodes and the fluorescent tube material is also little, this just raising from the heat transmission of electrode to the fluorescent tube material, thereby make gas leakage problem and resolution problem serious increasingly.
Figure 41 (a) is the profile of a cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, is used for illustrating another embodiment of the present invention.Figure 41 (b), 41 (c) are respectively along hatching 41 (b)-41 (b) with along the profile of hatching 41 (c)-41 (c), are used for illustrating two kinds of different implementation procedures of the embodiment of Figure 41 (a).
In order to overcome those above-mentioned shortcomings, the applicant of this patent proposes to use the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp design shown in Figure 41 (a).Shown in Figure 41 (a), cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 2000 contains one by an elongation part 2002a, and the fluorescent tube of preferably being organized by two amplifier section 2002b 2002.Elongate the transverse cross-sectional size (for example diameter) of part 2000a, preferably can have the numerical value that cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 2000 efficient are increased.For example, the transverse cross-sectional size of elongating part 2002a can be in 1 to 8 millimeter scope, and is preferably in 2 to 4 millimeters scopes.Two amplifier section 2002b can be suitable for those electrodes large-size, that dress is not entered in elongating part 2002a.Therefore some sizes in the cross section of amplifier section 2002b are bigger than those sizes of elongating part 2000a.Among the preferential embodiment of the present invention, some sizes in the cross section of amplifier section 2002b can be up to 10 times of those sizes of elongating part 2002a.
According to above-mentioned and be shown in design among Figure 41 (a), some electrodes 2004 can up-sizing, comes emitting electrons so that bigger surface area to be provided, and reduces in the fluorescent tube 2002 resistance across those borders between electrode and the medium.This has just increased the electron amount that these electrodes produced, thereby also increases the total brightness of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 2000.Low resistance across electrode/dielectric boundaries, also reduced the heat that cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 2000 is produced, thereby cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 2000 total moisture contents are descended, and these electrodes also can separate to such an extent that more open with the 2002b of fluorescent tube portion that amplifies, and reduce the heat that passes to fluorescent tube.Consequently cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 2000 is lower in the temperature that work the time is subjected to fluorescent tube material (for example glass), thereby has also just reduced the gas leakage of fluorescent tube 2002 and the glass material of fluorescent tube 2002 decomposes, so make the ILS of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 2000.
Inner surface at fluorescent tube 2002 scribbles one deck luminescent substance 2006, for example fluorescent material.When the mercury molecules strike in those electronics that some electrodes 2004 are produced and the fluorescent tube reason mechanism 2002, may make the mercury molecule be in a kind of shape that excites.When being in the mercury molecule that excites shape and falling to returning low-energy state, these mercury molecules just send ultraviolet light.When such ultraviolet light struck luminescent substance layer 2006, luminescent substance was just launched visible light, was used for throwing light on or being used for demonstration.Electric wire 2010 is used for making the electrode emitting electrons to those electrodes 2004 supply electric power and electric currents.
Can charge into a certain inert gas in the chamber that fluorescent tube 2002 is made 2008, for example argon or xenon, and mercury.Fluorescent tube 2002 amplifier sections can have ring-type cross section 2002b ', and those electrodes 2004 can have ring-type or circular cross section 2004 ', the ring-type cross section of the amplifier section 2002b ' of fluorescent tube 2002, and the circular cross section 2004b ' of some electrodes 2004 herein all is shown among Figure 41 (b).In addition, in some applications, for example the flat horizontal surface display unit is in order to reduce the thickness of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, can adopt oval-shaped profile fluorescent tube 2002 ", some electrodes 2004 " then have the cross section of flat pattern, these are shown in Figure 41 (c) all.In Figure 41 (c), some electrodes 2004 " have a cross section of flat pattern.Fluorescent tube 2002 " also can have " flat pattern " and do not make elliptical shape, so that reduce the thickness of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp; Like this, in " flat pattern " like this, fluorescent tube 2002 " along the size of Y-axis,, see also Figure 41 (c) less than its size along X-axis.
Although in the preferred embodiment shown in Figure 41 (a), fluorescent tube 2002 has two amplifier sections, be used for installing two electrodes, this also may adopt the fluorescent tube that only has an amplifier section, two electrodes promptly are placed in this amplifier section, for example one has the annular fluorescent tube that can install the amplifier section of two electrodes in it, and separate with insulation board or insulating barrier at those two electrodes of amplifier section this moment, so that electric current flows between two electrodes through the annular fluorescent tube.Such structure and other some variations all are included within the scope of invention.
The luminous quantity of the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of lengthening is directly proportional with its length, therefore, for given, also be convenient in user's the volume or size, make the luminous quantity maximization of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, with planning the length of lamp is minimized, thereby can in given like this volume, lamp be installed into.A kind of particularly advantageous shape that can be used for the lengthening cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of this kind purpose is spirality or a big little spirality, shown in Figure 15 and 18.Use for some, though some light fixtures just like the shape shown in Figure 15 and 18, but still can not satisfy the requirement of size of given lamp.For this reason, plan to adopt many helicals or spiral yarn shaped cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, shown in Figure 42 (a).Shown in Figure 42 (a), cold cathode discharge device 2100 contains two spiralitys or a big little spirality cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 2101a and a 2101b, and these two lamps all are enclosed in the container 2102.Obviously, also can use more than two such lamps.The lamp 2101a and the 201b of these two (or more than two) constitute the ray structure with multiple helical or helix together.In addition, an independent lamp also can have similar with it structure, promptly this lamp make multi-spiral shape or one big one little spiral-shaped.Such shape and ray structure and other some variations all comprise within the scope of the present invention.Container 2102 has an anterior 2102a, and it is the transparent sphere that maybe can do diffusion, and a rear portion 2102b, has reflector 2103 on the inner surface at rear portion.Rear portion 2102b and reflector 2103 boths can be roughly parabolic shape, so that the anterior 2102a of light utilization that lamp 2102a and 2101b are sent focuses on or optically focused.In addition, rear portion 2102b and reflector 2103 can be roughly sphere or ellipsoid shape.These two lamp 2101a and 2106b utilize base plate 2104 to come installation in position, and this base plate 2104 has the hole that some and lamp are complementary, and as shown in the figure, is used for installing this two lamps.Base plate 2104 constitutes an integral body with atubular extension thing 2107, so that more securely those lamps are installed, and the part of the blackout of those lamps is hidden the onlooker.Utilization is placed on the position mutually suitable to reflector 2103 to these two, and for example the put-focus point of lamp place, these two light that lamp sent can be by optically focused or focusing, with the purpose that is fit to illumination or shows.
When cold-cathode fluorescence lamp works in high electric power, the temperature maintenance that the heat that it produced can make this cold-cathode fluorescence lamp is in 50 ℃ to 60 ℃ normal range of operation the time, also can not use container to hold cold-cathode fluorescence lamp and reduces thermal diffusion.For some such application, container 2102 can save.Because the working temperature of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp is more much lower than incandescent lamp, therefore save container, can not bring danger for users and clients yet.
As mentioned above, when the temperature of these two lamps is lower than its normal working temperature of 50 ℃ to 60 ℃, utilize the method that lamp is covered in the container 2102 to reduce thermal diffusion with planning.Container 2102 can be made the chamber of a vacuum, or is filled with the chamber of air or other gas., when these lamps are operated under the high electric power, these lamps can produce very big heat, thus make mercury in the lamp (or other material, for example a certain inert gas) pressure for lamp effectively work seem too high.Therefore, one section 2106 of lamp 2101a, the hole on the process base plate 2104 reaches the outside of container 2102, and the heat that makes lamp 2101a be produced can more effectively be diffused in the surrounding environment.Because interelectrode gas discharge also produces heat, for optimal results can be arranged, avoid an electrode 2178 (being shown among Figure 43) to put to such an extent that be positioned at this section 2106 plans; Otherwise the thermal diffusion function of this section 2106 will weaken widely.This of lamp section 2106 length of stretching out in the container outside preferably are not less than 1 millimeter, preferably are longer than 1 millimeter.The electrode (not shown) of these two lamps is connected on the driver 2109 with some leads 2112, and this driver is then linked the conductive outer surface 2108 of spirality of lamp with some electric connections 2111 and linked on the electric connection 2120 of lamp.Electric connection 2120 is to be used for being connected with conventional spiral type plug (not shown).
Figure 42 (b) is the part schematic illustration and the fragmentary cross-sectional view of cold-cathode gas discharge device 2100 ', is used for illustrating another embodiment of that discharge gas equipment among Figure 42 (a).The gas discharge device 2100 ' of Figure 42 (b) and gas discharge device 2100 differences of Figure 42 (a) are at container in shape, and the shape of container 2102 ' is roughly sphere.
Figure 43 is a cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 2200, and the fragmentary cross-sectional view of traffic lamp socket and reflector, is used for illustrating another embodiment of the present invention.This cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 2200 is the improvement to the gas discharge device 2100 of Figure 42 (a).The cold-cathode gas discharge device 2200 of Figure 43 and gas discharge device 2100 differences of Figure 42 (a), be the degree of depth A that the reflector of gas discharge device 2200 has, and only can be topped firmly the top 2202b at the rear portion of container 2202, left bottom 2202c is still transparent, the light that makes lamp 2101a be sent can pass through this transparent part, by traffic lights lamp socket and reflector 2213, as light 2217, reflect away again.By the light that reflective layer reflects is gone out, seeing over will be as light 2216.Directly can pass through anterior 2202a by the light that lamp sent, as light 2215 transmission go out.Filter 2214 (for example coloured glass or plastics) is used for improving the color purity of the light of being launched and filters the light that comes from surrounding environment to improve contrast.Equipment 2200 and equipment 2100 differences are that a section 2219 of lamp 2210b ' also is the outside that extends to container, improve thermal diffusion.
Figure 44 is a kind of schematic illustration of gas discharge device.This equipment is removed the reflector of being made up of the circular rings that by the twice degree of depth is B and C above the rear portion of lamp, and it is topped to be used for a rear portion 2302b and 2303d, and the part 2302c that stays is still for outside transparent, and the equipment of it and Figure 43 is similar substantially.Therefore, the light that part 2302c from behind transmits is reflected away as light 2317 by the lamp socket of traffic lights and reflector 2213 then.Remove these differences, equipment and the equipment among Figure 43 of Figure 44 are substantially the same.
Figure 45 be one in the lamp socket that is contained in traffic lights cold cathode discharge device and the part schematic illustration and the fragmentary cross-sectional view of reflector, be used for illustrating another embodiment more of the present invention.The equipment of Figure 45 and Figure 43 and those equipment differences of 44 only have been to adopt the gas discharge device of Figure 42 (b) to substitute the gas discharge device of that a kind of pattern among Figure 42 (a).
Figure 46 is the schematic illustration of a cold-cathode fluorescence lamp and a cover supply line, is used for illustrating another embodiment more of the present invention.When cold-cathode fluorescence lamp when being lower than the work of its normal operating temperature range, hope is sent more electric power to lamp the temperature of lamp is raised in its normal working temperature scope.Therefore, the connection between those electrodes 2412 of power supply 2480 and cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 2401, an available cover variableimpedance circuit.Shown in Figure 46 (a), the secondary coil 2481 of electric power converter 2480 through the variableimpedance circuit 2490 that its impedance directly can change with temperature, is supplied with those electrodes 2412 to suitable alternating electromotive force.In other words, when temperature is low, the impedance of circuit 2490 is low, and temperature is when high, and though the impedance height of circuit 2490 is in some situation, the impedance of circuit 2490 can be proportional to temperature, but the impedance of such circuit also can with twice power of temperature, or temperature cube, or other integral number power of temperature divide power for several times or such tittle and or difference proportional; All some such correlations and herein this correlation, are referred to as all within the scope of the invention simply: the impedance of circuit 2490 directly changes with temperature.
Among the embodiment shown in Figure 46 (a), circuit 2490 contains the capacitor 2482 and 2483 of two parallel connections.The capacitance of capacitor 2482 is for what fix, and the capacitance of capacitor 2483 is then done opposite variation with temperature; In other words, the capacitance of capacitor 2483 when low temperature is big, and little when low temperature.Again in other words, when low temperature, the high capacitance that capacitor 2483 has dominates with respect to capacitor 2482, so the impedance of circuit 2490 is just low.When high temperature, the capacitance of capacitor 2483 and capacitor 2482 by comparison, can ignore, thereby capacitor 2482 is then depended in the impedance of circuit 2490.
Figure 46 (b), 46 (c) are the schematic illustration of some cold-cathode fluorescence lamps and their supply line, are used for illustrating two different embodiment of impedance line.Among Figure 46 (b), the capacitor 2482 that it is definite value that impedance line contains a capacitance and a capacitance are variable capacitor 2484.The capacitance of capacitor 2482 is done opposite variation with temperature, so when high temperature, its capacitance is little, thus the impedance of increase impedance line., when low temperature, capacitor 2484 has big capacitance, so the capacitance of capacitor 2482 is depended in the impedance of impedance line.
In the situation of Figure 46 (c), impedance line by capacitance be the capacitor 2480 of definite value and be serially connected with variable resistance 2485, capacitance is that the capacitor 2486 of definite value is in parallel and forms.The resistance of variable resistance 2485 as top described to capacitor 2483, also directly changes with temperature on same meaning.Like this, when low temperature, the resistance of resistor 2485 is low.If capacitor 2486 is compared with capacitor 2482, and has very big capacitance, when low temperature, the influence of capacitor 2486 dominates, and makes circuit 2490 " impedance low.When high temperature, the resistance height of resistor 2485 makes capacitor 2482 dominate, thereby circuit 2490 " impedance increase.
Figure 47 (a) is the schematic illustration of a pixel of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp display unit, is used for illustrating another embodiment of the present invention.Figure 47 (b) and Figure 47 (a) are the end view of pixel.Panchromatic in order to show, each pixel of display unit must be able to be sent redness, green and blue light.Therefore, each pixel all contains three cold-cathode fluorescence lamps, is used for sending redness, green and blue light respectively.Like this, lamp 3301 blue light-emittings, lamp 3301 ' green light, and lamp 3301 " glow.Can simultaneously or in turn work display light for these three.Each of these lamps all has two electrodes 3312 and some power supply (not shown)s receive joint 3313 on the electrode, makes lamp luminous.
As mentioned above, although those cold-cathode fluorescence lamps contain at inside pipe wall and have one deck luminescent substance, fluorescent material for example, with the fluorescent tube that mercury is housed in pipe, be used for producing light, but this two component parts also nonessentially has, and particularly is used for producing some color of light for those, and for example the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of red light is all the more so.In order to produce light, cold-cathode fluorescence lamp can be simply comprises some electrodes and a certain suitable gas in it with one, the fluorescent tube of neon or xenon for example, and do not need that fluorescent material or mercury are arranged in pipe.During electrode discharge in the fluorescent tube, some molecules of gas are excited; When those molecules that are excited are got back to low-energy state, just produce light.
The various embodiment of above reference are described in detail the present invention, but it must be understood that, may make different variations or revise the present invention all breaking away from not format scope of invention, and scope of the present invention is determined by appended claim.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of cold cathode gas discharge luminescent device comprises:
The cold-cathode fluorescence lamp that extends more than two or two, wherein each has a first end and a second end at least, and the first end of this lamp more than two or two interconnects;
A container, described lamp more than two or two is installed in it;
Each described lamp has at least one first electrode to be positioned at the outside of described container.
2, cold cathode gas discharge luminescent device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that wherein first electrode of each lamp all links to each other with the first end of this lamp, described device also contains shared second electrode, it is positioned at the second end of this lamp more than two or two, or contiguous the second end.
3, cold cathode gas discharge luminescent device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that also containing a triggering third electrode, and it is positioned at the second end of this lamp more than two or two, or contiguous the second end.
4, cold cathode gas discharge luminescent device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that also containing the device that is connected across supply formality voltage between shared second utmost point and a pair of first electrode, and be connected across the device that triggers supply starting resistor between the third electrode and first electrode, described starting resistor is the combined effect of continuous voltage and starting resistor, makes lamp start.
5, cold cathode gas discharge luminescent device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that described device also contains a base plate, this base plate is connected to the inwall of container, and is used for supporting this lamp more than two or two, and second electrode that this is shared or triggering third electrode are linked on this base plate.
CNA031002609A 1998-05-06 1999-05-05 Cold cathode gas discharge luminescent device Pending CN1477675A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/073,738 US6310436B1 (en) 1995-09-22 1998-05-06 Cold cathode fluorescent lamp and display
US09/073,738 1998-05-06
US09/188,035 1998-11-06
US09/188,035 US6316872B1 (en) 1995-09-22 1998-11-06 Cold cathode fluorescent lamp
US09/187,766 US6201352B1 (en) 1995-09-22 1998-11-06 Cold cathode fluorescent display
US09/187,766 1998-11-06
CN99101997 1999-04-05
US99101997.0 1999-04-05

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